Unit 3 - Human Resource Management

This document discusses the purpose and functions of HRM, strengths and weaknesses of different approaches to recruitment and selection, the benefits of HRM practices for both employees and employers, and the significance of employee relations in influencing HRM decision making. It also evaluates the effectiveness of HRM practices in enhancing organizational profit. The document is based on the case of Sainsbury, a well-known supermarket organization in the UK.

Unit 3 - Human
Resource Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1.......................................................................................................................................................3
P1) Discuss purpose and functions of HRM............................................................................................3
P2) Discuss strengths and weaknesses of different approaches associated with recruitment and selection
.................................................................................................................................................................5
TASK 2.......................................................................................................................................................9
P3) Discuss how HRM practices are beneficial for both employee as well as employer.........................9
P4) Evaluate effectiveness of practices of HRM to enhancing profit of organization............................10
TASK 3.....................................................................................................................................................11
P5) Discuss significance of employee relation in influencing HRM decision making...........................11
P6) Discuss elements of employment legislation along with its impact over decision making..............12
TASK4......................................................................................................................................................13
P7) Apply different practices of HRM in work related context.............................................................13
CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................................16
REFRENCES............................................................................................................................................17

INTRODUCTION
Human resource management is one of the essential business function which is related to
managing overall work force in organization. Under this, approaches are used in terms of
enhancing perfection and productivity of employees so that they stay with company for longer
duration (Adler and Ghadar, 2017). In current report, Sainsbury is chosen as company that is a
well known supermarket organization based on UK. It provides groceries as well as general
items across the globe. Present report is based on different functions and activities of HRM.
Here, purpose and function of HRM are discussed in detail along with their benefit to employee
as well as employer of organization. Further, It also comprises importance of employee
relationships and its influence over decision making. Legislative framework in relation of HRM
has been also discussed in the following report. Lastly, it includes practice of HRM in practical
context.
TASK 1
P1) Discuss purpose and functions of HRM
Human resource management is crucial business function which is concerned with the
management of work force in company for attainment of organizational goals. Here, different
activities are performed by HR managers for this purpose which is discussed as under:
Job analysis designing: This function is concerned with formulation of job description
consisting information in regards of qualification, skills required in candidate. This documents
guides managers of Sainsbury to select an appropriate candidate for company.
Performance management: There are several employees having different potential, skills work
within organization for attainment of common goals. So, it is essential to monitor their
performance on timely basis in order to undertake appropriate corrective actions. It is monitored
that HR manger of Sainsbury measure performance of work force on the basis of predefined
standards (Cole and Kelly, 2016). With this, they are able to make necessary improvements and
provide appropriate incentives to employees accordingly.

Recruitment and Selection: It is stated that recruitment and selection is crucial function
of HR management where competent as well as skilled personnel’s are hired for company. There
are a lot of sources such as internal and external are adopted to meet with requirement of
organization. In addition, managers use proper methods of screening & selection test to select
competent candidates which is vital to perform different organizational functions in an effective
way. In regards of Sainsbury, manager hire qualified staff through different techniques so that
vacant positions can be filled within company.
Training and development: This function is related to enhancement potential,
productivity as well as efficiency of human resources so that different business activities can be
performed effectively. For this, managers arrange on the job as well as off the job training
programs with an aim to get positive outcomes for betterment of organization. In reference of
Sainsbury, it arranges necessary training programs so that employees can upgrade their skills &
knowledge for performing assigned task in better way
Motivation: Now, human resources are considered as one of the significant resources so
it is vital to provide motivation to work force to get work done in desired manner. Motivated
employees tend to work with great will power, enthusiasm that will lead company towards
higher growth & success (Coleman and Danks, 2016). In context of Sainsbury, managers
encourage staff members through providing necessary compensation, rewards, incentives and
more. Thus they are able to make enhancement in overall productivity as well as efficiency of
work force.
With above discussion, it is stated that Human resource management encompasses ample
of functions related to enhancement in improving efficiency and productivity of employees.
Here, these activities are performed in an appropriate way so that work force can significantly
contribute towards organizational betterment.

