Analyzing the Positive Impacts of Globalization on Business Functions: A Case Study on AVIVA plc

This report aims to analyze the positive impacts of globalization on different business functions within AVIVA plc, including operations, marketing, HR, and accounting. The case study focuses on the economic, cultural, and ethical aspects of globalization and its effects on AVIVA plc. The report includes a literature review, project management plan, and recommendations.

Managing a Successful
Business Project

Contents
TITLE..............................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
Design aims and objectives....................................................................................................1
Literature Review.............................................................................................................................2
Brief explanation of PMP by including time, scope, cost, communication, time, quality and
resources.................................................................................................................................4
Discuss Gantt Chart and WBS...............................................................................................6
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................9
By using qualitative and quantitative approaches suitable for accomplishing set standards
small scale research is conducted...........................................................................................9
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................11
Evaluate research and data by using different tools and techniques....................................11
Recommendations................................................................................................................18
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................19
Reflection.............................................................................................................................19
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................20
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................21

TITLE
“To analyse the positive economic, cultural, and ethical impacts of globalisation on the
different functions of business like operations, marketing, HR, accounting within the
organisation”. A case study on AVIVA plc.
INTRODUCTION
Globalisation refers to the increasing interdependence of world's culture, economics as
well as population by doing international trade in technology, goods and services, people,
investment and information (Basu, 2015). It is termed as a interconnectedness of business as well
as people over the globe which leads the global integration of economic, political, culture and
ethical which positively impacts on the several business functions. Globalisation facilitates better
competitive positions along with the lower cost of operating as well as gain attraction of
maximum number of customers. For this assignment AVIVA plc is chosen which is a British
multinational company that headquartered in London, United Kingdom. As it is a leading general
insurer, leading life and pension providers that was founded in 2000. in this report, aim of
research is to examine the positive impacts of internationalisation on various business functions
for which a researcher prepares aim and objectives and prepare project management plan by
considering several aspects. Work breakdown structure an Gantt chart is also used for preparing
timelines for project completion and use qualitative and quantitative methods of research will be
used for gathering information on this topic. Thus, researcher made appropriate
recommendations on the impacts of globalisation and facilitate reflection on skills and
knowledge.
TASK 1
Design aims and objectives
Project overview:
Research project is based on the impacts of globalisation that positively influence the
different functions of business or AVIVA plc and these are in terms of economic, political,
ethical and cultural. It helps in minimising the operating cost and create flexible environment at
workplace and operates all the business functions effectively (Frankenberger, 2016). This will
assist AVIVA plc to analyse the positive results if globalisation on the operations of various
business functions such as HR, accounting, operating and marketing.
1

This research will help Vodafone Group to analyse the issues, challenges and measures to meet
them also the extent to which it can influence the organisational culture.
Overview of AVIVA Plc:
It is considered as a British insurance company that has around 33 million customers
across in 16 nations and it is considered as a largest company of insurance that serves across the
globe. As of 2020, AVICA plc have employed around 31700 workers in order to facilitate
different services to their customers such as life insurance, pensions and general insurance.
Aim of the project:
The main aim of the project is to analyse the impacts of globalisation in terms of
economic, cultural and ethical that positively influence the functions of business such as
marketing, accounting, human resource and so on.
Objectives of project:
Some of the objectives of research report that need to be accomplished by the researcher
are as follows:
 To develop a basic understanding about the globalisation.
 To ascertain positive and negative impacts of globalisation on the various functions of
AVIVA plc.
 To evaluate several strategies that can be used by AVIVA plc in order to minimise the
negative impacts of globalisation and success in the competitive market.
Questions:
 What do you mean by globalisation?
 What are the impacts of globalisation and how it impacts on the different functions?
 What kind of strategies can be formulating by the AVIVA plc in order to get success in
the competitive market and remain competitive?
Literature Review
Basic understanding about the globalisation
According to Plessis, globalisation describes the interdependence of the economies of the
world, their culture and population on each other as it has allowed cross border trades for various
goods and services, the flow of investment, the flow of technology, easier movement of people
and information. Different countries enter into economic partnerships with each other with the
aim to facilitate the development of their economies. The effect of globalisation is considered to
2

