Understanding & Leading Change in Organisations

This report explores the importance of change in organisations, focusing on the impact of change on firm strategy and operations. It discusses different drivers of change, both internal and external, and how they affect leadership, team, and individual behavior. The report also provides recommendations for planning effectively for change and minimizing negative effects on organizational behavior.

Unit 17 –
Understanding &
Leading Change

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................3
Organisational examples where there has been effect of change on firm strategy and operations
.....................................................................................................................................................4
Different drivers of......................................................................................................................5
Ways in which internal and external drivers of change impact leadership, team and individual
behaviour.....................................................................................................................................5
Conclusion and recommendations with valid justifications for planning effectively for change &
impact analysis............................................................................................................................8
Measures that can be taken to minimise negative effects of impacts of change on organisational
behaviour.....................................................................................................................................9
Barriers to change and analyse how they influence leadership decision making.....................10
Force field analysis in both driving and resisting forces to show how they affect decision making
...................................................................................................................................................11
Valid decision and outcomes based on Force Field analysis in meeting organisational objectives
...................................................................................................................................................12
Leadership methods to dealing with change in range of organisation......................................13
CONCLUSION..................................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES...................................................................................................................................15
Books & Journal:......................................................................................................................15
Online References..............................................................................................................................17
INTRODUCTION
In organisation, change is important for business as without adopting change it is not
possible to achieve goals and objectives (Aitken, 2020).In this contemporary business environment,
proper market analysis is required at all aspects so that reason for change is examined, Main aim of

this report is to understand the importance of change within business. Huawei, a Chinese
multinational technology company headquartered in China. It is located at global scale and has
number of competitors such as Nokia, Ericsson are to be biggest competitor of firm. The have large
number of products like laptops, mobiles, smart devices etc. This report consist of comparison
between organisational examples that impact on change in enterprise strategy, internal and external
drivers of change affecting leadership, behaviour, approaches to reduce negative effect of change,
different barriers to change and several kinds of leadership approaches.
Organisational examples where there has been effect of change on firm strategy and operations
Organisation consists of large number of activities which are required to be executed in
proper manner. It is critically important to focus on effect of change so that it is easy to implement
strategy in effective manner (Aitken, 2020). A change refers to act of moving from the present state
to the new state. In business perspective, change is essential on basis of which goals are
accomplished. Due to this changed and flexibility of market, it is difficult to access advantages in
effective manner and also it leads to impact on strategy as well as operations. So, two examples of
two organisations have been given which are Huawei and Nokia. Strategies as well as operations
both are affected when change occur. So, comparison has been made of two large organisations
which have been affected by change at wider scale.
Types of organisational change
Strategically change- It is defined as change of company movement from present state to
new environment in order to achieve competitive benefits.
Processes change- A process change is defined as change making changes in procedure and
processes within firm. It is initiated by defining beginning & ends, also setting of goals &
objectives.
Emergent change- It refers kind of change in which it focuses on assumption that change is
a continuous process and is needed at all level.
Huawei Nokia
Overview
Huawei is a Chinese telecom
company that deals in providing
service and products to
consumers. It has large number
of competitors and uses
Nokia is a Finnish multinational
telecommunication, information
technology & consumer electronics firm
headquartered in Finland. This firm is
at developing stage and it aims at

marketing strategies to compete
in proper manner.
accessing to benefits in market (Burnes,
2018).
Change
Huawei has been adapting 5g
network for fast growth and
development.
Nokia is changing its leadership style
and priority factors. (Nokia announces
first phase of its new strategy, changes
to operating model and Group
Leadership Team, 2020).
Impact The change impact on enterprise
operations as well as functions.
For example- company adopted a
new way of increasing customer
demand through influencers and
social media.
This change also impact on Nokia as
they increase the demand for funds and
investors.
Marketing strategy Huawei uses the marketing
strategy based on geographic
variables as compared to earlier
as they were using demographic
factor in as a marketing strategy.
Nokia marketing strategies were fixed
for long term but with change period of
time they too change their marketing
strategy and now uses product
development market strategy.
Technology change Technology change also does
occur in Huawei. For example-
earlier 4g network were to be
used and distributed. But at
present state, 5g network has
taken place.
This firm has also changed theior
technology from big mobiles to smart
devices and now are developing their
products accordingly.
So, above discussed matter shows that change impacts on enterprise at wider scale and it is
crucial for them to conduct appropriate market analysis so that correct goals are accomplished and
also it is necessary to access about market and gain information as it helps in achieving of goals
within time period. Furthermore, it is critically crucial to implement proper decision making so that
competitive goals are achieved.

