Research Methodology Project

This research project examines the impact of high employee turnover on the productivity and profitability of Giant Hypermarket, a leading retail chain in Malaysia. The study utilizes a deductive approach and a survey strategy to collect data from 40 respondents. It explores the effectiveness of motivational theories, such as process and content theories, in retaining employees and improving efficiency levels. The project also examines the significance of employee retention, the ways Giant Hypermarket can improve its market share, and the ethical considerations involved in the research.

Research Methodology

Table of Content
1) Title and Introduction: ................................................................................................................1
2) Significance and rational or research: ........................................................................................2
3) Research questions .....................................................................................................................2
4) Research Objectives and Framework .........................................................................................2
5) Literature Review .......................................................................................................................3
6) Research methodology and design: ............................................................................................7
7) Ethical Consideration..................................................................................................................9
8) Outcomes.....................................................................................................................................9
9) Timeline and Gantt chart:..........................................................................................................10
10 References.................................................................................................................................11
11 Appendix ..................................................................................................................................13

1) Title and Introduction:
Title:
“To identify the influence of high turnover of employees on productivity of company”. A
case study on Giant Hypermarket.
Introduction:
Turnover introduce as an act of replacing workers with a new employees. Turnover rate
is identify as a percentage of workers in an organisation that leave during a specific period of
time. High turnover of employees is main issue for the each and every enterprise because it
reduce their productivity as well as profitability level.
For this research, chosen organisation is Giant Hypermarket which is a retail chain in
Malaysia. It was founded in 1944 by Teng Family and headquartered in Shah Alam, Selangor,
Malaysia. The Giant is operating under the retail sector,its main challengers are Milimewah,
Servay etc. Company specialise in dealing with Dish washer, liquid softener, Sos Ketchup Chilli,
Mineral water and many other products at reasonable price. They also offer different range of
local merchandise including fresh local vegetables, fruits and seafood in a wet market
environment. High turnover of employee is a main issue for the company because it decrease
productivity and market share. Along with this, employee turnover is an effective situation where
workers exit the company voluntarily for different reasons and they are relived by an enterprise
or retire. Therefore, it is a warning sign of less moral among the company's employees, which is
main factor that impacts the productivity and profitability of the company. Company offers fresh
produce, groceries and fresh foods. An organisation also gives marketing support and technical
assistance to SMEs via different industry associations and government agencies. Giant
Hypermarket is a well established and famous retail chain in different countries. They are
successful because of their quality products or services and best communication channels.
Recently, high employees turnover is biggest issue which is faced by company and its effect on
their productivity and profitability level in a direct manner (Awan and Tahir, 2015).
Employees turnover can be very expansive for a Giant, specially if it is a voluntary
document of human capital investment from an enterprise and subsequent replacement activity.
Replacement cost includes search of external labour market, formal and informal training and
many other. It is also effect on business performance and market share. For this research high
turnover of employees is identified as a main issue which impact on company and its
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productivity in direct manner. Therefore market share of an enterprise is automatically decrease
which is not good for business reputation. It will negatively impact on company in different ways
such as by reducing revenue, low workplace morale, deteriorating product or services quality,
reduction in marketing return on investment and many other way. In order to overcome such type
of issue, company require to develop different types of motivation theory which will help them
in retaining workers for long duration within an enterprise. Therefore, process and content
theory of motivation is essential for the company to accomplish long term goals and objectives
as well as maintain strong image in market (Kim, Song and Lee, 2016).
2) Significance and rational or research:
Main reason behind conducting this research is to identifying the impact of high
employees turnover on business productivity and profitability of Giant. For analysing
information about this topic, research is identify as one of the main and essential way. This
information help an organisation in future to maintain staff turnover rate and accomplish better
results within predetermined time period. Staff turnover is a main problem which is faced by
almost organisation and impacts on its sales and revenue. In order to overcome such problem,
company make a SMART objectives. For this, business decide to retain 75% of staff members
within 5 year of time period. Along with, company also use different types of motivational
theory which will help an employees to maintain strong and long term relation with the company
(Alkahtani, 2015).
3) Research questions
It is identify as a main section of research because entire study is based on them. In this
researcher play a vital role for preparing some relevant questions about the research. There are
some important and useful questions prepare by investigator which are determined as under:
 What are the importance of retaining employees long time in the organisation.
 What are the ways used by Giant Hypermarket to improve their market share.
 What are the effectiveness of motivational theory for increasing efficiency level of
employees.
4) Research Objectives and Framework
SMART Objectives:
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In order to achieve research questions, investigator need to develop SMART objectives.
