Social Cognitive Theory and its Application in Tesco Case Study

This document discusses the application of Social Cognitive Theory in the case study of Tesco and its impact on individual behavior. It explores the personal, environmental, and behavioral factors from Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory model.

Research Skills 2
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
Summarise about the Case study.................................................................................................3
Bandura’s social cognitive theory...............................................................................................4
Discuss about the personal, environmental and behavioural factors from Bandura’s Social
Cognitive theory model...............................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8
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INTRODUCTION
Research skills refer to the ability of search, extract, organise and evaluate the relevant
information, specifying the process of detailed or investigation into the different study of
enterprises. Social cognitive theory (SCT) is based on the interpersonal level which has
developed by Albert Bandura that emphasises the dynamic interaction between personal,
environment as well as behavioural
In this report, it will concern about the case study of Tesco, identifying the factors which
directly impact on the behaviour of individual people. This documentation will describe about
the social cognitive theory or model that will implement within the organizational activities.
MAIN BODY
Overview of Bandura’s social cognitive theory
Social cognitive theory is based on the psychology, communication and education holds
that representing the individual’s knowledge. Through this way, it is directly observing the other
with context of experiences, social interaction and other media influences. This type of theory
was advanced by Albert Bandura with extension of social learning theory.
As per given Tesco Case study, it has been implementing the Social cognitive theory to
identify the behavior of individuals, consequences of people (im and et.al., 2020). It is
remembering the sequence of event and use accurate information to provide better guidance. By
using this model, it is observing the perception of people and engage with the staff members on
the basis of their behavior towards organizational activities. In another words, some of people do
not learn about the new behavior which solely by truing them and also succeeding or failing.
The primary objective of this social cognitive theory is to identify the different variation of
intention and adopted the theoretical aspect. It help for identifying the gap as modelled on the
social terms, which is capable of understanding the changes in human behavior. Sometimes, it
also contribution to modern technology acceptance by representing significant role of staff
members towards online consumer service (Wang, Hung and Huang, 2019). In some situation,
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Tesco has been tried to adopt the more advanced features within system and contributions,
identifying the variables.
By using Social Cognitive theory, it pay attention on the individual needs to identify the
behavior and its mental representation. For behavior and attitude, it has grab on the attention and
observe on daily basis. It is to be considered the extremely important whether an influencing the
more people.
Summarise about the Case study
The Case study is related to the Tesco as retailer within more than 3,000000 UK employees and
3,000 physical stores. This organization is primarily focused on providing the more value for
money to potential client, always tries to target all types of existing consumers. Tesco has been
identified that changes in customer habits including shift towards better convenience shopping
experience (Schunk and DiBenedetto, 2020). At certain level, Tesco has faced the issue
regarding high competition level from discounters ALDI, while continually expanding in global
marketplace. In this way, it is very tough for Tesco to maintain their position in global world.
As per given study, it has found that Tesco can tackle crisis with the help of government
action. The significant issues are no confined to the Tesco and loss of jobs while closing retailer
shops in different area or place. Company have struggled in marketplace, identifying the
different issues such as rapidly change of environment or culture, not support for women staff
members, increasing the complaint against staff members. As per implementing the Social
Cognitive theory model, Tesco has been identified the perception of individual’s people through
different factors such as Persona, Environmental and Behavioral.
As per study, it has been considered as environmental factors which identifying the change
of working culture or environment. It is always influencing the employees to do work in proper
manner. AT certain point, a lack of coordination that will affect on the women as staff members.
It has been increasingly the discrimination among staff members.
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Discuss about the personal, environmental and behavioural factors from Bandura’s Social
Cognitive theory model
In this section, it has been discussed about three different factors such as personal,
environmental and behavioural from Bandura’s Social cognitive theory model. In context of
personal factor, it is mainly involved in regulating the more attention of processes, schematic
process of experiences, memory representation and reconstruction. Cognitive based motivation is
always influences the emotion activation, psychobiologic functionality. This type of personal
factor is consider as important aspect which help for identifying the personal behaviour of
individual person within organization. In agenda of social cognitive view, manager of Tesco is
self-organizing, reflecting and regulating the own perception. This will help for them to analyse
the importance of each and every employees in the workplace.
Each and every people have the power to influence their own action in which produce
certain result or outcome. By using personal factor of Social cognitive theory model, it has been
identified the actual capacity to exercise control over thoughts of people which always
motivating or inspiring through different mechanism of personal (Cross and Carbery, 2016
Bratton, 2016). In context of personal factor, many people have actuates the brain processes for
performing the better tasks, achieving their goal or objectives.
In behavioural perspective, Human behaviour has often been described about the one
sided mechanism which is mainly identified the mode of unidirectional. Behavioural is one of
the important factor of social cognitive theory which depicted as being controlled or shaped by
environmental or culture of workplace (Erhardt, Martin Rios and Heckscher, 2016). Sometimes,
it can be driven by internal dispositions. Through this personal factor, it can be examined the
functional dependence between different event and program. Many people can influence with the
overall business working environment or culture that will inspire or motivate staff members
towards goal and achievements.