Different drivers of change
Huawei and Nokia have been taken as organisational examples and the drivers of change
which affected them are technology factor, capabilities, and resources. This is too analysed that it is
crucial to have appropriate knowledge about such elements so that decisions are taken effectively.
With proper analysis of drivers of change, it is easy to use the correct form of methods to adapt the
change at all aspects. It is duty of manager to make ensure that appropriate drivers are determined in
proper manner. Furthermore, it is too examined that organisational change can occur at any time
and it is essential to conduct an environmental analysis so that need for change is identified in
correct way (Candace Deans, 2018).
Ways in which internal and external drivers of change impact leadership, team and individual
behaviour
In business and market, changes are bound to occur due to higher flexibility in market. Lit
is duty of manager of Huawei to make assure that external and internal drivers are determined in
proper manner so that strategies are implemented appropriately (Day, 2017). So, in this
contemporary business environment, it is crucial to have knowledge of market so that changes are
appropriately adopted. In context of Huawei, as they are located at global scale there are different
types of factors which affects their level of change and are mentioned below-
External drivers
These are those type of drivers that affects the firm externally and find it difficult to access
benefits or competitive advantages. With these external drivers, it is easy for firm to analyse the
factors that can impact on operations. So, different types of external drivers are given below-
PEST Analysis

Political factor
It is element in which it focuses on factors such as foreign trade policies, labour law etc.
The smartphones of Huawei are being sold worldwide and company is affected by trade politics.
For example- In context of chosen firm, it is unable to enter into U.S market. This impact on firm
operations at larger scale. Political element makes it difficult for entity to execute their business
objectives in proper manner (Deborah, 2018). Impact on team and individual behaviour- This
factor has impact on team and individual behaviour as because it due to instability in market, both
team and individual behaviour is being affected because of presence of politics in market and
business. Impact on leadership, It too affects the leadership because leaders has to make decisions
after properly analysis of politics situations. In relation of selected firm, leaders have to conduct
market analysis to take decisions appropriately (Gardner, 2020).
Economic factor
It is also external factor in which it includes elements like inflation and deflation rate,
taxation policies etc. In relation of Huawei, they are affected by this factor at wider level because
Huawei is selling more of its mobiles in target market. Also, China is being considered as target
market where the sales of company are rising at rapid scale (Hussain, 2018). These elements are
critically to be focused so that appropriate benefits are gained and goals are accomplished without
facing any problem. Impact on team and individual behaviour- It also affects the team &
individual behaviour because when market is segmented geographically, employees have to work

geographically and this has deep impact on behaviour. It is also seen that due to flexibility of
market situation it is not easy to provide stable position to subordinates and proper work guidance
to team. Impact on leadership- It too has impact on leadership because chosen firm leaders have to
access and examine economic factor which is time consuming process.
Social factor
In this, it includes elements such as age, disposable income, behaviour and attitude of
people etc. As Huawei is a premium brand it is essential for them to focus on social factors so that
proper benefits are achieved. For example- Huawei distribute their products on basis of income
based people and geographically (Neill, 2018). The social components have wider impact on
entity's operations and it is necessary for managers to have appropriate knowledge of these elements
so that better resources and strategies are used and implemented in proper manner. Impact on team
and individual behaviour- Social element affects the team and individual behaviour because
products are distributed on basis of income and individual expects better quality from company. In
relation of chosen company, team members have to examine and implement strategy on the basis
of which work load increases and it negatively affects the behaviour. Impact on leadership -Social
factor too affects the leadership because leaders to properly consider which social factor is crucial
on basis of which decision is being undertaken.
Technological factor
In this fast moving world, technology has been playing important role as in development of
business. This factor consists of use of advanced tools and applications, artificial intelligence etc. It
is necessary for every business to execute activities with use of technology. In relation of selected
firm, they deals in technology and has been using new system within their products (Nunez, 2018).
Impact on team and individual behaviour -Technology also too impact on team and individual
because team and individual both require higher skills and knowledge to use technology tools and
applications. Impact on leadership- It also impacts on leadership because leaders have to give
guidance to employees and it has deep effect on behaviour of leaders. The use of technology is not
easy and leaders have to decide for employees whether they are capable for using technology or not.
Internal drivers
These are those types of drivers that affects the change and behaviour internally. In context
of chosen firm, internal drivers affects operations of business at broader range. So, various types of
internal drivers are given as follows-
Work environment