P2) Discuss strengths and weaknesses of different approaches associated with recruitment and
selection
Recruitment:
It refers to invite applications from potential candidates to fill vacant position in
organization. Main aim of recruitment is to get more and more applications to wider the choice
of selection to hire a suitable candidate. In Different sources of recruitment are given as under:
Internal sources:
In this, managers fill vacant position through available potential within organization. For
this purpose, different sources such as promotion, intradepartmental transfer are used to get an
appropriate candidate (Dubin, 2017).
Advantages:
 Under this, accurate selection is done as higher authorities of company are already well
aware with potential, skills of particular employee. For instance, when company adopts
promotion of an existing employee to a higher position it is consider a great way to use
their potential and skills for betterment of business entity.
 It is considered as suitable method in terms of cost and time saving as managers do not
required to devote significant time in job advertisement and screening. Internal sources of
recruitment such as transfer, promotion and more are helpful in reducing training
expenses as employees are already well aware with the working practices of company.
Disadvantages:
 Sometimes, it becomes a reason of internal conflicts when employees have feeling of bias
behavior, favoritism in terms of promotion. It may create higher ambiguity and anxious
environment at work place. At the time of promotion, all the employees seek to get
promoted at higher level so selecting a one particular employee for promotion might
create ambiguity among other individuals.

 In this, managers have to select potential person from limited individuals present within
company. It also restricts entrance of new, fresh thoughts as old employees run
organization with their predefined approach.
External sources:
Under this, managers of Sainsbury recruit candidates from external environment. It is a
great way to bring innovative as well as creative approaches at work place. There are different
source such as campus placement, walk in interview, employment agencies fill vacant position
thorough external mediums (Good, 2017).
Advantages
 It helps to get enthusiastic, potential candidates onboard for betterment of organization.
For instance, with the help of campus recruitment, organization can easily select highly
enthusiastic candidates for future growth of business.
 This source wider the criteria of selection so that managers can select highly skilled,
competent personnel to meet with current job requirements. In external source, company
can arrange walk in interviews which enlarge their selection criteria in significant
manner.
Disadvantages:
 External source of recruitment incurs higher cost as manager needs to require to provide
training and orientation to new employees so that they get familiar with organizational
norms & policies. For instance, candidates who are appointed through campus
recruitment are fresher’s and need extensive training so company need to invest
significant amount in their training and development.
 It is stated that new employees sometimes face adaptability issues and find themselves
unable to adjust in new environment.

Selection
It is regarded as a process to select best suitable candidate after multiple rounds of
interview and screening. Interview process is conducted in order to know the presence of
required skills and potential to meet with current job requirements. In context of Sainsbury,
managers select most suitable candidate for betterment of company.
Advantages:
 It helps to hire competent, skillful individual so that assigned task can be performed in an
effective manner.
 During selection process, managers get to know detailed information regarding applicant
that assist in future decision making (Hasibuan and Syahrial, 2019).
 In selection, organization goes through with proper screening and carries out rigorous
interview process which helps to select a potential candidate for future enhancement.
Disadvantages:
 It is a negative process where some candidates who posses necessary skills, knowledge,
expertise as per requirement of vacant position.
 Due to ample of interview rounds and screening sometimes potential candidate get
eliminated at early stage.
 For instance, due to any technical issues in HR softwars appropriate resumes might be
neglected which will put adverse impact over company.
TASK 2
P3) Discuss how HRM practices are beneficial for both employee as well as employer
Basis Benefits of HRM practices
for Simon Roberts
Benefits of HRM practices
for employees
Culture of organization It is stated that organization
culture is combination of rules
& procedures that helps
Culture of organization plays a
crucial role in motivating
employees so that they can

employer of Sainsbury to
undertake different business
functions in an efficient
manner and maintain positive
environment t work place
(Kim and Hyun, 2017).
perform job roles and
responsibilities by having
strong coordination with peers
and colleagues.
Training and development Managers of Sainsbury
arrange necessary training and
development program to get
positive outcomes for
betterment of organization and
to make strong position in
competitive market place.
By getting necessary training
employees are able to perform
assigned task effectively by
making appropriate use of
available resources.
Recruitment This function helps HR
managers of Sainsbury to
place right candidate at right
place to get work done in
proper manner. It is crucial to
fill vacant position with
appropriate candidate for
growth of company
Here, recruitment process of
company provides opportunity
to individuals to become a part
of a well known brand that
will benefitted them in future
in terms of getting better
career opportunities.
Conflicts Resolution It is monitored that HRM
practices are really helpful for
Sainsbury to resolve conflicts
and ambiguity at work place.
Here, predefined procedures
and guidelines are set under
HRM practices which are
helpful to deal with conflicts
in an appropriate way (Renz,
2016).
There are employees from
different culture, background
work together in Sainsbury
that sometimes become a
reason of conflicts. So,
managers of organization
prepare necessary strategies,
guidelines, policies to deal
with internal conflicts
effectively.

