Organization and management

This article discusses the importance of managing change in the workplace and provides information about diversity, leadership styles, motivation, change management, and resistance to change. It also suggests using the ADKAR model and McKinsey 7-S framework for change management and motivational theories such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's two-factor theory, and Vroom's expectancy theory to enhance employee performance and productivity.

Running head: Organization and management
Organization and management

Organization and management
Table of Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................3
Answer 1......................................................................................................................................................3
Answer2......................................................................................................................................................4
Answer3......................................................................................................................................................6
Answer 4......................................................................................................................................................7
Answer 5......................................................................................................................................................7
Answer 6. Motivation and change management..........................................................................................9
Answer 7(A). Leadership and leadership decision making........................................................................11
Answer 7(B). Transactional and transformational leadership....................................................................12
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................14
References.................................................................................................................................................15
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Introduction
Managing change is one of the significant functions of HRM that helps in introducing the new
technology and resources in the workplace. A brief information about the diversity, leadership
styles, motivation, change management and diversity have been explained in the task. Further
detail of the task has been detailed below.
Answer 1
Change management assumes a critical part in the present focused world. Different theories have
been produced to oversee and handle the adjustments in the working environment. Lewin three
phases model is one of the powerful models and its steps are discussed below:
Unfreezing: It is the primary phase of Lewin’s model that embraces the adjustments in the work
environment. It incorporates enhancing and upgrading the preparation and ability of individuals
to change by creating and advancing an acknowledgment for moving from the current solace and
compelling zone to changed conditions.
Change: This is the second phase of change. At this stage, viable correspondence, watchful
arranging and inspiration are critical to achieve the objectives and destinations. The genuine
change is actualized under this stage.
Freeze: Under this stage, the general population move from the phase of progress to a
considerably more steady state which individuals can view as the condition of harmony (Šuc,
Prokosch & Ganslandt, 2009).
The four drivers of change can be connected to Billy's Awesome Seafood Company are
following:
Technology change: Technology would be assumed a noteworthy part in Billy's Awesome
Seafood Company. On the off chance that Billy's Awesome Seafood Company utilizes new and
propelled innovation then the organization can decrease the grumblings and issues of the clients
in the focused Community administration and association advertise. It will likewise pull in and
hold a most extreme number of clients in the global advertising.
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Organization and management
Globalization: It is additionally one of the noteworthy and one of kind drivers of progress that
can be connected in Billy's Awesome Seafood Company. This drive will assist the firm with
increasing the creation and productivity and it additionally expands customer requests, needs and
necessities in developing business sector internationally. As globalization builds, the
organization can set the business activities in different nations.
Knowledge management: Billy's Awesome Seafood Company needs to give preparing to the
laborers to improve and increment the execution and results successfully. Keeping information
representatives impetus and propelled by both the extraneous and characteristic means would
make organization reevaluate and change their points of interest and remuneration strategies
inside the association (Anderson & Anderson, 2010).
Social media: Social media is one of the imperative stages for the organization to embrace the
adjustments in the worldwide market. The online networking stages are being used for Billy's
Awesome Seafood Company to oversee and handle the abundant of administrative changes in
the commercial center (Thompson & Martin, 2010).
The three of the controlling powers against change is discussed below:
Uncertainty: The representatives may oppose change since they are stressed over how their
function and lives would be impacted by the proposed change. Accordingly, it makes some
potential and compelling vulnerability in the working environment.
Group resistance: Groups set standards and benchmarks of execution and conduct that are
imparted to bunch individuals. This correspondence defines the limits of expected practices and
activities. Sometimes, group members are unable to accept the changes due to lack of proper
communication and confidence.
Dependence: Dependency on the others can prompt protection from change inside the
association. The firm needs to center around these elements to remain in the aggressive market.
Answer2
1. Match the person to the job-
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Organization and management
One of the considerable time issues is designating the work to a person who is not competent or
compatible for that work. The main precise indicator of future execution is past execution. It is
out of the line to expect an employee who has not completed an assignment before to do it now
at an adequate level of satisfaction.
2. Agree on what is to be done-
When people have chosen the opportune individual for the activity, take the time talk about the
activity with that individual and concur upon what must be finished. The additional time
employees take to examine and concur upon the final product or objective, and accomplish
supreme lucidity, the quicker the activity will be done once the individual begins on it.
3. Explain how the job should be done-
Disclose to the individual favored approach or strategy for working. Clarify how an employee
might want to see the activity done, and how an employee or another person has done it
effectively before.