It is internal driver which affects the firm and change internally at larger level. In this, due to
change in climate culture affects strategy and operation when changes occur. In relation of selected
firm, they also have positive as well as negative work environment (Schatteman, 2017). Impact on
team and individual behaviour -Work environment also affects the team and individual behaviour
because due to changing situation of work environment it is not easy to access or implement
strategies in effective manner. The work culture of firm is flexible and error can occur at any time.
Impact on leadership- This too affects the leadership as because leaders have to analyse the work
situations and accordingly style of leadership is used and applied. Capabilities -It is another type of
internal drivers in which individual capability is being analysed and examined. The capability of
every person is different from each other. In relation of Huawei, there are wide ranges of people
who have different capabilities (Scott, 2018). Effect on team & individual behaviour -The effect
of capability also affects the individual & team behaviour because due to different capabilities work
is allotted accordingly. So, both team members of firm and individual has to use their capabilities
differently. Effect on leadership -This too impact on leadership because leaders has to increase the
level of capability and for which effective decision making is needed.
From above explained matter, it is analysed that it is crucial to have appropriate knowledge
of market so that decisions are undertaken in correct way. Moreover, it is too analysed that it is
necessary to examine their impacts on team, individual and leadership. This is too stated that
manager of company need to be make decisions in proper manner.
Conclusion and recommendations with valid justifications for planning effectively for change &
impact analysis
It has been concluded from above analysis that it is important for firm to plan and adapt the
change so that goals are accomplished within time period. Also, better type of planning is needed to
be done so that change is being accessed accordingly. The impact analysis depicts about how firm
has been affected by change which they are adopting within organisation.
Measures that can be taken to minimise negative effects of impacts of change on organisational
behaviour
In organisational behaviour, it is affected by change as because the situation are of various
types and those are being applied at all level. It is essential for HR and leader of Huawei to
minimise the impact of change within organisational behaviour so that better decisions and effective
type of output is achieved (Seidel, 2019). Also, it is stated that it is crucial to be aware of measures

that can be used to reduce the impact of change within management. Manager of selected firm uses
different types of measures to reduce effect of change that are described as follows-
Leadership
It is to be viewed as most effective type of measure which is used by Huawei to minimise
the effect of change in organisational behaviour. This is because when effective leadership is being
applied it is easy for firm to access to better decision making and adopt correct form of strategies.
For example- the chosen firm leaders uses differentiation leadership style. It is important for firm
to have motivated leaders who can deal with different types of situations and produce effective
output. Also, it they understand and convince subordinates for adaption of change which is needed
at higher level.
Advantages
 Main benefit of this method is that with help of leadership it is easy to analyse and
understand the need for change and it also helps in influencing decisions of others. In
relation of Huawei, they have different leaders for their different departments.
Disadvantages
 Limitation of this method is that it cannot be applied to every aspect of change and problems
might occur.
Setting of realistic timelines
This also most used measures which are to be adopted as because it helps in managing
and maintaining of every activity in systematic and timely manner. It is critically crucial to have
appropriate knowledge of projects and situations so that it is easier to set the time line in proper
manner. In relevance of chosen company, before starting of projects such as launching of new
device they first set time duration of every activity so that change is adopted in proper manner. For
example- entity is focusing towards development of 5G network. So, manager of firm has divided
the work and accordingly further processes are being executed. Through setting of realistic
timeliness, it is easy to deal with situations and deliver better output (Sharma, 2018).
Advantages
 Benefit of this approach is that through setting of timelines, it is easy to analyse which task
is at priority level and accordingly changes are adopted. So, Huawei managers and leaders
make assure that timelines are being set appropriately.
Disadvantages
 Drawback of this approach, to set the timeline it is essential to use GANTT Chart, WBS
which is time consuming process.
Apply management theories

