Management and Operations: Roles, Functions, and Theories

Management and
Operations
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Contents
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1.......................................................................................................................................................3
P1............................................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2.......................................................................................................................................................7
P2............................................................................................................................................................7
P3............................................................................................................................................................9
TASK 3.....................................................................................................................................................11
P4..........................................................................................................................................................11
P5..........................................................................................................................................................14
TASK 4.....................................................................................................................................................17
P6..........................................................................................................................................................17
CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................................19
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INTRODUCTION
At all company this is important to conduct proper management as well as operations
because through that they can attain their predetermined goal in proper manner. Management is
determined as the technique which is implemented by an organization director and leader in
order to conduct each as well as every operation in properly and in allotted time (Benjaafar and
Hu, 2020). In addition to this, operations refer to the tasks which are conducted by a company for
attaining their predetermined objective. It is responsibilities of company manager as well as
leader to conduct effective operations as well as management as this will help employees in
performing their duties properly which lead to achievement of desire goal.
Association chose for separate report that is Marks and Spencer which is notable British
worldwide retail organization established by Michael Marks and Thomas Spencer in 1884. Its
administrative center is situated at London, United Kingdom and they are settled its business at
the overall areas. The principle point of leading this report is to comprehend about the viability
of the board and tasks of Marks and Spencer and for that few themes are thought of. That will
include difference between role of leader and function of manager, it will also define role of
leader and function of manager in different situation as well as it will also include different
leadership theories. Moreover report will also include appreciation of role leader and manager
plays at the different operations as well as it will also demonstrate about relationship among the
leadership and management in respect of contemporary business environment.
TASK 1
P1
Definition of leader
Leader is considered as an individual who mainly hold a superior position at the company
and they are able to exercise strong stage of controlling on other staffs as well as these people
has strong influencing power (Bogaert and et. al., 2020). Through the influence of these people
other get ready to conduct their work in effective manner so that their company can attain their
targeted goal successfully.
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Role of leader
 The job of supervisor is to create positive and compelling condition at the work
environment on the grounds that through it representatives feel inspired and perform best
for accomplishing want objective just as targets.
 At an organization leader also design as well as develop creative, innovative and effective
strategies which help them in encouraging employees for achieving desire goal
successfully.
Characteristics of leader
 Main characteristics of leader are that they are honest, self confident, self motivated and
so on which encourage and attract employees (Cachon, Girotra and Netessine, 2020).
 Leader is profoundly self roused which move other to perform adequately at the working
environment with the goal that they can achieve their longing objective just as target
effectively.
Definition of manager
Manager of a company is determined as a person who is mainly responsible for several
activities or task that are conducted in an organization. There are several subordinate or
employees who report to the manager at workplace. Manger of a company conduct numbers of
activities such as motivates staffs, conduct planning, train new jonnies and many more.
Role of manager
 The main role of manager of a company is to motivate employees so that they conduct
their work properly with full dedication because that will lead to attainment of
predetermined goal as well as target successfully (Choi, Guo and Luo, 2020).
 Another major role of manager is to conduct planning and develop strategies, rules and
regulation as well as it is also their role to ensure that all employees fill follow it
effectively.
Characteristics of manager
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 The main character of manager is that they have strong communication skills which help
them in communicating with other employees and convincing them to perform work
properly for attaining goal.
 Manager also motivate employee by appraising them through monetary or non-monetary
rewards.
Difference between manager and leader
Basis Manager Leader
Working style It is characteristic of manager
that they are more concern
with the conducting activities
in the right manner instead of
doing right things (Erjavec
and Trkman, 2020).
On the other hand leader
character is that they concern
with conducting right thing
instead of doing it in right
manner.
Approach This is role of manager that
they do planning of all details
activities which are going to
perform at the workplace.
Leader role is to guide their
team members so that they
perform their activities
properly for the attainment of
goal.
Application of theories with example of Marks and Spencer
Leadership theories
There are several leadership theories which an organization can receive so as to direct
their work in compelling and fitting way. Some of them are clarified underneath in regard of
Marks and Spencer:-
Trait theory: According to this leadership theory leader of Marks and Spencer must develop
strategies according to their personality threats because that will help them in conducting work
effectively (Hwang, Tak and Vukovic, 2020). For example- they must have treats like social,
personality, physical and many more.
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 Contingency theory: According to this leadership theory leader of respective company
must need to consider several situational factors which impact on their strategies and
planning. For example their leader may adopt different contingency theories such as path
goal and many more.
Management theory
Management theory provides proper guideline the manager of a company so that they can
develop effective strategies and planning which leads to accomplishment of work properly which
lead to attainment of desire company goal in successful manner (Kaleida and et. al., 2020). For
example manager of Marks and Spencer must adopt different management theory such as
management by objective according to which they must develop certain goal before taking any
decision because it help in conducting work properly.
Management functions by Henri Fayol
 Planning – According to Henri Fayol planning is determining as drawing a good plan of
action with the active participation of entire organization. For example at this stage
manager of Marks and Spencer will conduct planning for improvement at the workplace.
 Organizing – According to this it is essential for manager to organize each and every
work in effective manner so that they attain their desire goal. For example in respect of
respective company their manager will train and recruit right individual for the job.
 Leading – In respect of this function manager of a company will command their staffs so
that they accomplish their task properly on time. For example in respect of Marks and
Spencer their leader and manager lead the employees so that they accomplish allotted
task properly.
 Controlling – In respect of this manager must control the company activities so that their
will less wastage and attainment of objective successfully. For example Manager of
Marks and Spencer will conduct controlling of activities so that they maintain positive
working environment.
Different leadership roles by Mintzberg
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