Equality and Diversity in the Workplace: A Case Study on Aston Martin

This research project focuses on the impact of workplace diversity on employee productivity and performance at Aston Martin. It aims to study the importance of equality, identify issues faced due to cultural diversity, and evaluate strategies to promote equality and deal with workplace discrimination. The research questions address the significance of equality, the impact of workplace diversity, and strategies for Aston Martin. The project includes a literature review, research methodology, data analysis, research outcomes, and recommendations.

Research Project
Table of Contents

Research topic: Equality and diversity in the workplace. A case study on Aston Martin...............1
Chapter 1: Introduction....................................................................................................................1
1.1) Background of research project......................................................................................1
1.2) Aims and objectives........................................................................................................1
1.3) Rationale for project........................................................................................................2
1.4) Research questions..........................................................................................................2
1.5) Activities and timelines...................................................................................................2
Chapter 2: Literature Review...........................................................................................................4
Cultural diversity and issues that can arise due to cultural diversity.....................................5
Cultural diversity is important and how it result in better business performance..................5
Highlights the relationship between cultural diversity issues and benefits of cultural diversity
reflecting how it relates to business performance..................................................................8
A set of hypothesis that you wish to test by a survey the hypothesis can test the relationship
between cultural diversity issues and its impact on business performance..........................10
Chapter 3: Research Methodology.................................................................................................10
3.1) Research methodology..................................................................................................10
Development of the questionnaire along with discussion about the reliability and validity of
research.................................................................................................................................12
3.2) Cost, assess and ethical issues.......................................................................................15
Chapter 4: Data analysis and interpretation...................................................................................15
Chapter 5: Research outcomes and Recommendation...................................................................25
5.1) Research outcomes........................................................................................................25
5.2) Communication with stakeholders................................................................................26
5.3) Recommendations.........................................................................................................26
Chapter 6: Reflection and Conclusion...........................................................................................27
6.1) Reflection on effectiveness of current research methods..............................................27
6.2) Alternative research methodologies..............................................................................28
6.3) Conclusion.....................................................................................................................28
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................29
Appendix I: Research Proposal Form............................................................................................30
Appendix II: Research Ethics approval form.................................................................................35

Research topic: Equality and diversity in the workplace. A case study on
Aston Martin
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1) Background of research project
Workplace discrimination is something that is commonly seen at workplace of all
organisation and is a main cause behind chaos and conflicts among employees which hamper
their performance and productivity level (Dhanani, Beus and Joseph., 2018). Thus, in current
market situation when competition is at peak it become essential for all organisation to look out
for better strategies and policies to form an inclusive workforce that lead to enhancement in its
skills and competencies for better success. Aston martin is famous British independent
automotive luxury car manufacturing brand having its branches and operations across diversified
location of world thus, management of equality and diversity becomes more crucial and vital for
this organisation. Therefore, the current research is based on investigation conducted on Aston
martin in order to evaluate and determine the impact of workplace diversity on employee's
productivity to have better formulation of strategies to ensure equality at workplace to achieve
higher success level and productivity thrugh creation of more motivated and satisfied workforce.
1.2) Aims and objectives
Aim of the project
The main aim and purpose behind conducting current research work is, “To determine the
impact of workplace cultural diversity on employee's productivity.”
Objectives of project
The main objective and purpose behind conducting this research work on Aston martin
are stated as follows:
 To study the importance of equality for an organisation like Aston Martin.
 To identify the issues faced by businesses due to cultural diversity
 To identify the impact of workplace diversity on worker's productivity and performance
(Caponi, 2017).
 To examine various strategies that could be employ by Aston Martin to deal with the
issues of cultural diversity and to promote equality at workplace.
1

1.3) Rationale for project
The selection of current research work is rationale from both professional and personal
view point of researcher as from professional perspective it facilitates better understanding about
concept of equality and diversity. Furthers, it also ensures better understanding and evaluation of
strategies that could be employ by an organisation to deal with the issues of workplace
discrimination and to promote equality at workplace that lead to better performance and higher
productivity for an organisation. Apart from this, the selection of current research work is also
justifiable from personal view point of investigator as ensures compliance with educational and
academic background together with better managerial skills and knowledge for other scholars.
1.4) Research questions
The research questions and evaluated and addressed with current investigation on Aston
martin are provided below:
 What importance and significance is associated with management of equality for an
organisation like Aston Martin?
 What is the impact of workplace diversity on worker's productivity and performance?
 What are the various strategies that could be employ by Aston Martin to deal with the
issues of workplace discrimination and to promote equality at workplace?
1.5) Activities and timelines
Use of Gantt chart is made to systematically present the activities and timelines of current
research work. The Gantt Chart is basically a time management and statistical tool that is used by
a researcher to ensure and have better and more systematic presentation of all research activities.
Therefore, an analysis can be made as it that use of Gantt chart for current study is vital to
complete current investigation in efficient mane as it ensures better bifurcation of time and
resources among various activities to maintain the efficiency of study (Rees and Smith. eds.,
2017).
2

3

Chapter 2: Literature Review
Literature review basically reflects and present a conceptual form of process which provides
an effective analysis and review of set research topic with the help of scholarly paper and other
articles. Thus, literature review is helpful to set a better base and framework for investigation by
the way of leading better understanding about the current research topic as the analyzation of
impact of equality and workplace discrimination in the employee productivity as in the context
of Auston Martin company perspective (Rosenblatand et. al., 2017).
To study the importance of equality for an organization perspective
According to the Rose Johnson, 2017. In order to understand about the concept of
equality within an organisation that it facilitates and ensures equal opportunity for all the
employees through ensuring fairness in task assignments. Further, a sense of fairness and
positivity is also brought by equality as it equally contributes and upholds the skills and
knowledge of the employees along with identifying areas which can improvised to have better
productivity (Boone, 2017). In context with the Aston Martin company they enhanced the
mobility of equality in their premises through the understanding of equality which promotes the
federal law, eliminate the discrimination in the workplace order under the Equal Employment
Opportunity Act (Baur and et. al., 2018). Companies which owns and work on equality at
workplace do not base hire on any stressful decisions, compensation, promotion and other
benefits which are employees gets on the basis of race, sexuality, gender, age, religion or
national origin (Pass, 2018).
By providing the knowledge about the how to fight inequality as there would be arising
of situation on which where the equality will be threatened in the workplace by the staff get
discriminated and before to enter into any fight regarding with the inequality in the workplace an
individual should know about the identity. There should be proper understanding of diversity
where it creates the health environment in the premises of organisation as it reasons for to having
and getting the organisation success. At last but not least it helps to not only eliminate of
discrimination but also motivates to protect from discrimination as it promotes the activity
solving the grievances in which human resource department encourages to employees for letting
them know about these type of discrimination situation where they can protect and implement
the right form of workplace equality(Madera, 2017).
4