This is also another way through which negative effects can be minimised as because it can
leads to implementation of relevant methods and concept which assist in access to positive results.
There are various types of management theories that can be applied such as system theory, scientific
management theory etc. In reference of selected firm, they can too use such theories on the basis of
which it will be easy for them to reduce the negative impact of change on organisational behaviour.
The theories of management are of wide range and also with access to such theories firm is able to
execute every business activity in properly manner. It is too essential to have relevant knowledge of
marketing and management so that better output is achieved (van Wingerden, 2018).
Benefits
 This is another approach in which by applying management theories it is easy to reduce
negative impacts as because theories helps in making relevant decisions whether to adopt
change or not. So, Huawei uses system theory in order to produce changes.
Limitations
 Drawback of this approach is that not every management theory can be applied to change
process.
Systems theory
System theory is to be defined as type of a management theory in which it aims at
developing the team and group behaviour and focus on system as a whole rather than as a seprate
element. In reference of chosen firm, they too apply this theory on basis of which it is easy for them
to develop positive relationships and which also assist in managing and adapting of change easily.
Continuous improvement models
Six sigma- This is type of a continuous improvement models which is used by Huawei as
it is defined as process of minimising faults and errors and defects so that with aim to enhance
overall output. With use of this mode, they are able to fulfil the needs of customers.
KAIZEN- This is another form of model in which it aims at reducing waste in process
and without compromising of quality level. With use of this model, Huawei can easily process the
change and which too assist in accomplishing of goals in better way.
From above discussed matter, it is seen that with consideration of these measures, it is easy
to access target within timely manner. Furthermore, it has been too evaluated that correct type of
decision making is needed to be done as it leads to better results.
Barriers to change and analyse how they influence leadership decision making
In organisation, when change is adopted it is necessary to conduct a proper business
environment so that barriers that can occur within business environment. The market and business
sector is larger and there are many factors that act as a barriers and affects organisation change at

wider level. It is critically necessary for manager of company to be well about the situations so that
effective decisions are undertaken and barriers are resolved. So, Huawei also faces various types of
barriers that are being faced and are mentioned as follows-
Lack of employee involvement- Whenever in business, there is need for change arises
issues are bound to be occur. For example- in relevance of chosen firm they too face barriers such
as lack of employee involvement to move from one place to another for work. This makes it
difficult for firm to execute their business activities in proper manner. Due to this barrier, they are
unable to access other foreign countries in appropriate way that also reduces their profitability scale.
Employees are important part of organisation without which it is not possible to achieve firm goals
or objectives in timely manner (Vasilescu, 2019).
Organisation complexity- This is another barrier which is faced when Huawei accesses to
change. Due to involvement of many people, it is not easy to for selected brand to take decisions in
quick manner. Further, with this complexity it leads to time consuming and use of wide number of
resources. So, this barrier is being faced when new change is introduced. Due to complexity of
firm, it can impact on overall organisational performance at larger scale. The selected firm has wide
number of operations and processes which increases the complexity of enterprise at larger scale.
A bad culture shift planning- In this, it is a barrier in which a sudden shift to planning can
also act as barrier to change. This is because it leads to change in planning, work system and
decision. In relevance of chosen company, at peak period this type of situation arises and which
leads to big problems at workplace.
This has been analysed that it is necessary to be aware about different change in firm so that
it is easy for both leaders and managers to use most relevant methods. It is examined that it is
necessary to have proper market information to overcome barriers which are being faced by
organisation.
Force field analysis in both driving and resisting forces to show how they affect decision making
Force field analysis