be complex and politically influenced because they have a direct impact on certain groups which
are existing and operating in a country. Due to globalisation the interconnectedness and
interdependence of the countries on each other increases. This can have both positive and
negative impacts on them. One of the most visible impacts of globalisation is an increase in the
economic exchanges and trade among the countries. To facilitate this various free trade policies
are also accelerated. In addition to this globalisation has an impact on the culture as well, such as
coffee is considered to be from Ethiopia but is consumed throughout the world. It may lead to
cultural loss, economic loss to the in-house companies as well as adverse consequences on the
environment. But for the overall development and to ensure success it is important to expand
business operations and to adopt the changes in the wider business environment.
Impacts of globalisation and how it impacts on the different functions
According to Ramachandra, globalisation has offered various advantages to the companies
and the economies as it enables them to either shift to the mass production or to offer customized
and value-added products to the growing customer base. The globalisation has expanded the
market with which the organisation can become productive and profitable but to cope up with
this they need to restructure their processes and offerings. It has shifted the focus towards the
infrastructure, technology, methodologies used by the companies as with the improvement in
these factors the organisations can easily manage the change. With the inflow of the funds as a
foreign direct investment, the level of competition has increased because businesses are provided
with more funds. Also, it allows businesses to enter the market. Such investment put various
challenges before the companies like adoption of new technology which has an influence on
existing human resources of the organisation as they may not be competent enough to adopt the
technology. Due to this, the companies need to arrange training sessions for them which increase
their overall cost. On the other hand, it offers various opportunities for the employees to grow
and develop efficiently coping up with the changes. Managing the increased competition leads to
improvement in the existing processes through which the quality of the offerings will
improve which ultimately satisfy the needs and want of the customer. This increases the roles
and responsibilities of the production department along with managing the economies of scale
they also have to manage the quality of the offerings. With this, the company can make their
product competitive against other companies throughout the world.
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Strategies used to minimise the negative impacts of globalisation and success in the competitive
market
According to George, globalisation has a various impact on the organisation as well as on
the economies which has to be managed by them effectively by formulating various strategies
and taking necessary actions. The organisations for reducing the adverse impact must take into
consideration the competition by analysing the upstream and downstream vendors, capabilities of
the organisation, resources held by them, and many more. With the globalisation different
companies enter into the existing market and to deal with them various strategies such as making
the workforce compatible, conducting research for the market, analysing the customers behavior,
etc. must be focussed upon. By providing sufficient training to the Employees they can be made
capable of managing various changes within the organisation. The analysis of the market in
terms of impact of various internal and external factors on the operations of the organisation,
along with the prevailing competitive situations must be undertaken so that its influence can be
identified and reduced. Accordingly, various strategies to manage such impacts can be
formulated. Apart from this strategy of taking customer feedback must be emphasized as the
globalisation has an impact on their taste and preferences as well. With this, the company can
offer their product and services as per their needs and wants which will help them to be
successful in the competitive market.
Brief explanation of PMP by including time, scope, cost, communication, time, quality and
resources
Project management plan is termed as a process in which various phases are involves such as
initiation, design, organising, monitoring as well as controlling and closing of project activities
that is to be completed in an effective and efficient way (Kiessling, 2018). It is an essential
requirement for ensuring that project planning and direction for the achievement of strategic
objectives as well as targets. It is related to the scope, risk, quality, cost, communication and so
many aspects that are essential while planning and managing a research project.
Some of the measures of project management plan are discussed with respect of
researcher and AVIVA plc are as follows:
Cost: It is the most essential consideration of every kind of activities as it considers the
approximation of overall project which should be required to accomplish goals and objectives
effectively. It is necessary for both researcher and manager for which investigator estimated the
4

