Motivating Healthcare Workers

This assignment delves into the critical topic of motivating healthcare workers. It examines various factors that influence their motivation levels, including leadership styles, organizational structure, and the impact of tangible and intangible rewards. The analysis highlights the importance of understanding these influences to create a more engaged and productive healthcare workforce.

LEADING BUSINESS
ORGANIZATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
1. Critically discussing the way in which Marks and Spencer can motivate its employees
during the time of changes by using models and theories...........................................................3
2. Critically Evaluation of Steve Rowe's leadership style ..........................................................6
3. Analyze how Marks and Spencer's new management structure will contribute to success of
the organization............................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
In a leading business organization, challenge for leader arises at the time of managing
employees in a company. Leaders have limited authority over the employees they are guiding,
directing and supporting in performing their tasks. In a company, employee’s performance is
influenced by motivation, their ability and the working environment of firm. In the present
report, Marks and Spencer has been chosen which is specialized in selling of cloths, luxury food
products and home items. It was found in 1884 by Michael Marks and Thomas Spencer
(Organizational structure and corpaorte culture 2014).
Present report is based on tools which can motivate employees during the time of
changes. Apart from that, different leadership styles are applied in the organization. Also,
various strategies have been shown in the report which are required to be used for increasing
sales and profitability. In this report, new management structure for the success of organization is
compared with other firm’s structure.
1. Critically discussing the way in which Marks and Spencer can motivate its employees during
the time of changes by using models and theories
There are so many tools for motivating the employees during time of changes. Some of
them are discussed as below:
 Empowerment: In Marks and Spencer, employees are motivated by empowerment
which is an intrinsic motivator. Organization can empower employees by giving
responsibility and authority to an individual for making basic decision (Wöhr, M. and
Schwarting, R. K., 2013.). They can also motivate the workforce by encouraging them to
take a part in organization’s activities, thinking something creative and innovative. All
these factors make employees feel that they are a crucial part of business. It makes them
able to move towards company's objective and achieving it in the desired manner within
stipulated time period.
 Proper participation: In Marks and Spencer, numerous opportunities include training or
classes required to make them better at job for employees. Many opportunities are
provided to them to develop their skills with training and development sessions. It makes
them capable in achieving the tasks with additional skills and this can be acquired

through training (Tangible and intangible employee motivation tools. 2013). When
employees get trained and their skills get developed, they become more active with high
confidence for working in an effectual manner. Promotion is given to employees on
yearly basis. Incentives on their extra work are provided to them which helps in making
the workforce able to perform with higher efficiency and effectiveness.
 Proper leadership: Trust is a powerful motivational tool. Leaders have the quality to win
trust of employees which will result in influencing the working people easily for
achieving success (Moulin-Frier, C., Nguyen, S. M. and Oudeyer, P. Y., 2014). In Marks
and Spencer, leaders give direct feedback through communicating face to face regarding
their performance. They treat then in a well manner and also, include workers in business
meetings. Thus, it can be said that trust plays a significant role in motivating manpower
to perform with their highest level of potential.
 Monetary incentives: It is also very challenging for company to motivate employees
through providing rewards. In Marks and Spencer, people are encouraged by providing
them rewards on their performance. Rewards are the monetary incentives which
employees receive on their work performance (Mutale, W., and et.al., 2013). Salary and
wages are the most important motivational factors. So, it should be fixed and paid on
time to workers. Money is a monetary reward which is given to employees in order to
make them motivated so that their need will get fulfilled as well as organizational
productivity and profitability would also get enhanced. Financial incentives are the
additional rewards such as hard duty allowances, children educational allowances, etc.
which are given to employees for motivating them in a company.
 Non-monetary incentives: Non-monetary incentives do not involve money but they are
other benefits which do not include any financial reward. It includes promotion,
recognition and appreciation. It increases the morale of employees to a high extent. For
example: Marks and Spencer include flexible working hours, security of services and
promotion opportunities that are provided to their employees for motivating them to work
effectually in company (Silva, 2014). Healthy working environment like support from
seniors, better coordination as well as ambiance of firm improves the employee’s
performance at work.

 Numerous opportunity: In Marks and Spencer, lots of opportunities are provided to the
workforce for motivating them at the time of changes. Medical plan is one of them that
considers the health related need of employees and their families (Kim, H., Kang, and
et.al., 2016). All benefits lead to make manpower stay in company for longer period of
time and motivate them towards achieving their goals.
 Share profit: In this firm, if employees are given with incentives they will give their
effort to company. This helps in increasing their motivation which would ultimately help
in gaining higher profits in the organization. It also plays a vital role in promoting the
team work and higher coordination among employees.
 Proper communication: Sometimes, improper communication between workers and
management creates issues concerned with communication. Employees are the important
part of organization and they want to get involved in business meetings and discussions
to share their ideas. It leads to demotivate the workforce and affects their performance as
well (Bhatti and Haider, 2014). If manager keeps strong relations with employees and
communicates and listen their problems then the working people would feel that they are
being valued in the firm which ultimately result in increasing their motivation and job
satisfaction. It would prove to be highly helpful in boosting the productivity and
profitability of firm with improved efficiency of employees.

