Quantitative Research - Not Enough Presence Of Secondary Data
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Added on 2019-09-26
Quantitative Research - Not Enough Presence Of Secondary Data
Added on 2019-09-26
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Quantitative ResearchClient causes of variation in construction projects in UnitedArab Emirates
Table of ContentsMethodology....................................................................................................................................2Research Philosophy....................................................................................................................3Positivism.................................................................................................................................3Interpretivism...........................................................................................................................4Approach Selection..................................................................................................................5Research Strategy.........................................................................................................................6Survey Research.......................................................................................................................6Case Study Research................................................................................................................7Action Research.......................................................................................................................8Research Participants and Sampling Method...............................................................................8Research Software........................................................................................................................9Research Questionnaire................................................................................................................9Research Hypothesis..................................................................................................................10Data Validity and Reliability.....................................................................................................10Research Limitations..................................................................................................................11Research Ethics..........................................................................................................................11Main Findings and Interpretation..................................................................................................12Discussion......................................................................................................................................23Recommendation...........................................................................................................................24Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................24References......................................................................................................................................25Appendix........................................................................................................................................26Abstract..........................................................................................................................................29
MethodologyThe research methodology defined here will help the researcher in conducting the wholeresearch. The selection of the research methodologies in this paper has been done based on thetype of data that is being collected for the study and the area of the study. Upcoming certain sub-sections will compare between the suitable methods of research and from them the most(Bryman, 2006) appropriate will be chosen for the study. The first aspect of the researchmethodology is the primary and secondary. The primary research refers to the collection of datafrom the field, that is, the collection of the raw data from the field and then applying statisticaltools and techniques to reach certain conclusions about the data. The second aspect is thesecondary research. The secondary research refers to the collection of data from the secondarysources such as government portal and other public and private agencies. The topic that is beingresearched here, there is not the presence of enough secondary data that would be helpful for theresearch. The results in the primary research depend on the type of data that is being collected. Ifthe collected data is of good quality then one can expect appreciable results. Therefore, theselection of the appropriate respondents becomes necessary in this type of research. Theselection of the primary research has been considered appropriate. In the primary research, theresearcher will be distributing the pre-defined questionnaire to the respondents for the datacollection. The selection of the respondents will be done based on the methods defined in thenext sub-sections. Primary research is considered as expensive as the researchers need tophysically visit the respondents or invest in other methods to collect the data (Merriam, 1998).The next section discusses the research philosophy that has been considered for the discussion.
From the discussed research philosophies, one most appropriate will be given importance in thestudy. Research PhilosophyThe research philosophy is concerned with the ways researchers consider while moving aheadwith the collection of the data. The research philosophies are of two types, namely, positivismand interpretivism. Both the methods have their own proponents in the field of research and bothhave their own strengths and weaknesses. There are various research methods that are notconsidered true to the point and there are some that are considered acceptable. This sub-sectionwill try to demystify the different research philosophies and then it will decide over the selectionof the suitable philosophies (Hirschmann, 1986). Research philosophies ensure that theresearches are done in accordance with the current most suitable methods and the methods thatare not conformed according to the researchers and academicians are discarded. However, theacceptance of certain research philosophies depend on the utility of the same in the givenresearch paper. The next sections discuss both the research philosophies followed by thecomparison and decision of selection.PositivismThe positivism refers to the assuming the situations that are stable and the researcher can selectparticular variables and derive appropriate data sets. The quantitative approach can be observedmore in the positivism aspect of the research methodologies. Moreover, the positivism states thatthe researchers can engage in the data collection by controlling the environment in which theexperiments are being done. The researchers have the freedom to choose certain variable andthen implement the same in the environment that is under controlled condition. The factors thatare not under consideration of the research or the factors that are pointed as the disturbing
