Principles of Health and Social Care Practice: A Comprehensive Guide

This comprehensive guide explores the fundamental principles of health and social care practice, examining key concepts such as support, protection, ethical dilemmas, and inter-professional working. Using a case study of Fleetwood Hall Home, a care home for older people, the guide analyzes the application of these principles in a real-world setting. It delves into relevant legislation, policies, and codes of practice, highlighting their impact on organizational policy and practice. The guide also examines the theories underpinning health and social care practice, including human development and social processes, and evaluates the effectiveness of inter-professional working. Finally, it provides recommendations for developing contributions to meeting good practice requirements.

PRINCIPLES OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE PRACTICE

Table of Contents
Introduction.....................................................................................................................................2
LO1...................................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Explain how principles of support are applied to ensure that individuals are cared for in
health and social care practice....................................................................................................3
1.2 Outline the procedure for protecting clients, patients, and colleagues from harm.............5
1.3 Analysis of the benefit of following a person-centred approach with users of health and
social care services......................................................................................................................7
1.4 Explain ethical dilemmas and conflict that may arise when providing care, support and
protection to users of health and social care services................................................................9
LO2.................................................................................................................................................11
2.1 Explain the implementation of policies, legislation, regulations and codes of practice that
are relevant to own work in health and social care..................................................................11
2.2 Explain how local policies and procedures can be developed in accordance with national
and policy requirements............................................................................................................13
2.3 Evaluate the impact of policy, legislation, regulation, and codes of practice on
organizational policy and practice.............................................................................................14
LO3.................................................................................................................................................15
3.1 Explain the theories that underpin health and social care practice....................................15
3.2 Analyze how social processes impact on users of health and social care services.............16
3.3 Evaluate the effectiveness of inter-professional working...................................................17
LO4.................................................................................................................................................19
4.1 Explain own role, responsibilities, accountabilities and duties in the context of working
with those within and outside the health and social care workplace.......................................19
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4.2 Evaluate own contribution to the development and implementation of health and social
care organizational policy..........................................................................................................20
4.3 Make recommendations to develop own contributions to meeting good practice
requirements.............................................................................................................................21
Conclusion......................................................................................................................................22
References.....................................................................................................................................23
2

Introduction
The health and social care department has been divided into many parts and segments in order
to provide better treatment to the patients and to satisfy their needs. All these segments have a
common philosophy and aim of caring the patients and providing them health facilities in the
best way. The government has made some legislation and laws in order to deal with the harm
and abuse of the people related to the health and social care department. This legislation and
laws are known as the principles of health and social care. Here, a case study of Fleetwood Hall
Home has been taken into consideration which is care home and providing 24-hour residential
care for the older people. The residents of this home can take part in various organized
activities like the birthday parties, seasonal events, gardening clubs and taking a walk to the
seafront. Those residents who are green-fingered can enjoy the gardens of the Hall Home and a
perfect environment is also creating for treating the patients.
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LO1
1.1 Explain how principles of support are applied to ensure that individuals
are cared for in health and social care practice
Fleetwood hall home is proving health and social care services to different people, and there
are certain principles of support that will ensure that the individuals care properly at the home.
For this, various rules and regulations are followed by the management staff of the home in
order to ensure the effective working of their employees. Following are some of the principle of
support at the home which is associated with the changing environment which is for the benefit
of the people and also helpful for them to achieve their goals (Glasby, 2017):
 The Fleetwood hall home is promoting effective communication and believes in building
a good relationship with the patients and the employees.
 The home is also promoting anti-discriminatory practices that are the reason of
environmental conflicts in some of the other health and social care groups.
 The patient’s information is secured from the outsiders; hence the home is also
marinating confidentiality of patient’s information.
 The Fleetwood hall home is in support and also promoting the rights of individuals like
empowerment, safety, independence and right to choose.
Apart from all this, the nursing home also believes in working with the person-centred
approaches in which all the needs and demands of the patients are served at the highest
priority as he/she is the only one who is placed at the centre. All these principles are helpful in
meeting the objectives of the Fleetwood hall home and also help it to make a benchmark.
