Managing Operations in Smart Energy Systems

This assignment delves into the critical field of energy management systems within smart energy grids. It examines various aspects of system operation, including control strategies, economic optimization, and the integration of renewable energy sources. The focus is on understanding how these systems are designed, implemented, and managed to ensure efficient and reliable energy delivery. Concepts like demand-side management, microgrid operation, and grid stability are likely key elements discussed in this assignment.

Management and
Operation

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Define and compare different roles and characteristics of leaders and manager...................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
P2 Describe example of how role of leader and the function of manager apply in different
situations.....................................................................................................................................3
P3 Implementation theories and models of approaches of leadership........................................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
P4 Describe key approaches to operation management and role that play by manager and
leader...........................................................................................................................................6
P5 Importance of operation management in achieving business objectives...............................7
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
P6 Assess factors within business environment that impact on operational management.........8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Management and operation is the key factor of identifying the strength of an enterprise.
The role of management and leadership in the company mention the quality and waste the
administration factor at the workplace. Along with this, management is that area which
concerned the designing and controlling the procedure of manufacturing and designing the
business operations in better manner. This involves with huge responsibility which make sure
that business operation and function required for reach with desired goals and targets in better
manner (Ale and et. al., 2010). The report is based on Marks and Spencer which is multinational
organisation and this will provide various types of goods and services to their customers. In this
report, describe the role and function of leaders and managers, explain different types of theories
and models that includes system leadership, contingency and situational leadership.
TASK 1
P1 Define and compare different roles and characteristics of leaders and manager
Marks and spender is the British multinational retailing company which headquarter is
situated in the City of Westminster, London. It mainly deals with clothing, homes products and
luxury food items. An organisation will became first British retailing firm which make and
develop pre tax profit of around 1 billion euro. Marks and Spencer follows flat organisational
structure so this type of management structure has limited level of administration among front
line employees and management levels. This company structure is followed in organisation for
motivating and encouraging the staff employees in making effective decision procedures. Along
with this, it is that construction which help in reducing the bureaucracy and develop staff
members to became more talented and skilled for making effective decision in proper manner.
Manager – Manager is a person who works for creating desired objectives and goals for
firm to getting high level of success and growth in future time period (Baboli and et. al., 2014).
They has those employees who works for achieving upcoming goals in easy manner. Company
manager has various duties and responsibilities which manage all functions and activities of
business in positive way.
Leaders – Leaders are those individuals who are motivating and encouraging the
employees towards achieving desired goals and targets of an organisation. The main purpose of
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the leader is to reducing the extra work burden on person and give them accurate direction which
help in gaining high amount of profitability.
Roles and characteristics of manager: Developing objectives- Company manager is those individual who provides appropriate
services and functions in an enterprise. It is one of the most essential role of manager
which help in creating desired goals and objectives of the firm in easy manner. Managing and controlling- This is the main responsibility of manager is to analyse and
examine the business operations and functions in better manner (Branch, 2012). With the
help of this procedures, they can easily manage and control unneeded activity which
create harm to the business activities in the organisation. Creativity- It is the specific element of key success to an organisation. A manager need to
be creative while taking any decisions for resolving various types of issues and problems
in proper manner.
 Discipline- In an organisation, managers should be disciplined in their working efficiency
due to this staff members should follow all the decision and provide correct guidance of
such working activities.
Roles and characteristics of leaders: Communicate- Leaders always developing and building accurate communication
between employees for understanding their issues and problems in easy manner. Along
with this, it is essential for them is to build strong relation with their employees for
transfer important information. The management theory are related with different
business operation which help in communicating with their employees in easy manner. Employees development- This is the role of leader is to make development of their staff
members which help company in increasing their working capacity and also provide them
effective training and development programmes. Confident- It is another major characteristics of leaders where they are developing
confidence in their working approaches and functions (Burke, 2013). With the assistance
of such type of direction, they are building accurate strategies for making more successful
to target the whole market area of the company.
 Motivation- A leader main work is to motivate and encourage their employees towards
right direction and guidance. They are inspire their followers towards achieving desired
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goals and targets at large workplace. Behavioural management theory is related to
motivation and encourage their employees towards getting high amount of profitability.
TASK 2
P2 Describe example of how role of leader and the function of manager apply in different
situations
Leaders and manager both are two essential key components of an enterprise. They are
different from each other but their main aim and objectives are totally very similar for gaining
success and growth at the competitive market place (Chen and et. al., 2011). In an organisation,
they are providing accurate services and contributing their all business activities and functions in
easy manner. With the help of this, both leaders and managers which provides their effective
services and facilities as per different situations so they can easily analyse all business concepts
which are related to potential goals and targets of large market place. There are different role of
managers and functions of leaders which are describing different situations that are as follows: Decision making- Leader and manager are doing work for analysing all business
functions and activities in easy manner which will help in developing accurate decision
as per their needs and demand. These type of skills are necessary for various types of
organisational approaches which directly affect on operational and functional activities of
an organisation. Developing strategies- In an organisation, manager are dong work for making and
creating required goals and targets as per the competitive market for surviving in long
time period. The leaders are giving accurate services and functions which assist them in
achieving desired objectives.
