Community Health Challenges and Needs

This assignment examines the pressing health issues within a specific community. It delves into the challenges posed by infectious diseases like hepatitis B and chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes. The report highlights the role of community councils in addressing these concerns and proposes strategies for improving healthcare services. Additionally, it analyzes the impact of current lifestyle choices on future healthcare needs.

The Role of Public Health in
Health and social care

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
LO 1.................................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Explanation of roles of different agencies for identification of health and diseases.............1
1.2 Explanation of epidemiology of a infectious and non-infection diseases in the country......2
1.3 Evaluation of different approaches and strategies to control diseases in communities........3
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Current Priorities and approaches to provision of services to ill people...............................4
2.2 Explanation of relationship between prevalence of disease and service requirements.........4
2.3 Impact of current lifestyle choices on future needs for health and social care services.......5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
Public health is defined to be a science and an art of preventing spread of diseases so that
people are able to lead a prolonged and healthy lifestyle (Aveyard, 2014). It aims to promote
physical health and efficiency among individuals by assuring that community infections are
eliminated and adequate medical assistance is catered to people who require it. The efforts in this
domain are organised by society itself so that ideal health status of people could be restored. This
assignment has taken into consideration the different approaches which are to be undertaken by
institution in measuring and monitoring diseases in communities. The implications of illness will
be taken into consideration as well. Lastly, factors which influence the health and well being of
individuals are understood.
LO 1
1.1 Explanation of roles of different agencies for identification of health and diseases
London borough of tower hamlets lies in the east part of the London. The areas which
comes under this council are river docks, canary wharf and tallest building in London. This
council recommends to visit general practitioner in the region so that best suitable healthcare
services are identified. The Public health works aims to address the factors which results in
addition of chronic diseases in the region (Barer, 2011).
The major responsibilities which are carried out county council in their respective areas are as
follows:
 the first major duty which is to be fulfilled by them is collection of data further analysis
of the same relating to health and social sector.
 It aims to provide training to healthcare professionals so that they are catered in best
possible manner.
 It aims to observe treatment of TB directly so that completion rates could be enhanced.
Barking and Dagenham is identified to be one of the backward regions when it comes to
sustaining health of residents. The major causes for the same is that there is a change for
population growth in the region. Poverty along with smoking, obesity and physical inactivity are
amongst major causes which result in high death rates in the region. They are assigned to watch
major aspects such as adult social care, children's care and public health.
 The county council along with forming partnerships with other organisation works to
improve stature of health of residents.
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 The duty involves empowerment of health checks and sexual wellness services to people.
 Provision of vaccines for communicable diseases is also carried out by the council.
 It also provides advice to the members of council relating to treatment of population so
that better health outcomes are achieved.
1.2 Explanation of epidemiology of a infectious and non-infection diseases in the country
Epidemiology is referred to as study of distribution and deciding factors of disease
among people (Berkman, Kawachi and Glymour, 2014). It undertakes quantitative study in
which diseases information related to diseases are identified so that they are controlled better
health is promoted in individual. It is essential to carry out this study so that major risk factors
are identified relating to health and are mitigated. The causes and patterns are ascertained so that
polices and practices for healthcare are developed.
Infectious disease: Hepatitis-B
The infectious diseases which is widespread in the country is Hepatitis-B. It an infection
which is caused to liver which extends with help of blood and body fluids. It is an communicable
disease which can spread from mother to a new born and from one child to another. The another
means through which it can spread is having unprotected sex with an infected person. It has been
identified that this disease is born by over 2 million people throughout the world. The major
causes through which it spreads in the nation is due to sex or drug abuse.
Non-infectious disease: Diabetes
The non-infectious disease is Diabetes. The type 2 of diabetes is referred to as most
common disease in the country. Categorisation in this type takes place due to secretion and
resistance of insulting in the body. The data recorded states that over 6% (3.5 million people) of
total population is suffering from this disease. It has been projected that this epidemic is believed
to be enlarged and will affect more than 5 million people in the country itself. It has been
identified that this disease could be controlled and prevented with the help of lifestyle
interventions for an individual (Happell, Platania‐Phung and Scott, 2011).
1.3 Evaluation of different approaches and strategies to control diseases in communities
The efforts and strategies which are formulated by institutions tend to be useful in
interrupting diseases from spreading in an individual (McKee, 2013). There are prevention stages
which are deployed to counter illnesses at various levels. Before occurrence of disease people are
informed about precautionary measures which are to be taken by them. These approaches
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revolves around detection of illness and diseases and countering with same with healthcare
practices.
The mention of approaches which is provided to a person suffering from an illness are as
follows:
