Using Human and Material Sources to Improve the Analytical and Business Skills of an Organization

The assignment also aims at improving both the analytical and business writing skills of students, as it applies to OB. The learning objectives form the basis of the assignment. Students have to be able to display their ability to apply and argue at a management level for each of the learning objectives of the course. Assessment instruction: Your current organisation has made contact with you and requested you to analyse the human behaviour in the organisation, as seen through Organisational Behaviour practices and principles, in order to improve organisational effectiveness. From the theoretical background provided in the textbook as well as the classes of the OB module, choose any four (4) of the areas provided below and analyse what is happening in your organisation in relation to those 4 areas: 1. Accepting and dealing with emotions and personality on an individual level 2. Motivation, engagement and performance improvement 3. 

Running head: ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Executive Summary
The aim of the research paper is to improve both the analytical as well as business skills
of the chosen organization. The chief aim of the paper is to utilize the human and material
sources in such a manner that they should be able give their maximum to the organization as a
whole. The paper will be providing short introduction with company overview and modes of
operation in the market in which they are operating with the competitors. Next coming to the
organizational objectives chosen in the paper, it will discuss the motivation, engagement and
performance improvement made by the company in the present date. It will also discuss the job
satisfaction roles initiated in the company from the last few decades in order top promote the
effectiveness in the day to day operation. It will highlight the employment relations and discuss
the organizational culture of the company in context to present business scenario. In the end it
will put forward the recommendations and provide various types of strategies in order to help the
company to build an ongoing process for the future operations of the company.

2ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Table of Contents
Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................1
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Organizational Behavior..................................................................................................................4
Motivation, engagement and performance improvement................................................................5
Building Safe Culture which is known for aiming for Zero Industrial Accidents...........................7
Job satisfaction and selection...........................................................................................................8
Employee Relations.......................................................................................................................10
Employee relations at Toyota........................................................................................................14
Organizational Culture...................................................................................................................15
Recommendations..........................................................................................................................16
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................17

3ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Introduction
In 1933 a company was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda which was known for delivering the
passenger cars. The company had its headquarters in Toyota City, Aichi and in Tokyo. In the
year 1934 the whole department of Toyota industries was working very hard to manufacture the
first product which was called as the Type A engine. According to the author Monden, (2019)
after various types of extensive research work it can be said that company was starting its first
manufacturing of the passenger vehicle in 1936. Toyota then after gaining success and decided to
operate with few more companies like Fuji Heavy Industries, Isuzu, Yamaha and as well as
Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporations. Taking account of all these the company is known for in the
present date operating with more than around 522 subsidiaries.
The company has its headquarters in Tokyo City, Aichi and in Tokyo itself. It is known
for providing the customers with various types of services like the financial services through the
division of Toyota Financial Services which is also known for building various types of robots in
different industries. Toyota Motor Corporations is known for working together as a whole and is
trying to become one of the biggest conglomerate in the whole world. Toyota is worldwide
famous and is known for making few of the best and most luxurious automobiles in the world.
In the year of 2008, the company overtook over GM and the whole automotive industry
and according to the author Monden, (2019) it is one of the largest car maker in the world. But
soon after company has started arising with great motivation and rapid expansion the more
customers started blaming them. There was an issue in the year 2009when the brake as well as
the accelerators and the brake which had led them to recall more than eight million cars in the
year of 2009. This rollback of the cars from the customers to the company had saved more than

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98 lawsuits due to deaths, injuries and other damages which could have led to death of the
customers. After various types of research work which were initiated by the author in a year
2014 that with the help of lean manufacturing system which has helped the company to achieve
many targets. This has helped it to meet various types of target and gain benefit to various factors
Other benefits like achieving the target market, saving money, and indirectly strengthening the
company has helped them to grow in the market with the share capital.
Organizational Behavior
According to the author Monden, (2019) the organizational behavior is the study of both
the group performance in the company or particular organization as well as the activities which
are promoted within the organization as a whole. Therefore this area of the study is known for
determining the human behavior in the concentrated work environment of the company as well
as the determinations or factors that create an impact on the job structure, performance,
communication, as well as the motivation which is provided with the leaders present in the
company. The organizational behavior theory was known for studying in the human behavior
within the operations made in the organization. According to the author Dillon, (2019) Taylor
has been called as the father of scientific management in organizational behavior. The author has
embraced the core principles in order to bring out the strategies which can be used by the
company’s in order to reduce the conflicts in the business and help the company in order to
foster to needs and simplify various types of duties led by the employees. In the year 1940 till
1950 the author as well as with the company of many other researchers as a team had formed
various types of research work in order to concentrate more on the value on human experience in
the working environment which is known for impacting how the organization is operating with
the operations in the business.