Therefore, HRM practices are vital and help both superiors as well as subordinates to
meet with their roles & responsibilities in an effective manner. With these practices, they are
able to maintain proper coordination & collaboration at work place.
P4) Evaluate effectiveness of practices of HRM to enhancing profit of organization
It is analyzed that there are several practices used by managers in terms of managing
human resources within organization in an effective manner. These practices are helpful to keep
higher morale of employees so that they perform assigned task effectively that is vital to gaining
competitive advantage at market place. Different practices of HRM, which are effective and
helpful in terms of enhancing overall profitability are mentioned as under:
Motivation: It enhances morale of work force so that they work with higher efficiency
for growth of organization. It helps entity to earn higher profit margin (Schaufeli, Maslach and
Marek, 2017). In context of Sainsbury, managers adopt 360 degree feedback approach to analyze
a candidate on wide prospective. Here, feedbacks are received from different parties who
associated with candidate in certain manner. These individuals are customers, managers, peers,
colleagues, subordinates and more. So, this approach provided detailed view regarding candidate
that is crucial to understand their overall personality traits. Motivated employees tend to put their
whole efforts for success and growth of company which will inflate it current level of sales and
profit margin.
Recruiting: It refers to an approach by which company brings operational efficiency at
work place. It helps to place right applicant at right place so that they can perform assigned job
roles & responsibilities in an effective way. In addition, training helps to bring higher efficiency
and productivity among work force. With this, they are able to undertake different roles
effectively that is imperative in terms of maximizing level of re revenue and profitability of
organization. Efficient employees bring productivity in organization which leads it towards
higher profitability.
Training and development: It is stated that training leads in enhancement in overall
potential of employees so that they can perform assigned task in an efficient manner. Trained

work force is an assets of company and perform assigned task in such a manner which lead
business entity towards profitability.
Therefore, HRM practices adopted by managers of Sainsbury are crucial to maintain
positive environment at work place that will lead company towards higher growth and success.
TASK 3
P5) Discuss significance of employee relation in influencing HRM decision making
In current scenario, employees are considered as one of the imperative stakeholder of
organization who undertakes different roles and responsibilities to ensure enlargement of
business. So, it is essential to maintain better relationships with work force in order to retain
them for longer duration. Therefore, managers need to consider maximum benefit of employees
while taking business decisions. In context of Sainsbury, significance of employee relations are
discussed as under:
Employee engagement: It is monitored that employee need to be engage in each and
every activity of business so that predefined objectives can be achieved. It is also crucial to
utilize their full efficiency for betterment of company. If, managers maintain better relationship
with work force then it is easy to engage them in organizational functions. In reference of
Sainsbury, manages focus to maintain better relationship with staff members by providing them
necessary benefits on timely basis.
Reduce conflicts: Another benefit of maintain healthy relationship between employees
and employer is to reduction of conflicts and ambiguity within entity. It is monitored that there
are ample of employees having different thoughts, opinions work together in Sainsbury so it may
possible to have conflicts (Schermerhorn and Bachrach, 2020). By having better relationships
superiors and subordinates can communicate with each other in an effective manner that will
reduce conflicts and strengthen the relationship between both the parties.
Enhance motivation: Motivation is essential to complete a work in desired manner. In
organization, employees need to keep motivated so that they can perform well for attainment of
organizational goals and objectives. In reference of Sainsbury, HR managers are able to maintain
positive relations with work force that is vital to enhance their level of motivation.

