Operational and Project Management

This document discusses operational and project management principles and their implementation in the case studies of Dyson and Crossrail. It also explores the concept of product life cycle and its application in the electric train project. The document provides insights into continuous improvement and lean principles.

Operational and Project
Management

Table of Contents
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
PART 1............................................................................................................................................1
Organisation Review...................................................................................................................1
Explain Operation vs Operational Management.........................................................................1
Review and critique implementation of operation management principles................................2
Extend which operations management in case study meets requirement of Dyson. .................3
Continuous improvement and Lean Principles...........................................................................3
Continuous Improvement plan:...................................................................................................4
Recommendation:.......................................................................................................................5
Part 2................................................................................................................................................5
Overview of case study...............................................................................................................5
Application about Product life Cycle:.........................................................................................6
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
The concept of operational management is defines as administration of various business
practises that allows to enhance effective level of efficiency. It is important for business in their
project to help for accomplishing objectives. Project management is emphasis about combination
of all parts that main to better execution on particular project in companies. Operation and
management and project and activities in smooth manner (Bjorvatn and Wald., 2018). This
report is based on Dyson and New Imperial Motors, which are these two influence effective
manufacturing organisation in United Kingdom. The report is divided in two part where first part
is associated with review and critique of effectiveness about better management and operation to
enhance effective constant improvement (Bredillet., Tywoniak and Tootoonchy., 2018). On
second part perspective is associated with Cross-rail is biggest infrastructure project is one of
largest single investment undertaken United Kingdom. The preparation of continuous of
improvement plan of plc and review as well as critique of effectiveness of Product life Cycle that
using in various tools, technique and theories.
MAIN BODY
PART 1.
Organisation Review.
The company Dyson Ltd, one of influence and well recognised technological
manufacturing where organisation to better operates within United Kingdom (Daniel and
Daniel., 2018). It develops and deals in several households appliances like Vacuum cleaners, hair
dryers where blade free fans etc. It was founded in 1991, the firms is majorly deals on adopting
several principles of operations management and emphasis on implementing through
manufacturing and distribution process.
Explain Operation vs Operational Management.
The concept of operation is depicts about every procedure and activity enhance that has
been adopted companies to accomplish organisational goals and objective. The another concept
of Operational management is depicts about overall planning, systematic management system
which highlight specific actions that related with manufacturing, delivery etc. In Dyson
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Operation and Operation Management both plays vital role to maintain activities in
manufacturing for product and services which evaluate to generates high positive outcomes.
Review and critique implementation of operation management principles.
There are different principles of operation management which are essentials for
organisation that to adopt and implementation in order to effective positive outcomes towards
improvising operation management. As per the context of Dyson manufacturing and delivery are
one of most important operations for better performed as per case study. Some of these process
ensure for much higher profitability and better improvement and supervising are involved
(Drobyazko and et. al., 2019). There are some of principles and delivery which are most
important operation management are as follows:
 Reality: The operation management needs to focuses on overall issues which instead to
approach techniques. It is because where not tools allows to attend to present for sorting
out universal solution.
 Organisation: This is one of effective principles of operations management about
organisation. As per this principles is major offering about product and services to
effective manufacturing within an organisation. It works on process which allows
norms and polices form for work compliance regulates in effective manner. On the
basis of regulating company is better experiences and to generates high profitability.
Therefore, there is lack in connectivity towards activities within better developed for
unique product offers. For Dyson company , their management and operation team
must adopt electric or robotic featured appliances that can increase the work efficiency
in better flexible manner.
 Variance: It is another critical principles of operation and management who upon the
philosophies that variances are inherent in each and every procedure performed in
company. As per cutting in costs is majorly allows then it requires for company that
uses to monitor and control. In case of Dyson, the firm themselves to manage their
better distribution for operation. Therefore, a strong implementation towards principles
that required by company.
 Change: As per this principles is associated within implies for new solution and
theories in order to effective way to perform operation in systematic. Dyson, in order to
appropriately enhance the scope of improvement where innovation in their work that
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helps to attain effective outcomes. The implement to this design and manufacturing
process effectively to attain competitive dynamic business environment. In addition to
this, they tend to implement for better innovation which design and manufacturing
process for follow dynamic business environment.
Extend which operations management in case study meets requirement of Dyson.