There are various laws, like the Equality Act 2010 and Anti-discrimination Act 1998 is the one
that is adopted by the home to promote and support the rights of the individual. All these acts
are helpful for both the services users and the caretakers of the home.
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The home is also providing an interactive environment to the individuals so that they can share
their problems with each other. The one who has an issue, communicate the problem with the
other individuals in the form of a message and then a response is provided to them back in the
form of a feedback (Glasby, 2017). New technologies are also helpful in making the individuals
able to make their own practice charters.
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1.2 Outline the procedure for protecting clients, patients, and colleagues from
harm
Harm, in health and social care department, can be defined as an activity or procedure through
a physical or mental injury or damage is given to an individual by the other. On the other hand,
abuse can be defined as the use or treat in such a way as to cause damage or harm i.e.
humiliating the individual’s rights in an appropriate manner. The Fleetwood hall home is
accommodating approximately 53 people in three different units.
RIDDOR implementation
There are many people in the home, who are suffering from mental health problems and other
physical illness and they are getting served and the number of these people are approximately
33. For protecting the patients and employees of the home, there are various measures that
can be adopted by the home that is under the Health and Social Care Act 2008. The two main
effective measures that can be taken into consideration are protective measures and services
for the users in case of harm and abuse, and the other one is safeguarding the people (Almgren,
2017).
Service users’ and environment’s risk evaluation and assessment are done at regular intervals
at the Fleetwood Hall home.
People’s protection can be assured in the home by minimizing different risks factors and by
organizing various safeguarding activities. Different training and induction programs are helpful
in treating the people who are facing different abuse and harm. These programs will be helpful
in making them aware of their rights and in developing knowledge in them about these rights
that are to be taken into consideration while working.
Regular training
The clients at the home can be protected from harm and abuse by different measures and
training is one of them, because it includes certain practice codes and regulation that have to
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be followed. Hence, all the rules and regulations are helpful in protecting the patients from
getting harm and being abused and they are listed under the Regulation manual 1992,
amended in the year 2000.
 Effective training has to be provided.
 In order to maintain the personal hygiene, some health and social standards have to be
stated.
 Need to report about the harm and abuse for avoiding the risk of injury, health and
safety act, 1974.
 Need to follow the risk assessment’s measures and all the responsibilities that are
responsible for reducing the dangers.
 Acts like Disability discrimination (1995) and COSHH are needed to be adopted.
 By providing right services, medication and dosage to the users, the risks of service
users can be minimized according to the Medicine Act, 1968.
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1.3 Analysis of the benefit of following a person-centred approach with users
of health and social care services
The person-centred approach is allowing the consumers and their carers to have better control
over their own lives and this can be done by permitting them to make their own choices
(Whittington et al. 2015). The Fleetwood hill one is also adopting this approach and making the
consumers to choose the types of care and services that they want at the home and also the
way in which they are to be delivered.
Following are the benefits of person-centred approaches with the users that are related to the
health and social services (Seward and White, 2017):
Intrinsic users:
 Employees
 Heightened life skills
 Heightened self-esteem
 Heightened job satisfaction
 Better career opportunities.
 Agencies
 Less staff turnover
 Less client/resident turnover
 Increase quality care
 Individuals
 Increased satisfaction
 Increased social connection and relations with others
 Caregivers
 Increased financial support
 Increased security and peace of mind
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Extrinsic users:
 Marketing
 Propelling agencies into new partnerships
 Donors
 Attractive model to support emotionally and financially
Various aspects that is associated with the person-centred approach like respecting the values
of different people and giving preference to their needs and demands first. It is also important
to make them feel secure and safe at the home and to support them emotionally and
physically. Provide them appropriate care at the time of need will be effective to make them fell
prioritized.
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1.4 Explain ethical dilemmas and conflict that may arise when providing care,
support and protection to users of health and social care services
Ethical dilemmas can be defined as the imperative situations where the moral choice between
equally undesirable alternatives or conflicts in moral codes has to be made in a particular
situation and issue; where any of the choices will violate some aspects of the code (Wachs,
2018). Ethical frameworks are associated with different service users in the Fleetwood hill
home.