 Issues solving approach- Such type of approach are doing work for gaining accurate
results and outcome after reducing major problems and conflicts within an enterprise
(Cruz and Marques, 2011). This situation help in solving and resolving main disputes
which occurs in the firm for gaining high amount of profitability and income by
providing effective goods and services to their customers.
There are different types of managerial functions which are explained as under:
Planning – It is the first managerial function which included planning. The activity and
function is all about creating and developing detailed planning towards accomplishing particular
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company goals and targets in better manner. The main objective of this planning stage is to
achieving the major goals and it does not need skills and knowledge to getting high amount of
income and revenue.
Organising- This is next function and activity which has been followed the planning and
it is describing the business operations (Expósito and et. al., 2016). With the help of this stage,
the company will manage and organise their firm activities and functions for getting high
profitability and productivity in better manner.
Staffing- The staffing function is essential stage for functioning of management. This is
mainly related with organising and concentrate on ensuring resources which are directed towards
right processes and project.
Directing- This is the forth stage where company manager need to direct their employees
towards achieving potential goals and targets for getting high amount of income and revenue in
proper manner. The good manager direct their staff member towards completing their work after
fulfilling all their requirements and needs so this will help them in achieving such set targets and
objectives.
Controlling- It is the last stage where company manager required to manage and control
all business operations and functions for getting high amount of income and revenue. Along with
this, this will assist in flow the work towards setting firm goals and objectives.
There are different roles of leaders such as communicate with their employees,
motivating and encouraging them towards achieving potential goals and targets of the company
and help in development of staff members. Along with this, they are dealing such situation which
are useful for them in acquiring set targets of an organisation. If company does not ain any profit
amount so the leaders role is to inspire their employees towards doing work hard which assist
company for getting high growth and success (Fayol, 2016).
P3 Implementation theories and models of approaches of leadership
In an organisation, it is very essential for developing and building effective manpower to
getting high profitability and productivity in easy manner. A leader will play an important role in
getting high business operation and functional opportunities. The company leaders develop and
make best suitable strategies and policies which get higher growth and success that is very
essential for firm to acquiring effective thoughts and ideas regarding different leadership skills
and abilities on various activities. The role of leadership and management functions help in
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developing and evaluating through using of different management theories. This will assist in
describing the role of leaders by which they can easily formulating and enhancing staff members
functions and activities in better manner (Handschin and Petroianu, 2012). There are various
theories of leadership and styles which are described in several situations that are as under:
Situational leadership - This is the form of leadership skills and abilities which is used
when enterprise is facing different possibilities as per the various situations. In this procedure,
they are providing such services and facilities according to the firm requirements and demand for
future time period.
System leadership - This is that type of leadership which is useful for diffident system
that can assist in giving accurate advantages and benefits to an organisation. Along with this, the
leader provides systematic direction and guidance to their staff members for acquiring high level
of income and revenue in easy manner.
Contingency leadership - It is that leader style which is mainly related with systematic
approach and concepts which provide accurate direction and path to their staff members as per
different situations. Such appropriate direction and guidance help in getting high advantages and
benefits in easy manner.
There are different strengths and weaknesses of such above theories which are described
as under:
Situational leadership:
Strength – This is very simple and useful theory of leadership and it will identifies the
requirements of flexibility on the part of leaders and the significance of the followers which
determining the behaviour and attitude of leaders.
Weaknesses – In this, situational leadership is useful and helpful for determining the
culture communicate and prioritize the values such as family and individualism (Lindström and
et. al., 2012). The situational theory is very difficult in defining and specifying the maturity
which are assume that job maturity match with emotional maturity.
System leadership:
Strength – This will help in enhancing the adaptability to change in environment. An
organisation describing the whole and it is not the appropriate. This will enable to adopt the
needs of environment. They are mainly concentrate on archiving person and entire goals of an
enterprise.
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Weaknesses – The nature of inter dependence is not defined. This will also classify the
inter relationship which has been done appropriately. It can not be applicable for smaller
organisation.
Contingency leadership:
Strength- This theory understood the test of time at market place. It will help in analysing
and examining the relationship between different subordinates and followers in better manner
(Lisi, 2010).
Weaknesses- Some of the investigation and research will be examined that has bean
competed, especially in published studies. This leadership theory does not describe the major
issues and problems.
TASK 3
P4 Describe key approaches to operation management and role that play by manager and leader
Management can be defined as the strategies planning procedure in regard of developing
the execution of plan. It can be referred as the process of administration which manage and
maintain the entire service and product production framework such as raw material, energy,
worker practices outcome and activities etc. Organisation is including wide operations range
such as distribution and production activities etc. This determinant is also associated to control
the production procedure where entire resources can be utilised in more effective manner in
Marks and Spencer. Here are mentioned some of key operation and functions of organisation and
leader as well as manager's role in such practices discussed under: Planning: This is essential to manage proper planning of Marks and Spencer in order to
achieve their business objectives. Manager is responsible to design proper approach to
maintain their operations where the leader is liable to executing innovative and creative
accordingly. Organising: Proper coordination and organising of approaches and operational activities
is required in Marks and Spencer (Ming and et. al., 2013). Hence it is the responsibility of
manager to execute proper planning of practices in efficient manner.
