Recycling in Hospitality

This report examines the effectiveness of recycling practices in the hospitality industry, using Rosewood Hotel London as a case study. It analyzes data collected through employee interviews and provides recommendations for improving waste management and sustainability efforts within the hotel.

Recycling in the hospitality
industry : Case study on
Rosewood Hotel London

ABSTRACT
Purpose of the study
The study aims at evaluating the extent up to which recycling can be used in hospitality
industry by using a case study of Rosewood hotel.
Methodology
The study is cross sectional study and it analyses qualitative data. The data is collected by
primary methods and is analysed through development of themes. The exploratory strategy has
been used in the study along with the interpretivism philosophy.
Findings
It has been analysed from the study that hospitality industry can easily use recycling
methods and can gain financial benefits. This approach will also help these organisations to
contribute in sustainability and environment conservation.
Limitations
The study could have been made more effective if it had included analysis of various
recycling methods, their limitations, drawbacks and methods to overcome them so that it
becomes easy to understand the realistic aspects of recycling.
Recommendations
It is recommended that for sustainable development hospitality service providers must
implement the recycling practices in their waste management programs.
Significance
The study plays an important role in promoting the sustainable development and to assist
the hospitality organisations in managing their daily waste.
Keywords
Recycling, methods of recycling, sustainability, waste management

Table of Contents
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................2
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................1
1.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................1
1.2 Main theme recycling.......................................................................................................1
1.3 Research aim ...................................................................................................................1
1.4 Research objective ...........................................................................................................1
1.6 Significance of the study .................................................................................................2
1.7 Motivation of academic study literature ..........................................................................2
1.8 Dissertation structure .......................................................................................................2
1.9 Chapter conclusion ..........................................................................................................3
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................4
2.1 Chapter introduction ........................................................................................................4
2.2 Concepts ..........................................................................................................................4
2.3 Recycling .........................................................................................................................4
2.4 Benefits ............................................................................................................................5
2.5 Limitations .......................................................................................................................6
2.6 Recycling process ............................................................................................................6
2.7 Recycling in society ........................................................................................................7
2.8 Recycling in government management ...........................................................................8
2.9 Recycling and sustainability ...........................................................................................8
2.10 Impact of recycling on environment ..............................................................................8
2.11 Model for recycling .......................................................................................................9
2.12 Waste management ........................................................................................................9
2.13 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................10
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ..........................................................................11
3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................11
3.2 Sander's Onion ...............................................................................................................11
3.3 Chapter structure ...........................................................................................................12
3.4 Research philosophy ......................................................................................................12

3.5 Research approach .........................................................................................................13
3.6 Research strategy ...........................................................................................................13
3.7 Sample size ....................................................................................................................13
3.8 Data collection ...............................................................................................................14
3.9 Time Horizon .................................................................................................................14
3.10 Data analysis ................................................................................................................15
3.11 Ethical considerations ..................................................................................................15
3.12 Conclusion....................................................................................................................16
CHAPTER 4: DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS ...........................................................17
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................26
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................29
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................32

