Human Resource Management: Functions and Purposes

This assignment provides a detailed overview of human resource management, including its core functions, such as work planning, resourcing, recruitment, selection, appointment, and training. It also discusses the best practices in human resource management, such as security to employees, selective hiring, self-managed teams, compensation, and training in relevant skills. The assignment is based on a case study of Jaguar Land Rover, highlighting its human resource management functions and purposes.

HUMAN RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO1..................................................................................................................................................3
P1. Purpose and function of Human resource management.......................................................3
P2. Strengths and weaknesses of various approaches for selection and recruitment..................5
LO2 ...............................................................................................................................................11
P3 Benefit of HRM practices for employer and employees.....................................................11
P 4 Effectiveness of HRM Practices in raising profit and productivity....................................12
LO3................................................................................................................................................13
P 5 Importance of employee relation in HRM decision-making..............................................13
P6 KEY ELEMENTS OF EMPLOYMENT LEGISLATION & ITS IMPACT ON HRM
DECISION MAKING...............................................................................................................14
LO4................................................................................................................................................16
P7. THE APPLICATION OF HRM PRACTICES IN A WORK RELATED CONTEXT
WITH SPECIFIC EXAMPLES................................................................................................16
Conclusion:....................................................................................................................................21
References......................................................................................................................................22

INTRODUCTION
Human resource management is a process of managing personnel in an organization in a
organized manner. HRM covers hiring right people, retaining best talent, performance
management, conducting exit interviews. This process involves developing people, conducting
training sessions for them, motivating them so they can become valuable for the organization.
This study includes the purposes and functions of HRM, various approaches to recruitment and
selection, advantages of HRM practices in an organization for employer and employee both and
effectiveness to these HRM practices. This study further adds about analysing the importance of
employee relation in regard to influencing HRM decision-making. The study also identify the
important part of employment legislation and its impact on HRM decision-making.
Jaguar Land Rover is a British based multinational company. It is an automotive company. It
was founded on 18th January 2008. The company has it headquarters in Whitley,Coventry, UK.
The CEO of the company is DR Ralf Speth. The company deals in luxury vehicles and sport
utility vehicles.
LO1
P1. Purpose and function of Human resource management.
Human resource management is refers as the practice of organizational management including
recruitment, selection, provide orientation and impart training and development and hiring the
employees who deserve for the company. This is often known as human resources(Ban field, and
et.al. 2018). It is the strategic approach to maintain the effective environment of management in
the organization. The main purpose of the human resource management is to increase the
employee performance to the highest level corresponding to role in the organization. The major
responsibility of HR manager is to recruit the new professionals that have skills necessary for
achieving the company's goal. Training and development also provide to the employees to meet
objective of the organization (Ban field, and et.al. 2018). .
The main objectives of human resource management is given below.
1. Organizational objectives: This is the objectives in which including hiring, recruiting, and get
provide training to the employee for the given task.

2. Personal objectives: It is that objectives in which it supports the employees personal goal like
allowance for education and career development as well as enhancing the job satisfaction to the
employee.(Ban field, and et.al. 2018)
3. Social objectives: Human resource always should be justified with the employees in terms of
all social, legal and ethical environmental issues. This is legal responsibilities for the HRM that
is equal opportunities and equal pay for same work(Berman, E.M. and et.al. 2019).
There are following functions of the Human resource management.
Job design : Human resource management create an opportunity for development of
organization. Here is Jaguar Land rover is British automotive multinational company also has
generate various job profile which is strategy of the company that will help to promote iconic
brands. (Cascio W.F. 2015).
Recruitment: The recruitment is the process of selecting, short-listing, and appoint that eligible
candidate who is suitable within the organization. Same as in the Jaguar Land rover prefer those
employees who are more efficient, productive and profitable for company. The human resource
of jaguar refers some major factor which is more important for the company before recruitment,
like searching, planning, screening and evaluation of candidate.(Cascio W.F. 2015). After this
process the HR manager can be selected as prompt employee for integrating the organization.
Compensation: Here the Land rover also pay compensation to the employee that may be because
of high contribution to firm Compensation is the reward for the employee who perform well in
the organization. It may consist cash reward such as wages, salary, incentives or commission.
The HRM of company provide bonus, profit sharing and stock option based on individual
performance of the employees. . This help in maintaining moral satisfaction of employee and
encouraging the peak performance The management of Jaguar Land rover has also introducing
employees benefits such as allowances (travelling, housing, meal)
Health and safety: The human resource manager has responsible for safety of the employees
within the organization(DeCenzo and et.al.2016).This typically refers to provide life insurance,
disability insurance. Jaguar Land rover has provided other leave advantage for their employees
like vacation pay, holiday pay, maternity leaves for women also contribute retirement pension

