Development of Human Resources in Organizations

The provided content discusses the importance of human resource development (HRD) in organizations to improve their performance and competitiveness. The article highlights the successful implementation of a learning initiative that led to increased employee retention and improved working conditions. It also emphasizes the role of government initiatives in promoting HRD, which has contributed to the growth and stability of the economy. Furthermore, it suggests that developing and managing human resources is crucial for companies to gain a competitive advantage in the market.

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Human resource
development
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction .........................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1.................................................................................................................................................3
1.1Different learning styles.........................................................................................................3
1.2 Role of learning curve and importance of transferring learning at the workplace................6
1.3 Contribution of learning styles and theories when planning and designing a learning event7
TASK 2 ................................................................................................................................................7
2.1 Comparison of training needs for staff at different level in Salisbury..................................7
2.2 Advantages and disadvantages of training methods used by Sainsbury...............................8
2.3 Systematic approach to plan training and development for a training event......................10
TASK 3...............................................................................................................................................10
3.1 Evaluation using suitable techniques..................................................................................10
3.2 Evaluation of a training event.............................................................................................11
3.3 Success of the evaluation method used...............................................................................12
Task 4..................................................................................................................................................12
4.1 Role of Government in training development and lifelong learning..................................12
4.2 Impact of development competency on private and public sectors....................................13
4.3 Impact of training initiative that has been introduced by UK government has on HRD....13
Conclusion..........................................................................................................................................14
References .........................................................................................................................................15
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INTRODUCTION
Most of organizations nowadays are trying to adopt best human resource practices in order
to manage all their business activities in an effective manner. HR department is responsible for
several tasks such as implementing, creating and overseeing the related policies. In this regard, it is
quite essential to maintain the growth of HR department by following various actions. The present
report is divided into different parts. First part emphasizes on the different learning styles that are
adopted by individuals as well as reason for which it is important to transfer learning at the
workplace. Further, it mainly focuses on the planning and designing of effective learning events as
well as personal development program (Mariappanadar, 2003). Second part of the report is based on
the training needs for staff members at different levels in an organization. For this purpose,
Sainsbury Company is taken into consideration. They are the leading retailer and are operated
worldwide. A systematic approach to plan the training and development for a training event is
described in the section. Further, third part carries out an evolution of training event as well as
review the success of evaluation method that is used by the company. Moreover, a training event is
planned for employees of Sainsbury and various initiatives of government in training and
development is also described in this report. Apart from that, it studies that government led skills
development initiatives through which individuals can enhance their lifelong learning.
TASK 1
1.1
In today's competitive environment, one of the most important targets for each and every
individual is to learn and improve his learning skills. Different learning styles and theories can be
used by Sainsbury in order to plan and design effective personal development programs. It helps
them in preparing their employees in an effective manner. Kolb as well as Honey and Mumford are
the researchers who have come up with categorization of learning styles (Cartwrigh, 2002). There
are mainly four types of learning styles that have been given by Honey and Mumford such as:
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Illustration 1: Honey and Mumford learning styles
(Source: Newlink, 2011)
 Activist: These people involve themselves in new learning experiences and they always try
to learn something new. These types of people can learn by attending different activities that
are organized by company such as workshops and conferences etc (Berger, 2008). This type
of learning style is an open minded approach and people can learn such styles by going
through different group discussions and brainstorming sessions. Theorist: They are the learners who mainly like to go through the specific actions behind
the theory adopted by them. They can easily take interest in this type of learning style if they
get different models, concepts and facts behind the learning event. Further, there are several
activities adopted by these learners such as models, quotes, background information and
stories etc. Pragmatist: These types of learners need some time to think about how to apply learning in
reality. For this purpose, they can go through various discussions as well as in problem
solving activity too (Holmes, 2014). They are mainly concerned about the way to put
learning into practice in real world.
 Reflector: These people think about what has happened and they learn by observing various
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tasks and activities. They prefer to watch from sidelines and view past experiences of people
in order to find out the most appropriate conclusion.