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
Recycling is defined as the process of reusing materials or converting waste material into
useful products. The hospitality industries can enhance their productivity by using suitable waste
management and recycling approaches. It will not only bring creativity and proper utilisation of
resources but will also help to reduce the operational costs. The hospitality organisations are able
to recycle significant amount of materials (Filimonau and Delysia, 2019). The utilisation of
recycling techniques not only improves the operational perspective of the business but also helps
organisation to contribute in sustainability goals.
However most of the hospitality companies are not concerned and aware with the concept
and scope of recycling within operations. There are several factors which affects the current
recycling trends and methods within hospitality. The improper waste management has been
increasing the waste burden which is a great challenge for the sustainability and environment.
Thus there is great need that business organisations must adopt recycling approaches. The
hospitality sector must also contribute in achieving these goals of environment protection by
fulfilling their corporate social responsibility.
1.2 Main theme recycling
Recycling can be greatly beneficial for hospitality as waste is reduced and operational
efficiencies are enhanced. With the recycling practices Rosewood hotel can enhance the
recycling by improving staff engagement. The training sessions so that staff members can
identify the waste and techniques to recycle it can be used by the organisation (Xu and Gursoy,
2015). Currently most of the hotels largely depends upon services users that they will try to
reduce waste instead of working on ground level. However Rosewood hotel can achieve its
minimum level of waste by encouraging and assuring the equal participation of the employees
and well defined recycling strategies.
1.3 Research aim
“To identify that to what extent is recycling a critical factor for hospitality based
company” Case study based on Rosewood Hotel London.
1.4 Research objective
 To identify the importance of recycling process in hospitality industry
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 To determine the critical factors of recycling presents in the hospitality sector
 To identify the impact of recycling on the evolution of sustainability development.
1.5 Research questions
 What are the importance of recycling process in hospitality industry?
 What are the critical factors of recycling presents in the hospitality sector?
 What are the impact of recycling on the evolution of sustainability development?
1.6 Significance of the study
The waste management is one of the biggest challenge for the environment
conservationist and business organisation. The hospitality organisations have to undergo through
a huge amount of waste of different types (Chan and Hsu, 2016). Thus the study is vital as it will
not only help hospitality organisations to understand the impact and importance of recycling
through case example of Rosewood hotel. The study is also a benchmark for guiding hospitality
organisations that how recycling can help to integrate profitability with sustainability. It will also
discuss the role and necessity of the recycling within hospitality.
1.7 Motivation of academic study literature
The environment changes due to resource exploitation are not new to anyone. One of the
key rationale and motivation to conduct this study is that most of the people use hospitality
services and does not consider it essential to wise utilisation of resources. In the same context
hospitality service providers are also less bothered for the waste management. This attitude
towards the resource utilisation is not leading to additional cost burden on hotels but is also
affecting the nature (Abdulredha and et.al., 2018). Thus by executing study appropriate concepts
can be developed which underpins the scope and critical factors of recycling and how hospitality
can contribute in this goal.
1.8 Dissertation structure
The research is divided into following chapters:
Chapter 1: Introduction
This chapter discusses the introduction, research aim and significance of the study so that
better knowledge of the research subject can be developed.
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Chapter 2: Literature review
Second chapter will provide the review of the research subject from the perspective of
different literature sources.
Chapter 3: Research methodology
In the third chapter research methodologies will be discussed which are used for
executing the research and making conclusions.
Chapter 4: Data analysis
Data analysis chapter will evaluate the various themes so that the case study can be
analysed in relation with the data gathered and literature review obtained in chapter two.
Chapter 5: Conclusion
The last chapter of the dissertation will propose the conclusions which are drawn from
the study.
1.9 Chapter conclusion
In this chapter research aim and objectives have been discussed. From the significance
and motivation it has been analysed that recycling is one of the most effective solution for
meeting the sustainability goals with the profit targets of organisation. The research objective
have been evaluated by keeping the current trends of hospitality in focus. The dissertation
structure will help to systematically understand the extent up to which hospitality can use
recycling.
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CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Chapter introduction
The purpose of this chapter is to explore the various literature sources in relation with the
recycling concepts. The literature review helps to build strong knowledge related to the basic
terms which can help to analyse the research data in an improved way. For the review purpose
different articles, journals, books and websites are used so that detailed insight of the study can
be obtained. A variety of concepts and terms related to recycling are discussed and reviewed in
this section. The chapter includes topics such as benefits and limitations of recycling, its impact
and existing practices in society and recycling models and waste management models.
2.2 Concepts
According to Xu and Gursoy, (2015) recycling is one of the most emerging need and
demand of hospitality organisations. Due to increasing environmental burden in terms of
resource wastage the landfill wastages are also having tax imposed on them so that the
organisations can encourage the recycling and resource management and landfill waste burden
can be reduced to a great extent. Thus hospitality organisations are preparing recycling strategies
so that they not only avoid such unnecessary expenses but can also reduce the resource
consumption. As per the views of Jones and Wynn (2019) along with financial benefits recycling
schemes also gives a positive message to customers that organisation is concerned about
sustainability. It enhances its brand value and thus contributes in achieving the profitability
targets.
2.3 Recycling
According to Bell., (2018) recycling is one of the essential process which helps to
improve and maintain the environment. Within hospitality sector it is not only important from
the financial perspective but also from the ethical perspective. Recycling helps to identify the
materials which can be reused or re-manufactured instead of mere dumping them in dump yard.
The reuse and resource recovery helps to promote sustainability by reducing waste. For the
recycling purpose hospitality organisations must be able to identify and collect the recyclable
products from their waste generation. For instance food waste, shampoo and other bottles along
with the restaurant waste is the biggest waste generation and this can be easily recycled.
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2.4 Benefits
Filimonau and Delysia, (2019), stated that recycling process reduces clutter and thus
helps organisations to save money. It also manages the space by eliminating the unnecessary
occupancy of the waste material. Thus the proper recycling strategies and implementation also
represents organisation as more ethical and professional in terms of quality. The products
manufactured by recycling process are more energy efficient as compared to products prepared
from virgin materials. For instance the aluminium can produced from recycling of old cans needs
95% less energy than required for preparing can from fresh bauxite process.
(Source: Recycling by the numbers, 2015)
One of the significant benefit of recycling is that it reduces the emission of green house
gases when entire world is suffering the hardships of climate change due to these gases. Along
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Illustration 1: Benefits of recycling

