Role and Responsibility of a Leader and Manager in Management and Operation

This report explores the different roles and responsibilities of a leader and manager in management and operation. It discusses various theories and models of leadership and operational management, including situational, contingency, and system leadership. The report also highlights the significance of operation management in attaining business objectives. The case study focuses on Sainsbury, the second largest supermarket chain, and its approach to management and operation.

Unit 4-Management and
operation

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN NODY..................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1. Define & compare different role and responsibility of a leader and manger...................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
P2 Assess example of leader’s role and manger’s function apply in different contextual
approach.................................................................................................................................5
P3 Use different theories and models of approaches, including situational, contingency and
leadership................................................................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P4 Key approaches to operational management and role that leaders & manger plays.........7
P5 Demonstrate the significance and value of operation management in attaining business
objective.................................................................................................................................9
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
P6 Examine the factors within business environment that affects operational management and
decision making by leaders and manger...............................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Management is an essential activity to full fill the organisational goal in effective manner. It is a
wide concept and includes several activities ranging from planning to control that ensures future
growth of an organisation. It is a crucial function that is opt with the aim of optimum utilization
of resources (Burns, 2018). The following report is based on Sainsbury organisation to explore
all the terms that are related with the management and operation. This company has second
largest chain of supermarket, founded in 1869 by John James. It provides ranges of grocery and
general items to consumers across worldwide. Further, it cover discussion about Different role
and responsibilities of manger and leaders within company. Also Different theories and
approaches of leadership with key approaches of operational management. Additionally,
importance of operation management for achieving business objective. Lastly assessment of
business environmental factors that affect operational administration & decision making of
leaders and mangers.
MAIN NODY
TASK 1
P1. Demonstrate & relate different role and responsibility of a leader and manger.
Within a company like Sainsbury, manger and leaders plays essential and different role as
they perform number of different activities for the successful execution of strategies. These
activities assist them to grow and make consumers along with employees happy & satisfied. In
context of respective company, some of role and responsibilities are being mentioned below:
Basis Leaders Manager
Meaning A leader is a person who
encourage and motivate the
staff of company to follow
right direction. This is carried
out with the aim of
enhancement of performance
and productivity. In relevance
to this leadership is that
Manager reflect to that
personality within company
who work under every
situation and shown right
direction to follow that and
assist them with the aim of
enhancing objective and
gaining growth.

quality that leads company to
full fill their goal along with
employee (Helmold, 2020).
Role Role of leader is to take all
team together in order achieve
objective and bring success.
For tis they effectively guide
their team member and show
them right direction for
neglecting all risk and
uncertainties.
Mangers of company have to
manage all activities and
function that are conducted in
company, they coordinated
with all people and take care
of their work assigned to
workforce. Also they take care
about all regular activities
with resources. Manager carry
out all activities in effective
manner and make that finish
on time.
Characteristics There are so many
characteristics that is pose by
leader and that are,
trustworthiness, assured,
inspired, delegation of
authority, communication,
motivator, considerate, good
decision maker.
Whereas manger also have
some characteristics such as
positive attitude, sympathy,
answerable, accountable,
patient, lithe reliable and
specific.
Different roles and function of manger & leaders
Manager: Initial role that is performed by manger of an organisation is to mage all
workforce and to use all resources effectively. Manger performed all activities as per the concept
of human relation. Relation of human is used by manager for understanding the connection with
employees by assessing the needs and requirements. In relevance to this, there are number of

