Western Influence And Cultural Identity

Essay Title: MAIN CHALLENGES OF GLOBALIZATION IN THE CURRENT
INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM
Name:
Date:

Statement of compliance with academic ethics and the avoidance of plagiarism
.......................................................................................................................................
Date: ........................./........../.........

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................3
CHAPTER 1 : Western Influence................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 2: Cultural Identity Loss...........................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 3: Job Mobility.........................................................................................................................5
CHAPTER 4: Exploitation of Resources.....................................................................................................6
CHAPTER 5: A threat to National Security................................................................................................7
CHAPTER 6: Gloablised economy and lack of skills.................................................................................8
CHAPTER 7: Adverse impact on Environment..........................................................................................9
CONCLUSIONS.......................................................................................................................................10
BIBLIOGRAPHY.....................................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Globalisation is the term that denotes the integration and interaction between the people,
companies and governments of different country. The process is mostly done through the
international investment and trade with the help of Information Technology (Reich 1998).
Globalisation is the phenomena that has influenced each and every sector of modern times. Right
from the advent of the term, to its improvised versions, experts have always been debating of
positive and negative sides of globalisation. Most of the times, the blessings of globalisation is at
the discussion. People are well aware of the impact of globalisation and how it has become the
integral part of their daily lives. The discussion of the role of globalisation has always been a
serious subject for the business world too. In today’s context, the impression of globalisation in
human life is being analysed and criticised as well. This report will have a detailed discussion on
the major drawbacks of globalisation that the world is facing.

CHAPTER 1 : Western Influence
The definition of globalisation has varied from time to time, by there was a common term
“internationalisation” associated with it. The world has been able to exchange their culture
through the globalisation practice. All the culture all around the world gets chance to interact
with each other and exchange their cultural and social views. This way the communities all along
the world are being influenced with each other in a great way. In spite of the fact, some of the
researches show that, among all other cultural entities, the influence of the western culture is the
most among the people. After the impacts of globalisation came in to existence, the world can
easily penetrate the influence of western culture in each and every aspects of the world.
According to Jessop (2017), this influence of western culture can be seen in the social-economic
as well as political scenario as well. The western countries are having greater power of IT and
technology in their hand. This power gives them the advantage of influencing the mind and
approach of the world. it is evident that the developed countries of the west still holds the
dominance over business, culture and politics over the other developing countries of the world.
The direction of the capital flow through the international channels are also controlled by these
western countries to an huge extend (Orekhovskaya et al. 2018). One can understand through the
examples of the organisations like World Bank and International Monetary Fund. These
organisations make the loan acquiring process simple for the countries and thus influencing the
flow of economy. The western organisations some time weakens the economy of developing
countries by imposing western values. This results in to the identity crisis and economic crisis in
the developing countries. The people in the developing countries try to imitate the dominating
western culture and they suffer the negative impression like poverty and cultural loss.

CHAPTER 2: Cultural Identity Loss
Globalisation has caused the infusion of cultures all along the world, with power of technology,
the access to the foreign culture has become easier. The countries and people all around the
world are exchanging their cultural views and aspects with each other. The problem here is the
loss of cultural identity for the influence of the country cultures that are deemed to be more
‘advanced’ and therefore ‘better’. The globalisation has made the world the melting pot of
different ethnicity and heritage. The influence of some dominant culture is changing the
lifestyles and values of the others (Martins 2019). For example, in the developing countries like
India, Africa and others, the influence of western culture is immense. The people of these
developing countries are trying to engulf the lifestyles of the people in America, Australia or
UK. The result of it is cultural identity crisis and loss. The amalgamation of the different culture
is actually causing the loss of distinctive features of these cultures (Bretos and Marcuello 2017).
The world will loss global diversity if the things are going to be this way for next few decades.