The above given learning styles explains about the different perspectives through which
individuals of Sainsbury can learn and enhance their learning styles. With the help of adopting this
learning model, company can easily improve their work quality.
1.2
Learning curve is a technique through which Sainsbury can easily view their learning
growth in the future. It is a graphical representation which describes the rate of learning as well as
rate of difficulty in learning something. In addition to this, most of the companies can easily grow
and enhance their capabilities. It is the best technique nowadays adopted by most of the companies
as it shows the rate of improvement in performing tasks as a function time. The concept of learning
curve describes how new skills or knowledge can be quickly acquired initially (Dransfield, 2000).
In order to increase the learning with experience, this curve goes with the statistical findings. With
the help of these findings, company can easily achieve their targets.
Figure 1: The Learning Curve
(Source: Dewey, 2014)
With the help of the above figure, it has been identified that learning curve is used when the
same task is continual in same series and where the body of knowledge is learned over a time. As
per the above description, it has been identified that learning curve is an essential technique that
mainly helps the Sainsbury in their future growth.
By adopting different learning styles, they can learn and grow with the company. All the
employees of company can perform their tasks in an effective manner along with improving and
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gaining their learning skills. It is the best way through which company can easily achieve their goal
and increase their market share as well (Stewart and Knowles, 2000). With the help of this,
company can provide best and attractive services to their clients. By transferring learning at the
workplace, company can easily hire and train new employees and can provide them with best
training so that they can increase their production efficiency.
1.3
While planning for a learning event or a personal development program, Sainsbury should
identify different learning styles and theories. There are various theories that are required by the
company at the time of planning and developing a learning event. Learning theory is a framework
that helps in developing human skills and competency. It is the best way through which
organizations can go through their organizational factors. By considering the different
organizational values and requirements, company can select best suitable learning style. At the time
of planning and designing a learning event, learning curve helps the company in measuring their
future growth. They can plan according to their future growth and however, it helps in defining and
generating best outcomes of developing human resources. With the help of proper contribution of
learning Styles Company can plan a training event through which they can transfer learning at the
workplace. By transferring learning at the workplace, each and every individual can learn their
skills and grow with the company. It is quite essential to cover all the broader level of
responsibilities. In addition to this, while working within today's globalized world, there are several
changes that takes place in the organizational structure and values of the company. For this purpose,
they can consider best learning style and theory by considering different improvement factors. In
addition to this, it can be determined that while planning and designing any event or development
program, it is quite essential for the company to adopt best suitable learning styles and theories.
TASK 2
2.1
Sainsbury is the second largest chain of supermarket in UK. They are the leading retail
providers which serves their business operations in order to provide quality products to all their
customers. It is quite essential for the management team of Sainsbury to provide right training to all
their employees at right time so that they can easily perform all their tasks in an effective manner.
Understanding value and standard of the company is a crucial task for employees. In this respect
company needs to provide proper training program to all their employees from different fields of
operations (Chatzoglou, 2008). There are different training program should be adopted by different
company and it should be provided at different level such as:
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 Management level: In order to manage all the business operations in an effective
manner management level is fully responsible for this. People of management team
of Sainsbury need to take all the effective decisions. For this purpose they should
have a practical experience through which they can develop their capabilities ans
skills of decision making. It is the most crucial part of any company as they need to
take appropriate decisions in order to manage their resources in an effective manner.
 Operational level: Retail industry needs to perform several tasks at different level
and they need to provide best quality products to all their customers. One of the most
important tasks of Sainsbury is to provide best coaching to all their employees for
their performance improvement. Line manager can motivate the employees at
operational level and they try to perform all the tasks more effectively.
 Customer Level Employees: It is the most important department of any company as
all the employees in this department need to discuss and share the problems of their
customers (Mariappanadar, 2003). All the employees at this level should properly
interact with the consumers and provide them quality services. For this purpose,
employees of this department should train with the problem solving skills. They need
to provide them right training so that they can improve their problem solving skills
and manage complaints of all the employees and provide them appropriate solutions.
Various workshops can be conducted by company through which employees can
improve their problem solving capabilities.