4. Have him feed it back-
The fourth step is that employer should request the individual to feed their directions back to
according to his or her view. This is the main way that employee can make certain that the other
individual really comprehends the activity or task that they have been appointed to achieve it
(Jeston, 2014).
5. Set a deadline-
Set a due date and a calendar for the finish of the assignment. In the meantime, manage for the
daily reporting and examination. Welcome input and inquiries if there are any postponements or
issues.
6. Manage by exception-
Oversee by the special case at whatever point conceivable. Overseeing by the special case is a
ground-breaking time administration instrument that people can use to work all the more
effectively with other individuals (Lines, Sullivan, Smithwick & Mischung, 2015).
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Answer3
Team Leadership
Keeping up of gatherings is the essential capacity of the organization to develop and extend the
business activities universally. To keep up the coordination and collaboration, advancement of
the cooperation is fundamental in the association. As per Tuckman's, there are 5 phases of
gathering improvement that are discussed below.
Forming: Individual relationships are classified by dependence on this stage. The shaping stage
demonstrates a period where the gathering individuals are simply beginning to meet up and are
ordered with vulnerability and nervousness. The gathering individuals are mindful of their
conduct that is done by the craving to be acknowledged by every one of the individuals from the
gathering.
Storming: It is the second stage that aides in assemble advancement and development. The
raging stage is the place rivalry and struggle is at its most elevated. The raging stage is the place
the more predominant of the gathering part rise while some different less angry individuals
remain in the security and solace of smothering their feelings and sentiments as they did in the
past stage. The reasonable course is given by the administrators and best administration by
utilizing this stage.
Norming: This stage can be clarified as the standards, conduct, techniques, principles, and
directions went along in the organization. By utilizing this stage, the pioneers inspire the
specialists to play out the undertaking with all the more viable and productively. Also, endeavors
and estimation are taken to alleviate the issues and issues of the gathering individuals and
accomplish the certainty and concordance of the specialists.
Performing: The Interpersonal structure is made by the organization at this stage. The part and
undertakings of the individuals turn out to be more successful and adaptable in the firm.
Adjourning: It is the last phase of the gathering advancement that assumes a first part in the
association. Dismissing incorporates the end of the error conduct and separation from
connections. For the most part, this stage is encouraged the errand end and separation process.
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Answer 4
It has been found from the different examination that adequate parts are played by the employees
while leading business exercises and activities all inclusive. The three roles such as group task
role, group maintenance role and self oriented role. The task role is centered on the satisfying the
objectives and goals of the gatherings inside the association. It will likewise urge to maintain the
business viable and productively. Then again, maintenance roles are boosting and building a
relational relationship and it likewise helps in keeping up concordance in the work environment
(Dörnyei & Ushioda, 2009). Moreover, self-oriented team helps in keeping bunch from
achieving objectives and targets. It likewise makes aggravation in the working environment.
After the various researchers, it has been noticed that gathering support parts are huge when
contrasted with different parts. The group maintenance roles give a privilege and fitting directly
to the laborers to address the adequacy of issues and difficulties inside the association. The group
maintenance team also helps in keeping up a great and solid association with employees in the
working environment. It will likewise help in satisfying the relational needs and prerequisites of
the gathering individuals.
Aside from this, future dangers and issues can be estimated with the help of group maintenance
role (van Ginkel & van Knippenberg, 2012). The company can use group maintenance role
within the organization to collaborate and cooperate with team members in the workplace. Aside
this, it also helps gaining rivalries benefits in the international market.
Answer 5
Resistance to change
A.
Fear of the unknown: It is one of the critical purposes of protection from change is a dread of
the obscure. They feel that they can't acknowledge the progressions successfully and
productively.
Poor communication: It likewise influences the productivity and advance of the firm adversely.
It has been discovered that best administration and pioneers are neglected to keep up appropriate
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correspondence and participation with representatives. In this way, it might impact the capacities
and capability of the specialists antagonistically (Ford, Ford & D'Amelio, 2008).
Misunderstanding about the need for change: If the workers do not comprehend the
requirement for change at that point individuals can expect obstruction. Moreover,
representatives don't put stock in current innovations and process in this manner they do change
the innovation and process inside the association (Kottler & Englar-Carlson, 2014).
Low trust: Lack of inspiration, certainty, and trust likewise influence the change administration
process antagonistically. At the point when representatives don't trust that they or the firm can
ably deal with the change, there is a prone to be opposition. Every one of these elements
influences the change administration process antagonistically ( Pieterse, Caniëls & Homan,
2012).