CHAPTER 3: Job Mobility
The changing pattern of the global trade is the result of internationalisation or globalisation.
There is no doubt in the fact that globalisation has created scopes for the youth to join the
international workforce. The most common critic of globalisation is centred round the shipping
of jobs. The developed countries have the resources to pay more than the developing countries.
This is the reason that the skilled workforce in the developing countries travel to the western
developed countries to get better job benefits. As a result, the job structure of the developing
countries fall down. But this is not the whole scenario. As opined by Fossats-Vasselin and
Mayrhofer (2018), the skilled employees in the developing countries are shipped to the
developed countries with comparatively lower compensation that the companies was paying to
their own country labours. As a result, the lower skilled workers loss their jobs and the
developed countries. This causes a huge problems for these workers as they do not get the
chance of employment. This casts a great impact on the country’s social welfare system as well.
As in the developing countries, the scarcity of highly skilled workforce is evident for the same
reason (Valdez and Avoseh 2018). The highly skilled workers uses all the resources of their
native country to complete their education and shun their skill. But after the completion of their
education, they easily travel to some big economically developed country in search of greater
wage and better lifestyles. Thus, the developing countries are also facing problems in retaining
their valuable human resources in present time.

CHAPTER 4: Exploitation of Resources
The boundaries between the developing and the developed countries has blurred, but this is not
altogether a blessing for the world. The resources of the world is limited. The aim of
globalisation was to equalise the global consumption pattern. This means that through blurring
the border of the countries, the world would be able to exchange their resources and make them
accessible to everyone in the world. Though the intention was even distribution of the resources,
the result was just the opposite. The consumption of resources by the global citizens are not
balanced even after so many years of globalisation phenomena (Feasel 2018). The countries with
wealth is still consuming the lion share of world resources. The developed countries with
economic advancements are consuming about 90% of total resources. The example of America
would be apt here. This country have only 5% of total population in the world. but is the highest
consumer of energy among all other countries. The 5% population of the world consumes about
24% of total energy (Khan 2018). This is an appalling picture at the point of time where the
energy resources of the world are getting limited day by day. The per capita energy consumption
of one American citizen is same as 33 people of India. The developing countries are doing their
share of energy saving, but this is not the case with the developed countries. One single citizen of
US consumes the same amount of energy as the 370 Ethiopians to meet their daily needs
(Vereshchagina, Sazhina and Samygin 2016).

CHAPTER 5: A threat to National Security
Globalisation has increased the problems in the nation security context for many countries
including the developed ones. The main reason is the reduced restriction in the international
migration. This burring of borders are giving opportunity to people to access the information
about a country easily. The equation of the developed and developing country comes in this
aspect also. In the world of globalisation, only the nations that have strong security system can
survive the security threats. Access to technology and IT has made the challenges graver for the
country authorities (Blattner 2019). There are many terrorist activities all around the world which
the experts blame to globalisation partially. The threats has increased the costs of national
security which again weakens the economy of a country. The challenges are huge for the third
world countries as they do not have the resources to resist such security breaches.

CHAPTER 6: Gloablised economy and lack of skills
Globalisation is said to give netter opportunities of employment. But in the long run, this is not
going to be the case if one tries to analyse it. The changes are quite evident in the international
business and trading. The impact of automation in the organisation is immense. The IT and AI
technologies are being installed by most of the companies all across the world. As a result, the
skills required for the jobs are changing, next generations have to be well-trained in the
technology nd automation skill sets (Kumar 2019). The workers lacking this skill would not get
employment in coming years. The border restrictions have been reduced because of the
globalisation impact. The global economy is changing and the worker who have the lower skills
and repetitive job are going to lose their jobs. Therefore, there is a great chance that people
would try to migrate to the developed countries as those are going to be the hub of future
economy. As stated by Lane (2016), the trainings and information required for the coming
technological era can only be accessed in these countries. The boundaries between the
developing and the developed countries would be broaden in a metaphorical way. Again, the
employment for the lower skilled persons would be grate challenge in both the developed and
developing country. The migration of the workers to the developed economy would create a
crisis in the social-economic background of the developing countries.