It is identify as an effective framework for addressing all research questions effectively and
systematically. For this objectives are describe as a specific, measurable, achievable, relevant
and time bounded. There are some objectives in SMART way which are determined as under:
 To retain 75% of employees of an organisation for at least 5 year of time period.
 To improve market share by 10% within 1 year of time period.
 To increase efficiency of employees within 5 months of time period by application
reliable motivational theory.
5) Literature Review
Literature review is identify as a comprehensive summary or detail of previous study of a
research topic. This part of research review books, survey scholarly paper and many other
relevant sources to a specific field of investigation. The review of literature should enumerate,
summarize, describe, clarify and evaluate previous research. Main objectives and purpose of
literature review is to present the literature in an organised manner. Another aim of this section
is to critically analysis data collected by identifying gaps in actual knowledge. It is a part of
secondary source which is essential for the researcher to accumulate relevant information about
the topic. In this section, different authors and writers are give their opinion about the topic
which will help in arriving further research in a systematic and effective manner.
The importance of retaining employees long time in the organisation
According to the Alice Greedus, (2018), employees in each and every organisation play
vital role for the success and growth of an enterprise. In Giant, there are various number of
employees are work with having purpose of achieving long term goals and objectives within
predetermined time period. It is a role of business manager to retain long term relation with their
staff members. There are different benefits for company to retaining long term and strong
relation with the customers. Some importance of effective relation with employees are
determined as under:
Productivity: Strong employee relation develop a pleasant condition within the work
atmospheres. As it increase the motivation level among workforce and can also be maximised
their morale. Business that have invested into effective employee relation events have
experienced maximise in the productivity level. Thus, the increased level of productivity leads
to maximise in profit and sales for the Giant. Long term relation with workers also essential for
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an enterprise to enhance their goodwill and reputation in market and in customer's mind.
Therefore, it will help the company by increasing its market share and profit.
Employee Loyalty: In order to developing pleasant and productive work atmospheres has
a direct effect on worker's loyalty or trust to the organisation. Thus, it is beneficial for the
company by encouraging loyalty among workforce. Having such type of employees enhances
worker retention and also help in cutting cost of recruitment, training and hiring. Thus,
employees loyalty is essential and beneficial for the company to accomplish better outcomes
within preset time duration.
Training and development: Retaining employees for long time decrease cost of training.
Recruits require to be trained and educated in business practices particular to the employer's
culture, software and office practices. Training needs one or more actual workforce to take time
away from the responsibility of their job to educate the new workers on the enterprise's way of
doing business operations and functions systematically.
The ways used by Giant Hypermarket to improve their market share
Giant Hypermarket is a retail chain in Malaysia and many other countries. In the
organisation, there are different employees are work and need better relation with managers or
company. Along with this, in order to maintain strong and long lasting relation with the workers
help an organisation to improve their market share. There are different ways suggest to the Giant
Hypermarket to enhance their market share, some are determined as under:
Retain employees long time: It is identify as one of the main and essential way for the
company to enhance their market share. For this, there are different roles and responsibility of
business manager to retain strong relation with workers. As they play vital role by providing
training classes to those employees who have lack of knowledge regarding business policies and
strategies. Thus, it will support Giant Hypermarket to keep long run relation with the staff
members and improve their market share within predetermined time period.
Encouraging motivation among employees: This is refer as an effective and more
important way for the company to enhance their market share. For example: reputation or image
of an enterprise is affected by the high turnover of workers. This develop a different issue for the
business administrator. A lot of money and time go waste in hiring staff members and providing
them training and education in repeated manner. In this, only motivation can save an enterprise
from such type of wastage. Thus, motivated employees work for a longer period of time in the
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company and there is reduction in the employees turnover. Thus, motivated workers help an
organisation by working with full loyalty and also support them to maximise their market share.
Develop innovation: According to the LESLIE KRAMER, (2018), innovation introduce
as an another and beneficial way by which Giant Hypermarket may maximise market share. For
this, company decide to implementing new technology in market place with the purpose of
retaining better relation with the customers. Therefore, technology help an enterprise to easily
communicate all information about feature of products and services to the customers. Thus, they
are already aware about the offers, products etc. of company which will help an organisation to
enhance their market share and accomplish better results easily.
The effectiveness of motivational theory for increasing efficiency level of employees
As per the point of view of Smriti Chand, (2018), motivation is refer as an internal and
external factor that stimulate energy and desire in workers to be committed and interested to a
job in continue basis. Employee motivation is highly essential for Giant Hypermarket by
increasing employee commitment, improving workers satisfaction, ongoing employee
development, enhancing efficiency level and many other. All this ways are assist an enterprise to
retain long term relation with the workers and also support them in maximising productivity
level. Beside this, Giant Hypermarket use two types of motivation theory such as content and
process, both are beneficial for the company to improve efficiency level of workers easily.