Cultural diversity and issues that can arise due to cultural diversity
As per the view point of, the concept of cultural diversity is vital for a firm especially in
current business environment as it ensures and facilitates a more diverse and skilled form of
workforce. The concept of cultural diversity is mainly associated and related with hiring and
recruiting employees from different culture and background without having any kind of
discrimination and biasness. Therefore, an analysis can be made out that many issues and
challenges are created by culture diversity within a firm. Some of these issues lead out by
cultural diversity are discussed as follows:
Enhancement in chaos and workplace conflicts- the main issue created by cultural diversity
comprises of the fact that a workforce which is having employees from diverse background and
culture would have a different way and behaviour along with a diverse view point which lead to
enhancement in the chances of chaos. Thus, an analysis can be made out that leading out a
cultural diversity would lead to enhanced chances of conflict among employees due to there
different view and interest level that is biggest issue faced by a firm while managing cultural
diversity.
Ineffective communication- the another issue that is faced due to cultural diversity consists
of ineffective communication as the employees who belongs to different culture and background
are used to diverse languages. Thus, it is difficult to have a proper communication with
employees which leads to issues of ineffective communication.
Cultural diversity is important and how it result in better business performance
With respect to the information provided by , it has been analysed that cultural diversity is
important and vital for a firm as it plays crucial role in attracting a larger number of talented and
skilled employees. The concept of cultural diversity consists of recruiting employees from a
different background which leads to a more skilled and competent workforce which ensures
better business performance. Apart from this, recognising better talent and respecting each other
differences through valuing positive aspects of all cultural ensures a more productive and
creative workforce that supports and leads to better business performance. Beside this, the
biggest advantages and benefit of cultural diversity comprises of the fact that it lead to and bring
new opportunities for enhanced expansion and growth of a firm through leading out a more
competent and diverse workforces. Apart from this, the main issues faced during expansion of a
business consists of issue of language barrier and lack of information about customers that is
5

eliminated and reduce by the concept of cultural diversity through a workforce with new and
better perceptive that support better performance of the business organisation.
To identify the impact and the importance of the workplace discrimination on to employee’s
productivity and performance.
According to the Tia Benjamin, 2017. The impact and the importance of the workplace
discrimination on employees productivity and performance on which it presumes the negative
environment where the individual would not able to generate the opportunity or not accomplish
it. As with the context of Aston martin company having the existence of the workplace
discrimination where they have faced the challenges regarding the employees get rid of from
organisation as in their premises they have culture as in form of Gender discrimination as they
promotes the male employee more than female workforce in which there was not such
availability of the equal pay structure in their premise where female employees get over to hit the
strike at the few years back in which company had to change their policies and they now
introduced the Gender pay gap where they improvised as to provide the equal pay to the male
and female workforce as per their competencies (Aston Martin Gender Pay, 2019). Through
which the importance get encourage to eliminate their discrimination factor from their
organisation and get succeed in following form are :
Job Satisfaction: The discriminatory practices of job satisfaction due to workplace
equality in which the employee invest the skills and knowledge as well as the trust. Promotion,
bonus and benefits should be awarded based on upon the candidate’s qualifications and
performances as well as it scrutinize the higher potential competences through talent
management. But workplace discrimination can disturb the job satisfaction if the managers
would not recognition the efforts which are elaborated through employees (Neumark, 2018).
Commitment, loyalty and Turnover: it has been analysed that of an employee tend to
frequently observe that regular discrimination is prevailing and present within an organisation it
is more likely to have negative impact on their commitment and loyalty level which in terms also
influence the overall sales and productivity of firm. Thus, by the way of recruiting employees on
fair basis and training of new and existing employees in terms of equality to enhance the skills
and knowledge would help an organisation to effectively manage the efficiency of the workforce
(Böheim, 2019). Due to the concept of workplace discrimination it has been observed that it also
leads an affect on the hiring process as when wrong candidate is selected for the organisation on
6

the basis of any discrimination many consequences and issues are faced by a firm. Commitment
and loyalty are based on work in the under of workplace equality to offers the platform in which
each employee performance is mapped through the mangers.
Reputation and Recruitment: Having and prevailing the presence of high level of
discriminatory practises would lead to an adverse affect on the company’s reputation as it is
serves and prefer only a certain group of people which can be faced on any demographic factor
along with other basis of biasness like gender, age, culture, caste and religion etc. thus, due to
presence of high level of discrimination many issues are also faced in recruitment of the
candidate as they are not selected on the basis and terms of there qualification while other factors
like gender, age and other factors are given priority as it has been observed that in workplace by
managers that women are not much eligible to handle the operation or administrative work
(Caponi, 2017).
To evaluating the various strategies which could employ the Aston Martin to deal with issues
of workplace discrimination to promote equality in workplace.
According to the Diane Lynn, 2018. Through the interpretation of the various strategies
on which workplace discrimination creates the issues where to promoting the equality in
organization premises to making the reminding of better communication, having a good and
positive relationship with the peers are not only allowing any type of negativity in terms of
violence but also try to motivate employees for leading and providing the equal opportunities.
Further, eliminating issue of biasness is also vital where the fairness can contributes to have
better skills and knowledge in order to promote their identify along with and through their
performances. Diversity and equality are considered as two procedure through which the healthy
and better relationship are being growing by the company (Cadiz, Pytlovany and Truxillo, 2017).
The main strategies in order to promote the workplace equality within the organization that can
create the and lead to positive influence in the premises are listed and discussed as follows:
Identify the unwanted biasness: it being the first step within an organization where
attention is played on the regular or frequently practice of the discrimination and biasness which
tend to pursuing on the basis of gender and this type of discrimination is work on the context of
disability, gender, reassignment, marriage, orientation or sexual factor can impact on the them
(Stypinskaand Turek, 2017).
7