The case of Mrs Y/Z
Here the case of Mrs Y and Z is taken into consideration to show that the old aged people are
relatively being fuzzy.
The women residents at the Fleetwood hill home do not feel safe and secure as they are
surrounded by the male and as a result, their mental conditions are also affected at a high rate.
Additional, a problem is also observed when both the women and men are sharing the same
bathrooms and lounge facilities at the home, which are opposed by the females, as they are not
getting comfort in this sharing. On the duty, the staff of the home is not reported at all the
times and from this, it can be observed that the staff of the home is not enough to minimize the
risk factors.
Apart from this, the home is also not having a proper arrangement and storage of medicines as
they are not monitored and administered properly; which is one of the biggest problems. The
discrepancies are not kept according to the basic principles of the Mental Capacity Act (2005).
Many of the residents are not fully satisfied with the facilities that are provided at the home
and services related to food are one of them.
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The Fleetwood hill home can react on small things that are hindering the performance of
services in the home and have to make extra efforts while serving the patients. The choices of
the patients have to be kept in mind in order to make them comfortable and can solve the
ethical dilemmas that are rising at the home (Moss, 2017). It is viable for a person to stay
hungry for a long period of time while he/she is facing critical health issues (Andrews et al.
2015). For example, the regulatory and restricted manner that they are following can be
presented by showing tantrums and throwing things.
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LO2
2.1 Explain the implementation of policies, legislation, regulations and codes
of practice that are relevant to own work in health and social care
All the policies that are associated with the home care services in the health and social care
sector are containing some policies, rules and regulations which are listed in the Equality Act
2010. These rules and policies are in consideration with the mental health and dementia
problems of the people in the Fleetwood care home.
The human rights in the home are related to the implementation of the Equality Act 2010.
Relevancy within the people of the home is protected as these rights are providing a proportion
of the BAME and other individuals (Dimond, 2016). Here is no discrimination against the people
of the home in context to the religion, caste, creed and culture and if someone is getting
discriminated he/she is protected under this act.
The health and social care (2008) and human right Act (1998) is helpful for those types of
people who want to live their life according to their beliefs and concerns and want to satisfy
their own needs. A clean and fresh environment has been maintained in the premises of the
hall home which avoid and control the causes of infection and these acts also provide
infection’s information to the visitors. These acts are also helpful in enabling the functions of
the social care services in improving their functions and services.
All the codes that are maintained under this act are helpful in carrying out regulated activities
by the women and other service providers (Mamic, 2017.). Under these acts, various services
like the ambulance for better transportation of services at the time of emergency are also
provided for the patients. Bone marrow, the supply of blood and tissues are also practised
under these acts.
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Apart from these regulations, the health and safety work act (1974) is focusing on the
controlling the people from harm and abuse, on the other hand, the case related to injuries are
recorded under the RIDDOR act (1995). The Fleetwood hill home’s staff is also observing and
ensuring that no children are involved in the social crimes. All the people who are mentally ill
due to any of the physical, emotional or sexual harassments are treated under the
Rehabilitation of Offenders Act (1974).
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2.2 Explain how local policies and procedures can be developed in accordance
with national and policy requirements
The policies like the Health and safety policy (1974) are helpful in developing a set of rules that
have to be followed in the Fleetwood hill home’s issues that are concerning with the harm of
people. In order to protect and control the ill effects of infection on the people are designed
under the Health and social care (2008). All the risk factors can be reduced by the appropriate
treatment of the patients and help them in protecting from harm and abuse. The old aged
people of the home have to be treated in the way they want and provided with high quality of
services at the home (Celi et al. 2017). The basic needs like the nutrition and medicines have to
be given in appropriate order and time. It is an effective way and manner in which the lives of
these patients can be measured i.e. by providing proper diet and equal rights to them. The
improvement in providing quality life can relate to the fee’s renewal for the people and also
ensures that the basic requirements are provided to the old-aged people (Blowers, 2017). The
community services can be expanded with the help of social and economic barriers and can also
minimize the discrimination cases that are occurring at the home.