pay. Therefore, it is very essential responsibilities for the human resource to take care of their
employees works in the organization(DeCenzo and et.al.2016).
P2. Strengths and weaknesses of various approaches for selection and recruitment.
Bases Strength Weakness
Best Fit- This approach can be
used in order to specify
whether the strategies used by
organization is appropriate or
not.
 The strength of the best
fit is that it emphasis
the activities happens
by the human resource
management of the
Jaguar is appropriate
within the situation of
organization, include
its operational process,
culture and external
environment.(DeCenzo
and et.al. 2016)
 Jaguar Land rover is
less concern with the
best fit because it is
impossible to all
contingent variables
can be modelled.
(Nankervis, A.R and
et.al.2016).
 It is more difficulty to
showing
interconnection and
changes in one variable
impact on others as
well.
Best Practice- This approach
can be used in any situation
A number of lists of ‘best
practices’ have been produced,
the best known of which was
produced by Pfeffer namely: 1.
employment security;.
 The first practices in
the human resource is
the security of
employment. Jaguar
Land rover has been
provided employment
security which helps
retain their employee.
 The best practices can
not be change when
organizational strategy
change, it is so called
static policies hence its
not to made changes
unless there are major
adjustment to be made

selective hiring; self-managed
teams; high compensation
contingent on performance;
training to provide a skilled
and motivated workforce;
 The HR second best
practice is the selective
hiring
process(Nankervis,
A.R and et.al.2016).
 Jaguar has also
provided training and
development to their
employees and high
compensation and
benefits given to
employee that
encourages the work of
the employee.
within the organization.
Internal recruitment- It means
hiring candidates from within
organization. Like for example
Transfer, promotion etc.
 Internal recruitment of
the Jaguar land rover
company has
economically cheaper
which save the
expenditure of the
recruitment process.
Therefore, Jaguar has
become financially
strong.
 It is easier to promote
employee and reliable
for the company about
which already familiar
introduction
 organization.
 If the Jaguar Land
rover requires specific
skilled or qualified
employee for hiring
particular profile and if
desired candidate
absence in current pool
of company, then this
is not right process of
recruitment.
 No new ideas have
been introduced in the
Jaguar if no one come
from outside of the
company.
 Its process is to create
another vacancy which

. Increased morale and
retention. Other employees
see there is room for
advancement and reward
for a job well done.
Continuity of operations.
Chances are that an
internal employee can
transition into the new role
with minimal downtime.
Less paperwork. While
there will be some HR
forms to change, you won’t
necessarily have to issue
new passwords, keys,
insurance and tax
paperwork to get the
staffer up and running.
requires to be filled,
which is more
expensive phenomena
for the company.
 Potential animosity
among the ranks. If you
run a small operation
and promote one
person over another, it
can create discord in
the workplace that
affects everyone.
 Stagnation. If everyone
operates on the policy
of “That’s the way
we’ve always done
things,” you run the
risk of maintaining a
status quo that doesn’t
allow for new ideas or
direction. This can put
you at a competitive
disadvantage.
External recruitment  This process of
recruitment is the best
selection method which
brings innovative idea
and technology from
outside. The Jaguar
Land rover has also
 External recruitment
process is the long
process and more
expensive because it
needs to advertisement,
collection of
application, selections,

played this kind of
recruiting process.
(Noe, R.A and et.al.
2017).
 It gives big pool of
workers result in
increases the choice of
skilled and experienced
employee.
 Diversity in
employment found in
to the external
recruitment, it may be
of different
background, age,
gender and ethnicity
into the
workplace(Noe, R.A
and et.al. 2017).
screening, appointment
and then training and
development that
having requires
spending more the time
and money of the
Jaguar Land rover.
 New one is being
stranger with the
current employee and
profile of the company,
therefore there is need
to provide training and
development in
working hours of
company which get
adverse effect
productivity and
growth of company.