actual cost for research purpose which is £7000 approximate that helps in conducting research in
an appropriate manner (Martinsuo, 2014). Whereas, project manager of AVIVA approximate
£50000 for completing all the activities and changes in an appropriate way as it is needed for
buying new assets, conducting training and development sessions, meeting the requirements of
information and resources as well as brings new and latest technologies. So that manager is able
to use or implement research data in their organisational strategies.
Quality: It is necessary for directing research activities this will assist in collecting more
reliable and accurate information towards the specific topic. As researcher use both the methods
as qualitative and quantitative for collecting real informations and facts. Whereas project
manager of AVIVA plc gets advantages of those accurate information to complete all tasks in the
certain time duration and within the set budget.
Resources: For the research project researcher as well as manager requires numerous
resources such as human, physical, financial as well as technological which assists in
accomplishing the goals of business and motivate employees for better performance (Taherdoost,
2018). The manager of AVIVA plc needs time, money, efforts as well as schedule and
techniques in order to satisfy customers requirements. Moreover, investigator needs finance,
internet connection of high speed, appropriate time as well as more efforts in order to gather
valuable and reliable informations.
Scope: As this kind of research has broad scope in future for doing the further
globalisation that aids in positive development of AVIVA plc and minimise negative aspects that
provides a lot of opportunities in future as well. Investigator have detail understanding about this
topic which helps other businesses for doing globalisation. Whereas, manager will be use or
implement appropriate strategies for reducing the barriers and negative impacts of globalisation
and succeed for long period of time.
Communication: For analyse the positive impacts of globalisation on the different
functions of businesses investigator conduct research and appoint team so that they need to be
communicate information clearly (Pearlson, 2016). For which they use telephones, emails etc. to
interact with team members and clients and manager of AVIVA plc can adopt oral and written
methods of communication so that they get appropriate feedbacks from employees.
5

Time: As the manager of AVIVA plc needs 2 months for executing all the strategies and
benefits of globalisation so that all these are managed in an effective and efficient way. Whereas,
researcher would needed 7 weeks for collecting actual informations in the certain period of time.
Risk: It is a common factor that are faced by the researcher as well as manager while
performing activities. As investigator may face issues related to the gathering inappropriate data
or fails to choose proper sample size that will lead in delay in performance (Zimmermann, 2018).
So that it impacts on manager as well because they are unable to manage things and fails to
implement appropriate strategies that helps in positive globalisation as well as it creates
dissatisfaction feeling among workers.
Discuss Gantt Chart and WBS
Work break down structure is defined as a deliverable oriented hierarchical structure
that assists in classifying the entire projects into smaller sections that are measurable
appropriately and it can be executed by the team of project in an adequate manner.
Decomposition of work assists in providing effective cost estimation and it have full control over
the business activities and it is termed as a beneficial for the manager and researcher (Pryke,
2016). By using work break down structure investigator determine actual timings of business
activities that includes the starting and ending time schedule. Whereas, project manager use
WBS in order to absolute entire tasks within the time frame in a cost effective and efficient way.
Gantt chart refers to the bar chart diagram that represents the proper schedule of tasks
and the time duration of each and every works which can be done through the use of Microsoft
Excel. It is considered as an essential tool that are used in the management of research project as
it permits people to track actual situation and status of project activities as well as highly support
to the completion of task in an effective manner within the time frame (Spender, 2017). It will
help researcher to gathers information and data on the specific topic within the certain period of
6

time along with the reducing delays. Although, the project manager use Gantt chart for analysing
the requirements of resources to complete the entire projects in the time-frame.
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8