theories that assist manger to perform this role effectively and i.e. scientific theory,
administration theory, system theory, X & Y etc.
Leaders within company leads their team members and take care about their performance as
well as to motivate them for the improvement of profitability and productivity. In context of this
leaders use so many theories such as contingency, situational, trait, transformational and
behavioural. In an organisation, Sainsbury leaders opt behavioural theory in order to analyse the
behaviour of employee as well as to motivate them (Barnes, 2018). Leaders guide right path to
employee so that they can follow as per activity that are accomplished by workers. Different
forms of leadership style are carried out by management team in company to accomplish all role.
TASK 2
P2 Assess example of leader’s role and manger’s function apply in different contextual approach.
The role that is performed by the manger is different from the role performed by leaders.
Leaders motive employees and take effective decision and that are adhere after examining the
whole market trends and (Abideen, Mohamad and Fernando, 2020). In context of this company
can gr by number of modes such as slow, stable and fast and along with this, several other
leadership is also there that are opt by company Sainsbury with the same aim. Role and function
of manger and leaders are functional differently in company and are as follow:
Slow: It has been found that the development of respective company is slow and that
affects the attainment time of objective as sloe changes in results delay the project and reduces
the amount of profit. Changes are made internally and the outcomes of modification are prepared
in exterior changes. For instance slow profit are gain by selected company and that implies to
slow market growth.
Stable: At this point the expansion of Chose Company is modest or stable. And that
stable market will not able to makes any chances. Therefore the changes in market does not
affect company Sainsbury as no great changes need to make and quick decision can be taken.
Such assist to analyse the market in exact manner as no deviations occur in business
environment.
Fast: Fast and upward market affects the operation company. Fast growing changes in
market affects all strategies/ policies of company as well as company need to bring new trends
and innovation.

These all are the changes that are occur in outside and inside the business environment.
Interior changes can be made in machinery, process, rules, policies, employees, etc. and that are
changes as per external changes. Controlling these help in improvement of sales and profit as
well as assist in diversification and expansion condition (Lamba and Singh, 2017).
There are number of factors that cannot be control by company and these are external such
as political, legal, socio-culture, economic, techno local and environmental. All these bring new
opportunity for company to gain growth and development by avoiding all risk. All changes are
examined and decision are devised by the leaders.
To work efficiently, Sainsbury Company used supportive leadership style. In this
workforce are being supported by leaders for performing well and decision is also made as per
needs and perception of workforce for reaching objective. Task and projects are allotted as per
skills and experience.
P3 Use various theories & models of approaches, comprising situational, contingency and
leadership.
Leaders within company, help employee in motivating them as per their requirements and
demands. Apart from this they also analyse the changes that occur in external environment and
make all decision according to the changes so as to make Sainsbury benefited from these
changes. There are so many leadership style that assist leaders to act on situation accordingly.
Some of the theories and style are opted by significant company so that leadership can be
sustained successfully at workplace (Lubbe and Potgieter, 2018). These are as follow:
Situational leadership style: As per this style all roles and responsibility that are assigned to
employee will be based on their skills and talent. This make them to use their efficiency in
proper manner and to attain goal effectively. Leaders analyse all market trends and condition in
order to devise decision/ strategies for the betterment of company. In context of this, there are so
many factors present in market and have influencing power on decision and plays negative
results. For instance, role and responsibility of all team member changes according to the
changes in team, increment in conflicts of team. Such type of decision help to avoid conflicts &
complete all task on time. Apart from this there are number of strength of this theories such as
creative approach, analyse situation effectively, allocate resources properly, trained employee,
carry out effective communication, analyse skills and talents of employee. Along with these

strength, weakness are also there, i.e. lack of funds, wrong interpretation of resources, &
unqualified staff members.
System leadership style: Such type of leadership style mainly focus on result instead of
process or step. This concentrate to gain effective result with the help of various activities. All
these actions are planned previous and the outcome are being coordinated with the anticipated
outcomes. In context of chosen company Sainsbury, this is a largest organisation and have
complex organisational structure with so many number of employees and department (Torlak,
Demir and Budur, 2019). Therefor all leders have to focus on each department as they have their
own goals and objective.
Contingency leadership style: This style concentrate on deferent situation that occur within
company Sainsbury. Any random case or issues are being picked up by management tem and
then solution are found be team members of company. Such type of strategies are used with the
aim of determination of number of alternative option/ path for the accomplishment of
organisational objective before time. In relevance to this, it holds number of strength such as
Radon issues, innovative approaches, diversity of solution, open mind activity etc. with all these
it consist weakness and i.e. high charge related to research, low trained employee, delay in
getting result, & slow growth of changes.
TASK 3
P4 Main methods to operational management & role that plays by manger and leader.
In an organisation number of methods are utilized to analyse and recognise the operation
management in effective way so that the goal will be attain easily and effectively. These
approaches help management to understand the situation in right manner and take action
accordingly. In relevance to this, some of the approaches are as follow with respect to Sainsbury
organisation:
Just In Time: This approaches assist management to concentrate on production process as
the manufacturing process need to be finished timely as per the set target. This process support to
gain all outcome of product as per the earlier set (Anand and Gray, 2017). Therefore the
reduction of wastage of resources with the help of such process can be minimized. Also the
procedure of manufacturing and tool that are being used in product need to be take care for
desired outcome and with the help of this approach it can be accomplished.