CHAPTER 7: Adverse impact on Environment
The most adverse impact of globalisation would be on the environment with all its business and
technological development. The advancements in the technology is at the heart of world trade. At
the same time, the sustainability in business contexts are the new motto of the companies
worldwide. But this is not the case when one tries to analyse the facts. The data of 2018
environmental reports state that greenhouse emission has rose in the year in spite of all possible
precautions. Globalisation has increased the scope of development for the human race, but at the
same time it is affecting badly the life cycles of the animals and marine life (Moulton and van de
Ven 2018). The blurring of the border are also resulting in destruction of forests for human
civilisation. The greenhouse emission are not only increasing the climate change phenomena but
also impacting the lives of the marine and land eco-system. The tourism business growth is said
to be another product of globalisation (O’Rourke 2019). Experts also blame the growth of
tourism as the reason of environmental degradation.
Globalisation not only have the negative impact on animal lives, it is also impacting the human.
The increase in the infectious diseases are said to be the result of globalisation. The outbreak of
the diseases are not limited to the country of its origin. As the restriction of the international
borders have weakened, the outbreak of the epidemics have become more easy and common.
One of the most known example was the Columbian exchange. The outbreak of chicken pox and
small pox in the population centres resulted in to the death of over 90% of that population centre
people (Dima, Neculita and Sarpe 2016). The climate cycle changes is impacting the lives of
human being making it more difficult to breath in this planet day by day. They are becoming
vulnerable to diseases as the immune system is being compromised because of the adverse
impact of globalisation on the environment.

CONCLUSIONS
The globalisation has made the world free from many restrictions. Numerous opportunities are
there, but one must not forget about the threats and challenges globalisation has cast. Form the
losing of cultural identity to the exploitation of resources, form the trading scams to the
employment problems, from the national security threat to the environmental threats, all are the
problems that ha emerged from the globalisation. the world is becoming a smaller place and it
comes with its own disadvantages. Human race need to look back on these facets of globalisation
and make the way to the fair and shared opportunities with minimal discrimination.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Blattner, C.E., 2019. Protecting animals within and across borders: Extraterritorial jurisdiction
and the challenges of globalization. Oxford University Press.
Bretos, I. and Marcuello, C., 2017. Revisiting globalization challenges and opportunities in the
development of cooperatives. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 88(1), pp.47-73.
Dima, C., Neculita, M. and Sarpe, D.A., 2016. Globalization and Global Integration. Annals of
the University Dunarea de Jos of Galati: Fascicle: I, Economics & Applied Informatics, 22(3).
Feasel, E.M., 2018. Challenges confronting globalization. In Exports, Trade Policy and
Economic Growth in Eras of Globalization (pp. 190-213). Routledge.
Fossats-Vasselin, V. and Mayrhofer, U., 2018. Multinational enterprises and the challenges of
globalization. In Global Phenomena and Social Sciences (pp. 37-47). Springer, Cham.
Jessop, B., 2017. The Future of the State in an Era of Globalization. In Challenges of
Globalization (pp. 13-26). Routledge.
Khan, H.A., 2018. Governance, public administration, and the challenges of globalization. In
Globalization and the Challenges of Public Administration (pp. 5-31). Palgrave Macmillan,
Cham.
Kumar, R., 2019. CHALLENGES OF GLOBALIZATION & LIBERALIZATION FOR SMES
IN INDIA. Paripex-Indian Journal Of Research, 8(7).
Lane, J.E., 2016. Introduction: The Challenges of Globalization, World Capitalism and the
Global Open Society. In Globalization–The Juggernaut of the 21st Century (pp. 13-22).
Routledge.
Martins, C.E., 2019. Social Sciences and the Challenges of Globalization. In Dependency,
Neoliberalism and Globalization in Latin America (pp. 4-25). Brill.
Moulton, B.R. and van de Ven, P., 2018, February. Addressing the Challenges of Globalization
in National Accounts. In CRIW Conference. Bethesda, MD, March (pp. 9-10).
O’Rourke, K.H., 2019. Economic history and contemporary challenges to globalization. The
Journal of Economic History, 79(2), pp.356-382.
Orekhovskaya, N.A., Galushkin, A.A., Maleko, E.V., Bezenkova, T.A., Plugina, N.A. and
Obstaravacia, S.V., 2018. Globalization and youth: philosophical analysis of challenges and
ways to overcome them. XLinguae, 11(2), p.256.

Reich, S., 1998. What is globalization?: Four possible answers (Vol. 261). Helen Kellogg
Institute for International Studies.
Valdez, A.A. and Avoseh, M., 2018. Liberating Education and the Challenges of Globalization
and Technology. Commission for International Adult Education.
Vereshchagina, A.V., Sazhina, L.V. and Samygin, S., 2016. Civilization security of third century
in conditions of challenges of globalization era. The edition is included into Russian Science
Citation Index., p.64.

APPENDIX (if necessary)