Digital Technologies and Project Management

The provided document appears to be a compilation of research papers and articles related to digital technologies and project management. It covers various aspects such as cloud computing, building information modeling (BIM), energy efficiency improvements, and the role of digital technologies in numeracy teaching and learning. The document also touches upon topics like managing business analytics projects, deconstructing digital natives, and the fast forward MBA in project management. Overall, it provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research in this field.

RESEARCH
PROJECT

Table of Contents
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................................1
1.1 EasyJet airline is always improving their digital technology by increasing the use of
mobile apps ............................................................................................................................1
1.2 Investigate all digital technology process and the tools to implement them into EasyJet 2
1.3 Research the implications in how will affect the business new technology software......2
1.4 Differentiating through digital technology can be challenging for EasyJet ....................3
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.............................................................................4
3.1 Type of Investigation........................................................................................................4
3.2 Research Design...............................................................................................................5
3.3 Research Philosophy........................................................................................................5
3.4 Research Approach...........................................................................................................5
3.5 Data Collection.................................................................................................................5
3.6 Data Sampling..................................................................................................................6
3.7 Ethical Consideration.......................................................................................................6
CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS..................................................................................................8
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.....................................................21
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................23
.......................................................................................................................................................24

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
This part of the research is identify as a scholarly articles, survey books and many other
relevant sources about research area, particular issue or theory. It provides a summary, critical
evaluation and descriptions of these works regarding specific problem in research which is being
investigated. Such part of investigation are designed or planned to render an brief introduction of
sources that they have explored while investigating a specific topic. Main purpose of literature
review is to place each and every activity in the relation of its efforts to knowing the research
issue being studied (Sharon and Dori, 2015). Another motive is to recognise innovative ways to
understand prior research. It is mainly based on the research objective which is essential for the
business entity to identify basic problem in research program.
1.1 EasyJet airline is always improving their digital technology by increasing the use of mobile
apps
Digital technology is one of the main and foremost tool which is used by the each and
every organisation to maximise customer base and gain competitive edge within predetermined
period of time. As per the point of view of Porwal and Hewage, (2013) digital technology on
EasyJet has made large number of advancements in across the globe. There are certain parts of
digitalisation that can be considered in airline industry such as replacing the manual operations
and activities by the digitalised. With the support of laptops, internet, mobile phones and many
other information gadgets. Mobile Apps is significant and important for the Easy get to easily
increase customer base in the organisation. It also supports to analysis the better chances and
growth. Along with this, digitalisation also involves certain limitation in ways of demotivation
and low accuracy in form of effective possibility and task in order to grab opportunity. It consists
data storage and data security restriction in way of low performance. EasyJet always improving
digitalisation because its benefited to them to fulfil basic needs and wants of the customers in a
systematic manner. In this they add new features in their mobile apps such as east check-in, fast
booking and many other. All these are benefited and assist the airline industry in way to gain
competitive advantages within predetermined period of time. In 2013 EasyJet added a mobile
boarding function to our app, allowing our clients to check in less than ten seconds, store and
download their boarding passes on Android phones. Our award winning mobile app follows our
1