with the environmental benefits reducing helps organisations to reduce their waste management
cost. With the the improved environmental credentials brand value of the hospitality service
providers is also increased which is beneficial for their sustainable growth. According to the
statistics presented by ReFood News, (2019), every year UK hospitality industry produces
920,000 tonnes of food waste. The approximate landfill cost is around £100 per tonne waste
which comprises tax, transportation and disposal charges. However instead of disposal if this
waste is recycled hospitality organisations can save up to 45% of cost. Thus cost saving is also
one of the important benefit of recycling.
2.5 Limitations
Despite several benefits the recycling practices are very limited in hospitality industry.
As per the view of Kim, Lee and Fairhurst, (2017), one of the greatest limitation for the recycling
is the space restriction. Since most of the space in the hotels and restaurants is used for the front
house areas and thus there is no space for storing or sorting different types of waste. Due to
space limitations the hospitality managers are left with only option of landfills.
The waste collection is also a complex process for the hospitality sector. Hotel waste
includes diverse waste ranging from soaps, shampoo bottles in every guest room to huge food
waste. It is very time consuming and effort involving process for the organisations to collect this
waste. Abdulredha and et.al., (2018), stated that the lack of awareness among organisations is
also one of the reason for the limited employment of recycling process within hospitality. These
limitations can be overcome by implementing effective waste management schemes and training
sessions within organisation.
2.6 Recycling process
The hospitality organisations can carry out the recycling process in three stages. These
stages are named as collection, processing and then the purchasing or utilisation of the recycled
products. According to Grazzini and et.al., (2018), in order to collect the waste hospitality
service providers can train their staff and must kept separate bins or containers for food, plastic
and other types of wastages. There must be proper scheduling so that waste can also be collected
from the guest rooms. When the waste is collected it is send to disposal site at which recyclable
waste is processed and is converted into usable ones. The waste which is not recyclable is
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separated. When products are recycled and converted into new products they can be purchased or
reused by the organisation.
(Source: Recycling Process Cycle Word Circle Concept Scribbled Sign. 2019)
2.7 Recycling in society
Most of the social communities supports the recycling option however they need the
support of the authorities and waste management organisations. As per Matinise and et.al.,
(2018) recycling practices can be encouraged by inspiring communities for their equal
participation. For instance when people are aware about the need and methods of recycling then
they can keep the food waste and plastic waste separately so that it becomes easy to collect and
process the waste.
Most of the people believe that instead of following time consuming and complex
process of collecting recyclable waste it is very easy for them to landfill it. However
communities must try to abolish such practices and they must provide support to local
government in managing waste. For this purpose different dustbins can be used so that various
types of waste is collected easily and recycling process becomes easier.
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Illustration 2: Recycling process