LO2
P3 Benefit of HRM practices for employer and employees
JOB DESIGN
Job Design is a context specifying the tasks, roles and responsibilities, qualification,
methods and relationships that are needed to accomplish the given task. Job Design includes the
elements of the given task and the pattern in which employees can interact, which satisfies both
organizational and social needs of the worker (Reiche and et.al., 2016) techniques of Job Design
such as 'Job Enlargement' and 'Job Enrichment' are preferred in Jaguar Land Rover . 'Job
Benefit to employees- Enlargement ' means adding more tasks to a given job to increase its
scope. It doesn't require new set of skills or abilities to perform the task. It is horizontal
expansion. 'Job Enrichment' means a vertical movement in tasks, duties , responsibilities and
power.
Benefit to employers- It includes challenging work and opportunity for individual growth. The
techniques are followed in the company as Job Enlargement helps to create interest in work and
reduces boredom, motivate employees, provide opportunity for personal development. Job
Enrichment improves productivity, reduce turnover rate, help in succession planning.
TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT
Training is an important part of the organization which focus on improving the
performance of individuals as well as teams. It includes sharpening the skills , concept, change in
behavior and gather more knowledge which helps in improving the performance of the
employee. Efficient training helps employee improve their skills and develop their knowledge
that eventually profits the company(Sparrow and et.al.,2016). Some training methods followed
by Jaguar Land Rover are coaching and role playing. Coaching supports training give employees
the knowledge and techniques that are needed to develop their skills , coaching helps employees
to apply them appropriately in their work. Role Playing allows a trainee to assume the task or
work and practice it by assuming it to be in real world.
PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT
Performance Management is a process that includes regular feedback of the work,
accountability of the work done and keeping their records for measuring further outcomes. It
helps the employees use their talents towards organizational objective. Performance
Management helps employees in motivating them and in improving their performance and they

even understand their job responsibility. It helps employer by letting him know the strengths and
weaknesses of his employees and then there can be fair administrative action. Jaguar Land Rover
regularly check on performance of their employees, and they have a tight check performance
appraisal.

FLEXIBLE WORKING
Flexible working is highly in demand. Businesses with not so flexible work environment
are missing the opportunity of employee retention and employee engagement. Flexible work
environment can create a pressure free surroundings for the employees, and they can work
suitably. It benefits employee’s ways like they won't feel demotivated, less tired, and it helps
employer in reducing employee turnover and employee engagement will increase.
P 4 Effectiveness of HRM Practices in raising profit and productivity
PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT
It involves regular check on employees' performance, providing him feedback according
to their work, they can hold accountable for their own work and finally keeping the records for
future evaluation. An effective performance management can help organization in achieving
their goals efficiently (Stewart and Brown, 2019). The Jaguar Land Rover has an effective
performance management system to keep a proper check on their employees. It has helped them
in gaining motivated employees, efficient employees as they are on regular check, increased
productivity as employees get feedback on the basis of their work, they can check where they
went wrong and can easily improve it. Helped in less employee turnover.
FLEXIBLE WORKING
Flexible working environment is a basic need of today's corporate world. Businesses
having flexible work environment are tended to retain more employees as compared to business
with less flexible environment. Employees tend to be more satisfied, more motivated, more
encouraging and satisfied employee will always work efficiently. So accordingly productivity
will increase and so the profit will increase. In Jaguar Land Rover the employees have so flexible
environment that they participate in different plans and strategy making, they are asked to get
involved in every kind of activity whether related to business or not. The company has retained
its best employees till date and even the new joining is also satisfied with the environment. It is
friendly and supportive according to their employees.
TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT
Training and development is an important and integral part of organization. Training is
given to any employee for enhancing their knowledge so that their skills can be improved and
help them in their working. At Jaguar Land Rover employees timely undergo training process