passengers in order to book, check in for flights and download mobile boarding passes as well as
receive real-time data on flight status.
1.2 Investigate all digital technology process and the tools to implement them into EasyJet
Digital technology process and tools are significant for the development and growth of
company in limited time period. As per the point of view of Marston, (2011) process of digital
technology includes customer relationship management, standard software, process execution
and enterprise resource planning. All these are implemented by the EasyJet with purpose to
maximise customer response and achieve long term goals and objectives. These are also support
the organisation to maximise their sales and revenues because digitalisation save cost and time of
the company. On the other hand Leach, (2014) tools of digital technology such as internet,
mobile application, E-Commerce, social media and many other. All these are essential and
important for the airline industry to maximise their sales. It also assist them to maximise their
reputation and goodwill in different marketplace. Thus, use of digital technology in the business
operations and activities highly benefited for the business to improve their growth and success at
global level.
1.3 Research the implications in how will affect the business new technology software.
According to the Ryan and Campbell, (2012) Technology software highly effects on the
business operations and activities in direct way. There are some impacts of technology software
in the airline industry which are determined as below:
Improved communication: According to Thomas, (2011) in order to implement
digitalisation in the operations of company, it benefited them to improve their communication.
Thus it assist them to maintain employees turnover and accomplish their long term objectives
and targets easily. Business technology supports the businesses enhance their communication
processes in a systematic manner. Emails, websites texting and apps, for instance, facilitate
enhanced communication with travellers. Using several kind of information technology
communication approach enable organization to change the economic marketplace with their
message.
Increased Productivity: Technology software in the EasyJet is highly essential for them
to maximise their productivity. As per the point of view of Verzuh, (2015) company can
maximise their employees' productivity via the apply of technology. Business software and
Computer program normally allow worker to process more data than extremity approach.
2

Business owners of the EasyJet can also utilize business technology with purpose to decrease the
number of human labour in their operations. It also effects on the motivation and performance of
employees, for instance, by placing employee-performance appraisal data in an online
framework, superordinate can easily develop measurable goals and objectives for their workforce
to reach and sustain organisation targets.
1.4 Differentiating through digital technology can be challenging for EasyJet
According to the Viaene, (2011) digitalisation can be challenging or difficult for the
EasyJet. There are various challenges which are faced by the company are determined as below:
Competition: According to the Van den Bunder, (2011)It is one of the main challenge
that faced by EasyJet while implementing digital technology in its business operations and
activities. If their are a various number of airlines then there will be many flights for clients to
compare. Thence in both development and recession people that will want to acquire the
inexpensive deal. In cause of growth people will have maximum amount of fund and can acquire
any price within intellection but in under recession people that don’t have as more money and
thence want to have the inexpensive flights. EasyJet must then have to boost their deals in a
improved way so that they increase more profit. All these are possible with the help of
digitalisation.
Cost associated with training and development: In order to implement digitation one of
the biggest issue which is faced by business is providing training and development to the
workforce. In this they require maximum amount of the money and time which is not good for
the business performance and productivity. It also effects on the business image at global and
international marketplace. According to the Ryan, (2012) training and development is more
needed part for the success and growth of company. Such training is mainly based on the
information about digital technology which benefited for the company to maximise their sales
and profitability.
3

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is an essential and useful process which is used by the
investigator in order to gather data and information for the motive of making business decisions.
Such kind of research part may include interviews, publication research, surveys, interviews and
many other research tools. It could include both historical and present information which help
the company to maximise customer response in the organisation (Smith, Gonin and Besharov,
2013). It is also identify as a theoretical and systematic analysis of the approach which is
followed to a study field. It comprises the theoretical evaluation of the research approach and
principles related with a branch of skills or knowledge. In this investigator gather accurate and
relevant information which can support in the decision making process for business effectively.
Research methodology includes various parts which are important for the researcher to find out
needs and wants of customers about business products, process, services and so on.
3.1 Type of Investigation
It is identified as necessary and main part of research method which supports investigator
in order to analysis research nature. In this, investigator has different roles and duties in order to
find out accurate types of research either qualitative and quantitative (Leach, 2014). Both are
valuable for the business entity to analysis proper amount of information. These kind of research
are explain as below:
Qualitative research: It is an effective method of inquiry that creates understanding on social
sciences and human, to analysis the way of thinking and feeling of people (Stoshikj, Kryvinska
and Strauss, 2014). It includes different elements such as in-depth interviews, focus groups and
reviews of documents for specific kind of research topics or themes.
Quantitative Research: It is another method of research that is applied to generate hard facts and
numerical data, by employing mathematical, logical and statistical techniques. This type of
research consider various aspects such as observation, structured interviews, reviews of records,
surveys or documents for numeric information (Viaene and Van den Bunder, 2011).
Both types of research method are essential but in this present research is based on
qualitative approach. It is more valuable and useful because it render accurate amount of the data
to the business or investigator.
4

