Leadership and Management Styles

The assignment provides a detailed analysis of leadership and management styles, highlighting their significance for organizational success. It emphasizes the need to determine effective patterns to be followed and adopt appropriate styles during various situations. The importance of analyzing internal and external factors is also stressed, along with the adoption of digital technology and workforce development in hard and soft skills. Comparative studies on change management systems are recommended for better management through recommendations.

LEADERSHIP AND
MANAGEMENT
FOR SERVICE
INDUSTRIES

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1. Classical Management Theories and their application in service industry......................1
P2. Role of a Leader and different Leadership Styles in a service industry context..............2
P3. Management and Leadership styles in Hazev, Haz and Tas............................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
P4. Internal and External Factors influencing management styles and structures.................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
Covered in PPT.......................................................................................................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
Covered in PPT.......................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Leadership refers to activities associated with leading people within the organisation
towards success. It undertakes all the actions which are associated with influencing and
motivating staff towards performing up to their full potential. Management, on the other hand, is
linked to planning, effectively organising, monitoring, directing and lastly controlling each and
every aspect, activity and resource of a company to attain organisational objectives (Gloppen,
2012). The report is based on impact of digital technology on management and leadership within
various restaurant chains, namely Hazev, Haz and Tas. It consists of a brief review on classical
management theories and leadership styles and factors influencing different management styles
and structures in service industry. The report also covers current and future management and
leadership skills and their role in service industry.
TASK 1
P1. Classical Management Theories and their application in service industry
It is crucial for organisations to effectively apply the previous works of theorists which
would ultimately help them in a better management of their organisations. Hazev, Haz and Tas is
a renowned restaurant with almost 12 branches in Central London. There are various classical
management theories which could be applied appropriately in this organisation. These theories
are mentioned below:
 Frederick Taylor's Scientific Management:
F.W. Taylor presented the theory of scientific management which were based on few
principles. The agenda of these principles was to encourage the usage of scientific methods to
perform activities efficiently rather than relying on judgements. Thus, managers at Hazev, Haz
and Tas must develop appropriate methods through which each task related to their restaurants,
bars and cafes must be accomplished (Wang and Hsieh, 2013).
Another aspect which was weighed by Taylor was specialisation and standardisation.
Thus, various tasks and activities within Hazev, Haz and Tas must be broken down sequentially
into smaller steps. Thus, marketing, finance as well as restaurant managers at the firm must
effectively allocate duties to their subordinates that best suit their abilities. Moreover, training
too must be given to them to excel their performance within these branches. According to this
theory, for successful working, managers as well as subordinates must appropriately coordinate.
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 Henri Fayol's Administrative Management Principles:
Fayol presented various principles in his theory which has been labelled as modern
management techniques. Moreover, he used a top-down approach unlike Taylor, which arises
significant differences in the theory as well as its application within the organisation.
According to his theory, it is crucial for an organisation to appropriately consider
situations that could be faced by managers. In addition to this, this theory could help managers of
Hazev, Haz and Tas to enhance their competence within their management role.
Its application within the organisation could effectively be centralised on the role of
managers. For instance, there must be a unity of command within the organisation which
requires a direct supervision on each employee. In addition, there must be a unified plan which
must be followed by each personnel present in the firm. Moreover, managers must align the
goals of organisation with that of individual to effectively establish coordination within the
restaurants (Birasnav, 2014).
The theory also states that employees of Hazev, Haz and Tas must be included effectively
in the decision making process of these restaurants. This would help them engage their
employees further and it would help managers in establishing a sense of commitment towards the
firm.
Thus, classical management theories must be well applied in Hazev, Haz and Tas to
ensure a favouring and effective environment towards achieving success.
P2. Role of a Leader and different Leadership Styles in a service industry context
Service industry is quite customer oriented which requires each organisation to function
effectively each day to provide top service quality as per the set standards and customer
preferences (Nallusamy, 2016). It is a very complex job and it is very essential that it is a
consistent practice within service sector organisations.
A leader is an individual who commands as well as leads group of individuals of an
organisation towards achieving their personal as well as professional goals effectively. They
have a prominent role in service sector which is briefly discussed below: Morale Building: Each individual working in service industry are required to function at
their full potential daily. It is expected and required of them to consistently perform their
duties and be utmost productive for their companies. Since, it is a very complex activity,
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leaders play a role of motivating these employees to ensure consistency in their
competence and fulfilment of their duties. Vision Creation: Another prominent role of a leader in service industry is that they
effectively help in creating a favourable vision which is essential for each employee
within service sector organisations to align their personal and professional goals. They
persuade every employee within their company in order to work to achieve this vision
and increase the odds for improvement (Psomas and Jaca, 2016).