As some essentials requirements for Dyson, which is needed to company for better adopt
these operation management principles for appropriately perform their activities in smooth and
consistent manner. In following certain points are elaborates for Operation management to meet
adjustments:
 In first situation there is process is essential requirement about organisation where cutting
down costs. As per the principles of variance is well adopted within company in order to
enhance these devise offered. Therefore, they fails to implement this principles on the
cost of manufacturing activity (Du, Philbin and Zhang, 2019). To meeting up activity to
making sure about general requirements.
 Another appropriate necessity of company is accomplishing is effective manner to
enhance quality as well as consistency towards company productivity. As Dyson is
having manufacturing where they follows in compliance oriented manner. In relation of
principles of organisation the connectivity is overall process in manufacturing
inconsistent. The role of human resources they allows some sort of policies which
encourage about company that enhance to encourage for adopting robotics in their
process.
 To delivering as per final offering towards customer that appropriately allows another
requirement to Dyson. The emphasis of innovation that allows methods where it takes
consuming time for providing time consuming where inconsistent performances facing
current situation.
Continuous improvement and Lean Principles.
On perspective of Dyson, it becomes exactly to provide necessary to ensure for flexible
performance driven in terms of manufacturing of delivery activities. Therefore, it is essentials for
organisation to ensure towards continuous development system. It refers to the process of a
repetitive analysis and induced improvement in context of enhancing performance for
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formulating standard quality. The lean operation is business strategy that driven where principles
towards commencing more or less.
In following there are lean principles where they well contributing towards better improvement
of Dyson company are reviewed that follows by lean principles. This is type of framework that
implemented towards organisation to manufacture where they minimum offers for waste. Some
of key principles of lean which explain below:
 As per first principles is identification of value is depicts to effectively analyse of aspects
where customer use to hold it.
 Other principle is assessing of value stream which is process to ensure systematic value
of company in effective manner.
 The creation of flow is yet another effective principles of lean which ensure maximise of
effective efficiency to maximise waste in each step to regulates (Heldman., 2018).
 Another principles is depicting establishing polls where Dyson is well required to analyse
needs of consumer and customized their operation work in accordingly.
 Lastly, the areas of improvement are identified and firm to seeking perfection in their
action. It helps to minimise the waste and provide maximum utility in their product.
Continuous Improvement plan:
On the based of review and having critique principles of operation management above as
it is highly necessary about Dyson to prepare a continuous development plan in order to ensure a
proper application. The principles and better accomplishment about company's requirement:
BASIS CURRENT METHODOLOGIES PROPOSED METHODOLOGIES
Cost
In context of firm they implies on
principles of variance which is assort to
cut up the costs. Moreover, this
principles is applies on current situation
for better diversity rather than
decreasing costs.
This principles enhance by
organisation to assort by techniques
helps to cutting up costs in
manufacturing. Eventually, firms must
assort use to this technology in
advancement like automation where
cut up costs of monitoring process of
training employees.
Quality On principles of organisation is not The company must ensure that each
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better effectively implemented by the
company which is enhance to affecting
the interconnectivity of activities which
enhance failing of quality.
activity is flexible enough where
connected towards another product
desired results (Kerzner, 2018). To
seeking for better quality company
must need to customise their product
manufacturing process by using Total
Quality Management where it ensure
process of better quality at their
offering.
Delivery
The principles of better reliability that
allows innovation repetadley as per
enhance better delivery process in
effective manner (Layton, Ostermiller
and Kynaston., 2020).
Through this principles which must be
applied towards firm where in order to
accomplish better solution in timely
basis. About the similar company
might use techniques like Six Sigma
where it allows to guide about how
process to get adding in costing.
Recommendation:
On the basis of assessment where it above considered, there are some of several
recommendation which is essentials to implement by Dyson which appropriately enhancing
about operation management that improves performance of employees as well as production and
distribution factor:
 As per the firm having aspect to implement innovation where organisation structure.
To making them insists about better transformed in changing requirement of the
company.
 As per perspective to ensure about effective delivery, in which firm need to assort
certain methods like Six Sigma that helps to improve company's internal as well as
external capabilities towards their business related process in product and service.
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Part 2.
Overview of case study.
Crossrail is biggest railway construction project where it mainly undertaken in London,
United Kingdom. Their aim is to provide high rate of frequency towards suburban passenger to
service across on London. It is one of largest investment undertaken in United kingdom. The
Cross rail main feature about project is the construction about near railway line which enhance
towards underground. The reason for the same where is several objectives which is needed
accomplished by company regarding their administrative department (Lee and et. al., 2018). For
instance, the firm wishes reduces movement to helping in employees in developing healthy
lifestyle to reduce absteesim staff. For this, a project is required to be headed towards project and
Program office.