TASK 2
By using qualitative and quantitative approaches suitable for accomplishing set standards small
scale research is conducted
Research is defined as a systematic study that can be done towards the specific problem
which assists in describing, explaining, forecasting as well as controlling the information for
which the investigation is conducted (Vanclay, 2015). This can be done through the application
of different methods of research which includes qualitative and quantitative which have well
managed and defined properties of data collection.
Qualitative method: It is related to the collection of information as it is based on the
open ended questions which is to be gather from the participants and information are not in
quantity or numerical form. This helps investigator to know about the views and perceptions of
respondents as what they think and why. There are various methods of qualitative research which
are in used for collecting information such as interview, case study, focus group and so many
others (Ashtiani, 2017).
Quantitative method: It is totally based on the numerical form of data and information
which can be measured in the numbers. In this, researcher collects facts and figures which derive
the result of data collection and answerer facilitated with questions through which the methods of
research can be easily justified and it is based on the measurable variables of information. For
this the questionnaire and the static records are used for gathering information about the AVIVA
plc and shows them on charts and graphs (Guerra-Santin, 2015).
As the collection of data is necessary for conducting a research in a systematic way so the
researcher can be used two sources like primary and secondary in order to collect information.
Such as follows:
 Primary data sources: It is considered as a first-hand information that is to be collected
directly by the research from sample. As it is also known as a real time information that is
based on the specific requirement of investigator but that kind of source is costly and
time consuming to use. Some of the sources includes surveys, personal interviews,
questionnaire and so on.
 Secondary data source: It is already been collected by someone else that are refined and
redesign by the researchers according to their requirements or needs. Secondary source of
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data collection is short as well as economic to use (Larson, 2016). These type of data is to
be collected through the journals, government publications as well as books.
Research philosophy:
Research philosophy is an activity that is taken into consideration by the researcher while
undertaking any research. Such a philosophy can be interpretivism and positivism. The
interpretivism philosophy facilitates to observe one's own understanding of the reality regarding
the research topic, while positivism facilitates to understand on the basis of studies carried out
for undertaking the research. For this research project, the researcher will be focusing on
positivism philosophy as with the help of this better understanding can be developed for the
research project and thus this will improve the quality of the outcomes.
Sampling:
Samples are to be chosen for gathering primary information from the staff members and
manager of company (Ozturk, 2016). It should be selected out of the large number of people as
researcher select the sample size of 40 for gathering information on a particular topic that shows
the overall population.
Questionnaire
Quantitative Questions
Q1) Since how many years you have been working for AVIVA plc?
a) 0-4 years
b) 5-8 years
c) More than 8 years
Q2) Are you satisfied with the globalisation of business?
a) Very Unsatisfied
b) Unsatisfied
c) Neutral
d) Satisfied
e) Very satisfied
Q3) Do you think that globalisation impacts positively on the business functions?
a) Strong Disagree
b) Disagree
c) Undecided
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d) Agree
e) Strongly Agree
Q4) What outcomes will be received by the AVIVA plc after doing globalisation in other
nations?
a) Better employee retention
b) High level of performance
c) Increased competition
Q5) What kinds of strategies will be adopted by AVIVA plc in order to overcome from the
adverse impact of globalisation?
a) Provide regular training
b) Appropriate market researcher
c) Emphasise on customer’s feedbacks
Q6) Which function of AVIVA plc is highly effected through the globalisation process?
a) Operation department
b) HR department
c) Accounting department
d) Marketing department
Q7) What are the benefits of globalisation?
a) Increase international trade
b) Develop wealth and image of company
c) Increase in sales and profitability
Qualitative Questions
Q8) What are the positive impacts of globalisation on business functions?
Q9) What are the use of strategies in order to reduce adverse impact of globalisation?
Q10) Recommend some measurements which can be taken by AVIVA plc..........
TASK 3
Evaluate research and data by using different tools and techniques.
Theme 1 : Number of working years
Q1) Since how many years you have been working for AVIVA plc? Frequency
11

a) 0-4 years 17
b) 5-8 years 15
c) More than 8 years 8
17
15
8
a) 0-4 years
b) 5-8 years
c) More than 8 years
Interpretation:
Out of the total 40 respondents that are considered for the data collection for the research
project the maximum number of workers who employed for a longer period of time which is
more than 4 years. It shows that company AVIVA has clear policies and procedures that helps
employees to work with the company for longer period of time (Pieterse, 2019).
Theme 2: Satisfaction of employees
Q2) Are you satisfied with the globalisation of business? Frequency
a) Very Unsatisfied 2
b) Unsatisfied 4
c) Neutral 6
d) Satisfied 20
e) Very satisfied 8
12