 Health and safety: Training related to health and safety should be provided to all the
employees of different departments. All staff members should provide health and
safety induction at the workplace so that they can keep this and maintain healthy
environment within the organization. With the help of providing induction training
related to health and Safety Company can easily protect their workers and keep the
workplace safe. There are several actions can be taken by the company in order to
prevent injuries with the help of training provided to them. I
 Staff Induction: Induction program mainly contain the process in which company
can train their new employees (Budhwar and Sparrow, 2002). Training can be
provided to newly joined employees in order to maintain health and safe working
environment within an organization. In the induction a proper instruction about the
working procedure of company is described. With the help of such training staff
member can perform all their tasks in an effective manner and they can improve their
performance.
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2.2
Sainsbury is a retail industry which mainly uses different training methods in order to
provide best training services to all their employees. The main advantage of providing appropriate
training to all the employees of the customer level is that they can provide quality services to all
their employees. There are mainly two types of training methods used by Sainsbury i.e. on the jib
training as well as off the job training methods. Off-the-job training requires to invest huge capital
as it organizes after the office premises (Wei, 2006). It is the major disadvantage of using this
method as company organizes these activities in a shorter span of time which may leads to several
difficulties for the management people of company. For this purpose, company needs to conduct
various simulation programs as well as workshops. The main advantage of using this method is that
company can go through the greater staff productivity. With the help of attending several on-the-job
training methods employees of Sainsbury feels motivated and they can easily recognize their work
performance. The major benefits acquired by using such methods are greater staff productivity,
motivated staff as well as employees with better skills. It is very much beneficial for workers to
attend different seminars and workshops organized by company. It is the best way through which
they can easily increase and enhance their motivation level of employee by developing better skills
and knowledge of workers. With the help of this they can perform all their tasks in an effective
manner and it is the best way through which they can provide high quality services to all their
customers. Moreover, sometimes employees may feel disappointed due to their lower performance.
They should reach up to the level of extent where they can meet out the performance of other
employees (Pattanayak, 2005). Further, off-the-job training has several benefits as well as
disadvantages that might leads to increase the satisfaction level of employee whether it incurs extra
cost for organizing such activities. In addition to this, Sainsbury also provides on-the-job training to
their employees such as coaching, mentoring, one-on-one interaction etc. different departments of
the company can easily perform their tasks if they feel motivates. Top management team started
one-on-one session with all their workers in which they can better present themselves by telling
several issues faced by them.
With the help of this employees feel motivated and perform their tasks in an effective
manner. Coaching, mentoring, apprenticeship is the best process used by Sainsbury through which
they can set the proper structure of company by monitoring. After going through the coaching
sessions employees can enhance their knowledge level on some specific topics on which coaching
is provided to them. According to the working criteria of company there are different teams and
team leaders monitoring the performance of the overall team. With the guidance of team leaders
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employees can perform all their tasks in an effective manner. Further it has been identified that
there are various advantages as well as disadvantages of different training methods used by
Sainsbury (Prince, 2011). They should try to overcome with such issues in order to provide best
training to their employees.
2.3
In order to any personal development programs or training event it is essential for company
to create a best suitable learning plan through which employees can learn and develop their skills. It
is essential to have a active participation of management team as well as fully employee
contribution. As per this contribution they can use systematic approach of training and
development. They need to create a training system through which they can easily detect all the
problems faced by them. In order to choose a realistic approach a discussion should takes place
among all the members of the management. Top management team of the company can go through
the discussion with all their employees. With the help of this they can collect various findings from
the issues faced by them (Soliman and Spooner, 2000). Management teams of the company reviews
the feasibility of the process and judges its effectiveness. It comes under the systematic point
through which company can plan better training event. For thus, the manager will share all these
findings and made the corrections where required. According to this approach it needs to be
ensuring that training begins and ends with the needs and demands of the company. In this approach
mainly five stages will be carrying out by company such as analysis, design, development,
implementation and evaluation.