Application about Product life Cycle:
A product life cycle is mainly refers towards length where time a product is introduced
about consumer into market where it market which until from shelves. It defines about product
life cycle and tend to offers certain assumption. The project is based on Electric trains, which is
essentials towards that organisation which develops in business case to allows high rate of
benefits. It effectively ensure an appropriate and effective outlay of project. This project is
enhance overall structure, process, growth mapping towards get enhance in effective manner.
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Illustration 1: Product Life Cycle, 2021

Business case:
BASIS DESCRIPTION
Importance
The project Electric trains for establishing organisation where it is
quite essentials as it having objective to reduce fuel consumption,
provide authentic quality of food for workers in company (Levy.,
2018). Furthermore, the aims is to making more electric train to
change the railways transportation in freight.
Target Market
The target market is underground railways and other privatisation
stations to helps people by provide electric trains. This service is all
demographic factors where it requires better health standard and
habitual of presumes out in premises.
Cost Benefit Analysis:
Particulars Situation 1 Situation 2
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Illustrati
on 2: Electric train by Crossrail infrastructure, 2020

Costs 100000 120000
Benefit 0 20000
(Break Even Point)
Costs Benefit
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
Chart Title
Column C Column D
Illustration 3: Cost Benefit Analysis
As in following application of Product Life Cycle where Crossrail company undertakes to
accomplish their project needs:
Project Estimation
The first and foremost stage of Product life cycle in initiation stage, within all steps
objectives are associated with an organisation new change program are required to be identified.
Furthermore, all major opportunities is commence major threats are also identification explains
stages (Micán and et. al., 2019). The overall project is essential for better assessed on the basis
of its feasibility. For attain the similar code of project, Crossrail team need to analyse overall
opportunities along with new program.
Objectives
 The major aim is to hire less manpower and seeking for only
engineers where company is expected 70% at the end of this month
about enhancement of Crossrail company.
 For Crossrail perspective is better planning to reduce the lack of
skilled employees approx 40%-50% in the end of 12 months
duration for project productivity.
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Strategies
To implies strategy which might assort by the firm in order to make
effective and efficient manpower of Crossrail to facilitates training and
development. As the company would helps to provide a range quality
resources and high mechanism featured appropriate in allocate time period.
However, there is one essentials aspects which related within range is getting approval
from the top level management of Crossrail infrastructure company. The tool which assort within
the stage of hire better professional manpowers (Picciotto., 2020). In addition, of Six Sigma to
analyse and develop that assort ensure appropriate initiation about project. To approaching
leadership transformation leadership could be management to ensure for formed better training
and development of employees.
Planning of Project:
To access towards approval, the next stage within better Product life Cycle to having
effective activities planning on carried that out of company for attain new project. By covering
and develop all gaps between project plan and resources would increase the efficiency towards
better project plan in Crossrail company.
Cost
It is inclusive of all cost which would be involves many resources and
other factors like labour, capital, high advanced equipment, raw
materials, planing for funds etc. The estimation of Crossrail company is
allows £2,50,000- £5,50,000.
Communication
The known of communication skills are liner, vertical, external as well
as internal communication would be assort by company. To ensure
exchange about information in systematically manner.
Quality
For better monitoring and controlling which enhance better automation
to used authentic raw material that ensure quality of equipment and
technologies to met their objective successfully.
Scope
A larger scope of this project is ensure that would affect in each and
every place . There is high range opportunity of electric trains that
experts hire within construction, cooking and other managerial
positions.
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In context with methods, the firm would be implementing Lean principles in this stage of
PLC to ensure reduction in waste and quality development of their new offering. Moreover,
Autocratic Leadership could be used by Crossrail company for Electric Trains, that would
ensure effective performance of employees at the planning stage. However, in this stage, there
are two types of tools which could be used by the firm which are described below:
Work Breakdown Structure:
 Gantt Chart:
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Project Execution:
In this sections, a systematic execution of the Electric train project by Crossrail company.
Some of activities which consider by company like finishing infrastructure, cooking, testing of
food items, health inspections etc. For instance, the employees of Crossrail are necessity to need
by given process base training (Sreedharan and Sunder., 2018). The project Electrical trains is
requires for more flexible blueprint that generates to ensure quality work by using optimum
resources in this project. Art last stage, Total Quality Management ensure about implemented
through firm would measure quality work, accessories and project infrastructure in effective
manner.