Therefore, it is imperative to ensure better relationships between superiors and subordinates in
terms of enhancing employee engagement, motivation within organization. In addition, managers
also required to consider about maximizing employee benefits and relationships at work place
while involve in decision making process.
P6) Discuss elements of employment legislation along with its impact over decision making
Data protection Act, 2018 : This act has been passed by UK government with an aim to
protect personal credentials of employees. As per this act, it is the responsibility of HR manager
of Sainsbury to protect data and information of work force in order to maintain confidentiality
within company.
Anti discrimination law, 2010: This law is related to bring equality at work place in
order to maintain coordination among work force. As per this, equal opportunities need to be
provided to all employees so that they can grow and enrich in professional career (Sharma,
Sharma and Agarwal, 2016). This act facilitates no discrimination among people in terms of
color, nationality, race and more. In Sainsbury, manages make sure to bring equality and
diversity at work place by providing equal opportunities to all the members regardless their
caste, race, status and other relevant factors.
Employment right act, 1996:
As per this act, there are some rights have been provided by government to employees
which need to abide by organizations in order to ensure smooth & efficient functioning of
business. These compliances are related to safety and security of employees at work place and
considered as fundamental part of business. It is concern with all the rights posses by employee
along with the contract between employee and employer. Here, managers of Sainsbury formulate
contract under which working conditions, relationships, rights of employees are mentioned. In
this regard, they follow ensure to provide all the necessary rights to individuals in organization to
address their concern related to safety and security.
Therefore, there are different legislations are followed by managers of organization in
order to run business smoothly. These factors also affect decision making process of managers as
they are required to concern legislative framework while decision making for growth of entity.

TASK4
P7) Apply different practices of HRM in work related context
In human resource practices there are some approaches are used to get right candidate
onboard within company. For this purpose different practices are discussed as under:
Job Advertisement:
It is used to informing candidates regarding different requirements of vacant job position
within company (Williams and Hunn, 2019). In context of Sainsbury, job advertisement for the
post of senior marketing manager is given as under:
Job Advertisement
Sainsbury is a renowned retail organization which deals in groceries and general items. There is
a vacant position in company for senior marketing manager in marketing department.
Job roles for post of manager in marketing are discussed as under:
 Design effective marketing campaign
 Managing as well as leading marketing team
 Undertaking detailed market research
Skills required
 Communication skills
 Interpersonal skills
 Time management
 Research skills
Salary will be negotiable and depend on the competency of candidate
Kindly send your applications
[e-mail]
Application deadline: 20 March, 2021
Date of job commencement: Immediate joining after selection
Job description
It is a significant part of HRM practice under which a document is prepared containing
information regarding job roles & responsibilities of vacant position within company. It provides

basic information to individuals regarding general requirement of vacant job position in entity.
with this document a candidate can also evaluate whether apply for vacant position or not. Here,
job description for the post of marketing managers in Sainsbury is given as under:
Job Description
Company name Sainsbury
Job title Marketing Manager
Location London
Reporting person Head of marketing department
Roles and responsibilities Undertake detailed market research in order to
get necessary information regarding needs,
requirements, and preferences of customers
and prepare strategies accordingly.
Prepare effective marketing campaign after
detail analysis of market and customer’s
perspective.
Timing 10 a.m.to 6 p.m.
Salary 8000 pounds
Facilities for employees Safe and secure environment for work force
and incentives are also provided to employees
according to their performance within
company.
Offer letter:
It is a formal letter which is provided after selection of candidate. It is the final formality
related to recruitment of suitable individual. With this, applicant are informed that they have
been selected for a particular position. It comprised date of joining, roles and responsibilities
associated with profile. It can also include norms & policies of company so that employees get to
know detailed information regarding internal environment of entity. After accepting offer letter,

an applicant become confirm employee of company. Offer letter that has been prepared by HR
manager of Sainsbury for marketing manager post is given as under:
Sainsbury UK
April 10, 2021
Mr. John
We are delighted to inform you that due to your exponential performance during interview you
have been hired for the post of marketing manager in Sainsbury. Details regarding employment
have been attached in annexure of mail. We are looking forward for your reply as soon as
possible.
We are looking forwards to see you onboard soon.
HR Manager
Sainsbury

CONCLUSION
Out of above discussion, it is conclude that human resource management is an imperative
business function which is concerned with recruitment, selection, motivation and more. There
are ample of roles and responsibilities associated with HRM that need to fulfill in an effective
manner for attainment of predefine goals. It is summarized that there are a lot of sources of
recruitment and selection and each source has its own benefit as well as drawback. Discussion
has been carried out regarding importance of employee relation that influence overall decision
making process. Further, another HRM practiced such as job advertisement, offer letter and more
are concern with hiring of competent candidate

REFRENCES
Books and Journals
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Schaufeli, W.B., Maslach, C. and Marek, T. eds., 2017. Professional burnout: Recent
developments in theory and research.
Schermerhorn Jr, J.R. and Bachrach, D.G., 2020. Exploring management. John Wiley & Sons.
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