Having the presence of equality compliances: The another strategy that can be adopted
by a firm to comply with the creation of equality and removing discrimination consists the fact
that there should be effective compliances and proper emphasis on the equality in workplace in
terms of giving fair opportunities to everyone. Further, presence of equality compliance and
strict rules and regulation must also be followed for fully compliance of equality and anti
discrimination policy based on fair oriented and work-related decisions on the respective with
promotions, training, allocating work etc.
Having the healthy communication: In organization there should be the healthy
conversation between manager and employees but if there workplace discrimination there would
not having the effective communication factor that emphasis the good relationship between
managers and peers. As the enhancement of work place equality can change the dynamic
structure of organization and try to leads the better forming of relationship in which employee
and mangers can coordinate with each other (Yong Kim and et. al, 2017).
By constructing the effective professionalism policies: As it driven the organization
policies which regulated and formulated by the manager and leader that influence to work under
the compliances manner which propounded their productivity and working procedure improvised
in different manner such as better coordination, communication skills enhanced improves.
Highlights the relationship between cultural diversity issues and benefits of cultural diversity
reflecting how it relates to business performance
It has been analysed that both positive and negative impacts are related with cultural
diversity which comprises of more talent employees and better expansion opportunity along with
issue of enhancement in chaos and conflicts due to ineffective communication. The below stated
diagram is presenting information about the relationship between cultural diversity and business
Performance through providing information about the main issues and benefits of cultural
diversity:
8

Figure 1:Advantages and disadvantages of cultural diversity, 2020.
It has been analysed on the basis of above diagram that the main advantages of cultural
diversity consists of inspiring and leading out more effective creativity and also fosters he level
of innovation. Further, it has been also observed that attracting and retaining more number of
skilled candidates and best talents from a diverse background is also a benefit and positive
outcome of cultural diversity. Apart from this creation of better growth opportunity and
enhancing expiation rate of the firm are also the key aspects of cultural diversity for a firm.
Beside this, an implication about the main issues of cultural diversity can also be made which
consists of different understanding level and view point of employees which can enhance the
chances of conflicts. Therefore, on the basis of above discussion a positive relationship among
culture diversity and business performance is analysed as it lead to more skilled and talented
workforce along with better growth and expansion opportunity.
9

A set of hypothesis that you wish to test by a survey the hypothesis can test the relationship
between cultural diversity issues and its impact on business performance
 What is meant by the importance of equality for an organisation like Aston Martin.?
 To identify the issues faced by businesses due to cultural diversity
 To identify the impact of workplace diversity on worker's productivity and performance.
 What are the various strategies that could be employ by Aston Martin to deal with the
issues of cultural diversity and to promote equality at workplace?
Chapter 3: Research Methodology
3.1) Research methodology
This section of a research basically provides information about the methods and approaches
used for conducting an investigation which includes and leads to effective collection of data
along with better presentation and analysis of facts (Gordon, 2018).
Research philosophy:
a belief about the ways that are applied within an investigation is provided by the
research philosophy in which and with the help the data has been collected on the particular topic
by which the data should be collected analyses and utilized by researcher (Colella, Hebl and
King, 2017). It contain two main research philosophy that can be used by researcher as it
described below:
Positivism: It facilitates and ensures collection of numeric facts that support objective
nature of study that is more systematic and practical in nature (Truxillo and et. al., 2017).
Interpretivism: this form of research philosophy tend to have an influencing power
which also comprises the set of subjective data which shows some more specification (Di Marco
and et. al.,2018).
As for this research there is used of Positivism philosophy is made as it provides the
predicting of research data along with generates and gather the right form of conclusion on the
basis of some more important aspect where as Interpretivism will not be as suitable as it would
only provide the subjective form of data.
Research Approaches:
10

The two common form of research approach has been provided below that is presenting
information about the various steps and assumptions for making and leading effective data
collection and interpretation.
Deductive: This approach includes the selecting theory, developing from the hypothesis
as per the data collection and evaluation on the basis of the given hypothesis.
Inductive: this approach of research is considered the new upcoming theory which
emerge from the data. It provides a more logical process in which multiple assumption and
premises are involved through which complied with generates the specific conclusion of research
(Berrey, Nelson and Nielsen, 2017).
As for this particular research there is used of Deductive approach where it provides the
optimum selective theory which is scrutinized from hypothesis with proper evaluation while
inductive approach is not been selected because it represent about mix up the data and generate
multiple assumption
Research Method:
It lead to a systematic process which ensures effective planning conducting in order for
meeting the set objectives of any research. There are two main types of research method which
are described below:
Qualitative Method: As by using of this method is considered by researcher looking for
in dept knowledge of data about the research which provides the detailed information about
research topic ( Lee and et. al, 2017).
Quantitative method: Under this research method data is gathered in form of numeric
and arithmetic form and only reflects the statiscal representation of data that also comprises
about the reviews of respondent and it doesn’t give any importance towards the depth
knowledge.
For current research use of Quantitative research method is made as it provides the
numeric as well as the statistical framework of data which leads to optimise results with the help
of questionnaire for gathering of information while the reason is not select Qualitative research
method will not considered as it will only focus into detailed information which will not relevant
towards the research.
Sources of Data Collection :
11