Following are the five domains that are obtained from the quality first’s definition and are
helpful in protecting the patients from unnecessary instances:
 Proper medication in time
 Treating with equality and respect
 By enhancing the quality of life
 Association with ill health’s recovery
 Safety and security
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2.3 Evaluate the impact of policy, legislation, regulation, and codes of practice
on organizational policy and practice
All the policies and regulations that are associated with the Fleetwood hill hall is helpful in
providing the direct to the home when the managers are changed and all the social-carers are
meeting the time saving from the time problems. This all is about the Care Standard Act (2000).
The regulatory policies of the Safeguarding Vulnerable Group Act (2006) are helpful in
benefiting the working structure of the Fleetwood hill hall (Drummond et al. 2015). This is
helpful in marinating a proper balance between the working employees and when any of the
new people are introduced in the home. In order to protect and safeguard the vulnerable
adults from being abuse and harm, the No secret policy documents are introduced in the home.
The health and nutrition level in every organization is concerned by some of the national
policies in the health and social care department. Regular health camps and best possible
hygiene are to be maintained in the Fleetwood Hill Home, which is also helpful in safeguarding
the people from different types of harms and infections.
The Vulnerable Group is the one which is providing a large number of facilities and services to
the people and also encouraging them to work with other community services in the health and
social care department. These all policies, regulations and codes are helpful for an individual to
lead a respectful life.
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LO3
3.1 Explain the theories that underpin health and social care practice
Human development is the main concern of all, the theories that are being used by the
Fleetwood Hill Home. A better interaction is focused on the home so as the people can interact
at the time of stressful situation. All the essentials for making a better individual personality are
provided by the human development theories.
A series of stages are associated with the psychological development of the Erikson's stages and
they are from the starting stages to the present stages. There are eight stages in this
development model (McCormack and McCance, 2016). In every stage, the individual
experiences a psychosocial crisis which is having a positive or a negative outcome for
personality development of that individual. In Mrs Z's case, she is suffering from Alzheimer's
which presented that biological significance along with the sociocultural forces that are helpful
in characterizing the psychological forces of contradictory forces.
For example, there are different applications that are focused in the Fleetwood Hall Home, and
they are helpful in providing better survival services to the patients like Mrs Z. another example
can be considered as that of Mrs Y who is not able to walk and uses wheelchair for even a
normal walk and with the help of her behavioral practices, proper and clear timeframes and
quality care is provided to her at the home (Cameron et al. 2014). Here in both the cases, the
psychological development has played a major role in treating the patients. Therefore, by using
the development theory, the quality of care has helped the patient to walk properly.
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3.2 Analyze how social processes impact on users of health and social care
services
Social processes can be defined as those fundamental processes that network with the others
processes in different events that are continuously relative to the services. In the societal
activities, a meaningful participation has been provided by the social processes.
Social processes are the prevalence of the society and can be related to both the positive and
negative ways to it. Therefore, it can be concluded that spending time with the people is helpful
in cherishing the relations and their company is enjoyed by an individual (Edmonstone, 2017).
This is helpful in the Fleetwood hill home as there is always an interactive environment which is
helpful for the people to complete their duties on time.
For example, all the old-aged people and the children are the main focus of committing a crime.
Sometimes, the situations arise which have the most heinous acts as the old-aged people are
struggling with the criminal activities.
Some of the major impacts of social processes to the service users of the Fleetwood hill home
are poverty, unemployment, lack of education and so on. For example, the poverty problem is
leading to marginalization and isolation which is responsible for the ill-health of the individuals
and surroundings are the main reason for this illness. Hence, the lifestyles of different people
are impacted at the Fleetwood hall home, because the resources and goods are also lacking.
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3.3 Evaluate the effectiveness of inter-professional working
Inter-professional working can be defined as an interface through with people of different
disciplines work in a common personally workplace. The interaction level is based on both the
behaviour and skills that are developed in an individual. The effectiveness of services that are
provided to the users can be measured with the help of this strategy.