In the case study, the CEO needs to utilize ADKAR model or theory to deal with the adjustments
in the working environment.
ADKAR model: ADKAR theory of progress is an objective arranged apparatus which makes it
feasible for the plentiful of progress administration groups to screen on those activities and steps
that are specifically interconnected to the targets or objectives it needs to reach to. This model
can be utilized by CEO to offer help and help to specialists to experience the method of progress
or progressing when the change administration is occurring. This model likewise supportive in
dealing with the opposition which appeared by the specialists towards change. ADKAR model
remains for mindfulness, want, information, capacity, and support. This model gives the ability
of evaluation and recognizable proof of the causes why change made are not working and why
long haul wanted objectives and yields are being gained.
B.
Education and communication: Good and successful correspondence can be upheld via
preparing and different types of training. Compelling instruction and preparing are ought to be
given to the laborers to address and handle the protection from a change in the work
environment. With the assistance of this approach, specialists will have a superior
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Organization and management
comprehension of the target of the change procedure or technique and they will be more
disposed to be agreeable.
Negotiation: It is one of the huge ways to deal with manage protection from change within the
association. At the point when specialists, for instance, lose power or works amid the change
methodology, it is noteworthy to keep them energized and roused. Offering motivators and
reward can be a choice to persuade and move the specialists to embrace the administrative
change (Dörnyei & Ushioda, 2009).
C
Drawbacks
Education and communication: It is a tedious and expensive approach that could influence the
outputs of the firm.
Negotiation: Less adaptability is one of the greatest disadvantages of transaction approach. It
may have a coordinate effect on the proficiency and adequacy of the specialists (Turner, 2008).
Answer 6. Motivation and change management
A.It has been found from the various analysis that Air New Zealand CEO can initiate the
managerial changes for plenty of reasons, some of the significant causes through which the
company wants to implement the changes are discussed below (Procter, 2014).
Reaction to external and internal pressure: It is noted that external pressure come from
various areas such as changing government regulations, competition, financial markets and some
other external factors. The change management is significant to deal and handle the pressure
related to external and internal factors (Bass & Bass, 2009).
Planned abandonment: It is analyzed that changes as a output of abandoning declining
products, subsidiaries and markets to gain new and innovative opportunities.
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New and innovative technology: It is significant reason behind the implementation of change
management in the workplace. Change management helps in identifying and analyzing the new
technology and methods in the global market.
Ample of theories can be used by Air New Zealand Company while conducting the business
activities and functions effectively and successfully. McKinsey 7-S framework can be used by
the company to use and initiate the ample of changes in the company. This framework is great
and unique for analyzing and determining how company is coherent (Yukl, 2013). This theory
includes strategy, systems, structure, shared values, staff, style and skills. McKinsey 7-S model
is created and designed by watching and identifying the past performance and productivity of the
company as well as organization. Along this side, this approach also focuses on the step by step
expansion of the firm. By using this model, the company has been able to reduce and enhance
the challenges of the market (Mulholland, 2017).
B.The two theories of motivation that can be applied in the case study have been detailed below.
Maslow theory: This theory is propounded by Abraham Maslow in 1943. It is one of the biggest
theories of motivation that can be used by the company to motivate the workers in a large extent.
The Maslow theory consists of 5 levels. The physiology needs include water, food shelter. Safety
level include health, well being, personal and financial security. Love and belonging is the third
of level of Maslow theory that includes family, relationship and need for friendships. Along with
this esteem includes respect and confidence of the people. Self actualization is the largest level to
fulfill the needs and requirements of the customers. This theory helps the company to provide
flexible working hours to the employees for encouraging and boosting their performance and
efficiency as well (Sadri & Bowen, 2011).
McClelland need theory: It is another well known theory based on theory of motivation. This
theory is based on the three factors such as need for achievement, need for power and need for
affiliation. The need for achievement is required to inspire the workers and to accomplish the
long term mission and vision in the marketplace. On the other hand, the need for power is
concerned with making an effective and unique dynamic in the international market. It will help
in maintaining a cross cultural relationship between follower and leaders as well. In addition, the
need for affiliation may be defined as a desire to set and maintain warm and friendly relationship
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with the employees. This theory is quite similar to the Maslow’s social needs and requirements
(Hertz, 2018).
C.There are enormous ways to motivate and promote the subordinates for doing work in a hassle
free manner are discussed below.
 The company should motivate the individuals rather than the team. It helps in ensuring
that every person is working towards the achievement of common goals and objectives.
