Organisational Behaviour: Influence of Culture and Motivation on Workplace Performance

This report analyses the influence of organisational culture and motivation on workplace performance through an analysis of Tesco's culture and motivational theories. It also explores the benefits of working in a team and evaluates group development theories for effective team performance. The report highlights the importance of effective teamwork and its impact on workplace behaviours. Course code and college/university not mentioned.

UNIT 12 —
ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
PART 1............................................................................................................................................3
Influence of organizational motivation and culture on performances and behaviours in a
workplace.....................................................................................................................................3
Various organizational cultures and motivational theories..........................................................4
Organizational culture of Tesco and the ways through which organizational behaviour has
impacted the performance in Tesco.............................................................................................6
PART 2............................................................................................................................................7
Benefits of the working in team ..................................................................................................7
Benefits of working in team as leader as well as member ..........................................................8
critically evaluate two group development theories....................................................................9
Examine the effective teams relates to two models of organizational behaviour .....................10
Reflection ..................................................................................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Organizational behaviour is engaged with the way of how people should behave, interact,
communicate and respond to each other in an organization. It has 4 factors namely: the people,
the technology, external environment, and the structure of an organization which are expected to
interact with one another (Buchanan, and Huczynski, 2019). Organizational behaviour analyse
the way in which the environmental and social factors affect the teams or employees at the work.
Tesco is an international organization that is retail based. It engaged in various kind of products
such as furnitures, clothing, toys, software, internet services, petrol, electronics, books, financial
services and telecoms. It has its headquarter in England and has also expanded its operations in
11 other countries. The company is said to be the 9th largest company in terms of revenue
generation. This report will comprise an analysis of how the performance of a workplace is
influenced by its organizational culture and motivation, an evaluation of different kinds of
motivational theories, an overview of Tesco's politics, power and culture and the benefits of
working as a team leader. Furthermore, in part 2, the report also presents an evaluation of the
theories for the group development in order to discuss the team effectiveness in achieving the
goals of the company and relatedness between two organizational behaviour concepts and a
team. Lastly, the report also presents a reflection on the relevance and value of an effective team
for influencing the behaviours at a workplace.
MAIN BODY
PART 1
Influence of organizational motivation and culture on performances and behaviours in a
workplace.
Organizational culture basically is a very relevant part which is necessary for efficient as
well as effective working and development of the organization in particular (Driskill., 2018).
This mainly refers to the environment of the organization and the overall professional
interactions as well as activities that occur in the organization or take place within the
organization in particular. This basically provides a set of rules or a code of conduct within an
organization to present or showcase the ways in which employees of a particular organization are
required to behave with each other, senior management and the customers of the company. The
major focus of an efficient organizational culture is to have a positive environment in the
organization that helps or supports the employees to be more productive and effective too.

Organizational culture helps the employees to become more efficient as well as
proficient. The guidelines need to be precise and understandable and also in accordance to the
requirements, demands or desires of the employees in particular (Pathiranage., 2019). This helps
in enhancing the levels of productivity of the employees in particular and then this further helps
in providing competitive advantage to the company in particular among the overall market as
well as the industry too. This helps in enhancing the quality of communication within the
organization which solves conflicts or issues in a more effective way. The major role of
organizational culture is to shape the understandings, behaviours as well as perceptions of the
employees in particular.
Motivation basically refers to the skill or the ability which a manager or a leader should
particularly have (Heckhausen. and Heckhausen., 2018). Motivation refers to enhancing the
interest of the employees towards working and increase their levels of inclination towards the
achievement or the attainment of the common organizational objective or goal in particular. It
can be defined as something which induces the process of fulfilment of an action in particular.
Through motivation the employees that are working within the organization are particularly able
to achieve their individual or personal goals as well as the overall goal or objective of the
company in particular.
Motivation has a major impact on the employees of the company. It can particularly done
through many different ways (Herzberg., 2017). The methods of motivating the employees of the
organization in particular are decided in accordance to diverse factors or aspects of the company
or the personalities of the individual employees in particular. Motivation helps or supports the
employees of the company to be more productive and give their 100 % to whatever they are
doing or performing in particular. The employees of the company in particular get to learn about
different things and are also personally willing to try out things and learn about diverse aspects
of the work they are particularly doing.
Various organizational cultures and motivational theories.
Organizational culture is a gum which always keeps a company together. Organizational
culture usually facilitates the achievements of a company's strategic goals as well as attracts the
right employees and further makes the employees that do not fit stand away. There are different
types of the organizational cultures, some of them are as follows:
Adhocracy culture:

The Adhocracy culture is a combination of the two words that are Ad hoc as well as
bureaucracy in particular. Hence, the company with Adhocracy culture is considered to be more
flexible and also not inhibited by policies as well as procedures. It is based on the ability to
change rapidly to inconsistent conditions in the corporate culture. This culture are characterized
by flexibility and also employee empowerment.
Clan culture:
Clan culture is referred to the interrelated group of individuals with common interest.
Clan are usually found in small businesses and family owned businesses which are usually not
hierarchical in nature (Reader. And et.al., 2020). In this case, the employees are valuable not
based upon the level and the environment is more supportive. This culture mainly aims at
working within a team by ensuring that all employees feel equal. Also, here the employees feel
more comfortable, and they also provide open as well as honest feedback. There is usually high
level of employee engagement in this culture, this particularly makes excellent customer
services. But, clan culture has drawbacks as well such as the difficulty in maintaining the
organizational growth.
Hierarchy culture:
Hierarchy culture is a model which is based on a process of clearing the defined
corporate structure and levels (Costa. Rodrigues. and Ferreira., 2020). In Hierarchy culture the
items are usually ranked in accordance to the levels of relevancy. In Hierarchy culture the duties
of employees are clearly defined and the operations tend to be streamlined. This type of
organizational culture allows the company in managing risks effectively and efficiently, and
support in being operationally sufficient, proficient and stable.
Motivations theories
Motivation is a major factor that determines the attainment of goals in a company. Teams
as well as individuals within a company to attain the goals of the firm.
Maslow's theories of hierarchical needs:
This theory was developed by Abraham Maslow in 1963 (Fallatah. and Syed., 2018). The
theory is usually based over the personal experiences faced by Maslow himself. There are major
five needs or requirements of the employees that are satisfied by their company. These five
primary needs are the physiological needs, then the safety needs, the the social needs, the esteem
needs and lastly the self actualization.

McClelland theory:
McClelland theory is formulated or is developed by David McClelland in the book
written by him named “the achieving society”. Hence, this theory states that regardless of the
age, gender of employees generally has three major motivators which motivates the employees
for working hardly (Osemeke. and Adegboyega., 2017). The three major motivators are mainly,
affiliation, power and the achievements. Hence, understanding the major motivators will help
the organizations to motivate employees.
Hertzbery theory:
This Hertzbery theory was developed by Fredrick Hertzberg and also named the theory as
two factors theory in particular (Alshmemri. Shahwan-Akl. and Maude., 2017). This theory
states that there are majorly two factors within an organization which may or may not satisfy the
employees. These two factors particularly are motivating as well as the hygiene factors. So
through using hertzberg theory an organization is able to motivate the employees through simply
giving them a working environment that is hygienic. Hence, more hygiene and more employees
will be motivated and also they like to work in such an environment. Motivating the employees
will provide many benefits like they will enhance their performance and also their productivity
as well.
Organizational culture of Tesco and the ways through which organizational behaviour has
impacted the performance in Tesco.
Organizational culture, power and also the politics are some major internal factors which
specifically support in the process of determination of the behaviours as well as performance
and check if the culture in particular has a positive impact or not. On the other hand, if there is a
negative affect then the performance of the employees will not match the performance that is the
standard one. Organizational culture generally also impacts or influences the performance of the
employees in particular. If the employees are satisfied with the working environment of the
organization specifically then it has a positive impact on the performance and the employees like
they have a sense of motivation towards their work which leads to enhancement in the profits of
organization. Tesco's organizational culture majorly focuses on the concept or approach of
individual performance and also the organization's performance in particular. The company also
focuses over the quality as well as efficiency. Tesco offers good quality products and services as
well in all the areas, efficiency in work through using the most appropriate and advanced