3.2 Research Design
It is another effective and important part of research study which is refers to the entire
strategy that they select in order to integrate the various elements of study logically and
coherently. With the help of this matter, researcher easily overcome all issues or problems which
arise during the research program. It is one of the effective tool that maximizes the reliability of
information and minimizes bias. It also provides more information, yields minimum research
error and renders various parts of a particular issue (Marston and et. al., 2011). Research design
which is mainly depends on the nature and purpose of research issue. This part of research
divided into various parts including exploratory, descriptive and experimental but current
research is mainly based on descriptive design.
3.3 Research Philosophy
This type of research is deals with the development, nature and source of knowledge. In
other words, it is a belief regarding the way in which information about a phenomenon that
should be used, analysed and gathered. It is important for the researcher to gather information
and evaluate them through various writers and authors. This kind of research is classified either
positivism and interpretavisim (Porwal and Hewage, 2013). Those are valuable but present
research is only based on interpretavisim because it give accurate information to the company.
3.4 Research Approach
It is another main and effective tool of research which is useful because it help the
investigator to move forward in accurate direction. Research approach has two different parts
such as inductive and deductive. These are useful for the investigator to collect accurate amount
of the information related to specific themes. In this current research that is mainly based on
inductive approach because it give accurate information which is essential for the growth and
development of company.
3.5 Data Collection
It is another process of collecting and calculating data on targeted variables in an
effective and systematic manner (Verzuh, 2015). This part of the research is divided into two
parts one is primary research and another is secondary research. Both are important which are
determined as below:
5

Primary: It defined as firsthand, factual accounts of the research which is written by an
individual who was main part of study. It includes different parts such as interviews,
questionnaires, surveys, focus group and visits to challengers locations.
Secondary: It is identified as an interpretation and analysis of primary research. It has
already been organised, gathered, published and compiled by others (Ryan and Campbell,
2012). It covers studies and reports by trade associations, government agencies and many other
industry.
Both types of data collection methods are important but in current research is based on
primary because in this researcher prepared a questionnaires and develop a sample size. Thus, it
support the company to easily identify customers requirement regarding specified theme and
research topics in an effective and efficient manner.
3.6 Data Sampling
It is also categorised as an important instrument of research which is followed by
investigator in grasp such kind of research (Thomas, 2011). Data sampling is depict as a
statistical analysis tool that applied to manipulate, analyze and select a representative subset of
information points to recognise trends and patterns in the more data set being analysed. In order
to acquire relevant and proper data, investigator used sample size of 30 respondents.
3.7 Ethical Consideration
It is another important and valuable aspect of the research project which assist the
researcher to analysis all research issue in proper and accurate manner. During organising an
effective research program, investigator faces various problems and conflict. There are most
essential principles about ethical considerations which are shown as below:
1. Research associate should not be capable to injury in any part whatsoever.
2. Regard for the pride of research player should be precedence.
3. Full accept should be acquire from the involver prior to the research study.
4. The security of the secrecy of investigation person has to be assured.
5. Accurate level of confidentiality of the data about research that should be check.
6. Anonymity of persons and enterprise involving in the research program that has to be
secured.
7. Any misrepresentation or exaggeration regarding the research aims and objectives must
be ignored.
6

8. Associate in any forms and sources of financing, as well as any possible battle of
curiosity have to be asserted.
9. Any kind of communication in connection to the research project should be finished with
transparency and honesty.
10. Any kind of misleading data, as well as description of primary information assemblage in
a influenced way that must be deflect.
7

CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS
Data analysis is consider as an important part of research which is prepare by researcher
with motive to analysis perception of customers towards airline services, process and
digitalisation. Different kinds of techniques and methods are followed by an investigator in order
to accomplish the final results of research significantly. The collected data or information which
is being followed in such kind of research project which is accumulated through applying
questionnaire as the collection technique of research project. This part of research can related
with the them of research project which is planned as per the research question.
8

