Strategic Management: Realized, Emergent, Intended Strategies and Business Tools

This article discusses the difference between realized, emergent, intended strategies and the most suitable business tools. It also determines the major opportunities and threats for the business in the short and mid-term range and explains the various issues that can be observed if you determine to want growth by international markets. Additionally, it explains the strengths that would be needed to overcome with the weaknesses.

Strategic Management

Table of Contents
Question 1........................................................................................................................................3
a) Difference between realized, emergent, intended strategies . Explain the most suitable
business tools?.............................................................................................................................3
b) Determine the major opportunities and threats for the business in the short and mid-term
range?...........................................................................................................................................7
c) Explain the various issues that can be observed if you determine to want growth by
international markets? .................................................................................................................7
d) Explain the strengths that would be needed to overcome with the weaknesses? .................8
Question 2 .......................................................................................................................................8
a) Considering the resource based and market based view towards strategy..............................8
i) increase outlets in UK and/or ..................................................................................................8
ii) start establishing outlets internationally .................................................................................8
b) Explain whether any of Mintzberg and Lampel’s Ten Schools of Strategy Formulation?.....9
Question 3 .....................................................................................................................................11
a) Recommendations for the organizations from the findings ? ...............................................11
b) Should the strategy be given approval, this would be an example of top down strategy
making.......................................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14
Books and Journal......................................................................................................................14
Evaluating Mintzberg’s 10 schools of thoughts for strategy formulation, 2022 [Online] Available
through:<https://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/evaluating-mintzbergs-10-schools-of-
thoughts-for-strategy-formulation/1609541/>...............................................................................15

Question 1
a) Difference between realized, emergent, intended strategies . Explain the most suitable
business tools?
Ans. Intended strategies refers to the strategies that has been formulated by an organization at the
initial level or in the beginning of planning. Whereas emergent strategies are the strategies that
are formulated in the emergency situation where the organization is required to respond to the
unexpected opportunity or challenge of the market(Okumus,and et. al., 2019). Realize a strategy
is completely different from both intended and emergent strategy and refers to the strategy on
which the organization actually based their actions and plans. Realizes strategies are the result of
intended strategy of a organization which includes the emergent strategy of the company. In
order to enhance the operational activities of an organization it is essential for every organization
to formulate and involve in formulation of all the three strategies.
There are certain kind of differences among these strategies where intended strategies are
described into detailed form within the organizational strategic plan. In the case of emergent
strategies it has been observed that it has explained after the business has carried out the set of
actions for developing the pattern. Realized strategies are those which have been framed when
firm is planning to do it. The most distinguish point between emergent and intended strategy is
that planned strategy implements from the top to down management's approach and emergent
strategy tool from the bottom up approach to top level. The most distinguish point between the
realized and intended strategy is that intended strategy is the plan which is at the initial stage
whereas realized strategy is how it worked out at the end.
Execution of the tactics that are based on the analysis of the organization that includes both
internal as well as external analytic thinking for company. The internal analytic thinking of the
company that is possible undertaken with the supported by SWOT analysis whereas the external
analytic thinking can be undertaken of the institution with the help of PESTLE analysis(Ansoff,
and et. al., R., 2018). SWOT and pestle analysis of an independent health food store that has
been operating in the market of United Kingdom that is Alara Wholefoods are given below:
SWOT Analysis
Strength Weakness