At the time of developing appropriate plan it is essential to go through the systematic
approach so that all points are taken into consideration. With the help of following the above given
stages company can easily provide right training to all the newly joined employees. For example: if
company needs to provide training to the employees of marketing and sales and they need to
provide them brief specification about these departments. A proper training should be provided to
all these employees on the basis of proper communication. They should communication with their
customers in an effective manner. In addition to this, it can be stated that company should follow
most appropriate and systematic training plan and approach for any training event.
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TASK 3
3.1
One of the most important task for any company is to assess whether the changes takes place
within the training event or not. It is quite essential to measure the relevance of the event as per the
requirements of company. There are several techniques through which company can easily evaluate
the impact of these training programs such as observation, impact on performance etc. while
assessing such events it is quite essential to measure the improvements took place. It is the best way
through which employees can adopt several benefits (Johnson, 2001). In addition to this, a proper
documentation is being formed through which Sainsbury can improve can improve their service
quality as well as efficiency level of all their staff members. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of
a training program they can use Kirkpatrick model of training evaluation. This theoretical model is
based on the four type of training level such as:
 Reaction:It is the evaluating the reaction of trainees at the time of training. By monitoring
the evaluation of trainees, training manager can feel that training is valuable or not. In order
to evaluate the training method it is the best method adopted by company through which
they can measure that how well training was received by audience.
 Learning: In order to evaluate the training event it is essential to measure that how well
trainees go through the training session and how they have increased their knowledge.
 Behavior: Based on the received training trainee manager can identify that how far their
trainees have changed their behavior based (Deckop, 2006). It is the best way through which
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employees can identify their enhanced learning skills.
 Results: It is the last stage of the model which determines the final results of the overall
training event on the basis of reaction, changes in behavior and enhanced learning skills.
Further, the above given process is the best suitable process or technique for the proper evaluation
of the training event.
3.2
In order to evaluate the training process Sainsbury takes several measures. The overall
training provided to newly joined employees so that they can enhance their knowledge and learning.
In order to evaluate the training event it is essential to measure the future growth with the developed
plan. Here, all the points required to be carried out as per the concern of company and all the
requirements must be fulfilled by this. In order to evaluate the training Sainsbury need to implement
the event at the workplace. After this, they requires to measure the performance of all their
employees as well as improvements as per their past performance. It is the best way to evaluate
whether a training is working properly to train people or they are able to enhance their level of
performance of not. In addition to this, return on investment is another most effective area through
which company can easily measure the level of performance that is also used to evaluate the
efficiency of an investment. It is the best process through which company can determine what
specific return of investment a person can get (Ruysseveldt, 2004). It can be calculated by dividing
the cost of investment.
CIRO is another technique which describes as a compact RIO program. With the help of
such program company can easily control their action of parameters. It is the best way through
which they can the effectiveness of their training event. Training event that is developed by
Sainsbury was quite effective as it mainly focused with the developing knowledge and skills of the
employees. After going through the problems that were faced while implementing trainee event a
feasible solution will be developed in overcome with such problems (Wei, 2006). Moreover, they
provide various on-the-job as well as off-the-job training to their employees through which they can
enhance their skills and knowledge.
3.3
The above implemented plan is quite effective and beneficial for the company as it helps
them in generating more revenues as well as larger market share. Moreover, it is very successful
plan as it helps in providing appropriate training to all their customers (Guest, 2001). It is the best
way through which company can easily attract larger number of customers. Further, there are
various benefits and limitations of using different evaluation methods. With the help of the
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Kirkpatrick model of training evaluation they can easily review that how well they can provide
training to employees. It is the best way through which they can measure the performance of all
their employees. BY using ROI method they can measure their financial efficiency of investment
opportunity. It is that it is not only guide to capital efficiency but also offers the possibility of
comparing the efficiency in the use of capital within the company.
TASK 4
4.1
Role of government in field of providing training, development and lifelong learning to
businesses and their employees cannot be neglected. It is a fact that one of the most important thing
that all companies have to do is follow all rules and regulations that are created by government.
Sainsbury also understands this and it tries to be updated with all rules that are announced by EU.
