Human Resource Management: Concepts and Applications

This assignment provides an overview of human resource management, covering its basics, applications, and future directions. It discusses the role of HR in organizations, including recruitment, training, and development. The assignment also explores the impact of HR on employee creativity and firm innovation, highlighting the moderating role of firm ownership. Additionally, it touches upon the importance of trust, job satisfaction, perceived organizational performance, and turnover intention in public-private sector comparison.

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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Role and purpose of human resource management ..............................................................1
1.2 Creation of HR plan .............................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Description on the access of current state of employment relations.....................................4
2.2 Discussion on how employment law affects the management of human resource within
British Airways. ........................................................................................................................5
TASK 3 ...........................................................................................................................................6
3.1 Discussion of job description and personal specification for cabin crew. ...........................6
2. Comparison of selection processes of transport for London and British Airways (Cabin
Crew)...........................................................................................................................................7
TASK 4 ...........................................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
.......................................................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Human resource management is the important approach to impressive administration of
company that help to increase competitive advantages. It is created to enhanced workers'
execution in services of employer's strategical goals. Human resource divisions are for sighted
employee benefits design, recruitment, training and development, performance appraisal etc.
Some of employment laws are involved in human resources practices(Oke, 2016). This study is
based on British Airways. It is the flag carrier and largest airline in UK. This airway is based in
Waterside near its main hub at London Heathrow Airport. This report will analysis of role and
purpose of human resource management and creation of HR plan which is based on analysis of
supply and demand. It will assess current state of employment relations and its effects on human
resource management. It will discuss job description and personal specification from
organization to complete task. Furthermore, report will assess contribution of training and
development activities to effective operations.
TASK 1
1.1 Role and purpose of human resource management
Human resource management:
Human resource management is procedure of creating efficient and impressive utilize of
human resource for achieving of goals and objectives. It is preparation, forming and guiding of
acquisition growth compensation combination, maintenance and alteration of human resource to
end that single person, company for achieving social gaols(Wehrmeyer, 2017). There are many
concepts involves planning and forecasting, procedure of hiring, contract of employment etc.
Role of Human resource management:
HRM plays various role in such building commitment, capacity, addressing issues,
working together etc. in the British Airways. Another roles involve staffing, development of
workplace policies, compensation and benefits management, retention, training and
development, dealing with laws affecting employment etc.
Training and development: It is important role that play by human resource to develop
new skills and knowledge in their work. Training is key factor in motivation of workers. There
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are various training programs such as training on communication, team building actions, job
skills training, policy and legal preparation.
Worker Protection: Employees safety is important thinking in British Airways. HR
manager make sure that giving protection needs and meeting both federal and union standards in
the workplace. There are many issues relating to employees safety that involve chemical hazards,
heating and improvement needs, security of private information of workers.
Compensation and benefits management: HR manager of British Airways requires
defining that compensation is fair, meets standards and high enough stimulate to perform for
company(Baum, ed., 2016). It involves setting up pay scheme that take into thought same jobs
are being paid. There are many examples includes in compensation of workers such as, pay,
health benefits, leisure time, sick leaves, bonus etc.
Purpose of human resource management:
The main purpose of human resource management is to effective planning of human
resource, increasing level of workers, enhance capabilities and abilities to well perform for
completing task. This main purpose of HRM is building relationship between employees and
giving training as well as development, developing skills and experience of employees in the
workplace.
Human resource planning: The major purpose of human resource management is to
impressive planing of human resource in the British Airways. It determines capabilities company
requirements to fulfil its objectives as well as acquires appropriate workers.
Increase productivity: The important purpose of human resource management is to
enhance productiveness of British Airways as well as its workers. Therefore, HR manager make
sure that effective planning human resource and workforce in the workplace.
Soft HRM: This type of human resource focus on concentrate on requirements of
workers, their responsibilities, rewards and motivation etc. The strategic centralize on long term
manpower planning and strong two way communication(Soft and Hard human resource
management, 2017).
Hard HRM: The main direction of this HRM is to determine requirements of British
Airways, so that on the basis of it, HR manager manage and hire workforce. In this, giving
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instruction to single person instead of empowering and delegating responsibility. The focus on
short term workforce planing.
1.2 Creation of HR plan
British Airways required number of staff, analysis of demand and supply, working hours
to deliver new flights services to Madeira. Therefore, HR manager creates human resource plan
for service of organization.