whether they are new employees or existing employees. This helped them in gaining skills and
abilities that help them grow further and apply them in their working and this improved their
productivity and decision-making and is profitable for the organizations.
JOB DESIGN
Job Design is a over view of the job, task, role and responsibilities, authority and power
which a employee possesses (Tarique and et.al., 2015). It is the boundary in which one has to
work. Employees responsibility lies within that boundary and same with their authority. A proper
job design can help employee in knowing what exact work one has to perform and so there will
be no duplication of work or wastage of resources. And if the resources are used wisely there
will be increase in productivity and hence will increase profits. At Jaguar Land Rover employees
has perfect knowledge about the work assigned to them and so the company is one of the leading
automotive company in the world. Like for example : A good job design enables a good job
feedback. Employees have the option to vary tasks as per their personal and social needs, habits
and circumstances in the workplace.
LO3
P 5 Importance of employee relation in HRM decision-making
Employee relation means having a balance in the relationship between employer-
employee. An organization having balanced employee-employer relation provides equal
treatment to every employee so the employees remain committed and loyal to the organization.
Such program helps in resolving the problems that came from situations faced at work place.
Employee relation make work easy and increase your productivity. Employees will always be
motivated if he surrounded by the people he can trust on. A healthy employee relation will
decrease the conflicts and disputes between individuals. Less employee absenteeism if a
balanced employee relation prevails in the organization.
Trade Unions are the associations by workers who wants to prevent their interest and
improve their pay and working conditions. Trade unions play an important role as they work
with employee and help to solve their labor problems , they act as the intermediary between
employer and employee. They try to balance the situation by giving solutions to both the parties.
One of the important role of trade unions is collective bargaining which helping in securing fair
wages, working hours. Process involves negotiation between representatives of employer-
employee and union officials.

Employee relation influence the working conditions as if there is balanced relation
between employer-employee it will automatically create a healthy work environment to work
and employees will be happy and satisfied (Cascio, 2015). And opposite if the employee
relations are not so good, employee will feel dis satisfied and demotivated and this affect their
working to. Employee relation will influence the job specifications also as if there is good
communication between the two, employee will be cleared about the job specifications, the role
and responsibilities and about the authority.
HR Department of Jaguar Land Rover has maintained a healthy employee relations, and
they have become the biggest strength of the company making it one of the top leading
automotive company in the world. The decision regarding anything is taken with considering
employees views as well. So this helped the company in making best decisions that are fulfilling
organization's objective with employee objective.
P6 KEY ELEMENTS OF EMPLOYMENT LEGISLATION & ITS IMPACT ON HRM
DECISION MAKING
There are certain elements of employment laws that are very important that the HR manager
should know while making HRM decisions in the Jaguar Land Rover and it is the duty of HR
manager to train regarding the laws and to ensure that it is being followed by the Jaguar Land
Rover. The elements that include in this law are generally regarding discrimination, health and
safety, labour and equal employment etc. that can have impact on HRM decision-making.
Health and safety act 1974:- This act came into existence in 1974. The aim of this act is to
protect the workers or employees from the risks that can occur while working that can affect
their health and as well as to ensure the security from the risks and to safeguard the employees of
Jaguar Land Rover. It is necessary that HR management of Jaguar Land Rover must have the
certification done of all the equipment’s used in the work area that are dangerous, can cause
death as well as HR management should give the exact information regarding the usage of the
equipment as to protect the employees.

The impact of this act on Jaguar Land Rover decision-making is that the HR department assess
the risk by reducing it effectively, by taking the investigation on the weekly basis to check the
proper working of machines through samplings, updating the knowledge of working regarding
health and safety for not affecting the employees.
Discrimination law 1974- Discrimination Act is a part of Equality and Diversity Act which
came into existence in October 2010 which protects against following:- treating unfavourably
with workers, discrimination among workers, harassment and torturing physically challenged
persons, against religion, sex, age etc. this act is followed by Jaguar Land Rover (Banfield and
et.al., 2018).
This act has positive impact on Jaguar Land Rover decision-making related to HRM by
providing chances to every employee equally without any direct or indirect harassment, by
making the policies for the employees which includes firstly, encouraging all the employees to
remove the unlawful things completely. Secondly by providing equal chance to every employees
working in Jaguar Land Rover and at last by giving respect and honour to the values and beliefs
of every employee working in the organisation.
Equal pay act 2010:- This act of UK came into existence in the year 1970 in order to eliminate
the differences regarding the gender regarding wages among employees in the organisation. This
act says that it is the right of the individual to get equal payment who are working in the same
organisation and at the same time every employee should get the same benefits that is incentives,
considerations. According to this act any discrimination regarding the gender regarding wages is
against the law (.Berman and et.al.,2019).
This act is followed by Jaguar Land Rover and had a positive impact regarding the decision-
making of HRM is that firstly, Jaguar increased the number of women working since 2014
secondly it recruited more than 55% of the women by introducing the apprentice programmes
this has result to promotion of women in 2017.
LO4
P7. THE APPLICATION OF HRM PRACTICES IN A WORK RELATED CONTEXT WITH
SPECIFIC EXAMPLES
Job description

