Change Management Models Analysis

This assignment requires a critical analysis of different change management models. It delves into models such as Lewin's Change Model, Kotter's 8-Steps to Change, the Kubler-Ross Model, Six Sigma, and Mind Mapping. The analysis involves explaining each model, its applications, strengths, limitations, and providing illustrations for clarity. The assignment emphasizes understanding how these models can be applied in real-world situations.

IMPLEMENTING ORGANISATIONAL
CHANGE STRATEGIES

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Task 1...............................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Identify a range of organizational change, models or frameworks........................................4
2.1 Evaluate a range of change implementation models ...........................................................6
2.2 - Identify the criteria to select a change implementation model that supports company
change .......................................................................................................................................9
1.2 Apply a range of creative problem solving techniques to address change challenges .......9
TASK 2..........................................................................................................................................13
3.1 Demonstrate the use of analytical tools to monitor the progress and the effect of change 13
3.2 Assess monitoring and measurement techniques to change within a company ...............14
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................16
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................18
References......................................................................................................................................19

INTRODUCTION
In the full assignment you didn’t link with companys objectives, you unit is about
identifying and developing change strategies to meet organizational objectives that mean
you need to write about company aim and few objectives and link this with full assignment,
you have done full assignment correctly with required model but didn’t link with
companys objective and for this I could get fail full assignment.
Pls check main question again and rework every section required as you just need to add
few lines if require for company objectives.
Change management is concerned with the strategic approach through which the corporation can
make changes in its existing process to enhance efficiency of the company without affecting the
organisational behavior or business environment. When modification takes place within the
workplace, it is generally resisted by the people who are linked with the enterprise. To
implement such alterations into working area, it is essential to implement such strategies which
can support the changes like transparency and effective communication, proper training and
personal counseling.
The present report is being made as a senior manager of AK Retail Holdings Limited. it
is private limited company working in retail clothing sector. The objective of company is to
enhance profitability level and market share. Another objective of the company is to strengthen
its relationship with the stakeholders. Company wants to grow and expand its business
operations so it is planning to make changes in its technologies to match current process with the
latest trends (Atmaca and Girenes, 2013). Report will cover Six Sigma model, ISO 9001 Quality
system and Business Process re-engineering range of change implementation models. Various
analytical tools Balanced Scorecard criteria, Nelson and Aaron’s Stages of Commitment and the
Kubler-Ross Change Curve tools will be discussed to monitor the progress of various alteration
and also strategies which can assist to minimize adverse effects of modifications will be covered
in this assignment.

TASK 1
1.1 Identify a range of organizational change, models or frameworks
To improve performance of enterprise and to expand business, it is essential to apply
appropriate change models which can support the organisation to gain profit. The AK Retail
Holdings wants to make changes in its existing technologies to match with the current trends. To
achieve the desired aim, it is important to have all necessary in depth knowledge about various
models and approaches. If company has made changes in its existing techniques, then it will be
beneficial for the organisation to improve sales and profit of the firm (Goffee and Scase, 2015).
To meet with the competitors, it is essential that enterprise identifies customer needs according
to trends and manufacture its clothes as per the demands of their potential consumers. AK Retail
Holdings must consider various models which can support the company in making various
modifications in the working place.
Six Sigma model
It is the quality measurement tool which reduces defects in the product and strives for
perfection. Being a senior manager of AK Retail Holdings Limited, I will consider this model
beneficial to improve process of the organisation. This method helps to identify issues in current
techniques and then work to eliminate such problems so that the products can be manufactured
by the enterprise perfectly according to the modern trends. Six Sigma has two main
methodologies: DMAIC (defining, measure, analysis, improve and control) and DMADV (Barth,
2013). According to this model being a senior manger I will have to identify the actual desire of
customers and according to those I can understand the root cause of the problem then I would be
able to take measures to eliminate defects. Controlling and continuous monitoring is very
important.