 The organic products are the main
strengths of the company due to
COVID its sales increased.
 The company provides higher
satisfaction to their customers by
availing high quality products.
 The organic and high quality
products helps them to achieve brand
recognition in the market.
 There are two main weakness of
company are that it has low presence in
global market.
 They have high pricing comparing to
their competitors and this also proves as
weakness of company .
 As company having low global market
and limited supplier network which can
effects the supply chain operation.
Opportunity Threat
 Company can attract more customers
as the demand for organic product is
increasing .
 The company can increase its global
presence by using digital technology
over the world
 As the company is having huge
demand for its product and can seize
more market using social media .
 There is a low cost competition in
market as the company is dealing in
organic products and it causes high
maintenance cost.
 Climate change can impact the
company's production of food which
can appear as a threat for the company .
 The FDA regulations changes country
to country and has strict regulations that
can be a major threat for company to
grow in different markets .
PESTLE Analysis
Pestle analysis is used to analyze various external factors which has their impact on the
operations of the business organization. The various factors of political environment that has
their impact on the operations of Alara wholesale foods company are given below:
Political: The authorities has important effect on how enterprises function in a definite
commercial enterprise or marketplace. The US authorities, for instance, is intent on set up
regulations for organic and GMO food goods. In relation to it, the merchant has the opportunities
to build standardized by making sure in which all of their organic and non-GMO items are
decently labelled. The goal can be said is to protect the rights of the consumers. Governmental
determiner might track to free trade understanding, that can provide the advantages to the firm
by enabling it to broaden their operations thanks to the chances that provided by free trade
agreements. Furthermore, to attract more customers and create brand value the business
organization can use its Whole Trade Guarantee.

Economical: Whole Foods Market is immediately affected by occurrence in the country's
economy. In the US, like, economic stability has been experienced as the Great Recession of
2009. Due to the company's nonfluctuating and growing economy, it has been capable to recruit
more people, lowering unemployment in the country. Despite this, Whole Foods is dealing with
financial issues as the price of worker charge per unit of the nation rising hence the organization
is depended on makers from such nation. Hence rate of supplies rises and to corporation to
reckoned following suitable economical schemes.
Social: Whole Foods Market efficiently lodge the dynamical manner of its consumers. As
customers are growing highly sensitive towards their health and effective quality of organic
goods, for example, and Whole Foods Market has a potential to capitalize on this trend. On the
other hand, the firm advantages from supplying several sort of assortment of cookery products
by the cultural diversity of the United States. Thirdly, the financial condition inequality is
increasing, eventually to harm the bourgeois-class consumers who are Whole Foods Market's
main objective.
Technological: With the advent of technology in the industry, there is a greater demand for
businesses (like Whole Foods Market) to automate their operations. As a result, corporate
efficiency improves. Similarly, the corporation can leverage basic technologies like online
services that allow clients to place offers using mobile technology. This would assist the
organization in keeping up with e-commerce methods that corporations use to acquire market
information.
Legal: Companies must now obey with environmental regulations. Global warming is the reason
of the considerable quantity of issues in the macro-environment due to which the Whole Foods
Marketplace works, as it interconnected with the producing term of the supplying business.
Hence, there is a remarkable waste disposition problem. The unfortunate waste management
relates to situation impurity, thus the firm must will complicated but efficient trash disposal
tactics to overcome polluting of the environment. Moreover, Whole Foods Marketplace
essentially prioritize accomplishing organization passivity through with situation's creativity in
order to decrease biological effects (Bryson and George, 2020).
Environmental: Environmental security regulations, deficient in employee law in
underdeveloped nations, and antimonopoly legislations is in the judicial questioning impacting

organizational functions. Contempt the fact that it has powerful biological regulation, the firm
has to form the highest degree of them in order to encouragement of company identity. The firm
must support a just labor practices revaluation of their provider. Eventually, contempt the reality
that Whole Foods Market has used blame as a important enlargement scheme, antimonopoly
rules bound the company's capability to improve growth through m&a transactions.
Porters five forces analysis
This model help the organization to gain the competitive advantage by analyzing the
external factors of the environment over its competitors . There are five forces that are used by
the Whole Foods Market to know more about the competition in the particular industry which
areas under:
 Competition in the industry: It mean to the competitors that are existing in the industry
with their amount of equivalent products or services. When there are less challenger in
the industry so the organization have an opportunity to charge the higher prices to gain
profits. In relation to Whole Foods Market, there are many challenger of the company
such as Walmart, Kroger, The Fresh Market, Trader's Joe etc. which provide higher
competition to the company(Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, 2019).
 Threat of the new entrant: The power of the company can be impacted by the new
entrant in the market. With acknowledgment to Whole Foods Market, there is low risk of
the new entrant as it needs a vast amount for investment in the business so it can not
possible for new entrant to provide competition to the company as it is well known brand.
Therefore, company can bring the new product to bring new nad more customers.
 Power of suppliers: It means to the expenditure of the inputs of the goods and services
that are charged by the suppliers from a business interest. As regard with Whole Foods
Market, it is a food company so it has many suppliers from which it can buy raw
materials. Therefore, there is low bargaining power of the supplier because company
have an opportunity to switch to the other supplier when the prices are raised by a one
supplier.
 Power of buyers: It means as the power of negotiation for the less prices and better
deal that are made by the customers. In regards to Whole Foods Market, there is high

