Organisational Structures and Culture

This study explores different types of public sector organisational structures, the concept of culture in public organisations, the impact of central and local government in public services, and various approaches to management styles within the public sector. It also discusses the concept of organisational behaviour and its relationship with motivation and performance in the workplace.

Organisational structures and
culture

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
1 Different types of public sector organisational structure..........................................................3
2. Concept of culture applies in the public sector organisations.................................................4
3. Impact and role of central and local government in public services.......................................6
4. Approaches to management styles within the public sector....................................................7
5.Concept of organisational behaviour........................................................................................8
6. Relationship between motivation, organisational behaviour and reflection impacts on
performance in workplace...........................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Organisational structure and organisational culture is the behaviour of people in the
organisation. Organisational culture of a business defines the work culture and values of the
management and employees in the organisation. The framework of the firm is the
organisational structure. Kingfisher Plc is a multinational company having its headquarter at
London. It is a retail company.in 1982 this company was founded. It deals in home products
which include home furniture, tools, hardware, appliances etc. This study will discuss
different types of public sector organisational structure and the concept of culture applied to
public organisation. Further it will explain the impact of central and local government in the
public service and also investigate different approaches to management styles in the public
sector. this study will also tell the concept of organisational behaviour and access the
relationship between motivation, organisational behaviour and reflection impacts on the
performance of the employees
1 Different types of public sector organisational structure
Public sector: public sector companies comes under the government whether state, local or
central government and is also owned by them only.
Types of public sector organisational structure:
Civil service protections: civil services are the very important public sector organisation. It
includes civil laws. Its nature is protection that is why it comes under government control only.
Laws are necessary to be there on paper despite of that politicians changes with every election
(Wollmann, 2019.). There are such systems which make difficult to fire that employees also
whose performances are poor.
Military organisational structure: it comes under the public sector organisation. Army, navy,
air force, marines all are comes under this. They have certain guidelines which have to be strictly
followed. Roles are clearly mentioned from bottom level to the top level. It includes officers
which got certain ranks which show their position.
Law enforcement organisational structure:

Law enforcement or police department is another government owned entity. They have same
organisational structure as the military organisation have. Ranking systems are also followed by
them. They all are given training according to their positions and have a particular uniform
which they have to wear when they are at the job. Chief of the police control departments, under
chief comes lieutenant and under lieutenant comes sergeants.
Public school organisational structure:
These organisations are controlled by the government boards and have a principal under
principal there is a vice principal and the under that have the staff of teachers and these people
manage all the daily activities of the school. School teacher also have their own roles and
responsibilities. They get all the benefits which are given by the government. These
organisations are influence by the political decisions.
Postal service organisational structure:
It is the government organisation, federal government are accountable for that and they also itself
do the financial supporting. Postmasters manages the post office. Delivery issues and customer
services issues are fixed. Post office organisational structure is very clear and all the positions
can be seen clearly. It has headquarters, division of areas, districts etc. it has dispatch centres
from which letters or parcels are dispatched. They shift their employees form one office to
another in order to meet the increase and decreased demand. Postmasters gives instructions to
their subordinates for fixing the problems.
College organisational structure:
Universities or colleges are partially or completely funded by the government. Their funding
system is very different form private colleges. Like every public organisation, public college also
have the board of trustees which takes the decisions regarding to the college. Their employee
enjoys the benefits which is provided by the government. It also has principal and lecturers
which complete the department (Panjaitan and et.al., 2019).
2. Concept of culture applies in the public sector organisations
Organisation culture:
Organisation culture is the environment in which the organisation operates. Culture include
values, beliefs, assumptions which are present in the organisation and influence the
organisational activity. Organisation culture of the public sector is influenced by the political
decisions. Organisation culture has three dimensions which are:

Integration perspective:
In kingfisher plc every employee shares their values, beliefs, feelings and if any conflicts arise
then it handled carefully.
Differentiation perspective:
It is the sub culture of the organisation structure. It can bring peace or conflict in this it can
different to other. It is the mixes of all organisation culture and form a unique culture.
Fragmentation perspective:
In this the concept of share meanings is not there in the organisation. Conflicts are there between
groups or people.
Kingfisher plc want to promote such culture which include transparency, trust and honesty.
Company believe that it is their responsibility in maintain ethical environment in the
organisation. They do not follow any unethical ways to do their business. Proper guidelines
given by the government do to ethical business are followed by the company. Kingfisher have
code of conduct for working which have to follow by their colleagues or any third party.
Colleagues include their managers, interns, directors, employees, lower level staffs etc and third
party include agents, suppliers, partners, venders, advisors etc. company apply their code of
conduct at that time also when they are involving in joint venture. Company gives training to
their workforce about how to behave in the workplace. They always have suggested their
employees to do the rights things and follow fair practices. Kingfisher gives the responsibility to
their employees so that they can be responsible for the task which is assigned to them. They
create such positive environment in the organisation through which employee get motivated and
their productivity also increases (Netshitangani, 2018). They believe that there should be no lack
of communication because communication barrier is not good for the organisation. Lack of
communication creates confusion and later creates conflicts. Employees of the kingfisher plc
work with full honesty and dedication and are sincere towards their work. Organisation treat
everyone equal and with full respect. Equality is there whether in terms of division of work,
salary etc. company take care about the safety of the employees. They ensure that personal data
of their employees are also protected with them. They do not share with anyone without the
permission of that person. Company follow all the laws of every country in which they operate
as it is the multinational company. Customers are the god for company. They provide good