Interpretation:
It has been analysed from the above graph that 20 answerers among 40 are in favour of
the process of globalisation as they feel satisfied from the AVIVA'S plc globalisation and they
think that it is beneficial for businesses. Whereas, the other 2 and 4 respondents are very
unsatisfied and unsatisfied respectively regarding globalisation of company. The remaining 6 are
neutral whereas other 8 are very satisfied with company’s decision of expansion.
Theme 3: Thinking about positive impact of globalisation
Q3) Do you think that globalisation impacts positively on the business
functions?
Frequency
a) Strong Disagree 2
b) Disagree 4
c) Undecided 8
d) Agree 18
e) Strongly Agree 8
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Interpretation:
It can be considered from the above diagram that majority of 18 respondents among the
total 40 thinks that globalisation positively influences on the different business functions of
AVIVA plc as they help in achieving the organisational objectives and getting success (Cha,
2018). But 6 are disagree on that point as they consider that globalisation negatively influence on
the marketing, accounting, operations and HR functions of AVIVA plc due to the globalisation.
The remaining 8 are undecided and other 8 respondents are strongly agree with the same
statement.
Theme 4 : Results of globalisation
Q4) What outcomes will be received by the AVIVA plc after doing
globalisation in other nations?
Frequency
a) Better employee retention 20
b) High level of performance 9
c) Increased competition 11
14

20
9
11
a) Better employee
retention
b) High level of
performance
c) Increased
competition
Interpretation:
It has been viewed from the above diagram that the company AVIVA get better
employee retention from doing globalisation which has been answered by half of the
respondents. Whereas, among remaining 20 answerers, 11 believes that globalisation helps in
increasing the competition and competitive position as well but remaining 9 are not in favour of
that because they thinks that globalisation increase the performance of individual as well as
businesses in the global marketplace.
Theme 5 : Strategies for minimising negative impacts
Q5) What kinds of strategies will be adopted by AVIVA plc in order to
overcome from the adverse impact of globalisation?
Frequency
a) Provide regular training 18
b) Appropriate market researcher 9
c) Emphasise on customers feedbacks 13
15

18
9
13
a) Provide regular
training
b) Appropriate market
researcher
c) Emphasise on cus-
tomers feedbacks
Interpretation:
It has been viewed from the above tabular and graphical representation that 18 out of the
40 respondents thinks that company reduce the adverse impact of globalisation by facilitating
appropriate training and developmental sessions that helps in developing employees. Whereas,
13 believes that considering the feedbacks of customers are best way to minimise the negative
impact of globalisation and remaining thinks that by conducting appropriate market research they
can able to get better results and success (Wrench, 2016).
Theme 6 : Effect of globalisation on different functions
Q6) Which function of AVIVA plc is highly effected through the
globalisation process?
Frequency
a) Operation department 6
b) HR department 15
c) Accounting department 8
d) Marketing department 11
16

6
15 8
11 a) Operation de-
partment
b) HR department
c) Accounting de-
partment
d) Marketing de-
partment
Interpretation:
It can be analysed from the above graph that 15 among 40 believes that human resource
department of AVIVA plc is highly influenced from the process of globalisation as they requires
to formulate strategies for the recruitment and selection of new staff who effectively meet the
international requirements. Whereas, 11 considers it effects marketing department as they need
to focus on analysing market conditions and 8 considers the accounting department and
remaining thinks that operation of company is more effected.
Theme 7 : Benefits of globalisation
Q7) What are the benefits of globalisation? Frequency
a) Increase international trade 12
b) Develop wealth and image of company 20
c) Increase in sales and profitability 8
12
20
8
a) Increase interna-
tional trade
b) Develop wealth and
image of company
c) Increase in sales
and profitability
Interpretation:
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It has been interpreted from the above diagram that out of the 40 respondents 20 believes
that globalisation helps in developing the company's AVIVA plc wealth as well as market image
as it is more beneficial for business. Among them, 12 thinks that it assists in increasing the
global trade but remaining 8 considers that it results in the raising sales as well as profitability of
businesses that it is most effective because the main motive of company is to earn profits.
Qualitative Interpretation:
Q8) What are the positive impacts of globalisation on business functions?
To know about the positive impacts of globalisation, researcher select a sample of 5
managers for the collection of qualitative information (Polonsky, 2018). Among all the majority
of managers i.e. 3 says that globalisation is most useful concept for AVIVA as it helps in
increasing the efficiency and performance of all functions effectively and efficiently. It provides
cost benefits to the departments and smooth functioning of all business activities so the
international requirements are easily achieved and gain customers satisfaction as well.
Q9) What are the use of strategies in order to reduce adverse impact of globalisation?
Out of the total 5 managers, 2 considers that for minimising the adverse impact of
globalisation, AVIVA focused on training and development sessions which helps in increasing
the range of trained and skilled workers and lead the measurable and achievable success.
Whereas, 2 considers that market research should be conducted appropriately so that accurate
information and trends are easily well known and considers them to do the globalisation. But
remaining 1 manager suggest that by focusing on the feedbacks of customer’s company can
able to get better success (Kassen, 2018).
Recommendations
The research has been carried out on the topic of “To analyse the positive economic,
cultural, and ethical impacts of globalisation on the different functions of business like
operations, marketing, HR, accounting within the organisation”. In the present research,
secondary research is conducted in which secondary sources are used to collect relevant data
related to the research topic. Questionnaire tool is the techniques which are used to gather
information. The researcher has clearly interpreted gathered data which must take into
18