Total Quality Management (TQM): TQM is the process that help management to make
effective planning for the successful execution of all strategies and to get success for long period.
Such success help to gain high earning and generate more revenue. Additionally, this also help in
maintaining the quality of product as well as to produced cost effective product that cab be afford
by any type of consumers either low or higher level. All these services are offered by respective
organisation as they opt this approach with the same aim.
Lean production: In order to get best output, this is the process that hep entities to use best
process of manufacturing. In relevance to this there are number of factor that affects the output.
One of the most significant factors is wastage of resources, and to get desired output, it need to
be reduces as per potential and capacity. This is the process that help company to enhance
productivity and performance of employee as well as develop their skill for opting new
technologies.
Underneath are some role of mangers and leaders:
Role of leaders:
 The primary role of leaders within company is to assess the requirements and needs of all
teammates in order to motivate the accordingly as well as to improve their working
efficiency planning (Lohmer and Lasch, 2020).
 Leaders have to work for the enhancement of working potential and productivity of all
team members.
 Leaders needs to take care of right direction to show that to employee so that they can
follow that and attain the desired goal.
Role of manger:
 Essential role that is performed by the manger is to hire skilled and talent candidates for
filling the vacant position and helping company to meet their desired objective. Manger
have to place right candidates at right position.
 Another significant role performed by manger is to manage all resources of company in
optimised manner.
 To look all the function and activities that are conducted in company will complete on
time or not for attaining desired goal.

P5 Demonstrate the significance and value of operation management in attaining business
objective.
In an organisation it is important to understand the values and significance of operation
management so that goal will be achieved effectively and timely. Respective organisation,
Sainsbury realise and examine the important of operation manger in order to attain the corporate
objective within stipulated time frame. Some are as follow:
Increasing revenue: Operation management within company help to enhance the profit
margin and to calculate it. Increment in profit support management to invest at more areas and
improves their market shares by generating more revenue as well as to capture more other
segment that give the growth and (Magon, Thomé and Scavarda, 2018). Additionally,
enhancement in profit also result in making new more consumer and target them for attaining
business objective.
Trends in the market: Every day new and some other trend occur in the market and that
influence the buying behaviour of consumers as they like to purchase as per the new and current
trend. For this, company have to opt all these trends and work upon that for attaining all long
term objective. Sainsbury organisation have to focus on that and need to take necessary step in
order to manufacture the product/ services as per consumers requirements then only customer
will able to get full satisfaction and company will able to enhance its base of consumer. Further it
also help in reducing the turnover ratio of employee for long period of time.
Increasing sales: Operating management assist organisation in enhancement of sales by
launching innovative and creative product to consumers as per their requirements so that they
will able to gain full satisfaction and help company to accomplish their objective. For all these
entities carry out effective market analysis about new techniques, requirements of users and for
determining the competitive advantage.
From above discussed points it has been analysed that manger and leaders within Sainsbury
organisation plays essential role and the relationship among them help company to meet the
anticipated goal and for using all resources in optimized manner. Decision making process assist
to evaluate all situation and examine resources accordingly. Requirements and the demands of
consumer need to be full filled by the company as per the market situation development (Choi,
Wallace and Wang, 2018). For effective and successful implementation of strategies proper