2.8 Recycling in government management
The government and regulatory authorities are also engaging in recycling practices. The
waste collected by the housing societies is recycled by the municipal organisations and then
recycled so that landfills can be reduced. According to Binder and Varga, (2015) the waste
collection, storage and recycling are also important priorities for the government so that public
health and well being of society can be maintained. The government are encouraging the waste
recycling organisations and hospitality organisations who are making efforts to recycle their
waste. For instance the increased landfill taxes are one of the factor which motivate people to
recycle so that they can make waste management cost effective. The government departments are
also supporting the use of paperless working and use of reusable products so that waste can be
reduced and recycling can be increased.
2.9 Recycling and sustainability
Zhu, (2016), defined sustainability as the practice to maintain the diversity and
productivity of the environment without compromising or threatening it in the process of
development. Recycling is considered as the effective element of promoting sustainability. Since
the exploitation of natural resources in the development process for meeting the needs of present
generation is creating a question on survival of future generations. In such era recycling is
preserving environment by encouraging the use of existing resources instead of regularly
exploiting new sources. Thus recycling is contributing to conservation of water, land, forest, air
and other natural resources by conserving energy as well as preventing from pollution. Recycling
activities are also creating new job opportunities in waste management and recycling purpose.
Thus along with the environmental sustainability it is also bringing new opportunities for
economic sustainability.
2.10 Impact of recycling on environment
According to Styles, Schoenberger and Galvez-Martos, (2015), landfill waste which is
not biodegradable has harmful impact on environment in the form of pollution and green house
gases. Recycling reduces the problem of landfill wastage and thus environment pollution is
reduced. With the increasing resources there has been scarcity of the natural resources.
Recycling process can also minimise the consumption of these resources.
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As per Kinhal., V. (2019), the recycled plastic waste can be used to produce fresh plastic
and it can save approx 16.3 barrels of oil. Similarly through recycling of paper several gallons of
oil and water can be saved. With the increasing trends of recycling in the energy consumption
and pollution has decreased. As a result the environment damage due to manufacturing process
from raw materials and landfills is reducing. The recycling process helps environment by
managing the waste products in productive and less harmful ways. Thus for environment
sustainability the practice must be adopted at wider scale.
2.11 Model for recycling
According to Phu and et.al., (2019), the most successful and demanding recycling model
which can be used by the hospitality sector is the sustainable and incentivise recycle model. The
organisations can collaborate with a third party which can help in waste collection and recycle
process. The organisation can train their staff members and can initiate reward systems so that
waste is minimized by both guests and staff members. The food waste such as bread can be used
to make beer or other organic products can be converted into compost which is effective and
profitable for the gardens of organisation. The cardboard and glass waste material is one of the
most common waste material from hospitality sector. It can recycled into different usable
products such as desks, bins and signage.
Filimonau and Delysia, (2019) stated that as this framework model aims at enhancing the
value of recycling another alternative option for the hospitality and other business organisations
is that they can provide generated waste to the recycling organisations who collect waste from
various sources and give suitable for value in return of the waste collected. In this manner
organisations can not only manage their waste but can also earn some profits for recycling them
instead of paying taxes for landfill options.
2.12 Waste management
As per the views of Bell., (2018), hotel guests contributes to approx 2.5 pound trash
everyday. Thus for assuring the quality services hospitality service sector is required to manage
this huge waste through landfill or other means of waste disposals like recycling and dumping.
The waste generated in hospitality industry mainly includes food products, plastic bottles, papers
and cardboard. 50-60% of this generated waste can be easily recycled and managed by the hotels
with ease without adding extra burden on finance or landfills.
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Jones and Wynn (2019) stated that with the increasing trends of recycling hospitality
organisations are now shifting from one time usable products to reusable products. For managing
the every day waste of hotels strategic waste collection and recycling models are used by the
hospitality industries. Hospitality organisations are also implementing processes and methods
which can reduce the food and paper waste. For instance the paperless working is becoming
quite common in most of the organisations and cardboards packagings are also recycled so that
they can be easily reused.
2.13 Conclusion
From the literature discussion it can be concluded that recycling is one of the most easy
and effective way to promote sustainability. The hospitality sector has vast scope for
implementing recycling and waste management techniques and to contribute in environment
protection along with the effective utilisation of resources. The chapter has also discussed the
limitations and benefits of the recycling thus an awareness must be created among business
organisations and communities so that they can overcome above discussed limitations and
recycling models can be applied to greater extent.
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CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
The methodologies used in the research essential for contextualising the research
findings. Thus they must be chosen with sufficient analysis so that researcher can develop and
generate knowledge which is applicable to research setting as well as to the applications outside
the settings. The research methods helps to arrange and collect knowledge which is necessary for
the collection and analysis of the information (Kumar, 2019). These methods provides the
strategic directions through which research data can be gathered and processed for making the
conclusions. Selection of various data collection methods like survey, interview and different
research techniques helps to accomplish the research effectively.
3.2 Sander's Onion
The Sander's onion demonstrates the different methodological approaches which can be
used for the research purpose. The first layer of the research onion represents the research
philosophies which can be of several types such as positivism, interpretivism, realism,
objectivism and pragmatism. Second and third layer of the onion represent research approaches
and strategies which are discussed in detail in below sections. The next layer is of research
choice which can use single, multiple or mixed methods for the study. The time scale is crucial
element in accomplishing the study (Creswell and Poth, 2017). Thus the fifth layer of the
research onion helps to choose time horizon of the study which can be cross sectional and
longitudinal. The last layer of the onion represents the techniques used for data collection and
analysis which helps to reach the findings of the study. Sander's onion plays significant role in
providing strategic direction to the researchers.
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(Source: Research methodology. 2016)
3.3 Chapter structure
The chapter is divided into several sub-sections. At first the introduction and a brief
knowledge of research onion is provided so that different methodologies can be understood. The
further sections of this chapter focuses on discussing different types of research philosophies,
approaches and strategies. It will also discuss the methodologies used in this study. The data
collection cannot be accomplished without well defined sample size (Halcomb and Hickman,
2015). Thus the next sections of the chapter will focus on sample size and data collection
methods. The time horizon and data analysis must be considered while executing the research. In
the last section of third chapter ethical considerations and conclusion is provided. The ethical
aspects will discuss the ethics which are followed during different phases of the research.
3.4 Research philosophy
Philosophies provide the foundation for the skills and knowledge. Research philosophies
are of various types like realism, positivism and interpretivism. The positivism natural
phenomenons are explained with their relations and hypotheses are used to support the
discussion (Almalki, 2016). In realism for determining the human capabilities in the realistic
world scientific theories are used. In this study interpretivism is used because it helps to
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Illustration 3: Sander's research onion