consideration while recommending to their client. Here are some recommendations that can be
followed after analysing gathered data:
Recommendation of research as well as data analysis is illustrated as under:
 Organization need to modify their function in order to gain productive outcomes in short
time duration by training their employees so that they can adopt the changes due to
globalisation (Nagorny-Koring, 2018).
 More focus should be laid on dynamic environment changes to frame appropriate
strategies so that adverse impact of globalization can be reduced on the organisational
culture and operations. It will enable the firm to achieve their objectives in the specified
time duration.
 AVIVA need to conduct various sessions for staff members with the aim to have better
understanding for positive economic, cultural, and ethical impacts of globalisation on
business function. By this they can ensured that the employee contributes more to the
company in achieving their outcomes.
 For improving the overall performance various departments must be formulated that can
consistently take into consideration the area of improvement. This will ensure AVIVA
that they have competent employees and better management.
With better understanding of the topic and developed ability of analysing the responses of the
respondents, research in future can be undertaken efficiently but must take into consideration the
following:
 All the required skills must be identified before and be procured prior to the starting of
the research so that it does not affect the research.
 The allocation of the time to different activities must be done efficiently as per the nature
and importance of the activity with the help of which the completion of the entire project
can be managed.
TASK 4
Reflection.
I am glad that I have given the opportunity to be the part of research work on the given
topic “To analyse the positive economic, cultural, and ethical impacts of globalisation on the
different functions of business like operations, marketing, HR, accounting within the
19

organisation. This research has raised by basic understanding regarding globalization. The raised
understanding regarding the topic will help in to conduct other research activity more properly in
the set time duration. While I was a part of the research I identified that in certain skills I am
good but on the other hand I lack behind in some of the research skills. Critical thinking, data
collection skill, decision making skill and problem solving skill was good in me which helped to
arrange the gathered information in proper manner. By this I was able to draw meaningful
conclusion for the findings. But on the other hand communication and time management are the
skills in which I lack behind. This weak area in me impacted by research outcomes because I was
unable to covey the collected information to my team members (Schönherr, 2019). Additionally,
I was not able to prioritise the work according to the time desire outcomes was not achieved. But
by attending various sessions and seminars I will be improving my weak skill so that in the up-
coming research I can perform much better and more authentic and reliable information on the
topic is provided to the reader.
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion it can be summarized that cultural, economic and ethical
influence of globalization on various business functions is intense. Various tactics are framed by
the management in order to meet the set standards on time despite the impact of globalization on
various business functions such as, marketing, HR, accounting etc. Gantt Chart and WBS is
prepared in order to make the complex task easy for accomplishment in the set deadline. Primary
data collection method is used by researcher in order to accumulate authentic data regarding the
topic. Qualitative and quantitative approach is used by investigator in their findings so that
quality information can be captured easily with the help of pie charts and diagrams.
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