ISO 9001 Quality system
It is the quality management model which supports in achieving the consistent results. It
focuses on customer requirements, safety, reliability and consistency. This model will help me in
improving efficiency and to reduce operational cost of the company. ISO 9001: 2015 strongly
concentrates on risk management and customer satisfaction. This concept emphasizes on
leadership and commitment and by this way I will be able to make subordinates understand
about necessity of changes and thus they can improve their performance (Eden and Ackermann,
2013).
Business Process re-engineering
This is the model which assists to improve productivity of organisations. According to
my perspective, it is very effective tool which assist in reducing cost and cycle time of
manufacturing. Entire method is having four stages:
 Identify existing process and make changes by analysing issues.
 Reviewing
 Design changes
 Test and implementation
2.1 Question guideline: Critically evaluate how these change models can be used to
help meet company objectives and resolve change challenges.
Illustration 1: Six Sigma model
Source: Daft, 2012

2.1 Evaluate a range of change implementation models
Lewin's change model
This is the model which focuses on initiate changes, mange them and to stabilize them
properly. With the help of this module AK Retail Holdings Limited will be able to meet with its
objective and will be able to increase its market share. It has three main stages: Unfreezing: Employees in any organization go through a process of old work styles,
tendencies, habits etc. So it is difficult for employer to implement changes and make
them understand to accept changes (Larsen, Manning and Pedersen, 2013). Resistance is
the initial step; if any change takes place then the mangers of AK Retail Holdings
Limited have to make people understand why these alterations are necessary for the
company. By showing sales figure, financial results, satisfaction level of customer’s etc.
data can give support to management team to frame picture in front of workers and make
them understand the requirement of changes. This will help in gaining their trust and
building relationship with employees of AK Retail Holdings Limited. Change: This is the stage where changes take place. People struggle in these situations,
uncertainties and this increases fear. Workers of AK Retail Holdings Limited feel
uncomfortable in the place and they think to leave the job. It is the actual stage of
implementing modification in the workplace.
 Refreezing: It is the stage in which people has accepted all alterations and they cannot
move back now. It is important stage where the managers must concentrate that these
changed areas will give positive results to the organization. Rewards system must be
introduced by the management of AK Retail Holdings Limited to motivate people. By
this way people will trust on the company and will stay in the organization for ;longer
period. Talented staff members will contribute in the growth of company and thus market
share of the firm will get increased.

Kotter's 8-step Model
For managing changes successfully, Kotter has given model which includes eight steps:
Establish urgency: In this stage, organization has to examine the market and has to identify the
crises and opportunities. Form powerful coalition: For achieving desired aim, strategies are developed by
company in this step. Create and communicate vision: It is all about to communicate the vision and aim with
employees. Empowering broad action: In it, the obstacles is being removed by management and
effective strategies are made by the company to eliminate them (Hamer and Collinson,
2014). Encourage risk taking ideas in such stage. Generate short term wins: In this stage, employer provides rewards to workers to enhance
their performance. Consolidating improvements: Process is reinvested to increase credibility to change
system.
 Institutionalizing new approaches: Leaders continuously support organization to achieve
its goal.
Illustration 2: Lewin's change model
Source: (Change Management Blog, 2015)

Illustration 3: Illustration 2: Kotter's 8-step Model
Source: (Change Management Blog, 2015)
Lewin's change model
Advantage
 It is a simple understandable method.
 Behavior and reaction of employees of
AK Retail Holdings Limited can be
identified clearly.
Disadvantage
 It increases fear in employees of AK
Retail Holdings Limited thus work
efficiency of them gets down.
 Workers of AK Retail Holdings
Limited do not like the workplace thus,
Job turnover increases due to not liking
changing environment.
Kotter's 8-step Model
Advantage
 It is a systematic model, employer can
follow it easily.
Disadvantage
 Opportunity is missed by the AK Retail
Holdings Limited because everyone is
not involved in changing system.
 It is ongoing process; if one step is