planning need to be devised so that accurate result can be gain. Planning for cost and funds is
being evaluated appropriately in Sainsbury.
TASK 4
P6 Inspect components within business environment that influence the operational management
and decision making by leaders and manger.
Internal and external factor both are the part of business environment & both can influencing the
function and activities of an organisation. In relevance to this, manger and leaders of respective
organisation need to formulate and align their strategies by considering all these factors so that
they can sustain that and maintain their position at marketplace. Some of external and internal
forces are as follow with respect to chosen firm:
Stakeholders: These are those individual who have interest, claim or sake within
company. Therefore they mainly focus on performance of organisation and ensure that it remain
acceptable, they do not have any role in management of company instead they do influence on
organisational management production (Schnepp, Vidal and Hawley, 2017). Stakeholder affects
the decision making process, as they make sure that company works under dynamic, stimulating
and rewarding nature with good working environment available in company to perform well.
They have their own interest and that need to be understand by company as their interest can be
related with productivity, technology, quality, welfare and financial issues etc.
Sustainability: This has been found that it is also another influencing factor that affects the
operation management and decision making as new trends and advancement in technologies
influence more consumer to sustain at market for longer period. Also, respective company need
to follow some approaches that are beneficial for manger and leaders in term of cost saving and
for decreasing the respective techniques such as JIT, TQM and lean (Zielke and Mash, 2018).
Culture & values: This refers to beliefs, attitude, behaviour, social and culture of people
along with subordinates of company who are working under an organisation for attaining
business objective. Therefore it is the responsibility of leaders and manger to identify their needs
and requirements and consider their view points for devising any strategies/ policies for effective
working environment. Also, it is vital to full fill the requirements of consumers for improving
productivity and profitability.

Therefore, from above mentioned points it has been found that all points re important and for
that company need to carry out effective market analysis for the smooth running of business
operation. Also with the help of various approaches such as CSR, environment protection,
consumer satisfaction, organisation can overcome the influence.
CONCLUSION
From above discussed report it has been analysed that mangers and leaders plays essential
role within company as they are the roots and pillar of an organisation for motivating,
encouraging and showing the right direction to subordinates for the accomplishment of
organisational goal. In context of this, there are various approaches and models that assist them
to effectively carried out all business operation such as situational, contingency and many more.
All are applicable according to the situation and condition. Also, there are number of forces
related with business environment has impose adverse effects on operational management such
as Stakeholders, culture & values, Sustainability etc. Apart from this number of key approaches
are also available for anger and leaders of operation management like Just in time, Kaizen, TQM.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Abideen, A.Z., Mohamad, F.B. and Fernando, Y., 2020. Lean simulations in production and
operations management–a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis. Journal
of Modelling in Management.
Anand, G. and Gray, J.V., 2017. Strategy and organization research in operations
management. Journal of Operations Management, 53, pp.1-8.
Barnes, D., 2018. Operations Management. Macmillan International Higher Education.
Burns, M.G., 2018. Port management and operations. CRC press.
Choi, T.M., Wallace, S.W. and Wang, Y., 2018. Big data analytics in operations
management. Production and Operations Management, 27(10), pp.1868-1883.
Helmold, M., 2020. Lean Management in Operations. In Lean Management and Kaizen (pp. 65-
72). Springer, Cham.
Lamba, K. and Singh, S.P., 2017. Big data in operations and supply chain management: current
trends and future perspectives. Production Planning & Control, 28(11-12), pp.877-890.
Lohmer, J. and Lasch, R., 2020. Blockchain in operations management and manufacturing:
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Lubbe, B. and Potgieter, T., 2018. The role of technology in airline management and
operations. The Routledge Companion to Air Transport Management, p.331.
Magon, R.B., Thomé, A.M.T., Ferrer, A.L.C. and Scavarda, L.F., 2018. Sustainability and
performance in operations management research. Journal of cleaner production, 190,
pp.104-117.
Schnepp, R., Vidal, R. and Hawley, C., 2017. Incident management for operations. " O'Reilly
Media, Inc.".
Torlak, N.G., Demir, A. and Budur, T., 2019. Impact of operations management strategies on
customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions at café-restaurants. International Journal
of Productivity and Performance Management.
Zielke, H.R. and Mash, D.C., 2018. A review of brain biorepository management and
operations. Handbook of clinical neurology, 150, pp.83-92.