elements and supporting the research need to be eliminated from the research environment (Hart,1958). The researcher can establish an artificial environment where the subjects to be studiedbrought in the situation to study the impact of the variables. This method of study allows theresearchers to eliminate the unnecessary variables and study the variables that are under theconsideration only. One can state that such method of manipulation of the environment can beadopted for the study by the researchers under the positivism approach. Some of the proponent ofthe positivism states that the environment allowed to get impacted from unknown variables willimpact the results of the research. The beginning of the positivism research takes place throughthe historical information that has been collected by the researchers by consulting the researchconducted by the past researchers. The past researchers help the researchers to build predictionfor the research they are going to conduct. Based on the prediction or the assumptions, thecurrent study is conducted. The predictions allow the researchers to estimate the direction inwhich the research is moving towards. Moreover, it allows the researcher to have theunderstanding of the suitable methodology that can be applied to the current study to reach thedesired result.InterpretivismThe researchers who are towards interpretivism consider the above philosophy to be inapt. Theyare of the view that the observation must be conducted in the open environment and the entireenvironmental variable should be allowed to interact with the subject of the study. Theproponents of this philosophy are of the view that if the environment is studied under the naturalsetting, then the result obtained from the study will be closer to the actual environment.Moreover, the interpretivists are of the view that the studies of the historical research bring inlimited methodologies that can be applied on the study (Hart, 1958). Moreover, the past
researches have been conducted in different setting which is entirely different from the futureresearch. Therefore, following the past research for the study for the result would be a futileeffort from researcher. The approach suggests that the researchers should device their ownmethodologies to move ahead with the study. Some of the researchers, specifically orientedtowards interpretivism, state that the consideration of positivism approach allows researcher theroom to manipulate the result as the research under consideration which might lead to the resultsthat are biased. Moreover, such results rarely coincide with the actual environmental situationsand stays far from the reality. Sometime it happens that the researchers undertake the study underthe preconceived notions about the certain elements related to the study. This pushes them tomanipulate the data or the research methodology to fit into that preconception. There are somemore differences in these two philosophies which is visible when further study is conducted. Theconsideration of quantitative aspect is more prevalent in the positivist philosophies and theconsideration of the qualitative aspect is more prevalent in the interpretivist philosophies. It canbe stated from the discussion both the philosophies have their own importance.Approach SelectionAs from the discussion above, it can be stated that both the philosophies are important at theirown place. The reason behind such statement is that there are research processes that requirestudying the subject in the controlled environment and considering only quantitative aspectwould not justify the results. Moreover, there are some researches which are oriented towardsquantitative approach and qualitative approach both, and require studying the subject in the openenvironment rather than closed environment. This study has considered some aspect of both thestudy which seems to be the required step for the topic that has been selected for the study. Asthe past study has been considered to build the assumptions for the study, the research can be
stated as part positivism. On the other hand, the questionnaires have been sent to the respondentsfor the responses where the respondents will be answering to the questions on their will whichindicate towards the interpretivist approach.Research StrategyThe research strategies that can be considered for this study are numerous. However, prior toselecting any particular strategy for the study, it would be advisable to understand the variousstrategies that seem suitable for the study. This will allow in logical selection of the appropriatestrategy. The use of appropriate research strategy is required as it will help the researcher inensuring the results obtained are useful for the research. Moreover, considering the rightstatistical approach is also recommended. The selection of the quality data entirely depends onthe type of the survey research that has been considered for the study. Mentioned below are someof the research strategy that has been considered for this study:Survey ResearchThe survey research refers to the type of the research that is conducted on the ground with theactual respondents and directly interacting with them. The survey is considered when thesecondary study is not enough for the researchers to reach the result for the research questions.Most of the researches have been conducted in the past and the questions that are prepared by the
researchers either look for the solutions for the present situations or for the solutions for thefuture expected problem. In these circumstances the past data sets do not play enough roles inreaching the desired result. Therefore, it becomes mandatory for the researcher that they look forthe current data in the market. This pushes them to go in the market and collect the individualresponses. These responses are then analyzed using the statistical tools such as correlation,regression, and others. This research paper has considered the survey research due to the similarreason. The study of the past research is unable to provide enough answer to the questions thathas been defined and, therefore, it is mandatory that the research paper go for the data collectionfrom the respondents. The reached result will be used to assess the hypotheses that have beenderived for the paper. Case Study ResearchThe case research methods are suitable for the situations when the environment is defined andthe researcher need to conduct the study to reach the solution for certain problem. The case studyapproaches are best suitable for the problems in the organization that need the solutions. Thoughthe case study research approach are always conducted in the present form as the results obtainedfrom the case study research are time and space bound which impact the certain aspects of theorganization only. Moreover, if the sole purpose of the study is solve certain problem thenconducing case study research is the most suitable form of study. It has been found that the casestudy approaches are suitable for the situations where the focus is to remove the issue from theroot. Therefore, the medical fields are the most suited area that amply considers this approach.The present research is not considering this approach and the reason is that the results andvariations in the construction projects can be rarely studied well by utilizing the case studyapproach as it is an industry wide problem. There is no such particular organization that has
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