skipped in AK Retail Holdings Limited
then overall procedure will be
disturbed.
2.2 - Identify the criteria to select a change implementation model that supports company change
According to my perception, Lewin's change model will be the best suited method and it
will support company change effectively. I will choose this technique for proper working in AK
Retail Holdings. By understanding three distinct stages of this model, I can plan how to
implement changes in the working place. In Unfreezing step, people refuse to accept changes and
at that time I can make them understand necessity of technical changes and if organisation works
with the latest trends then it will be beneficial for the firm. So with the help of this stage, I can
make plan how to represent data to employees so that it may accept changes.
By making graphical representation, including data and figures may make them
understand significantly. In the change stage, sometime workers fear so I can enhance
communication between hierarchies and can empower people so that they feel comfortable. I can
motivate them by giving incentives, promotions and rewards. By understanding the end stage, I
can build confidence among staff member by showing positive results of the organization. So
this model will be helpful and will support the required changes.
1.2 Apply a range of creative problem solving techniques to address change challenges
Changes always create problems in the workplace. If AK Retail Holdings implement
technical changes then employees will resistant the modification and they will not easily accept
them, culture will be harmed, conflicts may occur in the company etc. many more issues are
linked with implementation of changes. As these changes are necessary so AK Retail Holdings
must find solutions of all encountered problems.
 Mind Mapping: It is a graphical presentation which incorporates images, color etc. and
thus it creates memorable representation (Hamer and Collinson, 2014). It supports in
brainstorming and exploring ideas, new ideas can be communicated easily, recalling and
arrangement can be done effectively. According to my perception AK Retail Holdings

can get benefit from this technique because it will help to make people understand
effectively by using graphical figure.
 Lateral thinking: It is a creative and innovative way of thinking outside the box. AK
Retail Holdings can use this method by looking into the issue from unexpected
perspectives and by generating inspirational ideas and novel ways. Rich pictures: It is the methodology of solving complex situations (Wu and Liao, 2014).
It is the technique to explore ideas effectively and by this way the employees will be able
to understand necessity of modification properly and will support the organization in
implementing solutions.
 Focus group: This is the unit which supports to know more about opinion and needs of
internal and external linked members of company . These focus groups can investigate
complex behavior easily because of high experience. As per my perception, it is an
appropriate technique of problem solving and by this way I will be able to identify
problems perfectly and can be able to find the suitable solution.
Illustration 4: Mind mapping
Source: How to Use Mind Maps to Unleash Your Brain's
Creativity and Potential, 2015

1.3 Question guidelines: Identify and justify the change solutions for this scenario
that help achieve company objectives.
Having looked at models which instigate change, and applied creative problem solving
techniques, you should be in a position to identify and justify change solutions. These firstly need
to be matched against organisational aims and objectives and checked for alignment. The use of
workplace examples would add value to your answer.
1.3 Identify and justify change solutions that link to company strategic plans
AK Retail Holdings is the medium size retail organization. There are necessary changes
which can solve the issues of AK Retail Holdings Limited, company needs to adapt modern
technology to meet latest trends, company has to face many issues. Operational, financing,
employees etc. are many problems in which are faced by AK Retail Holdings Limited if it makes
changes in its existing policy. Business Process re-engineering, ISO 9001 Quality system, Six
Sigma model etc. are used to address firm's changes.
Six Sigma
Advantage
It helps AK Retail Holdings Limited to increase
sales of the company and it can give better
results to AK Retail Holdings.
It focuses on necessity of actual data and takes
all decision which is based on facts.
Complicated situation can be handled by this
method.
Disadvantage
Sometimes it creates problem for the
employees of AK Retail Holdings Limited
when no statistical data is available.
It is similar to any other quality initiative
technique (Parker and et. al, 2013).
Business Process re-engineering

Advantage
 It assists in bringing quality products,
reducing cost and supports to meet with
competitors.
 By this method, AK Retail Holdings
Limited can get maximum satisfaction
of customers and can enhance loyalty of
them.
Disadvantage
 It is very automation process but helps
to reduce operational cost of the AK
Retail Holdings Limited.
ISO 9001 Quality system
Advantage
 Main benefit of this model is that it
follows the international standards so
that company can compete with the
global retail organizations.
 It reduces market risk of AK Retail
Holdings Limited. Increase productivity.
Disadvantage
 It decreases innovation and creativity in
AK Retail Holdings Limited.
 ISO standards do not mean that
company will be able to provide quality
products.
As per my perception, by applying ISO 9001 Quality system model AK Retail Holdings
will be able to identify current trends easily and can deal with the latest technology to meet with
the global market. As ISO has maintained standards, so quality product can be delivered by the
organization. That assists to attract more customers thus, sales and profitability also gets higher.
As this model focus on safety and quality, so change can be effectively and positively
implemented by the firm.
Mind Mapping is also a unique and good problem solving strategy according to me
because it resolves issues of AK Retail Holdings Limited in such innovative manner which
creates positive image for the change in employee’s minds. By these models, AK Retail