Process theory: It is identify as an effective system of idea that describe how an
organisation changes and develops. This theory has different another theory which will support
an enterprise to motivate their workers and enhance its efficiency level. Skinner's reinforcement
theory, Vroom's Expectancy, Adam's Equity and Locke's Goal setting, all this are identify as a
main example of process theory and help the company to maintain efficiency level of workers.
Apart from this, Vroom's Expectancy theory used by the Giant because it easily motivate
workers and support an organisation to improve their market share.
Adam's Equity theory: This theory is based in the idea or thought that employees are
motivated and promoted by fairness. Main aim and motive of this theory is to strike a balance
between a worker's output and input within a workplace. If the staff member is capable in order
to analysis accurate balance among members, it would lead to an effective and more productive
relationship with an administration. This theory is used by the Giant Hypermarket to retain
strong and better relation with the workers. Thus, it is essential and useful for the retail chain to
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overcome high turnover of employees easily. It is also effective for the business to maintain
strong reputation in market.
Content Theory: It is another type of motivation theory which help an organisation to
identify needs and wants of employees. There are different examples of content theory such as
Maslow's need Hierarchy, Herzberg's motivation hygiene, McClelland's needs and Alderfer's
ERG. All this are essential and support an organisation to motivate their workforce and enhance
its efficiency level. Maslow's need Hierarchy theory is beneficial and useful for the company
which has different stages are determined as under:
Maslow's hierarchy of needs: It is most essential theory developed by Abraham Maslow
in the 1940s and 1950s. This theory has some level which help an individual employee to fulfil
their self-esteem, belongingness and love, safety and security, self actualisation and
physiological needs. All this are effective needs because fulfilment of those requirement
company can easily enhance efficiency in their workforce.
Self-actualisation: This need mainly related with training, growth, creativity and
advancement of workers. By fulfilling such needs company can easily increase efficiency level
among all employees.
Esteem needs: It is identify as an another requirement which is related with the
responsibility, high status and recognition of staff members. In this, business manager play vital
role by providing task responsibility to the employees as per its qualification and experience.
Thus, it will maximise efficiency in workers and help an organisation to improve their market
share easily.
Belongingness and Love: Love with clients, supervisors, teams, subordinates are identify
as a belongingness needs of employees. Better relation with the boss is identify one of the main
and essential way for the employees to work for long term within an organisation. It is also assist
them to maximise their efficiency and performance level in the organisation (Jiang and Liu,
2015).
Safety and security: Job security, health insurance, work safety etc., are identify as a
main example of such type of needs. It is a role and responsibility of business manager to
provide safe work environment to their staff members. It help an employer to retain long lasting
relation with their employees and attain better results easily.
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Physiological needs: This need is related with the basic salary, compensation of workers
according to their job performance. For increasing efficiency level of employees, company
should provide basic salary to their workers as per its performance and qualification in the
company. Thus, it also assist an enterprise to keep strong reputation at marketplace (Jaiswal and
Dhar, 2016).
Therefore, all research questions help an organisation to achieve their SMART objectives
in given period of time. Retaining workers for long term is essential for the Giant Hypermarket
to retain 75% of employees of an organisation for at least 5 year of time period. For achieving
this objectives; to improve market share by 10% within 1 year of time period, company should
develop innovation, Retain employees long time and Encourage motivation among employees.
Apart from this, process and content theory of motivation is also effective for the company to
increase efficiency of employees within 5 months of time period by application reliable
motivational theory.
6) Research methodology and design:
Research methodology introduce as an essential part of research project which is used by
researcher to accumulate relevant information for the intent of making business decisions. This
section may cover interviews, publication research, survey and other useful research techniques.
Main purpose of research methodology is to collect accurate data about the topic from the
respondents. For this, research onion framework is essential and valuable for an investigator to
identify different methods for gathering data from the participants about the field of study. This
framework has some layers which are determined as under in systematic manner:
Research Philosophy: Interpretivism philosophy introduce as a form of qualitative
methodology (Mackey and Gass, 2015). It will be applied in evaluating information in an
effective way which will further outputs in occurring at the accurate conclusion. Another
philosophy is positivism which is not suitable and valuable for an investigator in carrying out
research effectively (Huang and et. al., 2016).