Government of UK is very proactive and it plays very crucial role in developing human resource of
both public and private sector in an appropriate manner. Sainsbury comes under retail industry and
role of this particular industry in UK and its economy is enormous. Government creates different
rules and regulations which are made for welfare of employees like proper training should be given
to them, company should give them proper wages, health and safety practices should;d be followed,
etc (Berger, 2008). Because these rules are mandatory, it becomes necessary for all companies to
follow them in proper manner otherwise they will have to pay very heavy taxes. In order to generate
life-long learning of workers, government tries to generate self-motivated learning. They also create
different camps and seminars in which all of these people are invited and are taught about their
rights and how they can become more efficient. All these things generate motivation among
employees and they become self-sufficient. Further, proper audits are also conducted in each
company to check whether training is given to employees or not. Sainsbury knows the importance
of all such laws so they provide efficient training, create value for employees, give them proper
safety, etc so that they can develop themselves and help company to fulfill all its goals and objective
and gain competitive advantage.
4.2
There has been a great impact of all these development competencies on both public and
private sectors. Competition in market of UK is increasing day by day and that is forcing all
companies to increase learning and sharing environment within organization. Sainsbury is also
giving proper attention on this matter as it is regularly trying to increase the standards of all its
employees by developing them, increasing their skills and many more (Chatzoglou, 2008). Most of
the organizations in UK are investing huge amounts in providing training and development o all
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their workers so that their performance and competencies can be improved in best possible ways.
All these things allows companies to create a unique brand image in market which increases their
market share as well as give them a competitive advantage. Sainsbury is one of the most popular
retail companies in UK and is main aim to serve customers in most appropriate ways so that they
can become loyal customers. Sainsbury has understood the value of motivation and because of that
it is using methods like performance appraisals, training, bonuses, etc. to improve working level of
employees. Further, because of this development competency movement. Making good relations
with customers have become very important so Sainsbury is guiding and training its employees to
maintain friendly working environment in company and to treat each and every customer with full
respect (Lane and Kangulec, 2010). Also, in order to keep in pace with development, companies are
now realizing the importance of educational goals ad for that all companies are now referring to
NVQs and GNVQs government policies. This particular concept has changed the working culture
of all organizations and now they are becoming more and more educational an are also aiming
growth of company with the growth of all its employees.
4.3
As discussed above, government of UK is becoming proactive day by day in improving the
conditions of workers in retail sector and for that they have introduced different training programs
which are directly improving conditions of Human Resources department of organizations.
Recently, contemporary learning program was initiated by government and main aim of
government behind this initiative was to provide faster development and increase strength of the
human resources of both private and public organizations. This learning initiative proved very
successful and created a faster learning curve in organizations (Ruysseveldt, 2004). It made
organizations very active in the field of human resources and conditions of workers also improved a
lot. Different scopes in terms of qualitative and quantitative learning were offered to employees
which were very wide and were also presented by government in a broad way. All these things
directly affected Human Resources department of different organizations by making them more
concerned towards the development and welfare of employees. In order to contribute more to this
particular department various other initiatives were also taken like providing financial resources to
set up frameworks works for development of employees. All these things helped company;s to
become more efficient in all terms. Further, these training programs were created in such a manner
that it helped economy of country also by bringing stability and continuous growth (Lou, 2007).
Other than this, government has more plans in future to develop more quantitative training
programs so that good working atmosphere can be created all over country.
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CONCLUSION
By summing up this report it can be said that Sainsbury is one of the fastest growing retail
company in the world which has established itself in best form. It is providing continuous training
and developing employees in best manner. Human Resource Department of company is very active
and is trying hard to make company best in terms of employee retention. However, there are some
gaps but all these things can be improved by developing regularly.
Human resource Development has become a basic necessities for all companies around the
world because without this no company can improve its performance. It can also be seen that
developing learning and good culture has become very important in organizations in order to gain
competitive advantage in this competitive market. Role of UK government in improving the
condition of HRD departments of organizations cannot be neglected. So, it can be said that
developing and managing Human Resources in company will allow companies to get proper
advantage in market.
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