Different Roles and Characteristics of Leader and Manager

Management and
Operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY.......................................................................................................................3
P1 Different roles and characteristics of leader and manager......................................3
LO2....................................................................................................................................5
P2 Application of role of leader and function of a manager in different situational
context............................................................................................................................5
P3 Different theories and models of approach..............................................................6
LO3....................................................................................................................................8
P4 Approaches to Operational Management.................................................................8
P5 Importance and Value of operations management in achieving business objectives
........................................................................................................................................9
LO4..................................................................................................................................11
P6 Factors within business environment that impact upon operation management and
decision making by leaders and management............................................................11
CONCLUSION.................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Management refers to activities which involve planning, directing, organising and
controlling in order to manage activities. In order to ensure that all the activities are
effectively completed and operations refers to carrying out essential and core activities
of the organisation. Organisation being contextualized in this report is M&S,
multinational British retail organisation. Founded 1884 in and headquartered at London,
UK M&S specialise in clothing, home products and food products. This report will
discuss about different aspects of leadership and management. Operational
management which can be defined as administration of practices being carried out in
organisation in order to create highest level of efficiency possible in the organisation.
This report will discuss about operational management and what is the role of leader
and management in the operational management. Later business environment of M&S
will be assessed in order to identify and discuss factors which affect operational
management and decision made by managers and leaders.
MAIN BODY
P1 Different roles and characteristics of leader and manager
Leader can be defined as an individual who carry out activities of leadership.
Leadership can be defined as a process through which individual influences thoughts
and actions of others. These are specifically members of the organisation and
employees of the organisation.
Manager can be defined as a individual who carries out functions like planning,
organising and looking administrative tasks in the organisation (Machida-Kosuga and
et.al., 2017). Though in some of the context leader and management are similar yet
there is a difference in their roles and characteristics.
Difference in roles of Leader and Manager
Leaders create vision and manager create goals

In context of roles of leader and manager this first difference leaders create
vision which is long term and this can also be considered as what leaders want to
achieve through their action and series of action. Managers on the other hand create
goals, goals are long terms and goals are based on some fixed activities. Goals are
achieved in order to achieve vision and contribute to vision achievement. Managers
decide what gaols employees or their team wants to achieve in a fixed period of time.
Leaders build relationship and managers build system and processes
This is another difference in role of leader and manager. Leaders build
relationship and managers builds and system and processes. This is the difference that
leader focus on people which means they influence people in order to ensure that they
work according to leader to realize vision (Shastri, Hoda and Amor, 2017). They know
about their stakeholders are and spend most of their time with them. Leaders believe in
building loyalty and trust by consistently delivering their promise. Manager focus on
structure of the organisation important to achieve goals determined in order to realize
long term goals.
Leaders coach and managers direct
This is another difference in function of leader and manager. Leader coach to
their followers and members this means leaders enable their followers to have answer
of all questions and of they already do not know them. In case followers of the leader do
not have any answer leaders enable them to find the answer. Managers on the other
hand direct the members and employees. This means they tell their employees what to
do and how employees can do that.
Difference in characteristics of leader and manager
Leaders are change agent and managers maintain status quo
This is the difference in leaders and managers on the basis of their
characteristics. Leaders believe in disrupting existing systems and practices. Managers
on the other hand work on maintaining the status quo. Leaders embrace change, even if