Research Approach: Deductive and inductive are identify as an essential approach of
research used by an investigator to identify customer's response towards field of study. With the
use of deductive approach researcher can create a theory and arrange research strategy to test
theory or hypothesis. On the other hand, inductive approach is also applied by the researcher to
accumulate information and develop suitable theory as an outcome of data analysis. In this
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research, researcher used deductive approach because it is more suitable for this topic (Sankar,
2015).
Research Strategy: It is a rod map of research which is used towards achieving goals for
field of study. There are some different research strategies including archival research, case
study, survey, action research, grounded theory etc. all this are important but as per the research
study survey is useful for accumulating proper response of respondents.
Research Choice: In a research, investigator can apply single data collection tool and
corresponding data analysis. In this qualitative and quantitative data collection method is useful
for gathering relevant information from the investigator. For this topic, qualitative research
method is suitable because it provide quality information about the topic to the investigator
(Grossmeier and et. al., 2016).
Time Horizon: Gantt Chart is identify as a time horizon technique which is used by the
researcher to analysis time period regarding the starting and ending time of each activities. Thus,
it is a best framework for the researcher to complete each and every activity of study in given
time duration.
Techniques and Procedures, and Research Instruments: Questionnaire is identify as an
important techniques and instrument of research which is followed by the researcher to analysis
customer's response towards the study or topic (Lewis, 2015). This instrument help an
investigator by saving time and providing better outcomes for further research.
Data Source: There are two types of data source used by the investigator to accumulate
appropriate amount of information related to the topic. Primary and secondary source are
identified as main and foremost method for collecting data from the sample size. In case of
primary method, questionnaire will be prepared by researcher with the purpose of finding
customer's response towards specific research topic. On the other hand, secondary source of data
collection is also useful for the researcher to accumulate relevant information about the topic.
For this, they need to use books, journals, articles, magazines, publication research and other
sources. Therefore, both primary and secondary source of data accumulation useful but
according to the study, questionnaire instrument as a part of primary method is more valuable
because it provide accurate information (Dhar, 2015).
Research Sampling: Random and non-random, both are identify as a sampling method in
research. In case of random sampling method, in which entire member of a population have an
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independent and equal possibility of being chosen (Vaioleti, 2016). Under, non-random sampling
method, in which samples are collected in a process that does not provide entire persons in the
groups independent opportunities of being selected. Both are useful, but as per the research topic,
non-random sampling and in which convenience method used because it is consider as cheapest,
easiest and least time consuming. With the help of this method, selected sample size is 40
respondents (Popli and Rizvi, 2016).
Research Ethics: It is mainly related with certain principles such as anonymity,
confidentiality and informed consent. All this are important and consider by the researcher when
asking some questions related to the topic from the selected sample size.
Research Limitation: There are various issue which are noticed at the period of
executing study. According to the topic, time is consider as major limitation because topic is vast
for getting response from the respondents.
Research Reliability and Validity: Questionnaire is consider as a reliability and validity
part of research which will help an investigator to collect valuable data from the respondents
about the topic (Vaioleti, 2016).
Research Budget: It is refer as a last and essential part for the research which is based on
project cost. For identifying impact of high turnover of employees on productivity level of Giant
Hypermarket, researcher need accurate amount of capital which is consider as a part of research
cost (Collini, Guidroz and Perez, 2015).
7) Ethical Consideration
Ethical consideration are identify as a critical and important part in research. Ethics are
introduce as a standards or norms for organise that distinguish between accurate and inaccurate.
They support to analysis the differences between unacceptable and acceptable behaviours. It is a
role of researcher to ask relevant and simple questions to the respondents. Thus, it will help an
accumulating proper data or information from the respondents (Mackey and Gass, 2015).
8) Outcomes
In order to overcome issue related to the high turnover of employees is essential for the
company to achieve better outcomes within predetermined time duration. For this, company
follow different types of motivation theory which will help them to retain long lasting relation
with employees. Thus, it is beneficial for the organisation to attain better results in given time
9

period. It will also support a firm to manage strong reputation in market. Effective relation with
employees support the retail chain to increase their productivity and market share in given period
of time.
9) Timeline and Gantt chart:
Gantt chart is introduce as a most useful and popular ways of displaying tasks or
activities shown against time. In addition, it is a useful and valuable graphical technique which
shows tasks performed against period of time. In this all activities are broken down on a chart
which creates it is simple It is more effective technique used by the investigator to analysis
starting and closing time period of research activities. There are different activities such as
introduction, literature review, methodology, data analysis and interpretation, conclusion and
recommendation. All this are identify as a main activity of completing research project within
given time period. Thus, it is main requirement of researcher to easily and timely do each and
every activity of research (Lewis, 2015).
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10 References
Alkahtani, A. H., 2015. Investigating factors that influence employees’ turnover intention: a
review of existing empirical works. International Journal of Business and Management
10(12). p.152.