Requirement of Human resource: HR manager of British Airways needs to forecast
human resource to deliver new flight services to Madeira. It includes demand and supply
forecasting for human resource for new service. Demand forecasting is procedure of defining
requirements in terms of quality that means need of number of employees and quality that refers
level of talent to meet needs of company(Wehrmeyer, 2017). There are many jobs in flights
services such as cabin crew, Airhostess, pilot, flight dispatchers and aviation meteorologist.
More than 19 but less than 51 passengers on board one flight attendant as well as 50 but less than
101 passengers on boards two flight attendants.
Staff roles and responsibilities: Human resource manager needs to workforce for
delivering new flight services to Madeira. There are many roles and responsibilities of staff such
as providing impressive customer services, their health and safety, food and beverage facilities in
flight, checking status and activity of emergency instruments as well as info for travellers. For
this, HR manager give appropriate training for completing their roles and responsibilities while
delivering new flights to Madeira.
Working hours: Human resource manager make sure that decide working hours of staff
for services. It is very important to decide effective working hours, because of, females are
working as an Airhostess in flights to deliver different service to customer who are travelling to
Madeira. Longer working hours is difficult for female candidates. Therefore, HR manager decide
working hours to staff. As an Airhostess, working minimum of nine hours of rest after shift of
any length. They fly between 75 and 90 hours per month and spending about 50 hours in other
work related activities. The working hours of flight attendants more than 150 flights hours or 200
duty hours. Crew work around 75-125 flight hours per month.
Identify internal and external factors: HR manager of British Airways needs to
identify internal and external factors that affects on new services. Internal factors includes
workers, human resource, administration etc(Oke, 2016). On other hand, external elements
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includes customers, economy, competitors etc. These components are highly affected to deliver
new flight services to Madeira.
Therefore, HR manager make sure that effective planning of human resource to deliver
new flight service to Madeira. They should proper identification of different factors, staff
requirement and analysis of demand and supply for new service. Impressive human resource
planning changes in environment of British Airways.
TASK 2
2.1 Description on the access of current state of employment relations.
Employee relations plays crucial role in order to manage the relation between employee
and employers (Liu and et.al., 2017). The enterprise with better and effective relation program
work as provide the fair and consistent treatment to all employees. Furthermore, British Airways
works hard to maintain the better relations between the employees so that organisational
activities can be done in proficient manner. There are the following access of current state of
employment relations as are-
 Structure- The organisational structure determines that how entity conducts it operations
in terms to maximise its profitability. Organisational structure is the reflection of roles
and task of employees and scope of their contribution in terms to achieve the enterprise
objectives. Moreover, British airways is a part of International Airline group.
 Collective bargaining- This term can be derived as ongoing process of negotiation
between the employers and employee in terms to establish conditions of employment. In
addition to this, the agreement of collective bargaining will not cover only wages but it
will also be inclusive of hiring practices, promotions, job function, worker discipline and
termination and benefit program.
 Employee participation- British airlines plays crucial role in terms to empower the
working of the employees. The employee involvement is one on one approach that works
as to completion of goal or project. Participation of workers results in greater employee
involvement in the certain aspect of business and it leads to higher organisational
efficiency (Zeffane and Bani Melhem, 2017).
 Grievance procedure- It is the official process for dealing with the complaint raised by
employees against the employer. The British airway takes various initiatives in terms to
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provide the fair treatment to employees as well employer. It provides employee safe
working environment, adequate compensation, realistic job overview and respect.
 Disciplinary procedures- The British airline uses this as a process for dealing with
perceived employee misconduct (Jennings, McCarthy and Undy, 2017). Generally, it is
used to cover the actions by an employer in relation yo n employee that is assistive in
terms to correct the behaviour of the employees. Furthermore, it can be considered as the
critical tool management to maintain harmony relationship between the workers.
2.2 Discussion on how employment law affects the management of human resource within
British Airways.
The British Airline takes various initiatives in order to frame the laws and legislation so it
helps to bring the positive working to the enterprise. With help of it, things can be managed in
the proper manner. There are number of employment law that are been framed in terms to
conduct operation working effectively. Thus, these as are-
1. Employee relations act 1999- This is the act that has been prepared in terms to regulates
the effective relation between workers, employers and trade unions. This is the act that
helps to provide employers and unions to negotiate and enter into the collective
agreements for employers and employees.