Project closure:
In this factor, a detailed analysation of overall project that is required well performed.
Through access of performance to offering through technical and human resources. The Crossrail
need to ensure to their staff must having camp and provide some of food quality which ensure
performance modify certain elements elements to access in to needed effective manner.
Some Critique application of Product life cycle
On this project some of crucial step is undertakes where steps to need evaluation for the
stages of product life cycle. In relation of Crossrail Electric Trains there is model name Water
fall structure which is used to ensure effectiveness on product life cycle stages.
 Requirement: This steps that conducts towards initial stage of the product life cycle.
This aspect the firm can utilised Six Sigma is as methodology that ensure about proper
initiation where Crossrail Electrical Trains. Furthermore, the principles of this
methodology are known to be quite rigid, this can be effective for company in upcoming
stages.
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 Design: According to this step that refers to planing at forming Product Life Cycle. It is
required for effective plan that design in appropriate manner, using of lean principles to
firm that helps to allows minimum usage of wastage raw material in effective decision
making. Development: At this concept, this stage is majorly related within better execution steps
in Product Life Cycle. It is associated within firm that ensure about quality of raw
material used (Tonchia and Mahagaonkar 2018). Proper execution of plan can leads
towards development as well as it makes ensure to provide top quality that enhance
saving costs for firm.
 Testing And Maintenance: This stage of the Waterfall Model is related to the closure
stage of PLC, which is associated with the maintenance as well as testing of the whole
project. The firm used strategic leadership in this process which is quite beneficial for
the organisation (Vijayaraghavan., 2018).
CONCLUSION
On the above detailed report, it is concluded that operation and management is explain
about overall procedure through management compliances execute activities can be
accomplishing. Some of facts reviews scrutinize that Project Management is helps to conduct
new vision, mission, concept or product in market. Moreover, the concept if examine through
constant basis of improvement plan and six sigma to enhance plans. It also provides guidance to
managers for bringing up changes in product for making satisfaction fulfilled as per customer
needs and wants. In addition, more explanation about different types of leadership which
discussed on project related situation to effective execute project in effective manner. At last, in
second part Project life cycle is determined to be an effective through successful implementation
which effectively ensured by leader perspective on company. Furthermore, it is also analyse
which is analyse how different methodologies that apply in small and large scale project.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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offices change? A structural analysis approach. International Journal of Project
Management. 36(5). pp.744-761.
Daniel, P.A. and Daniel, C., 2018. Complexity, uncertainty and mental models: From a
paradigm of regulation to a paradigm of emergence in project management. International
journal of project management. 36(1). pp.184-197.
Drobyazko and et. al., 2019. Security of organizational changes via operational integration:
ensuring methodology. Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues.
Du, Y., Fang, J., Ke, Y., Philbin, S.P. and Zhang, J., 2019. Developing a revenue sharing
method for an operational transfer-operate-transfer project. Sustainability. 11(22),.
p.6436.
Heldman, K., 2018. PMP: project management professional exam study guide. John Wiley &
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Kerzner, H., 2018. Project management best practices: Achieving global excellence. John Wiley
& Sons.
Layton, M.C., Ostermiller, S.J. and Kynaston, D.J., 2020. Agile project management for
dummies. John Wiley & Sons.
Lee and et. al., 2018. Critical review of social network analysis applications in complex project
management. Journal of Management in Engineering. 34(2). p.04017061.
Levy, S.M., 2018. Project management in construction. McGraw-Hill Education.
Micán and et. al., 2019. Operational risk categorization in project-based organizations: A
theoretical perspective from a project portfolio risk lens. Procedia Manufacturing. 41.
pp.771-778.
Picciotto, R., 2020. Towards a ‘New Project Management’movement? An international
development perspective. International Journal of Project Management. 38(8). pp.474-
485.
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Sreedharan V, R. and Sunder M, V., 2018. A novel approach to lean six sigma project
management: a conceptual framework and empirical application. Production Planning &
Control. 29(11). pp.895-907.
Tonchia, S., Tonchia and Mahagaonkar, 2018. Industrial project management. Springer.
Vijayaraghavan, V., 2018, October. Operational readiness and operational safety on FPSO
project. In SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition. OnePetro.
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