understand all aspects of recycling within hospitality. With this philosophy it is easy to interpret
the themes and qualitative data. It also helps to critically evaluate different areas of the research
subject.
3.5 Research approach
Research approaches helps to make data analysis and collection methods flexible and
systematic. The research studies can use inductive as well as deductive approaches. The
deductive approaches are primarily used for analysing quantitative data (Dillon and Wals,
2016). For analysis of numerical and statistical values deductive approach is considered more
suitable. Since in this study qualitative data is used inductive approach is employed to collect the
data. In inductive approach vast range of theories and evidences are used for analysing the
subject. Since in this study hypotheses are not formed regarding recycling approaches and trends
of hospitality industry inductive approach can be easily used and on the basis of recorded
observations theories can be applied to obtain results.
3.6 Research strategy
To accomplish the study exploratory, descriptive or causal strategies can be used. The
descriptive strategy is helpful for the researches in which it is required to identify a problem and
solutions are required for the issues on the basis of its evaluation. Causal strategy can be
considered as useful for determining the relation between two variables and is more suitable for
the experimental studies. In this study exploratory strategy is used. Exploratory strategy focuses
on providing relevant clarification of the statement so that its different aspects can be explained
and research questions can be explored.
3.7 Sample size
Sampling is defined as the process to collect the primary data from a specific sized
population so that it can be analysed on the basis of observations. The sample size and sampling
methods depends upon the data analysis methods (Kumar, 2019). The sampling can be classified
as random sampling, stratified and systematic sampling.
In random sampling randomly some people are selected from the subject population so
that their observations can be used for the analysis purpose. On the other hand in systematic
sampling instead of choosing samples randomly predefined methods are used to select specific
samples. In this study random sampling is used and in an random pattern 20 employees of
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Rosewood hotel London are chosen for the study. The samples selected for the study are
involved in daily operational activities of the organisation and thus they provide better insight of
the recycling process within organisation. One of the advantage of this type of sampling is that it
provides fair and unbiased data for the analysis purpose.
3.8 Data collection
For obtaining the validate results for the study data must be collected from the reliable
and authorised sources. The data can be collected by using primary and secondary methods. The
primary data collection methods includes the data collection from the primary sources such as
interviews, surveys and questionnaire. On the other hand in secondary data collection methods
the secondary sources such as newspapers, articles, books, journals and other research papers are
used for the data analysis (Harrison and et.al., 2017).
Primary data collection approach helps to evaluate the opinion and observations of the
samples or participants closely and thus provides more specific conclusions. Since the
participants of the study are directly concerned and aware with the subject their observation
provides more reliable information. Contrary to this secondary data is considered as the review
work or the literature concept from the other researchers. It helps to understand the subject
background more effectively.
For evaluating the concept of recycling in hospitality Rosewood hotel primary data collection is
used. In this study questionnaire is used so that realistic data for the organisation can be obtained
from the employees of Rosewood hotel.
3.9 Time Horizon
The time horizon describes the time duration in which the data can be collected and
analysed for achieving the research objectives. On the basis of time horizons research studies can
be classified as cross sectional study and longitudinal study. The longitudinal studies are
observational and same objects are observed for long period of time (Halcomb and Hickman,
2015). This type of studies usually last for several years and are helpful to detect the specific
changes in the population.
In this study cross sectional time horizon is used and sample population is observed only
on a specific instant of time. With this type of study various parameters can be analysed at the
same instant and without making any changes to the research environment.
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3.10 Data analysis
The data analysis methods helps to draw the conclusions from the collected data. The
accuracy of the research greatly depends upon the analysis methods. The data analysis methods
can vary for both qualitative and quantitative researches. The quantitative research includes the
statistical thus it requires more precise and structured tools. The software tools such as SPSS
which critically evaluate the numerical statistics. For this type of analysis rational thinking is
required by the researcher. The objective of this type of analysis is to develop and determine a
statistical evidence for the research hypotheses.
Contrary to this approach in this study the qualitative data are analysed by using thematic
analysis. For this purpose common themes are developed on the basis of observations obtained
from the data collection (Leavy, 2017). In order to analyse the response of the study samples
themes are formulated. The thematic analysis with the help of questionnaire or interviews help to
have deep evaluation of the each and every observation.
3.11 Ethical considerations
The ethics represents the moral values and standards which must be taken into account
for making the study outcomes reliable and unbiased. It is the responsibility of the researcher to
assure that the research practices are ethical and are ethical approaches are not neglected during
data collection and analysis stages of the study.
Consent: The participants involved in the study must be aware about the scope, objectives and
purpose and methods of the study so that they can provide their consent. The researcher must
take their consent in written and participants must have freedom to withdraw from the study at
any instant of time.
Confidentiality: It is the duty of the researcher to assure that the confidentiality of the
participants is maintained (Mayoh and Onwuegbuzie, 2015). The personal information and
opinion of the samples must not be disclosed or used without the permission of the participants.
Risk assessment: During the data collection process if there are any possible risks then
participants must be informed prior to the study so that they can decide if they want to participate
in the study or not. The researcher must conduct such assessment so that data can be collected
without causing any harm to any of the participant.
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Data security: The data collected from different sources must be used for the study purpose only.
It must be secured so that it is not used for any unauthorised activity or purpose.
Data destruction: It must be assured that the sensitive and confidential research data is stored for
specific time duration only and after that it must be destroyed so that it cannot be reused for the
unauthorised activities (Harrison and et.al., 2017).
3.12 Conclusion
It can be concluded that with the analysis and detailed understanding of various research
methodologies research can be made more productive and reliable. For this purpose it is essential
that the researchers must have knowledge of research onion. The research philosophies,
strategies and data collection methods are important but equal attention must be given to the
ethical considerations and suitable time horizon for the study so that research can be completed
within desired time frame.
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CHAPTER 4: DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
The data is collected by taking interview of employees of Rosewood hotel. The primary
data collection methods helps to analyse the extent of recycling within organisation and which
factors affects the recycling scheme. For evaluation of the data and findings thematic analysis is
used. On the basis of observations themes are formed so that conclusions can be made.
Theme 1 Recycling is beneficial for the organisation
Q-1 Do you believe recycling is beneficial for your organisation? Frequency
Yes 15
No 4
Not sure 1
Total 20
Interpretation-
Recycling has been beneficial for hospitality organisations. With the recycling waste can
be disposed in better productive and cost effective ways. When the study participants of
Rosewood hotel were questioned about the same majority of the samples agreed that it is
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profitable for the organisation to use waste recycling. However out of 20 participants 4
participants believed that this is unnecessary and is not bringing any cost benefits or performance
improvement to hotel. From these observations it can be interpreted that though most of the
employees recycling is effective and must be implemented within practices. A very few
participants, merely one out of 20 was not confirm that if it is actually beneficial or not.
Theme 2 Performing waste recycling within organisation
Q-2 Does your organisation currently perform waste recycling? Frequency
Yes 10
No 2
Not sure 8
Total 20
Interpretation-
Most of the participants involved in the study were not aware of the waste disposal
methods used by Rosewood hotel. Out of 20 participant employees the 8 samples were not sure
that if hotel is currently using recycling practices or not. They were not confirm to say that if
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hotel waste is directly disposed off to land fills or it is recycled. Contrary to this 50% of
population was well aware that Rosewood hotel recycles its generated waste. It shows that
organisation is concerned towards its corporate social responsibility and sustainable
development. Though it is surprising that such good number of participants were not aware that
if organisation is using recycling. The possible reason for this response may be that have not
remain part of the organisational recycling scheme.
Theme 3 Different types of recyclable waste
Q-3 What type of waste is recycled by Rosewood hotel ? Frequency
Cardboard 4
Food waste 6
Plastic 1
Glass 1
All of the above 7
Not sure 1
Total 20
Interpretation-
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Being a hospitality organisation Rosewood hotel generates different kinds of waste
products. For instance the organic waste generated from its kitchen and garden area as well as
inorganic waste generated by service users and other operational activities. It includes
cardboards which are used in packaging, plastic and glass waste used in bottles. As per the
interview majority of participants, that is 7 out of 10 participants informed that hotel is recycling
all types of generated waste. After this most of the people informed that since food waste is easy
to collect and recycle hotel only recycle this waste and rest of the waste is dumped in land fills.
Similarly 4 participants informed that only cardboard waste is recycled while for glass and
plastic as well only single response were received.
Theme 4 Taxes for land filling of waste
Q-4 Does organisation pay any taxes for the landfill waste ? Frequency
Yes 12
No 2
Not sure 6
Total 20
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Interpretation-
Apart from the recycling land filling and simple dumping of the waste are common waste
disposal techniques used by the hospitality groups. However the land-filling procedures involves
taxes and transportation cost. When employees of Rosewood hotel were asked this question, 12
out of 20 participants informed that hotel has to pay certain amount of tax for disposal of its
waste. Since all waste material cannot be recycled, some of the waste is directly discarded into
land fill grounds and for that purpose specific tax amount is paid by the hotel. Contrary to this 6
participants were not sure that if organisation is currently paying waste disposal tax or not.
Theme 5 Frequency of emptying waste
Q-5 At what frequency bins are emptied? Frequency
Once in a day 10
Weekly 7
Once in a month 1
Not sure 2
Total 20
Interpretation-
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Waste collection is one of the important aspect of recycling and waste management
process. The organisations can collect waste on daily basis or in fix time duration for collecting
and disposing the waste product. Out of 20 people, 10 people informed that the hotel waste is
collected on daily basis while 7 people informed that bins are emptied on weekly basis. A very
few participants were not sure about the exact frequency of making recycle bins empty. It can be
interpreted from this response that the kitchen waste which cannot be stored for long time is
emptied on daily basis while the glass, plastic and cardboard waste can be easily stored so its
frequency of removal from bins may vary. It can be done on monthly and weekly basis.
Theme 6 Purchasing recycled products
Q-6 Does hotel purchase recycled products? Frequency
Yes 10
No 2
Not sure 8
Total 20
Interpretation-
The recycling method of managing waste products helps to convert the waste material
into usable products. The waste material is also used to manufacture new materials. The
22