technology and also other tools. Power is a very relevant factor of the business culture that
usually plays necessary role in the development of the company stability. This particularly
allows the managers to influence the employees in the correct direction that is the needed for
performing the actions in a bunch of perspectives and aspects as well. Through having the power
workers there is more opportunity to use as well as express the opinions in a manner or way that
is effective and more proficient as well. Power is the acting power of the decision makers and
also the directors of the company with the governing body as well.
Organizational politics is usually a behaviour which is self-serving of the employees of
the company, Tesco in particular. Hence, it is generally used through the employees working in
the organization which are of power as a social network for the purpose of increasing the levels
of productivity as well as performance for meeting the organizational objective or organizational
goals. Positive politics particularly helps in increasing the involvement of the employees which
allows them to work in a more proper manner. For instance, if an organization in particular has a
good workplace, efficient power and also has positive politics then the company will obviously
give positive impact to the employees like it will enhance the performance, the profits etc.
Organizational culture plays a crucial role in the development and growth of the company
through involving the employees. This may be reflected as the employees benefits, or the
customers services, etc. Tesco has a positive organizational culture which helps the company to
develop as well as get successful in the eyes of customers and employees in the long run.
PART 2
Benefits of the working in team
Effective team is normally define as importanct foundations that generally leads company
towards success. They are also help in improving quality of products as well as services
produced or offered by the Tesco. Generally, working in team has many benefits. some of these
benefits are discussed in brief in further paragraphs. Team work has become a key essential as
well as required feature or aspect of every organization or even a single project in particular in
the current or the present times. One of major benefits of working with a bunch of various as
well as diverse individuals is that every employee gets to learn more new as well as unknown
things from being in a group of people or individuals. So, through working in team helps the
individual gets to a learn various aspects as well as this enhances their knowledge regarding
different subjects or working style (KOSTADINOVA, 2021). As the individuals are working on

single or common project they require to help each other at different or every level, because of
this their skills also enhance. Through, working with various people as well as dealing with each
of them on different levels the communication skills, co- ordination skills and team work skills
of the individuals enhance and develop. Therefore, teamwork helps Tesco too, by creating as
well as developing more proficient and skilful employees within the organization. Therefore, it
has says that the good teamwork makes working much easierin every condition. Here are few
benefits of team work are as follows:
 Good problem solving
 Less burning out
 Personal growth
 Boosts productivity
A effective teamwork also requires some skills in order to achieve the results. So these skills are
critical thinking, listening skill, problem solving, time management, communication, and
leadership. Here the company Tesco also has effective teams working for itself. The organization
keeps a check on the mandatory flow of critical thinking, leadership qualities , communication
skills, as well as time management of teams to get a good result from them.
Benefits of working in team as leader as well as member
Teamwork under which people bring their authentic selves as well as skills together to give
excellent outcomes for group. Teamwork is the key of the organization success. The leaders as
well as the members of team are generally benefited by team work by many ways. The key
benefit that a leader has of team work that they normally learn to take more responsibilities in a
better way as well as also make decisions efficiently and effectively. This also raise levels of
their experience and they get to learn new things related the personalities of various people as
well as the many ways to deal with diverse individuals accordingly (Bernarto, and et.al., 2020).
Here they also get to learn how to deal with difficult situations and conflicts happen in their team
by generally learning about the personalities as well as tackling ways of members of their teams.
They also get to learn new skills such as communication skills, motivation skills,, decision-
making skills as well as some other skills that will help in their professional development and the
development of the team. As there are many benefits for members working in team, as well as
there are many benefits for team leader as well. When a leader leads the team, the knowledge of
deep understanding about every people working in team increases. The leader can also boost