 Motivate employees by creating a positive working environment in the workplace. The
strong and unique culture also helps in eliminating the issues and conflicts at the
workplace (Micheli & Manzoni, 2010).
 Celebrate worker achievements through the various star performer awards. If the
company provides reorganization to the workers then it will help in gaining rivalries
benefits in the global market.
 Increase and enhance the motivation and encouragement by rendering incentives, bonus
and some other benefits to work toward. The organization needs to create a individual
incentives for each and every person
 Share profit is another biggest and unique technique to encourage the workers for
performing roles and responsibilities effectively (Fullan, 2014).
D.Yes, I believed that motivation plays a vital and significant role in international market. No
company can grow and survive its business activities and operations without using the
motivational approaches and theories.
Answer 7(A). Leadership and leadership decision making
It is noted that normative leadership model is quite effective and unique in today’s competitive
world. This model helps the leaders in evaluating and determining such influential situational
elements that consist direct impact on the extent to which managers must include followers and
employers for specific causes (Juntunen, Jalonen & Luukkainen, 2013). There are five level of
normative leadership style that is detailed below.
Autocratic (I): It is analyzed that managers solves and handles the issues and obstacles to make
unique and effective decisions by using plenty of information in the competitive market.
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Organization and management
Autocratic (II): It is the second level of normative leadership model. The managers or leaders
get information, data and facts from the employees without including them in decision making
process.
Consultative (I): It has been noted that managers and leaders should share the information,
facts, data and resources with workers Thus, it helps in taking scientific decisions without the
involvement of the workers.
Consultative (II): The leaders and managers get suggestion or recommendations from the
workers through preparing a group where decisions can be taken by the HRM.
Group(II). The managers share the problems and ideas with a group of individual and ask their
different opinion, views and solutions to resolve the issues and problems (Fryer, 2011).
Answer 7(B). Transactional and transformational leadership
The disadvantages of the transactional leadership style that could be entertained by the company
are includes the following:
 The transactional leaders and unique corporate structure that provide support them are not
flexible and unique that can frustrate the followers who enjoy an effective environment
that also promotes the innovative ideas and individual motivation (Briscoe, Tarique &
Schuler, 2012).
 Transactional leaders are considered the insensitive by those who work perform for them.
Lack of motivation is another weakness of transactional leadership style.
 Creativity will suffer also may influence the ideas and opinion of the leaders and
employees as well. If workers would not be able to give the freedom to bring creative
solutions hence it can affect the outcomes and productivity of the employees adversely
(Tyssen, Wald and Spieth, 2013).
B.Zed manager can use transformation leadership style within the organization to encourage the
employees. Some of the benefits or advantages of the transformational leadership are discussed
below.
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Organization and management
 The transformational leadership style helps the Zed manager to retain and attract
maximum number of employees in the global market (Hallinger, 2011).
 A good and unique transformational leader has broad and wider visions for the
organization’s future and those missions and vision can become the instrumental in firm
planning (McCleskey, 2014).
 The transformational leaders also help in encouraging and motivating the workers for
carrying out the business activities and actions effectively and efficiently.
Geat man theory can be initiated by the firm to analyze and evaluate the performance of the
workers. This theory can provide ample of growth opportunities to the workers for making a
good future in the international market.
C.The Zed managers should provide confidence, loyalty and motivation to the workers. The four
points to boost the transformational leadership style are disused below.
 The transformational leadership helps in fostering and developing innovation and along
with this it also helps in enhancing and improving the skills, experience, talents, potential
and knowledge of the subordinates (Steers, Sanchez-Runde & Nardon, 2012).
 It is responsibility of the company to develop and built personalize leadership style to
inspire the leaders within the organization.
 Faster and unique creativeness is also encouraged by the workers to accomplish the
desired goals and objectives.
 Along with this, leaders should guide and assist the workers in an effective way (Onjure,
Wanyoike and Mungatu, 2018).
In this way, the firm can develop and enhance the uniqueness and effectiveness in the global
market. By using transformational style, the employee has been able to make unique and
effective financial position in the global market. Social and behavior theory can be applied by
Zed managers to assist and guide the workers effectively and successful. This theory focuses on
the quality and pricing of the products in the competitive market. By using this strategy, the
organization has been able to reduce the negative impact of environmental factors and personal
factors (Greene, 2017).
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Conclusion
The report concludes that leadership, management, management change, and workplace diversity
play a significant role in each and every company. Here is the discussion about the various
theories and approaches related to motivation and leadership. An organization cannot attain
success and growth without using effective leadership styles within the organization.
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