recycling cannot be encouraged without purchasing recycled products. Out of 20 samples 10
people informed that Rosewood hotel is buying and using recycled products. While making
purchase organisation give preference to recycled products so that it can help in achieving its
sustainability programs and contribution to the waste management. 8 participants of the study
were not sure that if during purchasing this factor is considered by the hotel.
Theme 7 Using recycled waste
Q-7 What is done with the recycled waste of hotel? Frequency
Reused 7
Sold to other third parties 8
Not sure 5
Total 20
e
Interpretation-
The hospitality organisations can used variety of approaches for its recycled waste. For
instance organisations can reuse the recycled waste or can sold it to other waste management
organisations who use these waste products. A mixed response was obtained from the study
23

participants on this perspective. There were equal number of participants who informed that
waste material is reused and is given to other waste management contractors. The compost and
other usable products manufactured from the food waste is reused by the Rosewood hotel.
Contrary to this many times instead of recycling cardboards, glass and plastic hotels deliver this
type of waste to recycling agencies who gave some amount in return of waste products. In this
way organisation properly manages its waste instead of simple dumping.
Theme 8 Benefit of recycling for environment and sustainability
Q-8 Do you believe that recycling is beneficial for sustainability and
environment?
Frequency
Yes 18
No 1
Not sure 1
Total 20
Interpretation-
24