The effectiveness of inter-personal working
The Fleetwood hill home is using various policies related to the health and social care
department and as a result in many cases, creative solutions are provided to the critical
problems by the service users as they are having skills and abilities (Hagen, Hjelmeland and
Knizek, 2017). A proper livelihood can be settled down, as the people are now confident
enough in dealing the problems. For example, the residents who are living in the home started
earning money by completing different projects so that they can buy the services according to
their needs. These activities are helpful in living a self-sustained life in the home and with
dignity also.
Some aids of inter-personal working are:
 Different services are helpful in satisfying the users at the hall and also helpful in
improving the care home’s condition.
 It is helpful in achieving the set of objectives and goals of both the individuals and the
care home.
 With the help of professional measure, the patient's recovery is possible in the limited
time period.
Disadvantages:
 Conflicts are arising
 There is a feeling of dissatisfaction in the mind of service users.
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Therefore, in order to overcome these issues, a wide range of services are provided to the
patients. But on the other hand, they also create interference to the teamwork of the inter-
personal working. Such as, elders are treated badly and respected.
19

LO4
4.1 Explain own role, responsibilities, accountabilities and duties in the
context of working with those within and outside the health and social care
workplace
The General social care council (GSSC) has developed a code of practices for the social workers
that are enabling them to standardize the professional practices that are important for the daily
work and to maintain their respect and reputation at the workplace and to serve the patients at
the best.
There are many duties that are introduced to focus the cleanliness at the care home, such as
regular inspections are dome at the care home and proper training and handling of patients are
also focused (Minkman, 2016).
Every performance of caretakers is observed under the special departments. A quality
commission should also be there so that the quality check is also done at every situation in the
care home and as their absence can give rise to many problems. Following are some of the
actors that are influenced due to the individual’s responsibilities and roles and it is very
necessary to carry roles of all the individuals and to provide extra care to the patients at the
Fleetwood care home:
 Health and safety act (1974)
 Manual handling operation regulation (1992)
 Health and care standard act (2000)
20

4.2 Evaluate own contribution to the development and implementation of
health and social care organizational policy
Every member of the Fleetwood care home is playing a major part in the social, cultural and
economic development. It is the best way to perform the duties that are assigned at the
workplace and it is the best contribution to the organization. As a manager, it is my duty to
make and develop a proper connection between all the employees that are working in the care
home (Katkin et al. 2017). Extra efforts have to be given in coordinating with the special teams
so that any kind of abuse and harm can be controlled at the time of occurrence. Training and
development practices can also be introduced in the care home so the organizational policies
can be better understood by the working staff and then the managers at different levels need
to motivate them to adopt these policies.
Workshops are also arranged at the workplace so that the proper guidelines are provided to the
caretakers that are helpful to them while performing their duties. The accountability of
medicines and private details of the patients are not to be shared with the outsiders and this is
the major duty of the managers.
Hence, all the above ways are helpful in contributing and developing the policies of health and
social care at the Fleetwood care home.
21

4.3 Make recommendations to develop own contributions to meeting good
practice requirements.
Proactive approaches can be used to meet the requirements of good practices at the Fleetwood
care home and to avoid the emergency situations in the workplace. A regular update of quality
care has been to done by the managers of the care home and the storage of medicines and
other medical services have to be arranged in a proper way so that they can be delivered at the
time of time. Following are the certain requirements that are needed to be accessed in the
proper contribution of practices:
 Proper and regular training to the staff is to be provided.
 Protocols must be set to avoid the discrimination in the workplace.
 Creating a friendly environment so, that critical problem can be solved easily.
 Regular and proper check-ups of patients once in a month have to be arranged which
are suffering from mental illness.
 Rotational practices can be used in practice so the more skills can be developed.
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Conclusion
All the above recommendations are helpful in assuring that work practices are upgrading at the
workplace and a trustable environment is also created. They are also helpful in maintaining
sustainability among the people in this competitive world. The above study concludes that all
the theories, legislation and policies are important in carrying out the practices in every health
and social care home as it is described by the care of Mrs Y in the Fleetwood hall care. For the
proper management of services and resources and to avoid cases of harms and abuse, certain
acts have to be implemented at the social care homes which will increase its position in the
minds of people.
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