Statistics Assignment - Hypothesis Testing
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Added on 2019-10-09
Statistics Assignment - Hypothesis Testing
Added on 2019-10-09
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Assignment 3Question 1Let 1 and 2 be the population means of useful life times (in months) of Cooper paint and King paint,respectively. Then, the null and alternative hypotheses are:H0 : 1 = 2H1 : 1 ≠ 2This is a two-tailed test. We have chosen = 0.01.The samples are chosen independently, the population variances are unknown and they are not known to be equal. Hence, we shall use as test statistic, 12221212()0XXSSnn.The population distributions are approximately normal and the sample sizes are large enough. Hence, this is a two-tailed t-testdf =22211222222112212////11snsnsnsnnn=( 212/ 54 + 282 / 60)2 / ((212 / 54)2 / 53)) + ((282 /60)2 / 59)) = 108.59For df ≈ 109, tα = t0.025 = 1.960. Decision rule : reject H0 in favor of H1 if the computed t-value is less than -1.960 or if it is greater than 1.960.t = (345 – 351) / (212 /54 + 282 /60)= - 0.2826
Since –0.2826 is more than –1.960, there is sufficient evidence, at = 0.05, that we cannot reject H0, that is, to infer that the population mean of the number of units produced on the afternoon shift is smaller. α = 1 – 0.99 = 0.01. For df = 109, tα/2 = t0.005 = 2.576.A 995 percent confidence interval estimate for the difference 12() is (345 – 351) + (2.576) √ ((21)2 / 54)+ ((28)2 / 60)= (-6 + 11.87) = (-17.87, 5.87)Question 2Let the average weight (in g) be . Then, the null and the alternative hypotheses are:H0 : ≤ 250H1 : > 250We have selected = 0.05.We shall use as test statistic t = (x̅ - μ) / s /√n. Since the population distribution is approximately normal and the sample size (n = 50) is large enough,the distribution of the test statistic,when = 250, is approximately student’s t-distribution with df = (n –1) = 49. Thus, this is a lower-tailedt-test.For df = 49, t = t0.05 = approximately 1.678.Our decision rule is: reject H0 in favor of H1 if the computed t-value is less than -t0.05 -1.678.The computed t-value is:(252 – 250) / 6/√50= 2.357Since the computed t-value (= -2.357) is less than -1.678, we conclude that there is sufficient evidence at = 0.05, to reject H0 in favor of H1, that is to infer that the mean weight is greater than 250g.
Question 3Let us formulate the null and alternative hypotheses.H0: μ = $50000 (The mean income does not defer)H1: μ ≠ $50000 (The mean income defers)At the centre of the hypothesized distribution will be the highest possible value for which H0 could be true, μ0 = $50000.The significance level as given will be α = 0.1The population standard deviation (σ) is known and the sample size is large, so the normal distribution isappropriate and the test statistics (ᴢ) is calculated as: z = (x̅ - μ0)/σ = (50500 – 50000)/ (3000/√120) = 1.825For a two-tail z-test in which α = 0.1, z = -2.326 and z = +2.326 will be the respective boundaries for lower and upper tails of 0.01 each. These are the critical values for the test and they identify the non rejection and rejection regions i.e. reject H0 if calculated z < -2.326 or z > +2.326, otherwise do not reject.The calculated value, z = 1.825 falls within the non rejection region of the diagram. So at the 0.1 level of significance, the null hypothesis is not rejected.The results suggest that the mean income defers from $50000P-value = (-1.825≤Z ≤ 1.825) = approximately 2*(1 – 0.96562) = 0.06876.
Question 4a) True.b) True.c) False.d) True.e) True.
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