bargaining power of the customers which may impact the competitive strategy of the
organsition. This is beacsue the buyer can easily switch for the other cpmpanies producrs
when are not satisfied withy the prices of the company.
 Threat of substitute products: This can also impact the strategy of the organization
because buyer have an opportunity to buy product on the basis of quality and prices. With
reference to Whole Foods Market, there I moderate threat of substitute products
therefore, an organization is required to understand the core need of the customers in
order to provide them product accordingly(Dzwigol, 2020).
b) Determine the leading chances and dangers for the business in the shortened and middle term
range?
Ans. In the short-term range the company has various opportunities such as they have the
opportunity to expand their business in the international market with the high demand of organic
products. The spread of covid-19 makes people alert for their hygiene and health especially with
the selection of their food products. This is a great opportunity that has been accessible for the
company to expand their enterprise in the international market with the help of digital
technology. This opportunity is available for the company for medium and short term. Apart
from this the company also faces several threats that are available in the market especially the
rate of global competition. There is high competition in the market in which companies offer low
price product to their customers. This low prices products available in the market are not threat
for the company in the international market but also create a third to operate in the local market.
But there are several factors that will help the organization and their critical success especially
the quality of their products and services they offer as they are high quality products as
compared to their competitors(Krutova, and et. al., 2020).
c) Explain the various issues that can be observed if you determine to want growth by
international markets?
Ans. As company provides a great value in the past to intimate the customers about the pros and
cons of the products and services and also building as well as creating a great value for
customers in the market. This provides a great customer satisfaction and fulfill their expectations
from the company which helps the company to achieve success and growth in the international
market. Due to the changes that has occurred in the external market there are several issues that

can be faced by the company in the international market to grow and succeed. The major issue
that has been faced by the company in the external environment is the economic environment of
various countries. The covid-19 has affected GDP of nearly all the companies and degrade the
economic condition of all the countries which creates a great issue for the organization to expand
their business in the external market for stop in order to overcome this issue the company is
required to offer their products at best possible low prices with great quality so that more and
more customers can be able to afford the products(Regent, and et. al., 2019).
In the international environment, there are various kinds of issues which has been
identified by the whole food market where they have to face problem of language due to which
they can't communicate into effective manner at the organizational level. There are different
kinds of differences in terms of culture due to which they can't feel comfortable in terms of
working in their professional world. At the international level, there are different kinds of
political issues due to which company can't perform into ethical manner and can't make the
healthy relationship with their team members and other business partners as well(Bodrunov and
Plotnikov, 2019).
d) Explain the strengths that would be needed to overcome with the weaknesses?
Ans. In order to overcome the weaknesses that has been identified above the company has
several stands. As it has been identified the weakness of the company is their high prices of
quality products and the strength of the company that they offer organic products to the
customers will help the company to overcome this weakness. It is because after covid-19 it has
been analysed that people are more concerned about their health and hygienics and province of
the amount they pay on the nutrient products. This mentality that is changed with the help of
covid-19 in bypast a couple of years helps the company to triumph their strength over their
imperfectness. The company has greatly and condition in the market which will help them to
expand their business in the international market so that they can be able to sold their products
and services with high prices.