2. Critically Evaluation of Steve Rowe's leadership style
In Marks & Spencer, there is newly appointed CEO for running their business activities
and functions. The CEO is Steve Rowe who has assigned with many roles and responsibilities
towards Marks and Spencer. In the present case, company has faced the problem of down fall in
sales and raised competition from rivals. Firm’s profit margin has been decreased due to reduced
sales (Safi and et.al., 2016). Thus, organization has appointed new CEO for building a new
structure of activities and to support the firm to recover its losses and in gaining its previous
position in the market. CEO has various responsibilities like planning and formulating strategies,
setting objectives, building report and recording the results of each activity and its sales,
analyzing the financial statement, etc. At present, Steve Rowe is using the transnational
leadership style.
In this, focus on short term planning is there management process. Main objective of this
leadership style is to motivate and direct employees. Steve Rowe have power to lead the
employees and workers. According to this style, Steve Rowe believes in motivating employees
either by rewards or by punishments. Managers and team members set their goals together (Lin
and et.al., 2015). Employees and subordinates have to obey the orders of higher authority. Steve
Rowe follows the structure of organization where it is clear that what is required by employees
and when rewards should be provided to them according to the performance. This style is
effective for management practices because it have clear structure and objectives also it have
system of rewards and incentives. However, there are some drawbacks as well along with this
style. like it follows the punishment of employees. It can be not suitable for higher level of
people thought and development. With this leadership style, there are chances that employees get
frustrated due to risk of having punishment. This can be suitable for lower level of workers and
subordinates.
Steve Rowe is required to fulfill various responsibilities and roles in company. He is
responsible to recover company’s losses and increase productivity and profitability in the sales.
According to the given case, Marks and Spencer has faced various problems due to decrease in
the sales. If it is compared the marks and Spencer with the Mc Donald, Kellogg cereal, and
Starbucks (Safi and et.al., 2016). These company's profitability and financial condition has good
as compare to the marks and Spencer. As per the case, company involved employees in decision