The two main origin and sources of information from where data can be collected are
provided as follows:
Primary Sources: The data has been collected from the self- efforts by researcher to
implement the information into research as the collection of data through interview, survey
polls, feedbacks and other references etc.
Secondary resources: The data has been collected through the accessibility to data
which is having existence in other research document where it opted for the data through the
internet, articles, subjective books by which data is been assorted and secondary method is one
of the efficient method on which the research is easily scrutinized the data (Manuel., and et. al.,
2017).
As for this particular research there is use of both primary and secondary source of data
collection where the primary source is helps to making the formation of questionnaires through
support by quantitative research method and secondary source helps to collecting the information
through other resources and interpreted findings of primary data.
Sampling method:
It is a research or statistical tool used and applied by a researcher for better selection of
respondents for an investigation (McCord and et. al., 2018). As for this research there is use of
simple random sampling where it facilitates to generates the chances for all observation and
selection which is compeltly depend on the basis of probability where it decreases the high factor
errors as well as discrimination of the research.
Instrument Used: use of questionnaire is made as research tool for collection of data.
Sampling Size: A Sampling Size is used in research by evaluation of participants
reviews on the basis of questions, surveys or other secondary sources, but in this research the
sampling size is considered 20 respondent from Aston Martin company with analyzation their
behavior and attitude towards the topic of the research.
Development of the questionnaire along with discussion about the reliability and validity of
research
With respect to current investigation a questionnaire is prepared that is basically a written
document which consists a set of questions related with a specific topic which facilitates and
ensures better and more effective collection of data from selected participants. The questionnaire
prepared for current investigation consists of 10 close ended quantitative based questions in the
12

topic of equality and cultural diversity. To maintain the reliability and authenticity of research
work, data has been collected only from authentic and reliable sources which consists of
employees of Aston Martin. Further, proper provisions and steps are also taken to maintain the
safety and privacy of collected data. By applying questionnaire where behind the preparations
went as consulting with Aston Martin Manager to permit within to making participate the
employees in Questionnaire part. The reason to approach workforce of Aston martin is because
to better evaluate about their opinion in different segmentation that enhance to belongs more
alternative responses along with it necessary to mapping each individual manpower as their
perception about working culture diversity. This procedure helps to gain more innovative kind of
information as well as outcomes that increase the research quality
Questionnaire
Name:
Age:
Gender:
Add:
Mail ID:
Q1) Are you having any view point and knowledge regarding importance and significance
of equality for an organisation like Aston martin?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) What perceptive are you having regarding the fact that, the employees who are coming
from different background and culture are interacted and treated well at the workplace of
Aston martin?
a) Strongly agree
b) Agree
c) Neutral
d) Disagree
e) Strongly disagree
Q3) What impact is yield by workplace discrimination on worker's productivity and
performance?
a) Hamper productivity
13

b) Create stress and chaos at workplace
c) Lead to de-motivation in employees
Q4) According to your view point, what attitude and commitment level are seen in
managers and top authority of Aston martin to encourage and motivate staff to engage
them in safe discussion about issues of equality, diversity and workplace discrimination?
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Neutral
Q5) Is it is essentially required for Aston martin to take crucial steps in order to keep a
check on workplace discrimination to have better management of equality and diversity?
a) Essentially required
b) Required
c) Not Required
Q6) What are the possible steps that could be taken by mangers of Aston martin to create
an environment that ensures free and open expression of ideas, opinions and beliefs?
a) Transparent communication
b) Participative decision making
Q7) Are you agreed with the fact that supervisors of Aston martin handles diversity
matters and consequences in an appropriate manner on time?
a) Agreed
b) Disagreed
Q8) What are the various strategies that could be employ by Aston Martin to deal with the
issues of workplace discrimination and to promote equality at workplace?
a) Training Programmes to promote diversity and inclusion
b) Timely strict action to mitigate workplace discrimination
c) Compliance with equality act
d) Fair HR practises
Q9) What end result is lead on overall worker's productivity and performance of Aston
martin through creating equality and diversity at its workplace?
a) Beneficial
14

b) Non –beneficial
c) No impact
Q10) What are the possible benefits that would by availed by Aston martin through proper
management and implication of equality and diversity at its workplace?
a) Enhanced productivity and performance of employees
b) Higher motivation and satisfaction level
c) Improved competitive strength
d) More creativity and innovation
Q11) Any further recommendation for Aston martin to overcome the issue of workplace
discrimination in order to create equality?
3.2) Cost, assess and ethical issues
The estimated cost of current research is around 250 £ which includes cost of data
collection, transportation cost and other associated expenses. For collecting information for
current investigation both primary and secondary sources of information are applied along with
different types of approaches as well as research philosophies which helps to gather authentic
and factual data for better completion of research. Apart from this all the collected data has been
properly scrutinized in a most confidential manner through reviews of the employers views are
and assured to not to disclosed as it only implement for the research purposes. Apart from this
proper application of BERA code of ethics and data protection act is also made to maintain
viability of research work.
Chapter 4: Data analysis and interpretation
To ensure effective data analysis and interpretation collected with the help of above stated
questionnaire, use of pie charts and frequency table is made a presentation and discussion of
which is provided below:
Theme 1: Importance and significance of equality for an organisation
Q1) Are you having any view point and knowledge regarding
importance and significance of equality for an organisation like
Aston martin?
Frequency
15

a) Yes 18
b) No 2
Interpretation
Equality is an important and significant concept for an organisation as it has been find out
from current research work that 18 participants out of 20 are having view point and knowledge
regarding importance and significance of equality for an organisation like Aston martin while
only 2 participates are there who are unaware about importance of equality.
Theme 2: Employees who are coming from different background and culture are interacted
and treated well
Q2) What perceptive are you having regarding the fact that, the
employees who are coming from different background and culture
are interacted and treated well at the workplace of Aston martin?
Frequency
a) Strongly agree 2
b) Agree 6
c) Neutral 4
d) Disagree 5
e) Strongly disagree 3
16

Interpretation
2 are participants are strongly agreed with the fact that , the employees who are coming
from different background and culture are interacted and treated well at the workplace of Aston
martin where as 6 individuals are agreed with above stated fact along with 4 respondents who are
neutral on this aspect. Beside this, 5 participants are disagreed with the fact that employees who
are coming from different background and culture are interacted and treated well at the
workplace of Aston martin while 3 employees are strongly disagreed with above written
statement.
Theme 3: Impact yield by workplace discrimination on worker's productivity and
performance
Q3) What impact is yield by workplace discrimination on worker's
productivity and performance?
Frequency
a) Hamper productivity 10
b) Create stress and chaos at workplace 6
c) Lead to de-motivation in employees 4
17