Questionnaire
Q 1) Is Digital tools affecting your Business's growth and success of
organisation?
Frequency
 Yes 16
 No 4
Q 2) Which technique Easy Jet is applying for consumer gratification and ease
of their business activities and operations?
Frequency
 Digital functioned system 6
 Cloud technology 5
 Broadband 5
 E-commerce 4
Q 3) Which operations and activities of Easy jet is majorly impacted by the
digitalisation disruption?
Frequency
 Online Marketing 7
 Advertisement 5
 Sale 3
 Supporting Connectivity 5
Q 4) What are the innovative invented technologies and tools followed by Easy
Jet that is helping in their operations?
Frequency
 Mototoks 6
 Hybrid Vehicles 5
 High Security system 4
 Cloud technique 6
Q 5) What is the digital technology effect on performance and profitability of
business of Easy Jet?
Frequency
 Enhance profitability 5
9

 High efficiency in production 5
 High productivity 5
 Increase of knowledge 5
Q 6) What are the hoped-for technological advancement which Easy Jet can be
selected by business entity for development?
Frequency
 Connectivity 8
 Tracking, sensors and biometric technology 5
 Virtual Reality 3
 Cloud Solution 4
Q7) What are the use of mobile apps adding new features to adapt customer
needs.
 Attract large number of customers 14
 Increase profitability 6
Q8) If digital technology process and the tools support the business to maintain
strong position at marketplace?
 Yes 15
 No 5
Q9) What are the effects on implementing new technology software in the
EasyJet?
 Improved Communication 10
 Increased Productivity 10
Q10) What are the Challenges face by EasyJet while implementing digital
technology in their business operations?
 Competitions 17
 Training and development 3
10

Q 11) Give your recommendation according to the performance and
profitability level of business entity in marketplace.
Theme 1: E-Commerce lead to growth and success
Q 1) Is E-Commerce affecting your Business's
growth and success of organisation?
Frequency
 Yes 16
 No 4
Interpretation: As per this graph that shown about the advantage of E-Commerce for the growth
and development of company at marketplace. Beside this, 16 out 20 respondents are say yes and
4 are not response about such concepts. It is good for the business to maximise their turnover and
revenue.
11
16
4
Yes
No

Theme 2: Digital system and E-Commerce is most opted tools in Easy Jet
Q 2) Which technique Easy Jet is applying for
consumer gratification and ease of their
business activities and operations?
Frequency
 Digital functioned system 6
 Cloud technology 5
 Broadband 5
 E-commerce 4
12

Interpretation: As per this graph that determined the what type of tools are more useful
and valuable for the Easy Jet. Beside this 6 out of 20 are prefer digital functioned system, 5 are
choose cloud technology, 5 are apply broadband and other 4 respondents are choose E-
commerce. All these technology are essential for the development and progress of business.
Theme 3: Sales upliftment and online marketing can be accomplished through digitalisation
Q 3) Which operations and activities of Easy
jet is majorly impacted by the digitalisation
disruption?
Frequency
 Online Marketing 7
 Advertisement 5
 Sale 3
 Supporting Connectivity 5
13
6
5
5
4
Digital functioned system
Cloud technology
Broadband
E-commerce

Interpretation: As per this graph that shown about the which technology are more useful
and accurate for the Easy Jet. In this 7 out of 20 respondents are prefer online marketing, 5 are
say that it is essential for the advertisement, 5 are sales and 3 are agree that it is supporting
connectivity for the organisation.
Theme 4: Easy Jet use high technologies for their functioning operations
Q4) What are the innovative invented
technologies and tools followed by Easy Jet
that is helping in their operations?
Frequency
 Mototoks 6
 Hybrid Vehicles 5
 High Security system 4
 Cloud technique 6
14
7
5
3
5
Online Marketing
Advertisement
Sale
Supporting Connectivity