making process and allows them to open communication with every level of organization. Thus,
there has arise the various problem regarding to the unique decision and delay in the process.
However, McDonald’s uses autocratic leadership style for running their business functions and
activities. Under this, it has not taken involvement of subordinates and workers in the final
decision, thus, decision has unique and valuable So, its financial statement, productivity and
profitability is better as compared to Steve Rowe. So, it has been recommended to Steve Rowe
that it should use the autocratic leadership style under which company's higher authority and
manager has to take the important decisions regarding company policy , strategy, planning etc.
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Autocratic leadership style is one of the leader centered style. In this, there is complete
centralization of authority with the leader. He/she is only the person who takes all
responsibilities to run their business functions and activities. He/she has the power to take
decision and design company’s culture and structure (De Hoogh, Greer and Den Hartog, 2015).
Along with that, here, leader does planning and makes strategy for running the operations of
company in a smooth manner. Leader has to design the tasks of his workers and subordinates
with having tight control on them. In this leadership style, employees are bound to follow his
order and directions. This style helps company to take decisions quickly and effectually.
Through this style, leader can strongly motivate and satisfy his followers because entire
authority and decisions are in his hands because of which chances of business and conflicts
reduces to a high extent. Marks and Spencer should use the autocratic leadership style because
there business is at declining stage and there is the need to appoint the person who can handle all
responsibilities regarding company’s growth and functions so that firm would have focus to
reappoint the new CEO who is having capability to recover all losses within company. Through
autocratic leadership style, CEO can be able to design policies and strategies which can help the
firm for recover the losses. In this leadership style, only higher authority can take important
decisions regarding management. No other employee can give suggestions and they are not
allowed to interfere in the final decisions of business. So, there will not be any kind of delay in
the process and confusion (Adeyemo, Dzever and Lambert, 2015). To critically evaluate this
leadership style, it will be suitable for Marks and Spencer but some drawbacks are also there that
are associated with this leadership style. It can demotivate the employees because they cannot
take participation in the decision making process so, they may have feel like they are machines
and not considered to be the valuable assets of firm. Along with that, sometimes, taking fast
decision may have negative impact on company because employees cannot adopt new decision
and criteria for running the business activities (Kalami and Ahmadi, 2015). Quick decision
sometimes may prove to be wrong. Marks and Spencer should adopt effective leadership style
according to the present situation of business. Every time, one leadership style cannot be
followed as market conditions get changed with which alteration needs to be required in the
working environment of firm (Carayannis, Sindakis, and Walter 2015). Higher authority needs
to focus on suitable leadership style which will match with company’s targets. So, it can be able
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to resolve the problem of decreasing sales and increasing productivity and profitability of
company.
3. Analyse how Marks and Spencer's new management structure will contribute to success of the
organization
Marks and Spencer follow the flat organizational structure. This structure have limited
level of management between upper level and front line employees. By following this structure
most responsibilities are given to people lower down in the company (Bhatti and Haider, 2014).
Problem faced by middle managers because they can feel loss of power. Marks and Spencer
management can easily lose control if there are less people to support or on their decision. For
maintain the structure company many not take new opportunity, as a result long term growth of
organization may stop.
However, Starbucks coffees company has a matrix organizational structure, which
evolved to meets current business needs. Starbucks get succeed because its organizational
structure grows with business. Starbucks organizational structure also involves graphical
division. There is one senior vice president in each geographical division. Feature of their
organization structure is to supports closer managerial support for geographical needs (Bhatti and
Haider, 2014). There is a high degree of flexibility for adjusting strategies and policy to market
condition. Starbucks also done product division on basis of this structure. It also develops and
innovates its product with support from its organization structure. Functional structure of their
company refer to activity based on business function. Teams are made in different part of
company structure and they are organized to deliver goods and service to customer.
However, I can recommend to Marks and Spencer that the organization should adopt
matrix structure because it is permanent organized designed for achieving specific result (Senge,
2014). It is also a combination two or more types of structure It can also specialize by using
team for different functional area.
Matrix structure will help Marks and Spencer to achieve higher efficiency and quick
market adaption. This structure is most suitable for company to operate in dynamic environment.
Basic matrix structure is authority of functional manager flows vertically downwards.
Marks and Spencer new matrix structure will influence management, leadership and
communication and other variables for success of business.
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There features of new organizational structure which lead to success are as follow
 Functional structure: Starbucks also follow this functional structure and get success so
this structure will also help Marks and Spencer for getting success. Functional structure
also help to. make group based on business function. It will facilitate top down
monitoring and control, with the CEO at the top.
 Geographic divisions: This structure also involve geographical division western,
northwest, southwest, and northeast (Kleinbaum, Stuart and Tushman, 2013). They can
appoint senior vice president for each geographic division. This feature of Marks and
Spencer support closer managerial for geographic need. It will also provide flexibility in
adjusting strategy and lead to company success.
 Teams: Teams are most important at lower level of organization. They delivers goods
and services to customers. This feature enable Marks and Spencer to provide fast and
effective service to company. If employees work in group they will perform more
efficiently under the guidance of good team leader. They will come up with more
innovative ideas which help in success of the company. This new structure will contribute
for success of company.
 Product based division: Marks and Spencer can use product based division in their
management structure (Goldman, 1995). Clothing product home product and luxury food
product.
For Example, Marks and Spencer can done a division of their clothing product, home
product and another division of luxury food product. This feature of firm structure enables them
to focus on different product line. It will also help in developing its products with support of this
structure.
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Through this structure it will lead to an efficient exchange of information. If Marks and
Spencer follow this organization structure then they can communicate with each other for
frequently solving the issues. Efficient line of communication will increase the productivity, it
enable to increase overall profit of company (Kaplan and Norton, 2001). This structure
encourages a democratic leadership style. Members of the the team are involved in decision
making process by a leader. communication between manager and employees helps employee to
solve their problem and motivate them for working hard for their company.
A Marks and Spencer resources are used efficiently, reduce the wastage of resources.
Employees at the position of selling the product are in contact of customer (Ashman, and et.al.,
2014). Through contact with customer helps in sharing of information about the taste and
preference of customer. Which will help for them in improving their product according to
customer demand. Marks and Spencer will succeeds if they follow matrix structure, it enable the
company to optimize processes and improve quality of goods and services.
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Illustration 1: Matrix structure
(Source: http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/organization/8-types-of-
organisational-structures-their-advantages-and-disadvantages/22143/)

CONCLUSION
From this project report it has been conclude that marks and Spencer has been used the
various tools of motivation for motivating their employees in the organisation. It has been also
conclude that mark and Spencer should have use the matrix structure in their organisation for
earn the success in their business. Steve Rowe has used the autocratic leadership style I the
business for lead their subordinates and workers also for running the business function. This
project recommended tools and strategies to mark and Spencer for recover their growth and
success.
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