Interpretation
Workplace discrimination create a negative impact on worker's productivity and
performance as it has been observed in the basis of above pie chart that 10 participants have
favoured that workplace discrimination yield hampered productivity while 6 respondents have
supported creation off stress and chaos at workplace as negative impact of workplace
discrimination. Further, 4 employees are also there who are having a view point de-motivation in
employees yield by workplace discrimination.
Theme 4: Attitude seen in managers and top authority of Aston martin to encourage staff to
engage them in discussion about equality, diversity and workplace discrimination
Q4) According to your view point, what attitude and commitment
level are seen in managers and top authority of Aston martin to
encourage and motivate staff to engage them in safe discussion
about issues of equality, diversity and workplace discrimination?
Frequency
a) Positive 12
b) Negative 7
c) Neutral 1
18

Interpretation
It has been find out from this research work that 12 participants have supported positive
attitude and commitment level is seen in managers and top authority of Aston martin to
encourage and motivate staff to engage them in safe discussion about issues of equality, diversity
and workplace discrimination where as 7 individuals are in favour of there negative attitude
along with 1 participants that supported managers and leaders have a neutral commitment level
towards workforce on discussion about issues of equality, diversity and workplace
discrimination.
Theme 5: Crucial steps in order to keep a check on workplace discrimination
Q5) Is it is essentially required for Aston martin to take crucial
steps in order to keep a check on workplace discrimination to have
better management of equality and diversity?
Frequency
a) Essentially required 10
b) Required 7
c) Not Required 3
19

Interpretation
10 individuals on the basis of above pie chart have supported that it is essentially required
for Aston martin to take crucial steps in order to keep a check on workplace discrimination to
have better management of equality and diversity where as 7 participants have supported
required option. Beside this, 3 respondents are also there who are in favour of not required option
to take crucial steps in order to keep a check on workplace discrimination to have better
management of equality and diversity.
Theme 6: Steps by mangers of Aston martin to create an environment that ensures free and
open expression of ideas, opinions and beliefs
Q6) What are the possible steps that could be taken by mangers of
Aston martin to create an environment that ensures free and open
expression of ideas, opinions and beliefs?
Frequency
a) Transparent communication 12
b) Participative decision making 8
20

Interpretation
Adoption of transparent communication is a vital step that could be taken by mangers of
Aston martin to create an environment that ensures free and open expression of ideas, opinions
and beliefs which was supported by 12 participants where as 8 respondents are in favour of
participative decision making process to create an environment which ensures free and open
expression of ideas, opinions and beliefs.
Theme 7: Supervisors of Aston martin handles diversity matters and consequences in an
appropriate manner on time
Q7) Are you agreed with the fact that supervisors of Aston martin
handles diversity matters and consequences in an appropriate
manner on time?
Frequency
a) Agreed 14
b) Disagreed 6
21

Interpretation
Out of a total of 20 participants who are selected for current research work, 14 are agreed
with the fact that supervisors of Aston martin handles diversity matters and consequences in an
appropriate manner on time where as 6 are disagreed with above written fact and statement.
Theme 8: Strategies that could be employ by Aston Martin to deal with the issues of
workplace discrimination
Q8) What are the various strategies that could be employ by Aston
Martin to deal with the issues of workplace discrimination and to
promote equality at workplace?
Frequency
a) Training Programmes to promote diversity and inclusion 6
b) Timely strict action to mitigate workplace discrimination 4
c) Compliance with equality act 7
d) Fair HR practises 3
22

Interpretation
Out of the various strategies that could be employ by Aston Martin to deal with the issues
of workplace discrimination 6 participants have supported training Programmes to promote
diversity and inclusion where as 4 are in favour of timely strict action to mitigate workplace
discrimination. Apart from this, 7 respondents are also there who believes that compliance with
equality act as a suitable strategy that could be employ by Aston Martin to deal with the issues of
workplace discrimination and to promote equality at workplace while 3 more respondents are
also there who are in favour of fair HR prcatises for creation of equality at workplace.
Theme 9: End result lead on overall worker's productivity and through creating equality
and diversity at its workplace
Q9) What end result is lead on overall worker's productivity and
performance of Aston martin through creating equality and diversity
at its workplace?
Frequency
a) Beneficial 16
b) Non –beneficial 2
c) No impact 2
23

Interpretation
16 respondents out of a total of 20 believes that a beneficial end result is lead through
creating equality and diversity at its workplace on overall worker's productivity and performance
of Aston martin where as 2 are in favour of its non-beneficial results along with 2 employees
who had supported no impact of creating equality and diversity at its workplace.
Theme 10: Benefits that would by availed by Aston martin through proper management
and implication of equality and diversity at its workplace
Q10) What are the possible benefits that would by availed by Aston
martin through proper management and implication of equality and
diversity at its workplace?
Frequency
a) Enhanced productivity and performance of employees 4
b) Higher motivation and satisfaction level 7
c) Improved competitive strength 4
d) More creativity and innovation 5
24

Interpretation
Among the various benefits facilitated by equality and diversity, 4 participants were in
favour of enhanced productivity and performance of employees where as 7 respondents had
supported higher motivation and satisfaction level as benefits that would by availed by Aston
martin through proper management and implication of equality and diversity at its workplace.
Beside this, 4 employees have also favoured improved competitive strength along with 5 other
participants who are having a thinking that more creative and innovation is lead through proper
management and implication of equality and diversity at its workplace.
Chapter 5: Research outcomes and Recommendation
5.1) Research outcomes
As the above discussion of the research the findings and evaluation of the topic Workplace
discrimination and equality at workplace impact to the organization in which it scrutinize the
equality in terms of opportunities where the employees performs and generate the outcomes as
per the competencies having which involves in work completion and task. The study of equality
is must in the organization premises where it actually provide the importance about the
workplace diversity and equality can be a positive factor which enhance the freedom in work and
rights through regulation and compliances oriented as well as the workplace discrimination is a
illegal practices in which it works against the legal procedures on which it comprising
unhealthier work outcomes will appear which will not give any kind of productivity in fact it
disturbs the employee work procedure as well as the performance on which they were
25