Job Title Human resource manager
Reports to CEO of Jaguar Land Rover
Roles & Responsibilities Recruitment, Training and Development, employee relation
Qualification Masters in HR management, Masters in HR development
Title of the job Human resource assistant
Date: 1/03/2019
Qualification required Essential Desirable Met
Masters in HR
management
Masters in HR
development Yes
Yes
Need of Experience
At least 2 years of
experience in HR
recruitment and
Yes

Training and
development
Personal characteristics
& conduct
1. Good
communication skills
2. Leadership
qualities
3. Good
presentation skills
4. Qualities of -
problem solving
Yes
Yes
Roles and
Responsibilities
Recruitment
Training and
Development
Employee relation
Yes

Yes
CV
Name:- George Clinton
Email address:- George.c@.outluk.com
Contact details: ±44566556656
Educational Qualifications
Completed bachelors in commerce in 2012
MBA in human resource management in 2015
Work Experience
3 years of experience from Nissan UK
Key Skills
Time management skills, good communication, problem solving skills, decision-making skills
Nicholas Brown
52, London street
[e-mail]
[phone]
Objective

I want to work in such a company where I can explore various opportunities
Educational qualification
MBA in Human resource management from Manchester University
Graduation in Business administration from St. Edinburg College
Achievements
Held employee of the year in year 2013
Scholar and topper in Manchester University
Experience
8 years of experience as a HR in Maruti Suzuki
Skills
Time management, decision making, problem solving and proficient in communication skill.
Offer letter
Dear Mr. George Clinton
Jaguar Land rover is pleased to offer you the position of Human resource manager. Your
qualification, skill, and experience will be ideally fit for our requirement. We are looking
forward to welcoming you to join Jaguar Land rover. As per discussion in the personal
interview you're starting salary is 45000 per month including tax. The PF and other allowances
is also deducted from your gross salary.
If you accept this job offer then please acknowledge me. We will forward to you some
employment form, handbook in which cover all benefit plans for employees in detail.
If you have any queries then I can provide more information regarding joining.
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS ASKED BY HR MANAGER OF JAGUAR LAND ROVER
1. Why do you want to join our organisation?
2. Why should we hire you in our organisation?
3. What are the skills have you gained while working in Nissan company?
4. Why you left the previous organisation?
5. Where do you see yourself after 5 years?

Conclusion:
From the above studies, it has been summarized that various functions and purposes of human
resource management that is applicable to work planning and resourcing to organization that is
the Jaguar Land rover. The human resource management is the central pillar of any organization.
It has been take major responsibilities in both internal and external recruitment like
advertisement, collecting applications, selecting, short listing, appointment and training and
development. The best practice is generally proposed in the human resource management like
security to employee, selective hiring, self managed team, compensation, training in relevant
skills. In the above discussion, it has been covered the strength and weaknesses of various
approaches for recruitment and selection of employees. Human resource management has
resolved the conflict among the different personalities, work ethic and lifestyle. It has provided
training and development which improves the employees' performance result in increasing
employees' satisfaction.

References
Books and Journals
Banfield, P.and et.al., 2018. Introduction to human resource management. Oxford University
Press.
Berman, E.M.and et.al.,2019. Human resource management in public service: Paradoxes,
processes, and problems. CQ Press.
Cascio, W.F., 2015. Managing human resources. McGraw-Hill.
DeCenzo.and et.al., 2016. Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, Binder Ready
Version. John Wiley & Sons.
John, R. and Taylor, B., 2016. Human resource management.
Nankervis, A.R.and et.al., 2016. Human resource management: strategy and practice. Cengage
AU.
Noe, R.A.and et.al., 2017. Human resource management: Gaining a competitive advantage. New
York.NY: McGraw-Hill Education.
Noe, R.A.and et.al.,2015. Human resources management. Instructor, 2015.
Reiche, B.S.and et.al., 2016. Readings and cases in international human resource management.
Taylor & Francis.
Sparrow, P.and et.al.,2016. Globalizing human resource management. Routledge.
Stewart, G.L. and Brown, K.G., 2019. Human resource management. Wiley.
Tarique, I.and et.al., 2015. International human resource management: Policies and practices for
multinational enterprises. Routledge.
Wehrmeyer, W., 2017. Greening people: Human resources and environmental management.
Routledge.
Wilton, N., 2016. An introduction to human resource management. Sage.
Online
Function and purpose of human resource management. 2013. [Online] Available through: <
https://medium.com/@swaticbindia/human-resource-management-its-core-functions-
managerial-operative-fc0335ef616a>

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