Recycling is most common tool for managing the waste and to promote environment
sustainability. 90% of the study participants were aware of the fact that recycling is critical part
of the sustainability. Only 1% of the sample were either disagree or uncertain about this. It shows
that sustainability is well known term for the hospitality staff members and there has been
increase in recycling trends within this sector. Since most of the hospitality organisations are
supporting the green approaches of reducing the waste within organisations Rosewood hotel is
also encouraging the recycling practices. It helps organisation to encourage its role in green
development and sustainability.
Theme 9 Using different bins for collection of recyclable and non-recyclable waste
Q-9 Does organisation has separate bins for collecting recyclable and
non-recyclable waste?
Frequency
Yes 14
No 5
Not sure 1
Total 20
25

Interpretation-
The recycling process can be accomplished easily if the waste collection methods are
performed systematically. Usually most of the hospitality waste is not easy to sort and thus hotels
prefer to simply send it to land fills. However the process can be made simpler by following
separate waste collection strategies. 14 participants informed that currently Rosewood hotel is
using different bins for various types of waste products. For instance the food waste and glass
waste are collected in different recycle bins so that it becomes easy to transport the waste for the
recycling process. Contrary to this, 5 participants out of 20 explained that there are no separate
containers used by the hotel for the collection of waste products.
Theme 10 Legislative implications for waste disposal
Q-10 Are there any legislative implications in waste disposal methods
followed by organisation?
Frequency
Yes 4
No 14
Not sure 2
Total 20
Interpretation-
26

The waste disposal cannot be considered as the easy task for the service providers. Since
waste does not only affect the performance of Rosewood hotel but can also influence the health
of community, staff member and customers it is required that it must be disposed properly. Thus
these approaches are regulated by several legislative implications. It is essential for Rosewood
hotel and all hospitality service providers to consider these regulations related to waste
management. A majority of 14 people out of 20 informed that currently hotel is not aware or
following such legislative regulations while only 4 participants believed that waste management
of Rosewood hotel is accomplished by suitable regulations. These observations shows that
recycling and waste disposal management of the organisation is not much aware about such
regulations. Thus proper training sessions must be conducted to review and implement such
regulations.
Theme 11 Improving current waste disposal method
Q-11 Do you think there is need to improve the current waste disposal
method?
Frequency
Yes 6
No 12
Not sure 2
Total 20
27

Interpretation-
It is the high time that hospitality organisations must improve their recycling strategies so
that they can achieve their waste reduction targets. When the same context was reviewed from
the perspective of employees of Rosewood hotel it is analysed that majority of people are highly
satisfied with the current methods of waste management. They explained that there is no need to
make any changes or improvement to the waste disposal techniques. However 6 people out of 20
believed that hotel needs some strategic and operational improvement in the methods of waste
collection. For instance the proper training to the employees and strict scheduling to collect and
transport waste can make the process more organised and systematic.
Theme 12 Recycling scheme and training for the employees
Q-12 Is there any recycling scheme or training for the employees? Frequency
Yes 10
No 5
Not sure 5
Total 20
28

Interpretation-
The staff members plays significant role in making the recycling process highly efficient.
Since the waste collection and transportation methods are vital steps for managing the waste
disposal it is required for Rosewood hotel to implement effective recycling schemes. The staff
members are also required to follow the suitable practices for understanding the every phase of
recycling process. It has been observed that 50% of the participants believes that there is need of
more organised scheme and strategy to execute recycling and waste management process. On the
other hand 5 participants out of 20 also believes that the current process and methods followed
by the hotel are effective enough and does not requires nay changes. 5 participants were also not
sure that if there is need of improvement or not.
Theme 13 Cooperation by guests for implementation of recycling scheme
Q-13 Does equal cooperation is provided by guests in implementing
recycling scheme within organisation?
Frequency
Always 5
Never 7
Sometimes 8
Total 20
29

Interpretation-
The waste collection and management cannot be accomplished by the Rosewood hotel
without coordination and support from the customers. Since the customers are also responsible
for the generation of waste their support will enhance the quality of recycling scheme. Most of
the customers does not throw the waste on designated place and thus it create difficulty for the
staff members of hotel to collect and treat the waste. From this perspective a mixed response was
received from the customers. 5 participants informed that customers always provide the support
in recycling scheme of the organisation and understands the need of throwing garbage into
accurate place. However 7 participants does not agree with the concept. They explained that
customers are not supportive enough and it increases the complexity in managing waste.
Theme 14 Waste management concern for annual audit and strategy
Q-14 Does waste management is one of the important concerns for the
annual audit of the company?
Frequency
Yes 4
Somewhat 4
No 10
Not sure 2
30

Total 20
Interpretation-
Though waste management is one of the essential aspect of the functional activities of the
organisation. However most of the hospitality service providers do not consider it as the
important part to be consider in the annual board meeting discussion or the audit functions. Out
of 20 samples 50% of the respondents expressed that the topic is not given equal importance in
the annual discussions. However 4 people agreed that the recycling and waste disposal concerns
are raised in the meetings so that suitable improvements and concerns can be resolved
effectively. Out of 20, 4 participants also informed that the issue is discussed but is not given
much time as compare to other organisational issues.
31