performing. At last the organization should have to promote the workplace equality and
eliminate the work discrimination as it will make the employee and structure of organization
improves the other level.
5.2) Communication with stakeholders
Timely and regular communication of research outcomes with stakeholders of an
organisation is a vital part of every research as it the one that facilitates better decision making
and strategy formulation on the basis of research work. Stakeholders are the person who plays a
vital and crucial part of decision making process and have the considerable significance in
affecting business operations of an organisation. With respect to current research work to
communicate the end results and relevant outcomes of research work with Board of directors of
Aston martin use of formal channels of communication are made that includes official e-mails
and meetings in order to have transfer of information for effective decision making on topics
associated with management of equality and diversity. Apart from this, to have communication
with other stakeholders that consists of manager, employees, customers and other team members
use of both formal and informal modes of communication are made where information is
transferred through social media and other digital modes to ensure regular and interrupted
communication regarding various activities and findings of current research on topic associated
with workplace discrimination and creation of equality and diversity.
Therefore, the importance of Stakeholder communication in Aston Martin helps to share
their opinion related with culture diversity as it can expand the research objectives in different
manner such as in terms of working process, behaviour with employees, coordinating with other
employee for accomplish task and Is company able to provide positive environment in which
employees can contribute their work and enhance better sense of job satisfaction. Apart from
this, taking timely strict action to mitigate workplace discrimination along with compliance with
equality act are investigated and analysed as suitable ways to overcome the issue of workplace
discrimination in order to create equality along with adopting fair HR.
5.3) Recommendations
In accordance with current research work it has been find out that workplace discrimination
has created many issues and negative impacts like de-motivation in employees together with
feeling of stress and chaos that adversely affects and hamper productivity and performance thus,
it become essential for an organisation to take corrective actions and form suitable strategies to
26

overcome these issues. It is recommended for Aston martin that it mangers and leaders should
adopt participative management approach together with more effective communication as it is a
suitable way to establish better connection and bonding with customers to ensure a positive and
discrimination free workplace. Further participative decision making also ensures mutual
strategies and equal opportunities for all to create and lead equality at workplace.
Apart from this, proper and timely diversity and inclusion training is also recommended
for Aston martin as it lead to better skills and understanding in employees regarding diversified
culture and backgrounds that lead to a feeling of respect in employees for all culture to reduce
instances of discrimination. Beside this, Timely strict action to mitigate workplace
discrimination and compliance with equality act is also essential and suitable for Aston martin to
overcome the issue of workplace discrimination in order to create equality. Further, fair HR
practise are also recommended for Aston martin that lead to better check and control over all
cases of discrimination in order to ensure equal opportunity and growth for all employees to
enhance the motivation and satisfaction level of employees that is essential to have enhanced
efficiency and performance of employees at workplace.
Chapter 6: Reflection and Conclusion
6.1) Reflection on effectiveness of current research methods
The current research work and methods used are effective ensuring to meet the objectives
of investigation together with facilitating improvement in my knowledge and skills. Use of
quantitative research method was made by me as it seems more suitable to complete research on
time together with more effective and better presentation of research findings for effective
decision making. Further, to resolve and overcome the issue of collection of reliable and relevant
data for better decision making use of primary as well as secondary source of data collection as
primary has facilitated collection of authentic data directly form respondents where as secondary
had ensured better support for my research findings thus, it was quite effective in meeting my
resrch objectives. Beside this, many issues in management of time and resources were also faced
by me that were timey identified and resolved through making use of a Gantt chart that had
brought clarity and transparency in my investigation. Meanwhile, to encounter and resolve the
issue of ethical considerations all the code of conduct and data security act are properly complied
by me to ensure safety and protection of collected data together with getting written approval
27

from all participants for their involvement in research work. Thus, it can be observed that the
current research work and method used for investigation are effective and ensured betterment in
my managerial skill and other analytical competencies thus, opened many further opportunities
for me in future. As approach different approaches like deductive, Positivism and questionnaire
as I wanted to make this research report ease to investigate in terms of highlight optimum better
facts and findings that helps to recover more in generic way to implement high way of procedure
for better outcomes. During the research I have recommend Primary and Secondar research
along with Simple Random Sampling as it support to better enhance logical and systematic
findings that can increase the research objective more productive. During Questionnaire what I
found that out of 30 employees which as take to supposed sample size many of them were
moderately agree that culture diversity in Aston Martin is quiet exists.
6.2) Alternative research methodologies
The alternative research methodologies that could have been used includes qualitative
research method that consists of more in-depth and insight strategies for detailed data collection
that is more time consuming and complex method of investigation. Beside this, the current
epidemic of COVID- 19 has made it more difficult to conduct face to face interview that is
commonly used for data collection in qualitative research method. At the time of collecting
overall findings provide more mixed reviews that creates more barriers during evaluation in
COVID-19 situations related aspects information that gets to obtain better positive outcomes.
6.3) Conclusion
With respect to above research work it can be concluded that a negative impact is lead by
workplace discrimination on performance and productivity of employees that consists of chaos
and stress together with de-motivation that hamper and affects productivity of employees and
overall organisation. Further it has been summarise that timely crucial steps should be taken by
an organisation in order to keep a check on workplace discrimination to have better management
of equality and diversity that includes creation of positive environment through effective
communication and participative decision making. It could also be summarised form above
research work that timely training, strict action, compliance with equality law and fair HR
practises are some of the effective strategies that deal with the issues of workplace discrimination
and to promote equality at workplace. At last it can be summarised that many benefits are also
lead by creation of equality and diversity that consists of enhanced productivity and performance
28