 Change Management: Service industry is one of those few sectors which require drastic
changes to occur within their companies. Since change is often resisted, leaders play a
role of managing and implementing change within their respective organisation. They
communicate this change and possible outcomes with their subordinates which helps in
channelising their efforts towards implementation of this change.
As for leadership styles, different styles have different role to play within the service
industry. These respective styles are mentioned below: Autocratic Leadership: Authoritarian Leadership plays a crucial role in many
circumstances within the industry. It refers to the style where a single entity exercise all
the authorities as well as decision-making power. It plays a crucial role as leaders,
through this leadership guide their employees in times of extreme pressure, which is
common for service sector organisation. Another role it plays during decision-making in
case of important events. This is because employees tend to be reluctant to take up
leadership and accountability. Autocratic leadership plays a role in such scenarios where
leaders allocate duties, responsibilities, objectives and timescale for their achievements. Democratic Leadership: It refers to considering individuals in decision-making process.
In addition, this style of leadership also plays a crucial role within the sector. For
instance, it helps in boosting creative thinking within the company. Moreover, with
consideration of effective ideas provided by the workforce, democratic leadership would
appropriately ensure employee engagement and better outcomes in their business
operations.
 Laissez Faire Leadership: This leadership style too has a significant role in the industry.
It makes employees competent enough in problem solving which increases productivity
of each business within the company. Another role it plays is optimum utilisation of
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resources which is essential for a business. Leaders provide their business organisations
with only those resources which are decided fit by the subordinates. This provides
effective utilisation of the same (Hassi, 2019).
P3. Management and Leadership styles in Hazev, Haz and Tas
Hazev, Haz and Tas are considered to be one of the most effective restaurant chains in
the UK. The company has Turkish ownership and thus, its culture supports a more conventional
following of their traditions. However, the culture also supports inclusion of international
cuisines and the restaurant chains effectively believes in serving best food to its customers.
As for structure. The firm has following organisation structure:
Hazev, Has and Tas focuses effectively on developing and keeping a more horizontal
structure rather than vertical which allows the company to effectively enhance the scope of their
success. This is because according to the company, the structure of these chains allows them to
communicate effectively, solving complex problems, etc.
Its culture and structure are the two determinants which decide the kind of leadership
style which would be followed within the company. As of now, three current leadership styles
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MANAGING
DIRECTOR
WAREHOUSE
MANAGER
MARKETING
MANAGER
FINANCE MANAGER
RESTAURANT
MANAGER BAR MANAGER CAFE MANAGER

are being adopted by these chains. However, application of each leadership style depends heavily
on the kind of objectives they wish to accomplish. These styles are reviewed below: Authoritarian Leadership Style: It is an alternate term used for Autocratic Leadership.
Senior managers like Finance and Marketing Manager use this leadership style in terms
of ensuring effective service quality (Anning-Dorson, 2018). Managing Directors as well
as managers within the restaurant treat this aspect as a crucial factor which could enhance
its profitability. Clear instructions are provided to subordinates and their tasks are well
defined by managers who are then required to perform effectively to accomplish their
duty. Moreover, they monitor the performance of each employee and make critical
decisions to keep their performance consistent. Hands-off Leadership Style: This is the name given for Laissez Faire Leadership style.
Managers of Hazev, Haz and Tas apply this type of leadership within the company in
case it requires them to take simple decisions in their daily routine. For such decisions
within their team, managers let employees effective authority and decision making power
to operate as per their desired methods to produce better outcome. Another agenda for its
application is that it helps the managers to build effective and long-term employee
relations.
 Consensual Leadership Style: This leadership effectively undertakes encouragement of
agreement as well as acceptance which effectively guides them in taking better actions.
According to Hazev, Haz and Tas managers, employees within the chains are skilled, yet
information is required to be provided to the employees of this organisation to effectively
perform their duties, such as, how to calculate various ratios. This information shapes up
their duties and tasks in a way which bring maximum productivity. Thus, to achieve this
and encourage acceptance of methods adopted by the managers, consensual leadership
style is followed by this company.
Hazev, Haz and Tas effectively use a blend of all these leadership styles which are
necessary for them to operate in a consistent and diversified manner. Moreover, it helps them to
take better decision and effective exercising of their managerial power.
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TASK 2
P4. Internal and External Factors influencing management styles and structures
There are various factors in the internal as well as external environment of an
organisation which affects the management styles adopted by the managers. It is very important
for managers to effectively analyse these factors to ensure a smooth running of business
organisation (Dhar, 2016).