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Motivation, engagement and performance improvement
Motivation is one off the most important aspect of working in an organization. When a
team of employees is highly motivated or is having a good leadership skills is popularly known
for achieving the objectives of the company. Few of the main importance of motivation in the
organization is that it is known for increasing the performance level of the employees as a whole
in order to bring out the best from the employees. With the help of proper motivation in the
employees the indifferent attitudes can be changed from the employees. There will also be a
reduction in the employee turnover and absenteeism, which will help the company to bring in a
healthy corporate image as a whole. According to the author (Demos, McKenzi & Selby 2019) it
can be said that motivation is known for increasing the efficiency as well as the output of the
employees. It leads to development of friendly relationships in order to bring out the best of the
employees in the day to day operation of the business. It also helps in facilitating the changes
which are required in the business organization as a whole.
According to the author (Demos, McKenzi & Selby 2019) after various types of research
work it has been found out that Toyota Production System has made itself one of the most
innovative and motivating companies in the world. This is the main reason why they have
created such a happy workplace in the company culture, where the employees are known for
working with great confidence, vigor and as well as enthusiasm. When speaking about gaining
the motivation it will be beneficial to look into the concept of Maslow’s Hierarchy Needs which
is the most important pyramid of acknowledging the needs of the people. Taking into account of
motivation the first process is the Physiological needs, the next is Safety needs, Love and
belonging then arrives the Esteem needs, the last process comes with the Self- Actualization

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needs. It is known that only when the first two needs are met the employees are known for
gaining higher level of self-actualization needs in the company.
With this it can be said that the company has been continuously working on the concept
of motivating the employees in order to get the best out of them. Toyota from the past few
decades has been working on the human needs and has been working on the integrated concept
of Toyota Kata concept. The Toyota Kata concept is known for just having its focus in building
habits for continuous improvement and motivation among the employees working as a team. All
the employees present in the company.
All the employees in the company are highly contended with the salary as because they
are getting well paid, they have a good job security. As reported by the author Dome, Morimoto
and Natsuak (2019) after various types of extensive research work it has been found out that the
basic thing which is known for motivating the employees to give their best to the company is the
working environment which is very much safe and well organized. The company from the year
2010 has also started various types of child care techniques and business process which has
helped the working mothers or women in the company to get notified under the section of child
care act. The company provides various type of child acre rights to the people working under the
company as well as it has its recreational activities that help the employees to share various types
of thoughts related outside the business process. These processes which are initiated from the
side of the company is known for actively motivating the employees and help them thing about a
bigger picture as a whole. The company has greater business leaders who are known for
promoting the business process and help the employees with any kind of problem they are facing
in. Toyota according to the author promotes a very strong team spirit among the employees and
shows a sense of belonging that the company is beside them, in terms of providing help. The

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team spirit does not show any kind of discrimination between the team as well as the top
management of the company. This connection helps in growing a good formal connection with
the business managers with the employees of the company.
With this absolute no discrimination process and managing diversity in workplace, the
employees are known for working together as a whole so that they can come up with very good
business ideas.
The company is also known offering no private parking facilities as well as no private cafeteria
for the managers of the company. The company also does not promote any kind of private
offices or any place for private secretariats. This helps the employees in creating a very good
bond within the employees working in the same organization as a whole. According to the author
Dome, Morimoto and Natsuak (2019) each and every employee in the company is known for
wearing the company uniform provided by the company which helps in manipulating diversity in
the work place.
Building Safe Culture which is known for aiming for Zero Industrial
Accidents
In accordance with the fundamental policies of “creating the people fully capable of
autonomous maintaining occupational safety and health” the company has been trying very hard
to strive in preventing various types ad kind of company accidentals as well as occupational
disorder while the employees are working in the company. The company has thus worked with
various other companies in creating a good environment within the company so that the
employees are motivate enough to work in the company for a long time. According to the author