of employees, higher motivation and satisfaction level, improved competitive strength and
enhanced creativity and innovation at workplace.
REFERENCES
Books and journal
Baur, J.Eand et. al., 2018. Beyond banning the box: A conceptual model of the stigmatization of
ex-offenders in the workplace. Human Resource Management Review.28(2). pp.204-219.
Berrey, E., Nelson, R.L. and Nielsen, L.B., 2017. Rights on trial: How workplace discrimination
law perpetuates inequality. University of Chicago Press.
Böheim, R.N., 2019. The effect of early retirement schemes on youth employment. IZA World
of Labor.
Boone, G., 2017. Does employer bias affect worker performance?. Monthly Labour Review.140.
pp.1-2.
Cadiz, D.M., Pytlovany, A.C. and Truxillo, D.M., 2017. Ageism in the Workplace. In Oxford
Research Encyclopedia of Psychology.
Caponi, V., 2017. The effects of public sector employment on the economy. IZA World of
Labor.
Colella, A., Hebl, M. and King, E., 2017. One hundred years of discrimination research in the
Journal of Applied Psychology: A sobering synopsis. Journal of Applied
Psychology.102(3). p.500.
Dhanani, L.Y., Beus, J.M. and Joseph, D.L., 2018. Workplace discrimination: A meta‐analytic
extension, critique, and future research agenda. Personnel Psychology.71(2). pp.147-179.
Di Marco, Dand et. al.,2018. Be friendly, stay well: the effects of job resources on well-being in
a discriminatory work environment. Frontiers in psychology.9. p.413.
Gordon, P.A., 2018. Age diversity in the workplace. In Diversity and inclusion in the global
workplace (pp. 31-47). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Lee, N., and et. al, 2017. Perceived discrimination and low back pain among 28,532 workers in
South Korea: effect modification by labor union status. Social Science & Medicine. 177.
pp.198-204.
Madera, J.M., 2017. Impact on Perpetrators. In The Oxford Handbook of Workplace
Discrimination. Oxford University Press.
Manuel, S.K., and et. al., 2017. No rest for the stigmatized: a model of organizational health and
workplace sexism (OHWS). Sex Roles. 77(9-10). pp.697-708.
McCord,and et. al., 2018. A meta-analysis of sex and race differences in perceived workplace
mistreatment. Journal of applied psychology.103(2). p.137.
Neumark, D., 2018. Employment effects of minimum wages. IZA World of Labor.
Pass, S., 2018. Examining the relationship between discrimination and disengagement. In Hidden
Inequalities in the Workplace (pp. 279-301). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Rees, G. and Smith, P. eds., 2017. Strategic human resource management: An international
perspective. Sage.
29

Rosenbla, A and et. al., 2017. Discriminating tastes: Uber's customer ratings as vehicles for
workplace discrimination. Policy & Internet.9(3). pp.256-279.
Stypinska, J. and Turek, K., 2017. Hard and soft age discrimination: the dual nature of workplace
discrimination. European journal of ageing.14(1). pp.49-61.
Truxilloand et. al., 2017. Age discrimination at work. In The Palgrave handbook of age diversity
and work (pp. 447-472). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Wagner, J., 2019. Effect of international activity on firm performance. IZA World of Labor.
Yong Kim, K., and et. al, 2017. The effects of multilevel signals on sex discrimination
experiences among female employees. Human Resource Management.56(6). pp.995-
1013.
Online
Johnson. R., 2017.The Advantages of Following Equality & Diversity Practices in the
Workplace. [Online]. Available Through: <https://careertrend.com/13360008/the-
advantages-of-following-equality-diversity-practices-in-the-workplace/>
Benjamin. T., 2017.The Ways Discrimination Negatively Affects Businesses. [Online].
Available Through: <https://smallbusiness.chron.com/ways-discrimination-negatively-
affects-businesses-36925.html/>
Aston Martin Gender Pay. 2019. [Online]. Available Through: <
https://www.astonmartinlagonda.com/responsibility/gender-pay-gap-report/>
Lynn. D., 2018. How to Promote Equality & Diversity in the Workplace. [Online]. Available
Through: <https://careertrend.com/how-to-promote-equality-diversity-in-the-workplace-
5497866.html/>
Appendix I: Research Proposal Form
Student Name: _ Student ID: ____________
Centre Name:
Tutor: ________________ Date:
Unit: 11 Research Proposal
Proposed Title: Equality and diversity in the workplace. A case study on Aston Martin
30

Section One: Title, objective, responsibilities
Title or working title of the research project (in the form of a question, objective or
hypothesis)
The selected topic for current research project is, “Equality and diversity in the
workplace”. A case study on Aston Martin
Research Aim
The aim of this research work is, “To determine the impact of workplace discrimination
on employee's productivity.”
Research objectives (e.g what is the question you want to answer? What do you want
to learn how to do? What do you want to find out?):
The main objective and purpose behind conducting this research work on Aston martin
are stated as follows:
 To study the importance of equality for an organisation like Aston Martin.
 To identify the impact of workplace discrimination on worker's productivity and
performance.
 To examine various strategies that could be employ by Aston Martin to deal with
the issues of workplace discrimination and to promote equality at workplace.
Question Tag
 What importance and significance is associated with management of equality for
an organisation like Aston Martin?
 What impact is yield by workplace discrimination on worker's productivity and
performance?
 What are the various strategies that could be employ by Aston Martin to deal with
the issues of workplace discrimination and to promote equality at workplace?
Section Two: Reasons for choosing this research project
Reasons for choosing the project (e.g links to other subjects you are studying, personal interest, future
plans, knowledge/skills you want to improve, why the topic is important):
The selection of current research work is rationale from professional perspective as it
facilitates better understanding about concept of equality and diversity. Further, the
selection of current research work is also justifiable from personal view point of
investigator lead to better educational and academic perspective together with better
31

managerial skills and knowledge for other scholars.
Section Three: Literature sources searched
To study the importance of equality for an organization perspective of Aston martin.
According to the Louise Petty, 2016. In the context of Aston Martin company the
workplace equality is having a importance as it helps to reduce the biasness and
discrimination on which work equality is comprises about the opportunity or any other
factor which is related to work or task assignment is providing to each and everyone to
mapping the fair judgement as well as communication and helps to creating the positive
environment in which employees can work with peaceful mind and not having any
hesitation. Workplace equality eliminates the gaps which creates the barriers on which it
helps to making better relationship.
To identify the impact and the importance of the workplace discrimination on to
employee’s productivity and performance.
According to the Lisa Finn., 2017. The influence and importance of the workplace
discrimination on employee performance is prevails to negative environment where the
individual employee will not satisfy and to generating the opportunity only for higher
performers and not providing to other it can create the unsorted differences in between
managers and employees where it can not make the better coordination in pursuing the
work life balance as well as it impact heavily on the productivity towards the employee
identity and doubting on their skills and competences.
To evaluating the various strategies which could employ the Aston Martin to deal with
issues of workplace discrimination to promote equality in workplace.
According to the Lynne Callister, 2019. By examine the various strategies on which
workplace discrimination creates the issues where to promoting the equality in
organization premises to making the reminding of better communication, having a good
relationship with peers not allowing any type of negativity in terms of violence and try to
motivate employees for providing the equal opportunities where they can contributes
skills and knowledge and promote their identify through their performances.
Online Sources:
Louise Petty., 2016How Equality & Diversity Improves Your Workplace: Examining the
32