Question 2
a) Considering the resource based and industry based view towards strategy
i) gain in retail store in UK and/or
ii) start set up outlets world-wide
Ans. According to the plan of action that has been based on the assets based perspective strategy
it argues that the competitor y advantage can be gained by an organization with the help of
distinct resources and capabilities(Johanson, and et. al., 2019). It is understandable that resource
based strategy is a managerial framework these are used to regulate the strategic resources that
firm exploit to gain sustainable competitive advantage. As per this strategy resources are
valuable ,rare and these are difficult to imitate and those which are non substitutable that are in
the best position a industry that has a longer perspective. According to this strategy an
organization formulated strategy to understand the elements that has been used in the business
organization so that they can be able to gain long term competitive advantage. Whereas market
based view strategy is a strategy which involves a process which requires the prices of the
product to be fixed after the cost of similar products are study that are available in the market. As
per the markets view strategy that an industry mostly prioritize o role of market condition and
creating strategy for an industry. Strategies are different and provide different outcomes to the
company a start set up outlets world-wide and can be adopted by the organic company for their
long term competitive advantage. To consider the increasing outlet in United Kingdom the
company should focus on the market best view strategy as it will help the company to stay in the
competitive market and game much possible competitive advantage. In order to answer the
second point that is to start establishing outlet internationally the company is recommended to
use the resource supported orientation strategy. In this manner the company will be able to focus
on their resources and capabilities to enhance their production services and provide
differentiation in the quality of their products. This will help the company to successful establish
their operations in the international market and gain differentiation in the international market
and provide quality of products and services in the international market.(Perevozova, and et. al.,
2019).

b) Explain whether some of Mintzberg and Lampel’s Ten Schools Plan of action Formulation?
Ans. Considering the far strategy the mintzberg plan of action formulation theory can be used
which includes 10 schools that are explained below
1. The Design School: It's in charge of creating the SWOT analysis help an organization to
understand its internal strength and weakness and external opportunity and threats. This
approach is suitable for matching the macro and micro strengths of the
business(Evaluating Mintzberg’s 10 schools of idea for strategy preparation).The CEO is
a strategist who come up with the new strategies and oversees their implementation.
(Selyutina, Pesotskaya and Hakimov, 2021).
2. The Planning School: Its theoretic base are found in group theory and cybernetics. The
procedure is planned in such a way that outlines the global tactics in a systematic manner
by which the business can go conduct its various activities and grow forward
3. The Positioning School: Its main interest is in industrialized -economical aspect, also that
business done by Michael porters is being particularly relevant. Economic thought are
utilized to analyses business relation and a competitory position; firm might hold one of
three general tactics like cost leadership, differentiation, or focus (niche market). The
Economics have huge effect at this school.
4. The Entrepreneurial School: This allow you to impact and change its surroundings.
Businessperson have the ability of delivering to industry new goods and facilities that
are produced on the basis of specific dynamics that are very different from the industry
present-day 'rules.'
5. The Cognizable School: The basic control of the 'cognitive' is psychology. It think the
surroundings to be tough-minded to hold and demanding. In it, the organization's
strategy-making is highly interdependent on ‘mental maps.' In specific, strategy is in
small stages that 'emergent' rather than predetermined. (Magnini, Crotts, and Calvert,
2020).
6. The learning School: The base of the problem is mental-makeup of . The earthborn
mindset is treated as a complex and uncertain. The nature of the corporal surroundings,
along with a fragmented outcomes, form the delivery of the information a difficult task.