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making various types of equipment’s which are immune to various types of accidents and
disorder so that they can directly ignore the accidents.
In the year 2019 the company has continued in order to promote the primarily activities
which has aimed to establish the safety measures in the oriented culture of the company. It has
established successfully a safety working culture which can be believed is very vital in the day to
day operations of the company. With the association of safety measures it has been established
that the employee are highly motivated in order to proceed with various types of tasks. The
company is known for continuously promoting the basic needs to the employees in the company.
The leaders in the company are pretty helpful when it comes to assigning various types of task or
as well as helping out the employee from the problem statement they are facing with. According
to the author Dome, Morimoto and Natsuak (2019) the company is strictly following few of the
basic necessities like bring out two quality improvement for the employees every month, this
will in a way help the other employees in order to proceed with the job in the company. Helping
out the employees so as by listening to them and proceeding with the change requirement help
the company to help out in bringing out the best performances from the side of the employees.
The author Dome, Morimoto and Natsuak (2019) in his research work states that the main motto
of the company in its business operation is “ Never be satisfied with what you have got” , is the
core principle of the company in terms of operation. Therefore the company has promoted the
means of Kaizen where every employee working under the company should come up with two
methods of change initiative required by the company.
According to the author small changes are known for mattering the employees of the
company. A kaizen does not have to huge but however the company has been trying to get
involved with various types of problem statement to build good relationship with the employees.

9ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Job satisfaction and selection
The human resources are known for being one of the most important asset of the
organization. Therefore it is very important for the employees to get the best out of the group.
This will be leading the company to gain success. According to the author Dome, Morimoto and
Natsuak (2019) without various types of positive creation of people in the organization. In order
to achieve various types of goals or meet the organizational activities the company has to recruit
various types of executives with diverse qualification and experience so that they can best fit the
organization. Employee selection as well as recruitment is one of the distinct process required by
the company to meet the target aimed. Technically speaking it can be said that hiring a
professional so as by first understanding the exact skills employed by the company and then
matching it which the requirement set by the company is a beneficial job. Therefore in order to
attract people for the job, the organization must try out to communicate the best position in such
a way that they are getting the appropriate job seeks out of the main selection process. Selection
is the process of picking up individuals who are known for performing well in the company for
almost more than few years. The basic purpose of the selection of the employees is that they will
be able to successfully perform the best in the company and add to the initial requirement made
by the company.
The company has been working on the selection process in order to determine the present as well
as the future requirements of the company. The selection process of the company is one of the
most unique part as because it aim sin developing and catering to the needs associated with the
presentation needs. The selection process of the company is known for dealing with the VIVA
Toyota where the company says that it is one of the best way to promote the human resource to
successfully manage the productive human assets of the company. The company is therefore

10ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
known for using both the internal process of recruitment and as well as the external process of
recruitment according to the nature of recent post vacant in the company. The selection process
is known for following few of the important steps like the candidates will be screened according
to the urgency as well as according to the suitability of the post. The process of selection is
known for leading the company to various types of struggles like performing the job vacant in
order to meet the responsibilities in the business process. After few of the process of selection
the company is known for dividing the candidates into two main categories which are namely
those who will be offered direct employment after the initial interview process and those who
will be given direct
Rejection prior to the interview process. Regarding the process of job satisfaction it can be
said that the company has always been trying to provide their employees with special care and
training process so that the employees are always motivated with what they have achieved.
According to the author Dome, Morimoto and Natsuak (2019) the various process of training
needs are due to the changes in the technological factors, change in the quality conscious
customers of the company, greater productivity and as well as a development of stable work
force. These are basic reason that has been identified required diverse kind of training process
and development. Also according to the author Dome, Morimoto and Natsuak (2019) it has been
found out that the employees working in the company has received various types of employee
satisfaction. Employee satisfaction in a way like Toyota yearly arrangs for various types of
award distribution to the employees like the :
 Best Dealer Award in the year 2001 till 2019 in most of the branches it has in countries
 The first Toyota dealers to get the ISO certiofied 9001: 2000 certificate by RWTUT
Germany from the year 2001 till the year 2019.

11ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Employee Relations
There are organizations that operate in a market for the process of earning profits and
there are organizations that operate in the industry for purposes other than generation of profit.
Regardless of the nature of operations of organizations, there are certain number of employees
associated to the organization. I must be recognized that employees are one of the most
important stakeholders associated to an organization. Furthermore, the employees are the
stakeholders who determine the sustainability of the operations of the company. It is the
employees, regardless of the level they are operating in, to generate outcomes that sustain the
operations of the company. Hence, it can be said that importance should be realized in the
employees. The latter should be carried out in order to ensure that the company is able to ensure
that the employees are giving their best in terms of performance. Employees are the stakeholders
of the organizations, who are responsible for helping the organizations in achievement of
sustainable nature of results. Hence, the management should be able to realize importance in
development of favorable relationships with the employees. There exists various types of
interactions that takes place at various levels, when in an organizational context. Communication
refers to the to and fro interchange of information with the help of which a certain message is
communicated from one party to the other. It can be said that the communication framework that
exists in organization determine the nature of outcomes that an organization is subject to.
Moreover, communication is the aspect with the help of which organizations can effectively
establish rapport between employees working at different levels of the organization. It is the role
of the Human Resources Department of an organization to be able to determine the
communication framework that exists in organizations. There might be situations that are
characterized by lack of clarity in communication which gives rise to unfavorable circumstances