personal power of the deciding the nature of people working in an company and power of cope
up with members on personal as well as professional level. So, working in team can be really
very helpful in every aspect, where a member in a team, also gets to learn new skills and how to
work in group by avoiding the conflicts in the working place, a team leader gets to learn about
how to solve conflicts which are generally rising in team on regular basis. So teamwork is
depends on members how they take out the best of tough times.
Tesco is a multinational company which generally has shown a good growth in past
years. The organization also has teams which work towards for achieving the common
organizational goal. There are many benefits which business has also observed in the leaders and
members working in the teams which helps company to enhance their performance and get more
success. There are benefits of shared informations, transparency in decision-making, more
creativity, fast resolutions, great morale as well as motivation, and good problem-solving skills
etc.
critically evaluate two group development theories
Team development means forming of the group of talented individuals at a workplace as
well as motivating them to stay together, and also work together and achieve the organization
goals together. After complete development of team, they works cooperatively to accomplish the
set goals for the company. The punctuated equilibrium model generally states that groups tend to
move forward when the bursts of the change happen after no changes for the long periods of
time. The groups or teams that are stable, satisfied, similar, supportive and small result in being
more cohesive in comparison to groups that are not (Driskell, Salas and Driskell, 2018.).
TUCKMAN MODEL
This model focuses on the changing of teams into shared leaderships as well as collaboratives
with the evolved maturity and abilities amongst members of the team. This model has five steps
such as Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing and Adjourning.
Forming- This is the very first step generally associated with putting up of team structure
together. Here, the conflicts as well as ambiguous is avoided at this step because of the need for
acceptance.
Storming- This is the second step which generally notices the interpersonal conflicts in the
process of tasks. This is dominated by structural power, issues, and leadership.

Norming- This stage members of team come up with the new and different ways of doing the
tasks together as well as being together. During this time leadership is turned into shared
leadership as well as members also have trust on one another.
Performing- In this stage team members focus on the tasks which will give benefit for
organizations. This also involves freeing up some time as well as boosting team engagement.
Adjourning- In this the group is breaking up the group when a task is completed as well as
purpose is served.
The Tuckman's theory has clarified specific stages of group and team discussion. This theory
helps to understand the primary and the secondary tension which is genrated from group
communication. It also recommends that how to decrease tensions between members in a group.
But one of the drawback of this theory is that if the group not havinh effective communication
then it will give negative impact on group (Putro, Rosmansyah, and Suhardi, 2020).
Examine the effective teams relates to two models of organizational behaviour
Team effectiveness is important factor when it comes to achieving wanted goals for an
business. Here the organization, Tesco has a great team working for the business which provides
great outcomes as well as profitability to the company. Tesco follows two models of
organization behaviour that is Supportive model and Collegial model (Apoorva, 2019.). The
collegial model is occupied with the participation as well as collaboration. collegial model
promotes shared leadership that is it is directly concerned with the taking decision as well as
planning for the future events through the process of discussions amongst the members of the
team. Here every member of the organization team feels a sense of belonging as well as in
Tesco, the teams use this so that they can acquire a great participation of the members as well as
can maintain harmony within the team. Here employees feel invested their interest in success of
the organization and achieve business goals.
Supportive model of the organizational behaviour is refers to creation of working
environment that is very supportive as well as motivating for organization employees so that they
can able to perform in the better way. supportive model depends upon leadership generally. If the
leader is effective leading the team in the good direction and understanding the issues or
problem faced by employees as well as support them and motivate them for the work. This will
raise the productivity of the team members as well as company will also gain competitive
advantage. Tesco has adopted these two models in making the team effective as well as to make

sure the proper flow of motivation in the teams, so that the organization can keep coming with
the innovative ideas.
Reflection
The effective team is very impotant for every organization. In an organization has
effective team thedn it will also impact on the behavious in workplace (Otte, Konradt, and
Oldeweme, 2018). The effect team work has on the workplace also make other people to develop
good trust, communication as well as commitment towards one another in the place. The more
people invest into the teams more they gain from that team. From the above done tasks I
personally believe that team work raise personal skills as well as abilities of individual working
in a company. It also increase the knowledge as well as understanding of each individual of the
business and make the people want to learn more and more by giving their best towards the
team's motive and company's goal. So according to me, team work is very important for an
organisation, it helps in achieving goals on time and many more.
CONCLUSION
This report in particular provides information regarding the organizational culture as well
as organizational motivation that is present within a company and its impact on employee
performance and behaviour in particular. The report also states the various organizational
behaviour theories as well as motivation theories that are used for its efficient implementation
within the company in particular. Lastly, in the first part the report provides an overview about
the organizational politics, power and culture of the company Tesco. In the second part of the
report in particular, the information regarding the different team work theories particularly used
within an organization in particular are specified and the importance of team work are also given.

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