Role of Leaders and Managers in Operation Management - Tesco Case Study

This report discusses the importance of leaders and managers in operation management, using Tesco as a case study. It explores the distinctive roles and qualities of leaders and managers, various theories and models of leadership, and primary approaches to operation management. The role of leaders and managers in formulation of policies, conflict resolution, and handling rapid changes is also examined.

MANAGEMENT
OPERATIONS
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Date Set: 20th April 2020
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Date: 25/06/2020
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Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
1. Segregation of the distinctive role and quality of a leader and a manager..............................4
2. Examples of how the jobs of leader and the capacity of a manager apply in modified
circumstances...............................................................................................................................6
3. Various speculations and models of approach, comprising situational, system and
contingency leadership................................................................................................................8
4. Primary ways to operation management and the role the leaders and managers play.............9
5. Significance and value of operations management in achieving trade objectives.................10
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6. Factors inside the business condition that sway upon operational administration and
decision making by leaders and managers.................................................................................11
CONCLUISION............................................................................................................................12
REFRENCES.................................................................................................................................13
INTRODUCTION
Operation management is the procedure through which business activities plan, organize
direct and control in order to attain goals of business organization (Reid and Sanders, 2019). For
understating this, Tesco has been taken, which is the biggest supply chain of the world, situated
in England. This report contains the importance of manger and leader, and difference among
them, the different approaches and models use in organization, and importance of operation
management in achieving goals and run business function ineffective way.
1. Segregation of the distinctive role and quality of a leader and a manager
A leader is a person who has the power of encouraging and influencing other for the work they
want to do in order to attain goals of the organization is known as leader. In other words, leader

has someone who has followers and has ability to guild and direct as well as influence and
motivate others in attractive way.
Role of leader
Influencer: The principal role of leader is to influence their workforce in order to motivate them
to completed hard task for achieve goals of business (Meredith and Shafer, 2019).
Maintain high integrity: Leader is focus on maintain the integrity within organization by
effective communication.
Leaders have descriptive image within the organization which help in building a provide
direction to others.
Characteristics of a leader
Being a leader, it is required that individual have great communication skills which help in
motivating and influencing workforce.
Leader is someone who has not afraid to taking risk, being a successful leader is someone who
take risk.
Leader is someone who has self confidence in oneself this characteristic help leader to give
direction and face criticisms in difficult situation (Cole, Stevenson and Aitken, 2019).
Manager is an individual who takes responsibility of planning, organizing, directing (Boya,
Zhenqiang and Zhanyong, 2014). communication and controlling business resource and
activities of the organization. In other words, manager is person who has the skills of managing
and directing whole organization.
Role of manger: In context with Tesco the manager formulates strategic business policies they
plan project and future business mission.
They also allocate resource of the organization, human resource manger work on recruiting
personals according to their capability.
Production manager focus in quality and work productivity of the manufacturing process.
They work of managing and integrating organization goals with individual goals by identifying
demanding requirement of their workers.
Characteristics of a manager
Manager must have credible activities, someone who has the qualities and skills of build trust
within the organization.

Manager must be culture steward, he has the quality of respecting past culture and adjust all the
technologies and work of modern culture to safe the moral and value of past culture.
Manager have skills of managing the team and coordinate among team members in effecter way.
Manger must have effective communication skills (Puri, Ostendorf and Cedamon, 2020).
Difference between leader and manager
Basis Manager Leader
Meaning Manager is an individual
who centres around
business arranging, sorting
out, coordinating and
controlling business
capacities (Glinkowska,
2017).
.Leader is someone who
leads the entire
organization, by inflecting
their workforce.
Approaches Manager formulates the
policies and strategies for
organization to achieve
future goals (Abdelhafiz,
Alloubani and Almatari,
2016).
Leader provides guideline
and direction to how the
organizing complete their
task (Parrott and et.al,
2019).
Followers Manager does not have
followers
Leader has followers.
Style Transaction style is adopted
by managers.
Leader use transformation
style.
Transformational theory of leadership: This theory is based on the assumption that leader of
the business organization focusses on changing in the perception of individual a focus on social
system enhancing value of the Tesco by modification on this skills and perception of the
personals and change scenario of the organization in order to achieve goals of the organization.
The Tesco apply this model of leadership, for influencing people and increase the growth of their
organization (Singh and Sundaresan, 2015).
Classical theory of management: This theory is based on the assumptions that if organization
need success than the company need to follow specific rules and values and principle of