 Controlling: It is required to control the activities and track the practices in more
significant manner. Leader and manager of M&S is liable to control and track the
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practices in order to achieve their business objectives and consider the required
modifications in more fundamental manner,
Here are described key approaches that assist in implementing numerous activities which are
discussed as below: Just-in-time: This is considered as significant approach that highlight over the
manufacturing framework of organisation focusing over the decline of time flow along
with supplier from response time along with their advantages which a company does not
need to invest as more financial resource (Neck and Manz, 2010). They key purchase
reduce the raw material amount of service production framework. Total Quality Management: This refer to the level of satisfaction among consumer in
regard of services and products used by them. Leader, manager and other worker of
enterprise are making efforts for improving services and products that carry out as long
term achievement in M&S. Continuous Development: This can be referred as the constant process which retain
product and service development within certain time period. Where manager and leader
of Marks and Spencer are engaged in creative and productive activities, this assist
organisation in trading for longer time period.
 Lean Production: It is significant technique used to reduce the minimisation of
production waste without the loss of productivity. This can be defined as the extra time
and product within M&S.
Hence, through executing these approach, enterprise can implement these activities
within distinct marketplace assisting in the fulfilment of demands and maximisation of
advantages. As per the above mentioned procedure, both entities leader and manager of
enterprise is liable for directing and managing financial resources along with other operations of
M&S (Smith, Rahn and Wang, 2010). They have set goals of organisation and set criteria
accordingly which assist them in carrying out the practices as per the provided guidelines leading
to more benefits in organisation.
P5 Importance of operation management in achieving business objectives.
Operational department do play an crucial role in achieving business objectives in proper
manner. Basically, operation department is liable to have a production of quality goods and
services for the customer, as because M&S knows that consumers are becoming rationale in
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nature and they buy those products which has value of money, although such scenario makes
firm to attain its goals and objectives in perfect way too (White, 2016). Moreover, selling quality
products and services which satisfy the demand and needs of customer that help in increasing the
sales of goods and convert business to earn higher profitability. Some of the importance of
operation management in achieving objectives of entity and it is be like as:
 Operation management was responsible to have an effective production of quality
products and services for large number of people.
 Operation department does bring many methods and approaches to reduce the wastages
resources that can help them to gain in sales in better way.
 Therefore, it is such which also help in creating the healthy environment and bring
coordination among other department so this will help in developing quality based
products for their customers. This is necessary for company manager is to operate and
regulate their business operations and functions for gaining higher income and revenue.
Along with this, this will assist in describing the leaders roles and functions which help in
improving their operational efficiencies for properly meet with the business goals and
targets through using appropriate management and leadership approaches.
 The role of leaders of Marks and Spencer company is to encourage and motivate their
employees for doing work within large team and reducing the resistance to alter among
the staff members so that new measures can be adopted for improving the quality of
specific services and products (Winget and Thomson, Cisco Technology, 2010).
TASK 4
P6 Assess factors within business environment that impact on operational management
There are various factors which directly impact on external business environment within
Marks and Spencer organisation that are as follows:
Corporate Social Responsibility – The company will adopting CSR activity which help
them in increasing goodwill at the large market place. It is a form of international private
business self operated and regulated. This will describing the CSR as an internal company
strategies and policies which are also developing specific laws and legal terms.
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Business Ethics- It is that form of business ethics which applied ethics and this can
analyse the ethical principles and morale issues or problems which can occurs in the business
environment in the marks and Spencer.
Stakeholders- They are those person who invest money and capital in the organisation
which directly affect on income and revenue. They are delivering accurate results and outcome
through their functions.
The leaders and managers used corporate social responsibility and business ethics
activities because this will determining and ascertaining the effective goals and objectives in
better manner. Such factors are directly affect on operational and management decisions such as
work processes, defining the operational planning, employees training and scheduling.
These types of factors are directly impact on business operations and their functions such
as managing the employees training and development programmes, providing effective planning
and doing proper work procedures. Along with this, this factors affects the business environment
and in wider society.
This will evaluating and determining the operation with the help of effective business
environment at workplace (Winget and Thomson, Cisco Technology, 2010). The operation
management is an academic sector which study which mainly focus on effective planning,
organising, controlling and using the manufacturing company in the operations.
CONCLUSION
As per the above mentioned report it can be analysed that Management and operation is
the key factor of identifying the strength of an enterprise. The role of management and leadership
in the company mention the quality and waste the administration factor at the workplace.
Leaders and manager both are two essential key components of an enterprise. They are different
from each other but their main aim and objectives are totally very similar for gaining success and
growth at the competitive market place.
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