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
From the above discussion it can be concluded that hospitality industries can contribute
to sustainability by using recycling practices. These practices will also help organisation to
improve the resource consumption as well as quality of services. Rosewood hotel can save space
with the help of designated areas for waste products. It has been analysed that hospitality service
providers cannot get another cost effective method for managing their waste because as compare
to the conventional disposal methods this waste management practice is more economical. Along
with the waste management Rosewood hotel can also gain another advantage of improved
reputation in society.
As sustainability is one of the latest and biggest concern for communities and
government agencies recycling scheme within organisation can have positive impact on the
brand value of organisation (Xu and Gursoy, 2015). It has been observed that recycling is
playing an important role in environment conservation and sustainability. It has several benefits
such as reducing pollution, reduction in energy and resource consumption. However for
hospitality industries it can be challenging to implement the recycling schemes.
Since Rosewood hotel provides services to diverse range of customers it is not easy to
encourage and convince every customer and staff member to support the program. For instance
at first organisation is required to provide training to its staff members for waste identification,
collection and recycling process. It will help them to understand the significance of the process
and to provide equal contribution. The guest must be motivated so that they put their waste in the
labelled dustbins only.
It has been also analysed from the study that along with the recycling Rosewood hotel
must also focus on reducing waste products. It will make its operational processes more
beneficial in terms of cost saving (Abdulredha and et.al., 2018). Since hospitality service
providers are major consumers of resources they are responsible for generating huge amount of
waste. The waste management and recycling technique is necessary for the entire hospitality
sector. It can also be concluded that recycling helps to get rid of disposed waste as well as to
encourage judicial use of supplies so that cost of raw materials can be saved.
Recycling along cannot achieve the goals of sustainability and cost saving. It requires
suitable integration of waste management and reduction practices. Though recycling will help
32

organisation to utilise and dispose its waste product in more productive way but Rosewood hotel
must also focus on reducing its waste. Recycling process produces new products which are
efficient in terms of natural resource consumption. Thus hospitality service providers must also
encourage the use and purchase of such recycled products so that recycling techniques are
supported on broad level.
Recommendations
It is recommended that Rosewood hotel must use several small measures to make its
waste management techniques stronger and efficient. The first step towards the recycling
campaign is the increased role and participation of employees. The organisation must regularly
conduct waste audits so that type of produced waste and its sources can be understood. Since the
type of waste changes as the guests and needs of hotel changes. For example in some particular
season the consumption of water bottles may be higher than the cardboard waste.
There is great fluctuation in type of waste with time thus organisation must monitor their
generation closely so that recycling can be optimized. For achieving the better results Rosewood
hotel must use a customized service for recycling (Chan and Hsu, 2016). The delivery of the
waste products can be as per the need of organisation. It can be delivered to the location of
recycling on daily basis or it can be collected to the assigned boxes or location provided by
recycling agency. Currently hospitality organisations are having the easy and cost consuming
option of landfills.
However the waste management can be improved within hospitality industries by
identifying the opportunities for zero landfill. Rosewood hotel can collaborate with the waste to
energy service providers which helps to divert the landfill waste into recycled products. The use
of small measures such as zero use of paper for the documentation of the information exchange,
minimum use of disposal products and promoting the use of washable products can reduce the
waste and thus landfill can be decreased.
Along with the staff engagement the recycling practices can be further improved by
involving guests into the campaign. For example Rosewood hotel must put labelled bins in every
room so that waste collection can become easy (Chan and Hsu, 2016). If organisation is
recycling products for reuse or donation purpose then signage must be developed so that guests
33

can also know about the community cause. It will inspire them to minimise the waste produced
by them and to positively support the waste management and recycling scheme of the hotel.
34

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37

APPENDIX
Questionnaire
Name- __________________
Age- ___________________
Gender- _________________
Q- 1 Do you believe recycling is beneficial for your organisation?
Yes
No
Not sure
Q-2 Does your organisation currently perform waste recycling?
 Yes
 No
 Not sure
Q-3 What type of waste is recycled by Rosewood hotel ?
Cardboard
Food waste
Plastic
Glass
All of the above
Not sure
Q- 4 Does organisation pay any taxes for the landfill waste ?
 Yes
38

 No
 Not sure
Q-5 At what frequency bins are emptied?
 Once in a day
 Once in a week
 Once in a month
 Not sure
Q-6 Does hotel purchase recycled products?
Yes
No
Not sure
Q-7 What is done with the recycled waste of hotel?
Reused
Sold to other third parties
Not sure
Q-8 Do you believe that recycling is beneficial for sustainability and environment?
Yes
No
Not sure
Q-9 Does organisation has separate bins for collecting recyclable and non-recyclable waste?
Yes
No
Not sure
39

Q-10 Are there any legislative implications in waste disposal methods followed by organisation?
Yes
No
Not sure
Q-11 Do you think there is need to improve the current waste disposal method?
Yes
No
Not sure
Q-12 Is there any recycling scheme or training for the employees?
Yes
No
Not sure
Q- 13 Does equal cooperation is provided by guests in implementing recycling scheme within
organisation?
 Always
 Never
 Sometimes
Q- 14 Does waste management is one of the important concerns for the annual audit of the
company?
 Yes
 Somewhat
 No
 Not sure
40