management which is developed by Henry Fayol, Taylors and behaviour theory of management
techo follow classical theory their manger believe that the company achieve the goals when they
understand the behaviour and need of employee and work on satisfying employers need it
directly influence the employers to achieve the goals of business organization.
2. Examples of how the jobs of leader and the capacity of a manager apply in modified
circumstances
In today’s competitive world it is essential for business organization to maintain their
positioning market for this manager and leaders work together to reduces the risk of uncertainty
and easily cover up all the task which is require for urn business organization. In regards with
Tesco, manager and leader work help in fluffing these business activities
Formulation of policies: For run businesses effective way the information of policies is require.
Tesco is one of the biggest corporation a supply chain of the super market in world, thus they
have to formulate effective policies according to different regional.
Role of leader: The leader help in analysing and supervising all the pollicise an plan and then
give suggesting if changes required as they have knowledge regarding the while market, they
also help in decision making process (Bendrat, Chhor, and Sourkounis, 2017).
Role of manger: It is the first function of the management department to plan for business
activities, they are the one who formulate effective strategies and planning in offer to run the
function of business.
Conflict resolution: It can be defining as the ac which is arise due to misrepresentation and
misunderstand of perception between employers and other within the organization which directly
affect on the productivity level and quality of the work of the product and series. Conflict aeries
in Tesco due to equity and diversity problem, wages, and changes of thighs if individual,
moreover, internal politics also the reason of conflict. But leader and mangers role help in
solving the conflicts by their skills a capability. Tesco use effective policies they organize event
and plan for this a games, event which help and increasing the bond and build strong relation
within the organization (Filimonau and Delysia, 2019).
Ares in the Tesco, they listen every party demands their point of view the main reason of conflict
and then they take decision. Role of leader: The leader plays essential role resolving of conflict.

Leader distributes the power and responsibilities to the personals according to their level of
position in structure hierarchy they set the vision and according to which policy and work are run
in the organization. They with their effective communication skills clear the reason of conflict
and maintain strong connection with dispute parties. They also take decision regarding giving
minimum wage and incentive providing to the workers.
Role of manager: Tesco’s management department worker formulating policies and strategies
which help in building strong relation between the employers and organization department. They
change in police and provide better atmosphere to the working employers it helps in reducing the
issue of conflicts (Dai and Tayur, 2019).
Rapid change: There will be many changes which is require in the organization with the
changes of time and technologies., changes are necessary in order to fulfilled the demands,
requirement and need of the organization s workers as well as their customers. For changing in
marketing strategies and intruding new technologies, all these required help of effective
management strategies and direction of leaders.
Role of leader: In the circumstance of reimbursed change, leader select those employees who
has the capacities to act the changes and build strategies in order to deal with the new
technologies arise in market (Máslo and Kolcun, 2014).
Roe of manger: The manager of Tesco pays important role in changing environment by
formulating strategies and provides training and development session to teammate and works in
order to improve the knowledge and skills of workforce so that they are cable of understand the
new changes aeries in market.
3. Various speculations and models of approach, comprising situational, system and contingency
leadership
Following are the theories and models used by Tesco
Situational leadership theory: This theory is based that leader is performing their role and
responsibility according to the situation. It is developed by Paul Hasry and it based on the telling,
selling participating leadership characteristics (Glock, Jaber and Smunt, 2019). If Tesco follow
this leadership style then their leader will be work and change their role according to situation
they use, autocratic, democratic, participative leadership style according to the situation. They
guild and led work to their workers according to situation.

Strengths- This theory useful in enhancing the motivation among employers by engaging them
right to take participant in decision making process.
Weaknesses- The main defaulter regarding this theory is that it generates confusion by not
declaring clear leader ship style.
System leadership theory: According to this theory, manger work according the basis of right
and obligation and pier given by them by. It main focus on providing effective and frilly work to
manage and well as worked of it will help in garneting positive atmosphere and chance of
conflict reduces.
Strengths-This theory helps in work in systematic ay as worker done their work within given
time period and systematise way.
Weaknesses- It is related with long term time period and it is very hard to measure some
parameter for log term goals (Ou and Hong, 2014).
Task oriented theory: This theory is developed by Forsyth and they said it is as deceptive model
of leadership, according to this they, leader’ focus on allocation of takes which help in
accomplished goal of the organization. This method is beneficial for the teammates who have not
skills to plan and organized policies. In this style leader give task and set deadline to manger
unlit they required to fulfil the task (Tönnissen and Teuteberg, 2020).
Strengths- It will useful in increasing the skills and performance of employers by setting
deadline.
Weaknesses- Employers have work pressure tit negatively effect on their mental health a
productivity of the organization.
The application of chaos theory and management by objectives
Management buy objective is modern tool of management, which describe the objective
required o achieve the goal of organization in effective way. Tesco use this tool for effective
planning a communicating the objective of the organization to their workforce.
Chos theory based on the assumption that business market is not content it changes and dynamic.
Thus there are time incurred when thong change in second, the perception, technologies product
and demand of service change, market structure covets due to changes in the interest rate,
economy slow down or change in technologies, it is requiring for organization to build the
polices which help in effetely handle these change (Qi, and Shen, 2019).