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such as fear, anxiety, stress, depression and other feelings within some employees. Employee
relations refers to the feelings that one employee has with another employee. It can also refer to
the relationship that the management has with specific employees or group of employees.
Relationships that exist between the employees is determined by the nature of communication
that exists between the employees or as a result of the issues that exist between two individuals
in an organizational setting. Thus, it should be the aim of companies to be able to identify issues
that help in satiating the needs of company. The method to do the same is to identify the factors
with the help of which the employees are engaged to the organization. Hence, it can be said that
the focus of organization should be on the development of relations with the employees as a
result of which company can satiate the needs associated with the nature of operations that are
carried out within organization. The Toyota Production System has been able to pay attention to
the needs that are associated with maintenance of favorable employee relations.
Following are the factors that have been effectively analyzed that by Toyota while they are
operating in the industry regardless of the specific market that they are operating in;
i. Obligations between employees and employers: There are certain obligations that exist
between employees and employers. Obligations such as proceedings related to the salary of
employees, the allowance that helps in sustaining the activities that help in carrying activities
in a sustainable manner in the organization.
ii. Effective policy of communication: There are various policies that exist within organizations.
The polices that are present in an organization are present in the organization in order to
bolster the effectiveness of operations that exist in an organization. Thus, it can be said that
the policies that are present within the framework of the organization should be effectively
communicated to all the employees present in the organization. This can help in ensuring that

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all the employee of the organization are able to gain ideas regarding the existing polices.
Thus, the nature of communication within organizations has to be such that all the employees
are able to effectively get communicate the policies that exist within the operational
framework of companies. It can be said that if employees are able to effectively identify the
polices that exist within the organizations, they will be able to carry out operation according
to the required standards.
iii. Joint Problem solving and decision making: If there existed favorable employee relations in
the organization, there is a rise of collaboration that exist between the employees. Increased
collaboration between the employees helps in satiating the urgent demand in organizations.
The nature of operation can be bolstered with the help of critical thinking and problem
solving able to satiate the needs the organization as whole. Hence, joint decision making and
collective problem solving helps in developing effective nature of outcomes and thus, it can
be said that the likely outcomes are sustainable in nature.
iv. Collective Bargaining: Once, there is establishment of favorable relations between the
employees, there can be collaboration between the employees. As a result of the same,
employees can collectively bolster the activities associated with a certain point that needs to
be communicated or an issue that needs to be highlighted to the management. Thus, the
nature of activities that are carried out help in generation of sustainable nature of outcomes as
a result of a collective voice that is formed due to assimilation of a group of employees.
Collective bargaining refers to the assimilation of employees who form a group to treat an
issue.
v. Grievance redressal and disciplinary policies: Regardless of the nature of operations of
organization, it can be said that companies should be able to identify the grievance that exist

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between the employees of the organization. There can be grievance that arise while an
employee is operating in the industry. Thus, there should be grievance redressal mechanisms
that helps in identification of the lapse in the management operations of the management.
Hence, the grievances that are expected in accordance with the activities that are carried out
in the organizations helps in developing solutions to the problems that have been identified.
Hence, the grievance redressed policies help in establishing grounds on which the individual
problems of the employees can be looked into. Hence, the latter must be catered to
effectively in order to ensure that the need of the employees are satiated.
Employee relations at Toyota
Toyota as a whole abides by Kaizen or Continuous improvement. The company leaves no when
it comes to implementing Kaizen in Employee Relationship management. The company values
its employees and thus, the following polices have been incorporated into the employee
relationship policies of the company;
 Building environments that are have favorable culture that ensures zero to no industrial
accidents: The ;policy has been put in place to protect the employees from unfavorable issues
that can potentially hinder the quality of life or sustainability of the employee while they
operate in the company. All the activities that are carried out by the company are tracked and
monitored effectively and it ensures that the needs of safety of the employees can be
bolstered effectively.
 Prevention of explosions caused by combustible gases: The operational activities of the
company involve activities involving combustible gases. The nature of the gases are such that
they can lead to severe explosions and hence, it can be said that the company has developed
policies with the help of which the sustainability of the employees of the company.

15ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
 Favorable allowances: The Company has carried out extensive research in order to identify
the factors that the company must be able to incorporate into the operational policies of the
company in order to develop issue with the help of which the needs of the employees can be
recognized. Thus, it can be said that the aim of the company is to identify polices with the
help of which the aim of the company can be recognized and satiated. Thus, I can be said that
there should be a relationship that is characterized by concern for the employees. The
policies that help in satiating the needs of the employees and thus, makes the organization
desirable in the perception of the employees.
Organizational Culture
Culture is one of eth most crucial factors that determine the sustainability of employee
within an organization. The culture that exists within an organization determines the nature of
operations of the employees of the employees of the organization and also shapes the motivation
of the employees in the organization which in turn determines the degree of engagement of the
employees. Since, employee engagement is a core factor that determines the effectiveness of
operation of the company, it should be the focus of companies to ensure that there exists a
culture that supports the effective organizational performance. Kaizen has been incorporated into
the operations of the company and thus, it has been incorporated into the operations of the
company.
Thus, aim of the company is to gain effectiveness in operations with the help of which it
is ensured there exist a culture that is characterized by continuous improvement. The company is
carrying out activities helps in sustaining the nature of o0perations with the help of which the
nature of operations of the company is always subject to improve. The aim of the company is to
gain favorable nature of outcomes with the help of which the company can gain an advantage in

16ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
operations. The company is constantly carrying out activities with the help of which they can re-
invent the processes within the organization. Furthermore, the company has invested extensively
in Research and Development with the help of which the company aims to establish grounds on
which the company tries to develop scopes which helps the company ensure increase in
organizational performance outcomes.
There are various types of cultures that exists in organizations. There are laid back
culture and there are cultures that ensure organizational effectiveness in maintained while the
operations are being carried out in a manner that support the Toyota Production System or
Kaizen. The latter is aimed at the development of favorable nature of outcomes that helps in
carrying out activities according to the expected outcomes in the industry. The culture that exists
within Toyota not only ensures that the employees within the organization are effectively
motivated, but also ensures that the employees are willing to come back to the organization once
they sustain the nature of activities associated with the operations of the company. The needs of
the employees of the organization are prioritized by the company and thus, the same is reflected
in the operations of the employee in the organization. Hence, the nature of operation of the
company is to carry out activities that support trey sustainability of both, the employees of the
company and the member the organization as a whole. Furthermore, it can be said that the aim of
the company is to ensure that the needs of the company are met.
Recommendations
The main recommendation which can be made to the company is regarding the
recruitment and selection process. The company should in a away try to motivate and retain the
loyal employees It should also try to recruit and train the normal employees for a quality
assurance. The company should also try to stick to the globally accepted TPS that is Toyota

17ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Production Syatem in which the company will be able to maintain the quality of the cars which
are produced under the name of the company (Demos, McKenzi & Selby 2019). It should also
try to include the manufacturing of ecofriendly cars to increase the customer centric production
sales and services. Intra organizational survey in order to describe the desired performance level
of the company, it will also help determine how data is interpreted an important media of
generation. This step will defining good or bad performance based on the desired target set by
the top management of the company. The result of the survey will be indicating when it is
meaningful to satisfy the intangible satisfaction made by the company
Grievance redressal framework in order to limit the grievances of the company, it is conducted to
cover the receipts and process complaints against the company from the customers as well as
employees working in the company.
The company should also try to develop an application through which they will be able to
communicate with the top management. This will enable the employees of the company to speak
effectively and share every minute aspects with the higher management. The communication
over application based software will be promoting talking over the electronic devices.
Allowances to help build the employee motivation within the employees. The company should
also try to recruit the human resources executives so that they can promote the monthly
allowances of the company. This will in a way help the employees to stay motivated and work
for a longer period in the company.
Conclusion
On a concluding note, it can be said that Toyota has been recognized as a company that
has been placed effectively in the automotive sector. The company abides by the Toyota

18ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Production System that is linked with an ideology known as Kaizen or Continuous improvement.
The latter has been incorporated into various activities of the company. Thus, factors such as
motivation, employee engagement, performance improvement, job satisfaction, selection,
employee relations organizational culture. Thus, it can be said that the key issues have been
effectively identified by the company as a result of which they have been able to pay attention to
the same. Thus, the company has been subject to favorable nature of outcomes in the industry
that they are operating in and are likely to gain effectiveness in terms of operations in the future.
The has highlighted the behavior of the inter-organizational functions and thus, the aim of the
company is to gain effectiveness in operations with the help of which the aim of the company
has been able to focus on issues as job satisfaction, organizational culture, employee relations
and motivation as factors that helped in identifying and evaluating the factors with the help of
which the nature of operations in the company has been critically evaluated. Furthermore,
recommendations have been provided in accordance with the issues that have been identified.
Effective grievance redressal framework, integrated app for intra-organizational communication
and some other recommendations have been made to satiate the needs of the said study.

19ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
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