customer service and do not do any activity by which they lost customer trust. Customer trust has
created their brand value in the market.
3. Impact and role of central and local government in public services.
Role of central government:
Central government plays a vital role in the public organisation. They ensure that there are no
unfair practices in the organisation. They take care about the rights of the stakeholders. They
regulate all the policies which is set by the company. They see the sustainable growth. they take
part in the important decision making process. Central government have partial control over the
company. Government take care that rights of the employees are not violated. They interference
in the oversea business of the company. Environment management is also done by them. They
regulate that wastage are disposed properly by the company and company is not carrying out any
activity by which environment is promoting. They work for the public so their idea to always do
the activities which is beneficial for the public. They believe that stakeholders should be treated
good. Shareholders should get dividend on time and employees should also get proper respect
which they deserve. Suppliers should have paid on time and there should not always be delay in
the payments. Company should not do any activity which exploits the society. They have direct
control over the business. Directors and top authorities of the company are also answerable to the
government for their decisions. Central government can even ask them to change their decisions.
Role of local government:
Local government also have a great impact on public organisations. They believe that company
should work effective and efficiently so that their goals can be achieved. They timely participate
in the decision making activities of the company (Mosadeghrad and Saadati, 2018). They
regulate that company should not pollute the environment of that city and also local people get
the right to work in that company. Company have to follow all the rules which is given by laws.
The processes which are followed in the company such be transparent. They monitor all the
fraud activity and take strict actions against those who are indulge in the fraud activities. Local
government also participates in the environment. They help company in creating awareness for
environment among the people. Company organise many programs in which they educate people
about how to protect the environment and local government give full support to the company in
doing that. Company also do social responsibility in which local government guide them how to
do that and where is the scope for doing social responsibility (Nene and Pillay, 2019). By doing

social responsibility trust of the public build for the company and the employees of the company
also work with their full efficiency because they that their work will contribute in the social
responsibility. They control the local market and control over the unfair business practices.
4. Approaches to management styles within the public sector
Management plays a vital role in the public sector. Without proper management and organisation
cannot reach towards success (Mansouri, Singh and Khan, 2018). Management is necessary to
manage all the activities in the organisation.
Autocratic management styles:
In Autocratic management styles decisions are made only by top level management people. They
do not involve employees in the decision making process. Kingfisher plc follow this style when
making complex decisions because that decisions require expertise which top level managers and
and decisions should be taken without consuming more time and this style is not a time
consuming.
Visionary management styles:
This management style can be inspirational or transformational sometimes. In this managers
focus on the vision of the company or that particular project. They give responsibilities to their
subordinates and do not involve in daily activities like autocratic style. These style believe in
motivation and increasing morale of the employees. Kingfisher plc follow this style when
focusing on particular project.
Transactional management style:
This management style use rewards system to motivate the employees in terms of incentives,
recognition, bonuses etc. kingfisher plc believes that by giving rewards will improve the
performance of the employees. In this annually or quarterly bonuses provided to the employees.
Motivation will increase the productivity of the employees (Kuhlmann and Bouckaert, 2016.).
This style believe that success of the organisation and motivation of the employees are dependent
on rewards. For short time they can be effective.
Democratic management style:
This management style is very effective. In this management involves their workforce in the
decision making process. Managers believe that employees should also have right to share their
views, ideas and opinions. Kingfisher plc says that by involving employees in the decision
making process is helpful for the company because company will get creative and innovative