The business enterprises which usage of the Training school model have been recovered
to create plan of action which are settled on the past.
7. The Power School: All-powerful people create the judgment. Consumers, demands,
working class unions, and chief might all be strength centralized. At some period of
time, the power school is highly policy-making, the strengthen cartel talk terms, create
confederation, and complex for it.
8. The Cultural School: The favorable elegance is been thrived from the innovation and
creativity. In this school, plan of action improvement is determined by a organizations
particular thought, personal viewpoints, and opinion on tools and means. Strategy
improvement is a cultural interaction activity that is identified with the joint thought and
realization of employees of an business enterprise. It's especially giving advantage to the
organization during mergers and acquisitions.
9. The Environmental School: It is circumstantial and prioritized on the importance of the
surroundings; for instance, in the IT software companies, automation is always
developing and innovating which requires a time to time updates in the software. As a
outcome, the most commonly utilized method in this school is circumstantial analysis.
10. The Configuration School: It's among the just about ordinary and popular because of it's
foundation based on the thought that the plan of action must be designed; it have to be
well, executed, and arranged for the business organization enterprises(Hock, and et. al.,
2019).
According to all the 10 schools of Mintzberg strategy preparation there can be various
kinds of plan of action that can be formulated by the company. The design school plan of action
has been advisable to be thoughtful for other to make effective strategies for the company so that
they can be able to achieve effective growth and development in the market.
Question 3
a) Recommendations for the organizations from the findings ?
Ans. According to the given findings it has been suggested to the company to try to expand their
enterprise in the international marketplace with the help of online automated level. The

company has an opportunity to use the digital platforms such as social media websites email and
other options to expand their business in international market. In terms of environment the
company has several opportunities available in the market as they deals in organic products and
services. The company can be able to sell their products in the international market but are
required to consider various risk and weaknesses that has been identified by them in the
international market(Krasniqi, 2019). To provide the production services in the most organized
manner of the companies required to choose pollution free treatment of foods products and
services. This requires the company to have an in depth research on the various techniques that
can be used to provide healthy and hygienic food products to the customersinternational
marketplace w. It is a costly process which increases the product cost in the market and makes
the product not affordable to the customers(Ekon and Isayas, 2022). It is the major weakness
that has been faced by the company and requires the proper strategy to be recommended in this
context. Iinternational marketplace wt has been recommended to the company instead of
expanding a lot on their research they need tointernational marketplace w spend their money on
adopting low cost techniques in the organization in order for providing impressive work to their
customers at low cost. According to the findings that has been make above it has been
recommended to the company to choose the organic products in precise manner so that they can
be able to provide their products and services in the all months of the year and be able to be
available for their customers.
It has been recommended for the organization to use Ansoff Matrix which includes
certain parameters such as market penetration, market development, diversification and product
development as well. It is the matrix which has been used by the administration teams and the
expert community to aid plan and measure the growing initiatives as well(Rauf and Marek,
2020).
Market penetration: This concept deals into the context of acceleratory the sales of existent
products into the present market. In context to whole food market, they have to focus on
increasing the sales with their existing product into the present market.
Market development: It centering on the selling of present products into fresh marketplace. In
context to whole food market, they have to sell their products which are into the existing
condition into this new market.

Product development: The organization has to focus on informing the fresh products to an
present market. In context to whole food market, they have to focus on innovating the fresh
products in their present market.
Diversification: This concept basically deals into the context of incoming into a fresh market
with entirely fresh products. In context to whole food industry, they have to enter into new
market with all their new products so that they can attract customers on a larger scale.
So the implementation of Ansoff Matrix at the organizational level of whole food market
helps the stakeholders in conceptualizing the level of risk which is related with different kinds of
development plan of action(Fontrodona, Ricart and Berrone, 2018).
b) Should be plan of action be given approval, this type of strategy are knows as top-down
strategy .
Ans. Strategies required for giving favorable reception as it is the top-grade example of top down
plan of action production for stop this is the effective strategy and is helpful one in expanding
the marketplace especially in the international marketplace. Among every alternative which is
available along with company in terms of their processes strategy it is the best strategy that has
been chosen by the company. Apart from this the company also has an option to choose another
strategy such as bottom to top or extended strategy but this is the most used and frequent strategy
that can be used by the company.
At the organizational level, it has been observed that with the use of top down strategy it
becomes very difficult to have an update about the information to all the team members. It is
difficult because at the highest level all the decisions have been taken and there is no
involvement of other team members due to which it is difficult to implement this top down
strategy into appropriate manner.

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