Awan, A. G. and Tahir, M. T., 2015. Impact of working environment on employee’s
productivity: A case study of Banks and Insurance Companies in Pakistan. European
Journal of Business and Management. 7(1). pp.329-345.
Collini, S. A., Guidroz, A. M. and Perez, L. M., 2015. Turnover in health care: the mediating
effects of employee engagement. Journal of nursing management. 23(2). pp.169-178.
Dhar, R. L., 2015. Service quality and the training of employees: The mediating role of
organizational commitment. Tourism Management. 46. pp.419-430.
Grossmeier, J and et. al., 2016. Linking workplace health promotion best practices and
organizational financial performance: tracking market performance of companies with
highest scores on the HERO scorecard. Journal of occupational and environmental
medicine. 58(1). pp.16-23.
Haltiwanger, J., Jarmin, R. S., Kulick, R. B. and Miranda, J., 2016. High growth young firms:
Contribution to job, output and productivity growth.
Huang, L.C and et. al., 2016. High performance work systems, employee well-being, and job
involvement: An empirical study. Personnel Review. 45(2). pp.296-314.
Jaiswal, D. and Dhar, R. L., 2016. Impact of perceived organizational support, psychological
empowerment and leader member exchange on commitment and its subsequent impact
on service quality. International Journal of Productivity and Performance
Management. 65(1). pp.58-79.
Jiang, J. Y. and Liu, C. W., 2015. High performance work systems and organizational
effectiveness: The mediating role of social capital. Human Resource Management
Review. 25(1). pp.126-137.
Kim, J. S., Song, H. J. and Lee, C. K., 2016. Effects of corporate social responsibility and
internal marketing on organizational commitment and turnover intentions. International
Journal of Hospitality Management. 55. pp.25-32.
Lewis, S., 2015. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five
approaches. Health promotion practice. 16(4). pp.473-475.
Mackey, A. and Gass, S. M., 2015. Second language research: Methodology and design.
Routledge.
Nazir, S., Shafi, A., Qun, W., Nazir, N. and Tran, Q. D., 2016. Influence of organizational
rewards on organizational commitment and turnover intentions. Employee Relations.
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Popli, S. and Rizvi, I. A., 2016. Drivers of employee engagement: The role of leadership
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Sankar, M., 2015. Impact of hygiene factors on employee retention: Experimental study on
paper industry. Indian Journal of Management Science. 5(1). pp.58-61.
Tanwar, K. and Prasad, A., 2016. Exploring the relationship between employer branding and
employee retention. Global Business Review. 17(3_suppl), pp.186S-206S.
Vaioleti, T. M., 2016. Talanoa research methodology: A developing position on Pacific
research. Waikato Journal of Education. 12(1).
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Zhang, Y., 2016. A review of employee turnover influence factor and countermeasure. Journal
of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies. 4(02). p.85.
Online
Alice Greedus, 2018. The importance of employee retention. [Online]. Available
through:<https://www.cv-library.co.uk/recruitment-insight/importance-employee-
retention-boost/>.
LESLIE KRAMER, 2018. How Can Companies Increase Market Share. [Online]. Available
through:<https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/031815/what-strategies-do-
companies-employ-increase-market-share.asp>.
Smriti Chand, 2018. Motivation Theories. [Online]. Available
through:<http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/motivation/motivation-theories-top-8-
theories-of-motivation-explained/35377>.
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11 Appendix
Questionnaire
Q1) Are you aware about the idea of high employee turnover?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) Which factors mostly impact your decision to leave the job?
a) Low salary
b) Low career growth
c) Negative behaviour of Supervisors
d) Other
Q3) What are the motivational theory used by company for increasing efficiency level of
employees?
a) Process theory of motivation
b) Content theory of motivation
Q4) What are the importance of retaining employees long time in the organisation?
a) Employee Loyalty
b)Training and development
c) Increment in Productivity
Q5) If high turnover of employees impacts on productivity and performance of Giant
Hypermarket?
a) Yes
b) No
Q6) How to overcome high employee turnover issue within an organisation?
a) Provide fair salary
b) Use motivational techniques or theory
c) Collect feedback on regular basis
Q7) Do you agree or not that Organizational Politics affects the employee retention?
a) Yes
b) No
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Q8) Does high turnover of employees influence on market share of Giant Hypermarket?
a) Yes
b) No
Q9) What are the ways used by Giant Hypermarket to improve their market share.
a) Retain employees long time
b) Encouraging motivation among employees
c) Develop innovation
Q10) Recommend different ways to maintain rate of employees high turnover.
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