Interpretation: This graph determined the use of high technology in the business
operations and functions of Easy Jet. In this 6 out of 20 respondents are use such technology for
mototoks, 5 are hybrid vehicles, other 4 are high security system and rest of the population are
use such technology for attract large number of customers.
Theme 5: E-Commerce effect on performance and profitability
Q5) What is the E-Commerce effect on
performance and profitability of business of
Easy Jet?
Frequency
 Enhance profitability 5
 High efficiency in production 5
 High productivity 5
 Increase of knowledge 5
15
6
5 4
6
Mototoks
Hybrid Vehicles
High Security system
Cloud technique

Interpretation: As per this graph that determined the impact of E-Commerce on profitability and
performance of company. In this 5 respondents are say it enhance profitability, 5 are agree it is
increase efficiency level in production, 5 are believe that it help in higher productivity and rest of
5 respondents are agree about it maximise knowledge of employees.
Theme 6: Easy Jet can enhance their system via continuous system advancement
Q6) What are the hoped-for technological
advancement which Easy Jet can be selected by
business entity for development?
Frequency
 Connectivity 8
 Tracking, sensors and biometric technology 5
 Virtual Reality 3
 Cloud Solution 4
16
5
5 5
5
Enhance profitability
High efficiency in production
High productivity
Increase of knowledge

Interpretation: From the above mentioned graph that determined about the selection of
technology with purpose to enhance business system in an effective and efficient manner. In this
8 respondents are say it connect the employees, 5 are Tracking, sensors and biometric
technology, 3 are Virtual Reality and rest of the part of population are choose it for cloud
solutions.
Theme 7: Use of Mobile apps
Q7) What are the use of mobile apps adding
new features to adapt customer needs.
Frequency
 Attract large number of customers 14
 Increase profitability 6
17
8
5
3
4
Connectivity
Tracking, sensors and
biometric technology
Virtual Reality
Cloud Solution

Interpretation: As per the above mentioned graph that shown about the use of mobile
application in the business operations and activities. In this 14 out of 20 respondents are say it is
effective for the airline industry to maximise customers base as rest of the population are say it
assist the business to maximise their productivity.
Theme 8: Importance of digital technology process and tools
Q8) If digital technology process and the tools
support the business to maintain strong
position at marketplace?
Frequency
 Yes 15
 No 5
18
14
6
Attract large number of
customers
Increase profitability

Implementation: As per this graph that determined about the significance of digital
process and tool in the operations and activities of EasyJet. In this 15 out of 20 respondents are
say yes it is more essential for the growth and development of company. 5 out of 30 are not agree
about such concepts.
Theme 9: Effects of technology software
Q9) What are the effects on implementing new
technology software in the EasyJet?
Frequency
 Communication 10
 Training and development 10
19
15
5
Yes
No

Interpretation: This graph shown about the effectiveness of technology software in the business
activities and operations. In this half-half population has positive effects about it improved
communication and increased productivity of the company within predetermined period of time.
Theme 10: Challenges face by EasyJet while applying digitalisation
Q10) What are the Challenges face by EasyJet
while implementing digital technology in their
business operations?
Frequency
 Competitions 17
 Training and development 3
20
10 10 Communication
Training and development

Interpretation: As per the above mentioned graph that determined about the challenges which
are faced by the EasyJet while implementing digital tools and techniques. In this 17 out of 20
respondents are say implementing digital tools company face competition and rest of the
population are say it is difficult for the organisation by providing training and development to the
customers about digital technology.
21
17
3
Competitions
Training and development