Surveillance: This step undertakes conducting an analysis of operating environment. The
activities which are undertaken are education and promotion of ideal healthcare practices.
Therefore assessing the same it can be identified that strategies have been successful in making
sure that people are able to lead a healthy and disease free lifestyle. There are approaches which
tries to control environment in which such diseases persist such as infections, pollution and
eating habits.
Screening: it is refers to an approach which leads to detection of disease through variety
of tests. The efforts in this approach is to identify and minimize progress and enlargement of
illness. Screening leads to allocate ideal healthcare resources to an individual.
Standard Precaution: This approach includes following standard norms and precautions
tactics so that spread of infection could be eliminated. The key feature of this stage includes use
of personal protective gears and management of body fluids. The illness is being further is
prevented from expanding and catered in a suitable environment.
Immunisation: In case a person suffering from communicable disease he is secluded
from public. It refers to provision of antibodies and antigens so that body could be prepared to
fight back illness (Rosen, 2015).
Treatment: This is the final stage in which a ill person is offered with most suitable
services so that disease could be controlled and eliminated from the host body.
LO 2
2.1 Current Priorities and approaches to provision of services to ill people
There is an presence of chronic illnesses which are to be rectified so that people are able
to carry out a disease free lifestyle. The emergence of diseases such as obesity, cancer and
diabetes have threatened lifestyle of people in most significant manner. Therefore it is extremely
important for prioritise such diseases and assure that healthcare organisation are able control and
manage widespread of diseases (Yip and et. al., 2012).
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The type 2 of diseases have identified to be one of the most sever disease which is
impacting healthcare status of population of the country. The major steps or approaches which
are employed in disease prevention are as follows:
Primary Prevention: The first approach to intervention involves initiating of educational
and well-fare programmes so that chances of occurrence of such chronic disease is mitigated.
The intake of healthy food along with ideal physical activity assures that chances of rise of such
illness is reduced to nil.
Secondary Prevention: This step undertakes identification of illness through detection
activities so that progression disease in host individual could be limited.
Tertiary Prevention: This is the last approach in which efforts are aimed in blocking
growth of illness in the body. The individual is catered with excessive care so that disorder can
be prevented from reaching at an advanced stage.
2.2 Explanation of relationship between prevalence of disease and service requirements
It defines the number of people who are infected by the mentioned disease. It assists in
proving information relating to individual who are suffering from the mentioned illness. This
information is undertaken to formulate plans and strategies relating to healthcare in the future
(Aveyard, 2014). Determining rate at which the disease is being spread helps in identifying
measures which assists in countering the same. The aids and support programmes are develop to
control the epidemic. For instance: Type 2 of diabetes have identified to be one of the chronic
diseases which is being spread in the country. The tools of epidemiology support in collecting
information about the same including major causes for occurrence of the same. It requires an
inter-sectoral efforts to counter the disease. There is need felt for establishing effective
programmes which assures that quality services are offered to people who are suffering from this
chronic illness. The system is to be benchmarked along with clearly defines roles and
responsibilities so that they are catered in the ideal manner.
2.3 Impact of current lifestyle choices on future needs for health and social care services
The current pattern in lifestyle of people arises huge needs for strengthening future health
and care services (Barer, 2017). The dietary intake and eating pattern of people has become
major causes of poor health among people. The consumption for tobacco have increased
significantly which lead to increase in chances and probabilities of illness and cancer. The
provision of healthcare services have increased life expectancy which carries a significant need
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of healthcare services in the country. The major problems which are persistent in the country are
obesity and lack of physical activities. It refers to increase in the body of fat of individuals
causing numerous health and social problems to an individual. Another major cause for needs of
modification of health and social care services is lack of physical activities among the young
people. This is the major reason for people falling ill and are prone to diseases.
CONCLUSION
It can be ascertained from the above report that community councils are giving their best
to counter the rise of diseases in the local community. They have formulated various principles
and strategies so that situation can be turned favourable. The major infectious and non-infectious
diseases which lie in the community are hepatitis-b and type 2 of diabetes. These diseases have
turned out to be chronic and are to countered with ideal measures and treatment so that healthy
and happy lifestyle could be promoted.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journal
Aveyard, H., 2014. Doing a literature review in health and social care: A practical guide.
McGraw-Hill Education (UK).
Barer, M. ed., 2017. Why are some people healthy and others not?. Routledge.
Berkman, L. F., Kawachi, I. and Glymour, M. M. eds., 2014. Social epidemiology. Oxford
University Press.
Happell, B., Platania‐Phung, C. and Scott, D., 2011. Placing physical activity in mental health
care: A leadership role for mental health nurses. International Journal of Mental Health
Nursing, 20(5), pp.310-318.
McKee, R., 2013. Ethical issues in using social media for health and health care research. Health
Policy, 110(2), pp.298-301.
Rosen, G., 2015. A history of public health. JHU Press.
Yip, W.C.M. And et. al., 2012. Early appraisal of China's huge and complex health-care reforms.
The Lancet, 379(9818), pp.833-842.
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