Holdings will be able to work according to latest trends and can serve better to its valuable
customers.
TASK 2
3.1 Demonstrate the use of analytical tools to monitor the progress and the effect of change
In order to intensify the effectiveness of various techniques applied by our company for
inculcating the technological changes, we shall adopt the following Analytical tools to monitor
the progress as well change in our corporate:
Balanced Scorecard: It is fundamentally a strategic planning and management system
utilized by various entities to align their operations with the aims and objectives of the firms. It is
a means of measuring performance and change within the company. In addition to this, it also
identifies what are the daily marching orders and specific criterion of measurement (Wu and
Liao, 2014). The system on the basis of hard measures also monitors the performance from
Learning & Growth perspective, Business Process Perspective, Customer Perspective and
financial perspective.
Kubler-Ross Change Curve: It describes the 5 stages of grief which the employees or the
managers undergo as a result of any change in the policies or strategies of the company. I have
observed that by implementing the technological changes, the employees of AK Retail showed a
particular pattern of behavior which can be best explained with the following graph:

Illustration 5: Kubler-Ross Model
(Source: Parker and et. al, 2013)
The said model enabled me to analyze experience of employees on the basis of soft
measures and further understand that such transformations can be traumatic for some which may
restrict the success of individual changes. This understanding helped me to formulate tailor made
strategies to make each individual adapt the new technology by undergoing a personal transition
during the process. Hence, specific techniques of communication and guidance were developed
and adopted to address the issues of those who are on the path of change. Furthermore, it was
also observed during the process of implementing various technological advancements that
employees may not essentially move in a linear direction on the graph and may show a random
pattern of reactions or emotions (Hamer and Collinson, 2014).
3.2 Assess monitoring and measurement techniques to change within a company
Usage of the Balanced Scorecard and Kuber-Ross Change Curve to monitor the
introduction of technological changes in the company has resulted into large benefits. The tools

have individually been useful for me in managing the process of technological change in the
following manner:
Balanced Scorecard initially aided me in translating the vision of managers and building
a consensus for introducing the technological change which could further be transmitted at the
lower level to guide their actions. Secondly, it led me to the formation of communication and
linking strategies which could efficaciously transmit the relevant information to the concerned
personnel which also satisfied the individual and unit goals. Thirdly, it directed me to develop a
business plan by integrating with the above findings and also the financial plans. Lastly, I
adopted the practice of feedback and learning by collecting reviews and testing the hypothesis on
which the technological change was introduced. With the help of this process, I could monitor
the change and the respective performance of the company from various perspectives such as
Growth, Customer, financial and the business processes (Barth, 2013).
Kuber-Ross Change Curve also proved to be of great benefit in measuring and
understanding the reaction of the whole workforce towards the technological change. It
acquainted me with the specific manner in which people were dealing with the change and also
the issues being faced by each of them. This helped me to get a better sense of the situation of
formulating tailor made strategies, addressing the specific reactions and issues of employees.
However, one issue which I understood during the implementation of this tool was that it was too
simple and general in nature and not everyone may react with the similar emotions. Hence, the
broad applicability of the tool is one negative element of the tool and hence it was used in a
combination with the balanced scorecard technique to adopt a comprehensive monitoring
approach.
3.3 Analyses strategies to minimize adverse effects of change
It is a known fact that introducing a change in an organizational setup leads to evolution
of resistance from various levels (Goffee and Scase, 2015). Hence, in such a situation the
company is required to adopt various strategies to minimize the adverse effects so posed by the
technological change:
The Force Field Analysis is one such systematic strategy which shall be extremely useful
for decision-making in such a scenario. The technique enables the management to analyze all the