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Conclusion:
From the above mentioned information it has been concluded that digitalisation in the
business operations and activities highly benefited to the company to save their time as well as
cost also. One of the best and essential example of digital technology which is used by Airline
industry is E-Commerce. It is identify as a cost effective and important tool because with the use
of this company easily attract wide range of customers in limited time duration. In order to
identify customers wants and needs, business entity organise a research program. Research is
classified into various parts which support the firm to maximise their sales and revenues. In this
researcher prepare a questionnaire and conduct a survey, both are valuable part of research which
support the investigator to recognise travellers perception about digitalisation and services which
are offers by organisation. Research is one of the best aspects for the each and every business
because with the help of this they can easily identify customer's requirement. In order to fulfill
this, airline industry provide their all effective services at affordable cost to the travellers.
Recommendation:
From the above mentioned report it has been recommended that digital technology is an
essential and valuable part for the company to accomplish their goals and targets easily. There
are some recommendation for the Easy Jet which are explain as below:
Use other different kind of digital tools: In order to maximise customer base in the
organisation, airline industry should use another effective tool of digital technology. In this they
try to follows social media, internet, online marketing and many other. All these technologies are
highly essential and beneficial for them to improve their growth and success at different
marketplace. Further, it is essential for the industry to maximise their profitability and gain
competitive advantages easily.
Offer variety in services at affordable price: It is another recommendation which should
be apply by airline industry with purpose to attain their long term objectives and goals within
predetermined time period. It will also support the enterprise to compete their challengers and
increase their sales also. Variety in services is most essential and valuable for the company to
keep their strong position and goodwill at marketplace.
Maximise their services: In today's world, Easy Jet provide large number of services
which help them to maximise their turnover. Beside this, they should try to add another
22

beneficial and attractive services such as discount on tickets, family package and many other. All
these are highly beneficial for the development and progress of organisation in few time
duration. Therefore, it assist them to increase their reputation over their challengers.
23

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Sharon, A. and Dori, D., 2015. A Project–product model–based approach to planning work
breakdown structures of complex system projects. IEEE Systems Journal. 9(2). pp.366-
376.
Smith, W. K., Gonin, M. and Besharov, M. L., 2013. Managing social-business tensions: A
review and research agenda for social enterprise. Business Ethics Quarterly. 23(3).
pp.407-442.
Stoshikj, M., Kryvinska, N. and Strauss, C., 2014. Efficient managing of complex programs with
project management services. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management. 15(1).
pp.25-38.
Leach, L. P., 2014. Critical chain project management. Artech House.
Marston, S. and et. al., 2011. Cloud computing—The business perspective. Decision support
systems. 51(1). pp.176-189.
Porwal, A. and Hewage, K. N., 2013. Building Information Modeling (BIM) partnering
framework for public construction projects. Automation in Construction. 31. pp.204-
214.
Ryan, L. and Campbell, N., 2012. Spreading the net: the multiple benefits of energy efficiency
improvements.
Thomas, M. ed., 2011. Deconstructing digital natives: Young people, technology, and the new
literacies. Taylor & Francis.
Verzuh, E., 2015. The fast forward MBA in project management. John Wiley & Sons.
Viaene, S. and Van den Bunder, A., 2011. The secrets to managing business analytics projects.
MIT Sloan Management Review. 53(1). p.65.
Awais Ahmad Tipu, S. and Manzoor Arain, F., 2011. Managing success factors in
entrepreneurial ventures: a behavioral approach. International Journal of
Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research. 17(5). pp.534-560.
Bakker, R. M. and et. al., 2011. Managing the project learning paradox: A set-theoretic approach
toward project knowledge transfer. International journal of project management. 29(5).
pp.494-503.
Basu, R., 2014. Managing quality in projects: An empirical study. International journal of
project management. 32(1). pp.178-187.
Geraldi, J. and Lechter, T., 2012. Gantt charts revisited: A critical analysis of its roots and
implications to the management of projects today. International Journal of Managing
Projects in Business. 5(4). pp.578-594.
Sweetser, K.D., English, K. and Fernandes, J., 2015. Super PACs and strong relationships: The
impact of digital interaction on the political organization–public relationship. Journal of
Public Relations Research. 27(2). pp.101-117.
Svensson, P., 2013. Humanities computing as digital humanities (pp. 159-86). Farnham,
England: Ashgate.
Geiger, V., Goos, M. and Dole, S., 2015. The role of digital technologies in numeracy teaching
and learning. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education. 13(5).
pp.1115-1137.
Online
24