Management department of Tesco follow the model of Chose theory and formulate strategies
which help them to run their business cycle in changing on time.
4. Primary ways to operation management and the role the leaders and managers play
Following are the approaches used by Tesco
Approaches Explanation
Just in time This approach of operating manger this used in
making effective of production process. This
method is focusing on the set target and
measure of quality and on the basic of that
department need to follow the task (Lazarov,
2017). Machine are use to done the work with
the given time period it help in reducing cost of
extra activities as well as save time (Barelli,
Bidini and Ottaviano, 2016).
Total quality management This method is use for long term planning
procedure by effectively user the quality of the
production. In this method various tools, bar
grapes, flow chart, scatter plots are to chart are
used to defy the quality and plan and on the
basis of that business activities are run. It is
useful in controlling wastage activities
(Connolly, James and Fertig, 2019).
Lean production This method of operation management helps in
creating value of non valuing parts. It is based
on the that best output comes when using of
best resource of input thus it useful in reducing
activities and focus on improving quality by
providing satisfaction to customer
(Akyürek,and Guney, 2018). It improves work
process in a variety of way.
Role of leader

Leader help in identifying the desire and need of cuter and employers to work towards fulfilling
the desire of customers.
They influence employers for doing their working potential and effective way,
Role of manger
Management and allocation of resource according to the polices and task.
Hire skilled personal which useful in control identifying wastage activities and work removing it
from business cycle (Benjaafar and Hu, 2020).
5. Significance and value of operations management in achieving trade objectives
Operation management play major role in running business organization. With the use of
tools of operation management, manger able to utilize al the resource in effected way. Following
are the importance of theses in order to achieve goals of Tesco
1) Controlling and the distribution system: The main function of operation management s to
control the cost of inventory by managing all the stocks (Berenguer and Shen, 2019). For this
they use various tools of stock management, it helps in reducing the cost of maintain stock and
extra cost incurred in additional activities.
2) Process design: Operation management procedure help in design proceed of product
development. It helps in product and procedure of manufacturing. They use software for effect
precedes the design through which they can attain goals of organization.
3) Transformation of raw materials in finished goods: Operation management process help in
converting the raw material into finished good systematic procedure. Various types o detector
uses by mange of Tesco in order to convert the raw material into finished good for these they
follow several stapes. In this procedure they focus on not incurring more costly (Xin, Zhang,
Zhai, M., Li,. and Zhou, 2018).
4) Capacity management: Operation manager useful the capacity of the organization by
measuring the performance tools, indicator, benchmarking, 36o degree performance
measurement tool they manger of Tesco identify the performance and quality on the basis if that
the set polices and help in effect enhance the capabilities of the organization.
5) Scheduling: It is a process of systematically organize overall business activity/ Operation
management by sung tools of schedule, time table, pivot table, indexation, job car, other card,

help in the business activities of the Tesco which help them in controlling cost and save time of
the organization in order to complete their task.
6. Factors inside the business condition that sway upon operational administration and decision
making by leaders and managers
There are various factors which directly affect the environment and decision making
factor, of the Tesco. All these are describing below
Corporate social responsilbities: With the changes of time, one the customer become king of
the market, thus to maintain the position in market it is required to fulfil all the necessary work
regarding corporate social respect. According to the laws it is require for companies who’s
turnover is more than 5 million they need to contribute in CSR find. It helps in increasing
reputation of the organizing and also goodwill brand value. It useful in providing benefits to
stakeholder and welfare from society, it positively impact on cotters and they influence to
purchase good and from Tesco (Suwnansri, 2014).
Culture: It is build from the values, norms, moral duties, the trading use religion follow by
organization. It is essential for the Tesco to follow culture strategy; without that they Can not run
her business in market. As proving positive culture environment to employers a respecting each
culture values is seniti to influence employers for work. Tesco, employers work from different
culture and religion and it directly affect the decision making policy thus it is requiring for
manger to formulate policies which is not hurt any culture norm of workers.
Value: With the changes of time, value is considered major factor during take decision whether
it value of organization ‘s workforce or customer. Manager department of Tesco should be take
their decision on the basic of identifying the values and norm, perception, and though of the
costumers on the basis of that they take decision (Yong, Lim and Ilankoon, 2019). If they do not
follow the value of customers, then they are not surviving in the market. On the other hand,
management department also focus on the desire and need and value of their workforce, when
they folk and provide them best falsities then it will positively oaky on their effected level.
All these factors are directly effect on decision making procedure of Tesco.

CONCLUISION
From the above analysis it has been concluded that in order to run successful business
operations it is essential for business organization to build strong integration between leader and
manager, as both play vital ro. Leader help in providing guideline and manger use in formulating
of policies and function of management. The leader use transformation style and their leadership
style total depend on the culture value and norm of the business organization. With the use
operation management, the organization, manage their inventory, build scheduling and logistic
management.

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