ideas from the fresh talented employees and innovation is important nowadays because market is
demanding innovative products. Final decisions are taken by the manager only but they consider
employees ideas while making the decisions. Employees also feel that they are valued by the
company which increase their loyalty towards company.
Laissez faire management style:
This management style represents the freedom of employees. In this manager do not interfere in
the work of employees. Employees are allowing to do what they want and how they will
contribute in the company. In this managers build self-guided teams and involve only if there is
any major issue and involvement of managers is must. Managers participate in the start and end
of the project, in the beginning to give information of the project and how it should be carried
out and in the end to review the project and providing recommendations (Hawryszkiewycz and
Binsawad, 2016). Kingfisher plc uses this style to increase the creativity of the employees.
5.Concept of organisational behaviour
Organisational behaviour shows the human behaviour in the organisation. It shows the
relationship between organisation and human behaviour. Organisation measures both individual
performance and group performance. It sees the human behaviour in the office environment and
how it has impact on performance, routine, communication, capabilities etc. organisation
behaviour is directly concern with motivation. If the workforce is motivated, then he or she will
give their hundred percent in the job and which will increase their productivity also and
eventually help company to reach the objective or goals of the company. Communication is
another aspect of organisational behaviour. Gap in communication can create confusion and even
sometimes create conflicts and which can arise difficulty in achieving the organisational goal.
Kingfisher plc believe that company should also work on the work design. Employees should not
overburden with work. Company should help them to maintain work life balance. If their life is
balanced, then only they can work with full efficiency.
Organisational behaviour is an interdisciplinary approach (Dastaviz, 2017). Organisational
behaviour influences the people in the organisation. It understands employees. Organisation
should understand their employees. Their needs, wants and values etc should be consider.
Organisation behaviour makes the organisation to understand that how good leaders can develop.
Good leaders are very important for the team to achieve the team goals. Leaders plays a vital role
in motivating the team members. They make their team members understand about their role and

solve if they have any problems. This helps in developing good teams. Motivation help the
employees in increasing their productivity. Conflict resolution is the objective of organisational
behaviour. Kingfisher plc should have held meetings weekly or monthly for resolving the
conflicts. Conflicts are very bad for the organisation. In meetings managers can hear the
problems of their employees and can come up with the solutions. By doing this conflicts will
solve in less time. Organisational culture should be positive. It should encourage employees to
work hard. Company should also consider employees while taking any decisions for them this
will make employee feel that they are valued by the management. Organisational behaviour
helps to improve the skills of the people. If people build skills, then only they will perform better
for the company. For skill development company also provide training to their employees so that
new skills can be built or old skills can brush. Trainings given to new joinee or old employees
also. Organisational behaviour empowers people. It gives equality to everyone in the
organisation. It facilitates change and innovation, as innovation is very much require for survival
for long term in the market. It brings ethical behaviour in the organisation and business should
carry their activities by following ethics and not using unfair means to do the business (Chión,
Charles and Morales, 2019).
6. Relationship between motivation, organisational behaviour and reflection impacts on
performance in workplace
There is a direct relationship between motivation and performance of the workforce at the
workplace. Human resource is very important for all the organisation because without human
resource organisation cannot work and if employee will get motivation then he or she will work
with their full efficiency. The role of the manager is to guide their subordinates so that they can
contribute in achieving the goals of the organisation. Motivation will help the employees in
pushing their efforts. Motivation brings positivity among the employees.it charges the
employees. Motivation givers power to the employees internally which help in improving the
performance. If employees are demotivated, then it will affect their performance. Demotivation
will spread negativity in the employees and they will not give their full efforts in achieving the
objective of the company. Motivation increase the productivity in the workforce. It will also
reduce employee turnover. Employee will not plan to leave the job because they enjoy to work in
the organisation. Motivation facilitate employee to bring creative ideas and their creativity help
the company to achieve the objective (Banerjee and Srivastava, 2017).

Positive organisational behaviour also help employee in improving their performance.
Organisation behaviour include human behaviour and if human is motivated then it is good for
employees and companies as well. Motivation increase the customer and employee satisfaction.
Customer will satisfy if company will provide good customer services and that will also build the
brand value of the company and will help the company to increase the market share. Motivation
will help the company to provide good quality of products and services to the customers.
Company’s financial performance also get improved. Company can earn more revenue and that
will also help employee to grow and to earn more if company come up the rewards and
incentives scheme.
Employee will only get motivated if they are proud on their work and also enjoy working. If
employee will make work as burden, then their performance will never improve. Work attitude
should be positive and everyday employee should work with the fresh mind. Employee should
get security at their workplace which will create motivation among the employees. Employee
should get proper wages or salary for their work. They should get justified salary (Andrews and
et.al., 2020). If they are doing extra work, then they should get paid. If employee will be taken
care by the organisation, then that will increase the morale of the workforce. Reflection means
study experiences of your own to improve the way of working. If employee will improve then
that will increase the performance and will help the organisation in increasing profits. Reflection
will help in building strong efficiency which will give the success in future.
CONCLUSION
Through this report it can be concluded that kingfisher plc is public company and carry
out activity in such a manner to serve the society. Types of public sector organisational structure
are discussed. Culture which is applied in the organisational structure are also evaluated. Role of
central and local government on the public sector organisation. Management styles which are
applied on the public sector. in this complex decisions are taken by the top level management
only. Organisational behaviour are discussed in detail and also the relationship between
motivation, organisational behaviour and reflection on the performance of workforce are
accessed.

REFERENCES
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Impact and Linkage on Organization-A Review. International Journal of Civic
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organisational structure and technological infrastructure on process improvement
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