forces which are in favor and which are against the change and further even assists in effectively
communicating the rationale behind a decision. In accordance to the analysis, I can frame the
critical issues in terms of the determined forces such as people, traditions, desires etc. This shall
prove to be a great aid for successfully introducing the change by addressing and monitoring the
movements of these forces. The strategy firstly defines the problem and the objective of the
change to be introduced. It then identifies all the driving and restraining forces or pressures
prevalent in the organization pursuant to the change. Finally, a comprehensive strategy is
evolved in accordance to the findings and observations. In addition, the strategy shall also help to
efficaciously communicate the rationale behind the decision of undergoing the technological
change and make everyone understand the benefits which may be realized by such modifications
(Larsen Manning and Pedersen, 2013).
Another strategy which could be helpful in successfully facing such a scenario is
conducting meetings or sessions wherein the reasons for resistance by different stakeholders such
as employees or the shareholders is individually addressed in upfront manner. Such issues shall
be addressed in a positive manner and for an integrated benefit for all.
TASK 3
4.1 Identify the processes to review the impact of the change
The introduction of major technological changes in AK Retail led to creation of varied
opinions on the success of implementing the change. In order to determine the exact and real
scenario the company adopted the technique of Impact Analysis. It is a brainstorming technique
which enabled me to go through all impacts made by the said change at an operational as well as
strategic level of the enterprise. It further aided me to ascertain issues which may have evolved
in the future and also develop a timely contingent plan for the same. In furtherance to the same, I
determined the following steps to undertake an effective impact analysis:
 Preliminary preparation of a well informed team which assisted me during the whole
process.
 Brainstorming of major affected areas on the basis of McKinsey 7Ss Approach and
identify each of the 'S', followed by ascertainment of various elements affecting each of
them (Parker and et. al, 2013).

 Then, the impacts shall be evaluated in context of each of the 7Ss for determining all the
perspectives related to implementation of the technological change and the related
consequence of the decision.
 At this stage, we ascertained if we shall move ahead with the change then what should
be our approach in continuing with the change. Further, how to minimize the negative
effects prevalent in the organization and mitigate the unwanted consequences (Atmaca
and Girenes, 2013).
4.2 Analyses the results of the impact review
The Impact Analysis of Technological changes in AK Retail gave us results which could
be bifurcated into Hard Measures and Soft Measures. These measures enabled us to ascertain
varied perspectives of success of the implementation process.
Hard Measures: With the assistance of Benchmark data, we gathered information of
each of the areas in context of timely achievement of targets with the help of advanced
technology, growth in the revenue, reduced processing time and so on. Analysis of these data
enabled us to understand clear and exact status of the level of success achieved and also the
result of any loopholes.
Soft Measures: In addition to analysis of the hard measures, we also took assistance from
the 360 degree feedback technique to examine soft measures which could further define the rate
of success in implementing the Technological change. Hence, the resulting motivational levels
among the employees, the change in morale and behavior of varied stakeholders were studied in
depth.
4.3 Question guidelines present the findings of the change strategies within this
scenario in meeting company objectives.
4.3 Present the findings of the impact review
With the help of Impact Analysis in pursuance to adaptation of Technological
advancements in AK Retail the following observations were made:
 The analysis of hard measures revealed a positive trend in revenues earned by the
company. The main objective of AK retail is to enhance its profitability level along with

market share. This objective has been efficiently accomplished by business with
presence of effective strategies. Further, through new tools and techniques it is possible
to satisfy need of target market in efficient manner and has positive impact on brand
image of organization also It was also reported that the productivity of employees was
enhanced due to technological assistance in undertaking various tasks and a new trend
of timely achievement of the targets was developed.
 It was also observed that the effective communication of the rationale behind the
decision to adapt advances technology and addressing the issues of various stakeholders
escalated the motivational and engagement level of all the employees which also
showed an increased production from their end. The change was then widely accepted
by the employees and an enthusiasm was observed among the employees to finish
additional tasks within the same time frame.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that by implementing effective change
strategies company can enhance its fruitfulness and lucrativeness. As a small firm, AK retail
holding adopted ISO 9001 Quality system technique to implement changes according to the
modern trends. This supported the organization to maintain standards of global market. Mind
mapping was impressive technique which assisted in solving problem. Graphical representation
helped the people in understanding about the required modifications. The Force Field Analysis
and rest other tools supported in implementing changes in AK retail holdings. These techniques
effectively worked to minimize adverse effects of changes.

REFERENCES
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