2. Equal opportunity act 2010- It is legal framework that works as to strengthens and
harmonises current legislation in terms to protect the individuals from unfair treatment
(Obushenkova, Plester and Haworth, 2018). It is one of the effective terms in order to
promotes a fair and equal society.
3. Employment rights act 1996- The employment rights act works as to put their major
concerns over the rights given to employee and that should be inclusive of the terms as
fair dismissal, redundancy and unfair dismissal. This all will be helpful in terms to protect
the rights of the individuals. Thus, British airways works as to conduct the business
activities in the effective and efficient manner.
4. Maternity act – The British airline has taking various initiatives in terms to protect the
employees against the unfavourable treatment due to pregnancy and maternity (Collings,
Wood and Szamosi, 2018). Thus, pregnancy leave must be given to each employee in
order to protect the things as pregnancy discrimination, time off fro the antenatal care etc.
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Furthermore, British airline takes various steps to provide the effective facilities to the
employers.
5. Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration service act - It is non departmental government
body that aims to bring improvement in the business practices and organisational working
in terms to develop positive employment relations (Kavanagh and Johnson, 2017). The
British Airways is using this services in order to provide the better working facilities to
the employees.
TASK 3
3.1 Discussion of job description and personal specification for cabin crew.
In British airways, there are some vacancies for the post of the cabin crews. For this,
human resource management are taking various initiatives to hire the suitable candidates so that
the activities can be conducted in the effective manner.
 Job inscription- A job description is a document that defines the general task and other
related duties. It is a documents that is intended to provide job applicants with an outline
of duties and responsibilities. Hence, the job title is Cabin crew London city and it is
department of BA City Flyer. In order to ensure the operational safety, security and
health safety responsibilities are must be performed to the highest standard and other kind
of relevant legislation. The person applying for this post should have skills that are
already mentioned. Thus, two skills must be add on as candidate should have polite
behaviour with others, team working skills so that the all activity can be done effectively
and efficiently. The give job description in Appendix 1 is quite satisfactory and the
applicant must be hire with it so that all things can be done effectively.
 Personal description- The personal statement on the CV is one of the effective way to
give job application extra impact. It is helpful way to attract the individual so that he is
capable of getting the effective job. For the British Airways consumers are so important
and passionate about the delivering the services excellence every time. Thus, it is one of
the effective way that builds relationship in professional ways so that there can be
possibilities in terms to deliver the excellent customer service. In order to make personal
specification effective, the personal attributes of the person should be add on so that this
personal qualities will helps to achieve the desire task.
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Job title- For cabin crew
Department- pilot and Co-pilot
Entry requirements-
 The candidates should be at at-least 18.
 He/she must have ability to swim
 The candidates should be qualified in English and maths
 Must have valid passport with no restriction for the countries to travel.
Skills required-
 The candidates should have ability to stay calm and under pressure.
 Team working skills
 The polite behaviour with others
 Excellent communication skills
Salary-
Starting - £12,000 to £14,000
Experienced- £15,000 to £21,000
Highly experienced- £30,000
Woking hours, patterns and environment-
The work can be physically demanding and nights shits can be held at the nights and public
holidays. It is essential to do the things in the well and proper manner. The airline will provide
you with the uniform. The environment is depend on the seasonal working and it is must be in
positive manner. Th working hours depends on the changes in the seasonal working conditions
Career path and progression-
The good and effective services will lead to have the future progress to cabin crew supervisor or
senior air cabin crew role. In this person should work like cabin crew training, recruitment
passenger service, marketing or sales.
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Related careers-
 Airline customer service agent
 Airline pilot
 Airport information assistant
 Resort representative
 Travel agent
2. Comparison of selection processes of transport for London and British Airways (Cabin Crew)
Recruitment and selection processes
Transport for London British Airways (Cabin crew)
 This selection process is different to
other processes. It can be run through
using application process which helps
to provide better employee at the place
of customer service assistant. It is very
shot term process than the other
department of company (Humburg,
and Van der Velden, 2015). For the
recruitment process they have 8 steps in
interview.
 In Step 1, Selecting people for the job
of Victoria coach station and customer
services assistant, they placed vacancy
at their own website and also using
another recruitment process by the
agency this is the first step of there
selection activity.
 Step 2, Person create their own login
 For filling the position of Cabin crew
British Airways need to apply
recruitment and selection process to
find the perfect candidate for this job
place (Ślusarczyk, and Golnik, 2014).