Benefits. [Online]. Available Through:
<https://www.highspeedtraining.co.uk/hub/equality-diversity-benefits-
workplace//>
Lisa Finn., 2017.The Effects of Discrimination in the Workplace. [Online]. Available
Through: <https://careertrend.com/effects-discrimination-workplace-
2727.html/>
Lynne Callister, 2019. Tips to Promote Equality & End Workplace Discrimination.
[Online]. Available Through: <https://www.skillcast.com/blog/7-tips-promote-
equality-end-workplace-discrimination/>
Section Four: Activities and timescales
Activities to be carried out during the research project (e.g research,
development and analysis of ideas, writing, data collection, numerical
analysis, tutor meetings, production of final outcome, evaluation, writing
the report):
Aims and objective
Research methodology
Literature review
Data collection
Data analysis
Conclusion and recommendations
Final submission
How long this will take:
2 days
5 days
7 days
10 days
13 days
8 days
3 days
Gantt Chart
33

Section Five: Research approach and methodologies
What type of research approach and methodologies are you likely to use and why? What your areas of
research will cover:
Research approach and methodology basically facilitates about the information about the
various data on which method is used to analyze and interpretation used to conducting
research is more way better than involves valid proof of data.
Research Philosophy: From out of two main philosophy of positivism and interpretivism
there is use of Positivism research is formatting for current research as it provides the
scientific method presentation to making research effective.
Research approach: As from to taking two approaches of Deductive and Inductive on
which deductive approach is considered as it generates to better analysis from the
positivism research.
Research Method: As it contains two important type of research method where
qualitative and quantitative research is associate in which I provides the numeric data
34

facts and finding as well as it investigate the data on the basis of the positivism research
on which to analyse the view point of respondent.
Sources of data collection: By the behalf of the sources of data collection of primary and
secondary in the research the both consider primary and secondary source of data
collection as per the primary will investigate the data for making the questionnaire and
secondary source analyse the data through primary sources of finding to collection of data
information.
As for the sampling data the suitable method of sampling would be simple random
sampling method on which sample size of 30 respondents of the Aston Martin company
for collects on the basis of research data topic with the help of questionnaires.
Comments and agreement from tutor
Comments (optional):
I confirm that the project is not work which has been or will be submitted for another qualification and
is appropriate.
Agreed: ________________ (name)_______________ Date ______________
Comments and agreement form project proposal checker( IV sampling)
Comments (Optional):
I confirm that the project is appropriate.
Agreed /Disagree: (Name of the IV) Date
Appendix II: Research Ethics approval form
All students conducting research activity that involves human participants or the use of data
collected form human participants are required to gain ethical approval before commencing their
research. Please answer all relevant questions and note that your form may be returned if
incomplete.
For further support and guidance please see your respective Unit Tutor:
Before completing this form, we advise that you discuss your proposed research fully with your
unit tutor. Please complete this form in good time before your research project is due to
commence.
Section 1: Basic details:
Project title:
The selected topic for current research project is, “To determine the impact of workplace
35

discrimination on employee's productivity.” A case study on Aston martin.
Student name:
Student ID number:
Programme:
College Name:
Intended research start date:
Intended research end date:
Section 2 Project summary
Please select all research methods that you plan to use as a part of your project:
 Interviews No
 Questionnaires Yes
 Observations Yes
 Use of personal records No
 Data Analysis Yes
 Action Research No
 Focus Groups No
 Others (Please specify) : n/a
Section 3: Participants
Please answer the following questions, giving full details where necessary.
Will your research involve human participants? Yes
Who are the participants? Tick all that apply:
Ages 12-16: No Young people aged: 17-18 No Adults: Yes
How will participants be recruited (identified an approached)?
From employees of Aston martin.
Describe the processes you will use to inform participants about what you are doing:
Use of notice boards, e-mails and other online channels will be made
How will you obtain consent from participants? Will this be written? How will it be made clear to participants
that they may withdraw consent to participate at any time?
Consent will be obtain through signing written consent form.
Studies involving questionnaires: will participants be given the option of omitting questions that do not wish
to answer?
Yes
If no please explain why below and ensure that you cover any ethical issues arising from this
Studies involving observation: Confirm whether participants will be asked for their informed consent to be
observed.
Yes
Will you debrief participants at the end of their participation (i.e give them a brief explanation of the study)?
Yes
36

Will participants be given information about the findings of your study?(This could be a brief summary of
your findings in general)
Yes
Section 4: Data Storage and Security
Confirm that all personal data will be stored and processed in compliance with the Data Protection Act
(1998)
Yes
Who will have access to the data and personal information?
Only Researcher and tutors
During the research:
Reseacher/Supervisor
Where will the data be stored?
Stored in DOC document with the use of USB and Laptop
Will mobile devices such as USB storage and laptops be used
Yes
If Yes, please provide further details:
After the research: the data will be safely disposed
Where will the data be stored?: USB/Laptop
How long will the data and records be kept for and in what format?
Three to five months
Will data be kept for use by other researchers? No
Section 5 : Ethical Issues
Are there any particular features of your proposed work, which may raise ethical concerns? If so, please
outline how you will deal with these: N/A
It is important that you demonstrate your awareness of potential risks that may arise because of your
research. Please consider/address all issues that may apply. Ethical concerns may include, but are not
limited to the following :
 Informed consent. Yes
 Potentially vulnerable participants. n/a
 Sensitive topics n/a
 Risk to participants and /or researchers: n/a
 Confidentiality/anonymity: Yes
 Disclosures/ limits to confidentiality: Yes
 Data storage and security, both during and after the research (including transfer, sharing,
encryption, protection). Yes
 Reporting: Yes
 Dissemination and use of your findings: Yes
Section 6: Declaration
I have read, understood and will abide by the institution’s Research and Ethics Policy: Yes
I have discussed the ethical issues relating to my research with my Unit Tutor:
Yes
I confirm that to the best of my knowledge:
The above information is correct, and this is a full description of the ethical issues that may arise in the
course of my research
Name: Date:
Please submit your completed form to your tutor and also attach to the Research Proposal when
37

submitting to Turnitin.
38