According to this model, it states the situations of change which are resist for change and
driving of change. With consideration of this framework, it specifies that it is necessary to access
the situations in well effective manner so that factors are appropriate determined. So, both drivers of
change and resist for change are described below-
Drivers of change
 Human resource- It is driver of change in which human resource are those who analyse the
change and make assure that new policies and ideas are being adopted so that competitive
advantages are being achieved. Also, it is seen that HR of Huawei make assure that proper
and effective changes are adopted. HR of company convince employees to adopt the change.
Human resources of organisation are those who manages and maintains all activities of
employees.
 Technology development- With increase of competition and change time period, it has
become crucial to access the competitive benefits which are done through adopting of
technology and advanced software as well as application. In reference of chosen firm, they
have skilled employees and adopts the advanced technology.
Resist of change
Illustration 1: Force field analysis
Source: FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS,

 Fear of failure- It is factor which resists the change as because when new working system,
theories and models are being adopted people get afraid of adopting change due to fear of
failure. In viewpoint of selected organisation, due to change of market situations, adopting
of new change can leads to many issues and failure which can negatively affects behaviour
of employees.
 Unrealistic timeliness- It is another factor which leads to resist to change and is faced
Huawei as in this the company has non-realistic timeliness which makes it difficult to access
and achieve project time line. This makes it difficult to achieve projects deadline and also
resist the change (Day, 2017).
Influencing leadership decision making
These barriers to change affect the decision making of leadership as well because leaders of
firm have to properly understand situations and moreover they have to access employees behaviour.
So, decision making is affected at larger level. In relevance of chosen company, they have an
appropriate kind of management and leaders are active towards development of change.
Valid decision and outcomes based on Force Field analysis in meeting organisational objectives
From analysis of above force field model, it is stated that it important to have appropriate
knowledge of market so that organisation objective are met. Also, it states that decisions are easily
made when resist and drivers of change are easily examined. Furthermore, it has been too stated that
with consideration of this analysis, it is easy to make effective decisions. Main benefit of this
analysis is that it assists in analysing of factors that helps in change analysis easily. Furthermore, it
is too analysed that through proper market environment analysis, it is easy to access goals and meet
the objectives in proper manner. Furthermore, decision making is to be done so that it is easy for
firm to implement strategies and apply appropriate frameworks (Candace Deans, 2018).
Leadership methods to dealing with change in range of organisation
Leaders are important for organisation and without which it is not possible for company to
access the benefits in easy way. In relation of selected firm, they have leaders who influence the
employees decisions and get the work done. Change is important for growth as well as development
which is needed to be adopted in correct way. Within this change business environment, it has

become crucial to access the changes which are crucial for business growth and development. So,
there are various ways which are used by leaders to deal with change and are discussed as follows-
Transformational leadership- This is to be viewed as most effective form of method in
which leaders of firm focuses on motivating of employees for effective communication and higher
productivity. It is critically crucial to use this method so that better goals are accomplished. In
relation of selected firm, it is examined that it is necessary to have appropriate information about
proper change and situation so that it is easy to achieve competitive benefits.
Flexibility- It is also appropriate form of method which is needed to be used by leader to
deal with change in correct way. With accessing to flexibility, it is easy to understand and adopt the
change in correct way. Furthermore, through flexibility it is easier to access benefits and make
decisions in most efficient way. It is necessary for leaders to be flexible so that it is easy to access
every situation in well organised way (Burnes, 2018).
Supportive and brainstorming- This is another method of leader which is used to deal with
change. In this, main aim is to examine and understand the behaviour of people so that reason for
resist to change is analysed and support is being given to employees. Moreover, brainstorming
session is also an most used approach in order to deal with change as because it gives a new ideas
and which assist in accepting as well as adapting of change in easy way. Both supportive and
brainstorming are necessary to be used so that appropriate benefits are achieved (Aitken, 2020).
Leadership approaches
Achievement oriented- It is a type of style in which leader assigned challenging and
difficult task to team members on the basis of their skills and knowledge. In case of Huawei, leaders
use this style when more sales are needed to be generated.
Directive- This is also type of style in which leaders only directs and guides the members of
team. In this, only formal relationship is being maintained. Leaders of chosen firm do not use this
style.
Situational leadership- It is a style in which it states that there is no specific style and each
and every situation has different way according to which leader uses their approaches. In relation of
selected firm, they uses this situational leadership in order to address the changes are needed.
Supportive- In this, it aims at leaders who provide support to their members at every aspect.
In reference of chosen entity, leaders can use this style with aim of achieving goals.
Participative style- According to this style, it focuses on leadership style in which leaders
are participative and involves every team members into decision making process.