They mention 9 steps in this
processing. It takes a lot of time
because this is a long process.
 1 step, like other companies they also
placed vacancy's on British Airways
webpage.
 2 step, After searching position for
cabin crew, person need to complete
some online questions such as I am able
to comply with above requirement etc.
in this form organisation mention many
questions which takes a lot of time.
 3 Step, person reply 'Yes' in every
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and password at the website page of
TFL and mention some general
information about their education
which are highly required for the post
in Airways.
 Step 3, in this step if the person get
selected according to their education
level for vacancy they need to fill an
online application process, at there they
need to mention details about their high
qualification.
 Step 4, after these process, person meet
the requirement which is basic, than
they complete online situational
judgement test.
 Step 5, after passing 4 levels of
recruitment and selection process of
transport of London vacancy for the job
role as an CSA, applicants are invited
in organisation to attend another
activity by industry that are written
assessment term or test. This process
get to know more about the candidate.
 Step 6, after get succeeding at overall
process of selection, applicant get
selected for playing the role of
customer services assistant position.
They are invited for the final interview
session which are plained by two or
more people in company.
 Step 7, this is the second last level of
question they need to complete
interview form, in this form they write
some basic information about
themselves like their personal mail and
name.
 4 Step, is an online process. In that
candidate need to fill application form.
 5 step, in this level person should enter
with login to finish online tests like
numeracy, spatial reasoning etc.
 6 step, after passing step 5 applicants
are invited to attend assessment day,
which are mention with few questions
by HR of company.
 7 Step, in this step firm check
candidates back ground and ask
questions about health issues.
 8 step and 9, both work for selecting
person at last. In these levels they give
training to person who are selected of
the post of Cabin crew at 6 weeks. And
for last candidates now ready to
perform role their job role at the right
place.
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all the steps which are mention above
this processing. Human resource
management take this session and ask
some questions about to selected
candidates, personal reference or some
medical as well.
 Step 8, at the last HRM offer position
which they need to fill in transport for
London.
TASK 4
As the trainee managers in British Airways they need to play an important role for
developing and give training session to employee. It helps them to increase their efficiency of
work. Development of workers also raise the growth of organisation. Thus, for this process
trainee manager need to plan some points according to it.
1. Different types of training: employees need to be perfect for playing their job role in British
Airways, thus for it they should be good in very step by take training session through trainee
manager (Alemdaroğlu, and et.al., 2015). There are some different types of training which are
given for their development such as Skills training and safety training. Skills training: it helps to perform job role perfectly. This training session increase the
skills of employee which attract the customers towards British Airways. Taking skills
training workers get improved their communication skills better to attend people and also
guide them in their decision making.
 Safety training: In British airways safety of employee and customers is very important
for them. Thus, organisation provide safety training to workers to safe their life in any
difficult situations as for customers as well.
2. Difference between training and development:
Training
It is a process of learning for employees in
Development
This is a continuous process which runs in a
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organisation. It helps to know about the skills
of workers and also help to get improvement in
it. Training is very short time process like 3 to
5 months.
long term period on company. It increases
performance activity of workers in group and
individually. Development training is used to
improve future performance. It is a self study
process.
3. Benefits and effectiveness of training:
Training is very beneficial for employee in British Airways. It impacts on business growth and
performance. Workers should be train in their work for making profit in business (Spencer-
Smith, and Klingberg, 2015). It develops staff moral. Training is good for employee and
organisation. It is very effective for the purpose of making improvement of employee and
businesses.
4. Role and need of training:
Role of training is to improve workers efficiency and skills of their work. It allows workers to
give strength for the motive of improving employees skills which they need to grow more than
others (Jaeggi, and et.al., 2014). Training increase worker capability for giving high performance
work, so for that they need this training session.
Summary of over all contribution of development and training:
Training and development increase employee and overall department activity and growth
at workplace in their work performance. Through this process British Airways run their business
effectively. All the training given by manager improve workers skills, which also help to grow
company successfully. Training and development is very important for operating organisation
within in manageable way. Industry growth is depended upon their employee growth by giving
high work performance.
CONCLUSION
It has been concluded in above study that human resource management is very important
to mange overall work performance of their employee and staff members. There purpose is to
motivate workers and build strong relation among them. Thus, this study has also explained the
effect between employment law and employee relations in company. For recruiting and selecting
new employee in company manager need to make process by using online website, and also
provide training and development session to make improve in their skills.
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