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Behavioural factors discussed in this theory involve skills, practice and self-efficacy.
These are three different factors that are involved in behavioural factor of social cognitive theory
model. Skills is concerned with skills of the individual regarding what they behave and how they
act, practice is related to their ability to practice and as a result they become expert and proficient
and process in which they are practicing (Schunk and Usher, 2019). Later another element
involves in this is self-efficacy, this is concerned with ability of individual to effectively practice
certain behaviour. This also involve how effectively and frequently individual learn new
behaviour as a result of interaction with their environment and social factors that motivate them
to change their behaviour and act in a new way. Individuals having different skills and self-
efficacy will learn and develop new behaviour more frequently compared to those who are not
efficient. Self-efficacy also help individual in strongly believe about what they want to change in
their behaviour they can do that and that they also have necessary behaviour to perform specific
attainment. Individual with self-efficacy are more likely to succeed in their objectives of
changing behaviour. This means that individuals are more likely to practice a desired behaviour
when they perceive that they have necessary skills and capacity to practice desired behaviour.
Environmental factors refer to context in which behaviour that individual learn occurs.
This factor involves elements like social norms, access in community, influence on others,
feedbacks, standards and rewards (Lent, 2016). These are elements in environmental factors and
as per this learning and behavioural changes in individual occur as a result of different elements
of environment. This involves social norms, this means that behaviour of individual gets
significantly affected by social norms, this is concerned with unwritten rules of behaviour that
are considered and accepted in a society. Social norm has significant impact on behaviour of
individuals and behaviour of individuals again create social norms and this is how relationship
between individual, environmental and behavioural factors reciprocate.
This means that individual’s behaviour is more likely to be according to their social
norms and what are behavioural norms that are generally accepted on society. Concerned with
influence on others, this involves ability of one to change their environment, when individual
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believe that they can bring desired change in their environment they are likely to change their
behaviours. This means that changing their behaviour will contribute in bringing changes within
their environment. This means when individual aims at bringing change on social level and
change their behaviour accordingly and in such situation they will require to change their
behaviour in order to stimulate others to change their behaviour. Feedback is concerned with
what are opinions of other people regarding a certain behaviour of individual, if individual
receives positive response and experience positive and favourable opinion of others towards
them they are more likely to practice their behaviour. On the other hand negative opinion of
others can affect motivation of individual in changing their behaviour. Standards is concerned
with are the standards of behaviour in environment of individual. Individual when receives
reward for their changes in behaviour they are more likely to continue practicing their behaviour
(Valizadeh and et.al., 2019). This is how environmental factors affect shaping behaviour of
individual.
CONCLUSION
In above discussion, it has summarized about the Social Cognitive theory model which help
for identifying the behavior of individual people within organization. It has been identified the
concept of research that can provide the brief idea to gather or collect more information about the
employees, consumers. In this report, it has been considered the case study of Tesco, identifying
the factors which directly impact on the behaviour of individual people. Furthermore, it has
concluded that implement the social cognitive theory model in the enterprise while identifying
the different factors such as personal, behavioural as well as environmental perspectives.
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REFERENCES
Book and Journals
Bratton, J., 2016. Introduction to work and organisational behaviour. 3rd ed. London: Palgrave
Cross, C. and Carbery, R., eds., 2016. Organisational behaviour: an introduction London:
Palgrave
Erhardt, Martin-Rios & Heckscher, 2016. Am I doing the right thing? Unpacking workplace
rituals as mechanisms for strong organizational culture. International Journal of
Hospitality Management. 59. pp.31–41.
Lent, R.W., 2016. Self-efficacy in a relational world: Social cognitive mechanisms of adaptation
and development. The Counseling Psychologist. 44(4). pp.573-594.
Lim, J.S. and et.al., 2020. The role of wishful identification, emotional engagement, and
parasocial relationships in repeated viewing of live-streaming games: A social cognitive
theory perspective. Computers in Human Behavior. p.106327.
Schunk, D.H. and DiBenedetto, M.K., 2020. Motivation and social cognitive
theory. Contemporary Educational Psychology. 60. p.101832.
Schunk, D.H. and Usher, E.L., 2019. Social cognitive theory and motivation. The Oxford
handbook of human motivation. p.11.
Valizadeh, N and et.al., 2019. Social-cognitive conceptualization of Iranian farmers’ water
conservation behavior. Hydrogeology Journal. 27(4). pp.1131-1142.
Wang, S., Hung, K. and Huang, W.J., 2019. Motivations for entrepreneurship in the tourism and
hospitality sector: A social cognitive theory perspective. International Journal of
Hospitality Management. 78. pp.78-88.
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