So, from above stated matter it is seen that through adopting of above explained method it is
easy to deal with change and access positive results. It is essential for leaders to be well aware of
these methods so that better decision making is being undertaken.
CONCLUSION
After a brief analysis of above report, it has been concluded that it is crucial to be well
aware of change so that better decision making is being carried out in effective manner. So,
manager need to conduct proper internal as well as external analysis which assist firm in
development of organisational objectives in appropriate manner. Also, discussions have been made
about impact of change, change management model, external and internal drivers. Further, barriers
in regards of change and ways to reduce negative effects are discussed briefly. It is critically
important to access to use appropriate form of methods and techniques so that positive results are
obtained in well organised way.

REFERENCES
Books & Journal:
Aitken, 2020. Leadership behaviours that foster organisational identification during change.
Journal of Organizational Change Management.
Burnes, 2018. Reimagining organisational change leadership. Leadership, 14(2), pp.141-158.
Candace Deans, 2018. The evolution of social media and its impact on organizations and leaders.
Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 28(3), pp.173-192.
Day, 2017. Organisational change and employee burnout: The moderating effects of support and
job control. Safety science, 100, pp.4-12.
Deborah, 2018. Lewin’ s Theory of Change: Applicability of its Principles in a Contemporary
Organization. Journal of Strategic Management, 2(5), pp.1-12.
Gardner, 2020. The leadership trilogy: A review of the third decade of the leadership quarterly. The
Leadership Quarterly, 31(1), p.101379.
Hussain, 2018. Kurt Lewin's change model: A critical review of the role of leadership and employee
involvement in organizational change. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 3(3), pp.123-
127.
Neill, 2018. Change management communication: Barriers, strategies & messaging. Public
Relations Journal, 12(1), pp.1-26.
Nunez, 2018. How Does Organisational Culture Influence the Process of Change Towards PBL?.
Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, 6(2), pp.32-57.
Schatteman, 2017. Government funding of arts organizations: Impact and implications. The Journal
of Arts Management, Law, and Society, 47(1), pp.34-46.
Scott, 2018. The impact of implicit collective leadership theories on the emergence and
effectiveness of leadership networks in teams. Human Resource Management Review,
28(4), pp.464-481.
Seidel, 2019. How can general leadership theories help to expand the knowledge of lean
leadership?. Production Planning & Control, 30(16), pp.1322-1336.
Sharma, 2018. Force field analysis of Indian automotive strategic sourcing risk management
enablers and barriers. Measuring Business Excellence.
van Wingerden, 2018. Bridging the gap to paperless: a resistance force field analysis of paperless
alternatives based on the One IHC configuration for IHC Piping.
Vasilescu, 2019. Leadership styles and theories in an effective management activity. Annals-
Economy Series, 4, pp.47-52.

Online References
FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS, 2018. Available Through <https://venturefounders.com/force-field-
analysis/>
Nokia announces first phase of its new strategy, changes to operating model and Group Leadership
Team, 2020. Available Through <https://www.nokia.com/about-us/news/releases/2020/10/29/nokia-
announces-first-phase-of-its-new-strategy-changes-to-operating-model-and-group-leadership-
team/>

https://www.tinypulse.com/blog/sk-examples-of-companies-that-nailed-
organizational-change