Management styles and structures of Hazev, Haz and Tas are influenced by certain
internal and external factors which are mentioned below:
Internal Factors
 Leader's Personality:
Personality of managers within the restaurants influence leadership styles and structure
heavily. It is an effective determinant and convenient as it is in alignment with the nature of
leader, which enhances its success rate as well. All the managers within Hazev, Haz and Tas
effectively follow different management styles based on the situations. These individuals are
adaptive and there are different aspects influencing the kind of management styles they wish to
follow. For example, managers use authoritarian management style for maintaining service
quality. Standards are set and clear instructions are given to effectively maintain consistency in
the quality of restaurants. However, while provision of information, consensual management
style is adopted. Strength of this external factor is that it helps in maintaining a dynamic
environment where employees could access power on various occasions, making them
competent. However, there are chances of mismanagement through implementation of different
management styles.
 Employee Diversity:
Diversity in workforce is another internal factor which influences management styles and
structures. For instance, if the staff is unskilled, a more vertical structure is formed considering
more personnels to supervise daily tasks. However, skilled workforce require a more horizontal
structure. Where management styles are concerned, it directly relates with diversity. As an
example, the restaurants would follow Authoritarian Style if employees are from different
culture to reduce communication barriers. However, a more democratic style could be adopted if
a unified culture is being adopted within the company. In context with Hazev, Haz and Tas, the
workforce is quite skilled and each employee have effective knowledge about their work which
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has resulted in a more horizontal structure, as well as hands-off management style while simple
decisions are to be taken.
External Factors
 Political and Economical:
An external factor which influences the structure as well as management style of an
organisation is the external environment, particularly political and economical dimensions.
Currently, due to political and economical instability due to Brexit, the structure and leadership
styles of Hazev, Haz and Tas has witnessed changes. While the structure is focusing on being
horizontal for effective communication to take place and effective problem solving, the firm is
adopting almost all the types of leadership styles favourable for company as well as employee.
This in turn is providing effective environment for employees to work.
 Digital Technology:
Another crucial aspect influencing structures and leadership styles is digital technology.
Service industry in the UK is experiencing transformation due to inclusion of digital
technologies within their operations (Chen, Zhu and Zhou, 2015). Hazev, Haz and Tas is also
adopting digital technology in their operations to enhance the services and internal management.
Moreover, the chains have witnessed changes in management styles due to due to this
technology. Management styles within the restaurants are influenced as Digital technology helps
these managers in increasing profitability. However, it induces changes in terms of
implementation. While implementing digital technology, the managers adopt authoritarian style
as clear instructions and training is required. However, consensual leadership style could be
adopted later to enhance the effectiveness of digital technology uses.
TASK 3
Covered in PPT
TASK 4
Covered in PPT
CONCLUSION
Thus, it is concluded that leadership and management is necessary for an organisation to
ensure timely and consistent success. It is important to determine management and leadership
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styles in order to develop effective patterns to be followed and the most apt style to be adopted
during various situations. It is crucial that internal and external factors be analysed to determine
their impact on management styles of a company. Digital technology is important to be adopted
and it is imperative that workforce and manager develop soft and hard management and
leadership skills to achieve the same. Lastly, it is of utmost importance that comparisons be
made regarding change management systems to ensure better management through
recommendations.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Birasnav, M., 2014. Knowledge management and organizational performance in the service
industry: The role of transformational leadership beyond the effects of transactional
leadership. Journal of business research. 67(8). pp.1622-1629.
Gloppen, J., 2012, September. Service design leadership. In Conference Proceedings ServDes.
2009; DeThinking Service; ReThinking Design; Oslo Norway 24-26 November 2009
(No. 059, pp. 77-92). Linköping University Electronic Press.
Wang, D.S. and Hsieh, C.C., 2013. The effect of authentic leadership on employee trust and
employee engagement. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal.
41(4). pp.613-624.
Nallusamy, S., 2016. A proposed model for sustaining quality assurance using TQM practices in
small and medium scale industries. In International Journal of Engineering Research in
Africa (Vol. 22, pp. 184-190). Trans Tech Publications.
Psomas, E. L. and Jaca, C., 2016. The impact of total quality management on service company
performance: evidence from Spain. International Journal of Quality & Reliability
Management. 33(3). pp.380-398.
Hassi, A., 2019. Empowering leadership and management innovation in the hospitality industry
context: The mediating role of climate for creativity. International Journal of
Contemporary Hospitality Management.
Anning-Dorson, T., 2018. Innovation and competitive advantage creation: The role of
organisational leadership in service firms from emerging markets. International
Marketing Review. 35(4). pp.580-600.
Chen, Z., Zhu, J. and Zhou, M., 2015. How does a servant leader fuel the service fire? A
multilevel model of servant leadership, individual self identity, group competition
climate, and customer service performance. Journal of Applied Psychology. 100(2).
p.511.
Dhar, R. L., 2016. Ethical leadership and its impact on service innovative behavior: The role of
LMX and job autonomy. Tourism Management. 57. pp.139-148.
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