Operation Management and Operations INTRODUCTION

Management and Operations INTRODUCTION 3 TASK 13 P1 3 TASK 25 P2 5 P3 7 TASK 39 P4 9 P5 10 TASK 412 P6 12 CONCLUSION 13 REFERENCES 14 INTRODUCTION Operation management is an administration for adopting business organization exercise for motive of building higher productivity in an organisation. In context of Tesco the crucial role responsibility of a manager is to accomplish and reveal professional ability to lead workforce in successful way. Characteristics of a Manager: Major characteristics for

Management and
Operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1............................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
P2 ...........................................................................................................................................5
P3............................................................................................................................................7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
P4 ...........................................................................................................................................9
P5 .........................................................................................................................................10
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................12
P6 .........................................................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Operation management is an administration for adopting business organization exercise for
motive of building higher productivity in an organisation. OM majorly obsessed with
transforming products and services into processed products and services to get maximum output
to gain profitability. Operation management includes utilisation of resources, materials and
equipment with various technology. It helps in developing and deliver goods to compensate
demand of consumer needs and wants in proper way. This assignment study on Tesco which is a
British transnational grocery and broad merchandise retailer in the whole world. It is one of the
most leading organisation in terms of gross income and revenue. This report is based on Role
and characteristics of a leader and manager to attain organisational goals and objectives. It also
includes role of a leader and function of a manager in different situational context by applying
various theories and practices in proper way. It also includes approaches of operation
management with their importance in organisational context. At last it includes factors that
impacts on operational management decision making.
TASK 1
P1
Leaders and managers are very much crucial for an system to manage each and every
activity in an organisation.
Definition of a Manager:
A Manager is an individual accountable for an organisational activities by managing and
coordinating each and every activity of it. Managers can be charge of the department of masses
give contribution under it (Alexander, 2013. ). In few circumstances managers can be

responsible for the entire business activities such as a eating place manager can be responsible
for whole restaurant. Manager is an person who firstly apply organisational duties and possess
the ability to hire, fire and for assessment with many more.
Role of a Manager:
Manager of an organisation plays main role and responsibility to oversee the departments
and group of employees in an specific organisation or firm. Managers are crucial in each and
every sector as business model of the organisation depends on leadership style and capabilities of
manager to operationalise in proper way. In context of Tesco the crucial role responsibility of a
manager is to accomplish and reveal professional ability to lead workforce in successful way.
They are responsible to manage stress level by effectively communicate with their staff
members.
Characteristics of a Manager:
Major characteristics for a efficient manager are as follows:
Time management:
To become a effective manager some characteristics of a manager is to manage time as
for put efforts to deal with utilizing resources in positive way (Ashutosh and et.al , 2014).
Manager is responsible to delegate rights and duties to their subordinate with work and social
control in proper way that proved helpful for accomplish future goals at right time by managing
and coordinating each and every activity in proper way.
Confidence:
Confidence is one of most effective characteristics of a manager to remain always
competitive in organisation (Hazen and et.al ., 2018..). It proved helpful in sharing proper
knowledge and information to the people who work under them in effective way. In context of
Tesco their managers have adequate knowledge and information that give them confidence with
skills that helps to remain always relevant in marketplace.
Definition of a leader:
Leadership is an art to motivate individual and group of people for achieving a common
goal or objective. A leader direct their workers and colleagues for meet strategies as per
organisational needs and wants.
Duty of a Leader:

Leader work as an symbolic of the whole system and also commands various course of
study, discussion and meetings as their role is to transmit with outsiders about explanation of
organisation. In context of Tesco their leaders are responsible to communicate in effective
manner by sharing information about products and services that helps to enhance their business.
Characteristics of Leader :
The main characteristic of a leader are as follows:
Inspire to others:
The main ability or characteristic of a leader is to inspire others by giving proper goals
and objectives with other with their importance in career of an individual in positive way (Karr,
Empire Technology Development LLC, 2014. ). In context of Tesco in which goals and
objectives of an organisation should be communicate in proper way with subordinates.
Comparison in Role and functions of a manager and leader:
Basis Leader Manager
Roles Whereas the role of a manager
is to evaluate each and every
aspect and then give accent
over it .
Role of a manager is to
develop strategies as per
understanding needs and wants
of market.
Functions Leaders is one who people
follow them by getting inspire
from them.
On other hand for a manager
people simply work for them
in effective manner.
TASK 2
P2
For an organisation duty of a leader and utility of a manager is crucial for organisation to
deal in effective manner in various circumstances to get right kind of outcomes in particular
situation in positive way that are as follows:
Frequently changing demands:
within today's world people become more demanding, in that context organisation have
for producing goods to compensate the demand of their potential user base (Katsikopoulos, and
Gigerenzer, 2013). In context of Tesco they are large retailers in the world by building products

and services as choice of the consumers. As consumers become more techno savvy and purchase
products frequently. So organisation have to move towards digitalization to connect and enlarge
business opportunities in positive way. Hence organisation are very much crucial to gain
competitive advantage with help of leaders and managers.
Role of a Leader:
In that situation duty of a leader is very much significant by conducting proper research
and development regarding consumer needs and wants so that organisation can collect important
insights and knowledge about changing taste and preferences of consumers.
Purpose of a manager:
In that situation Purpose or function of a manager is to build various strategies and tactics
to implement changes in positive way in an organisation to achieve desirable goals and
objectives. With manager planned to provide training and development as per organisational
needs to get desirable goals and objectives.
Conflict situation:
Conflicts are a situation that occurs many times in an organisation but it proved harmful
for organisation as well as individual to get right kind of output (Kavuri and Kottomtharayil,
CommVault Systems Inc, 2014. ). In context of Tesco which operates in many nations and
appoint workforce that diversified in nature. In that situations various kinds of gap arise in them
by not achieving organisational goals and objectives by sharing knowledge and information to
them. When employees not able to share right kind of knowledge and information to right person
at right time then it proved harmful for them in communicating well within the organisational
environment (Lee and Here North America LLC, 2012.). In that particular situation duty of a
manager is very much crucial. So when conflicts arise among employees duty of a leader and
manager is to communicate well and find out root cause of it.
Role of a leader:
In that situation duty of a leader is very much potential by conducting research and
development in finding reason behind the problem and build strategies with tactics to resolve it
in better way. By it organisation can gain potential results out of it to reach at desirable outcome
in positive way.
Function of a manager:

In that situation function of a manager is also very much important to direct their
subordinates regarding new rules and regulations and helps them to attain that objective in
positive way when cultural and diversified conflicts arise among the employees (Kozak and Lee,
Here North America LLC, 2012).
So both manager and leaders are very much important for an organisation to deal in effective
manner by coordinating their works and activities in proper way. In context of Tesco they assign
roles and responsibilities to each and every person to give their best.
P3
Situational Leadership :
The situational theory of leadership work on assumption that a solo style of working is
not good. This theory suggests leadership style of a leader changes from situation to situation
and development level of team members. This leadership style is often referred as “Hersey and
Blanchard Situational Theory of Leadership”, named after it's developers. This theory explains
two key elements which need to match appropriately for best leadership : the leader's leadership
style and follower's maturity level. In reference of Tesco their leaders by adopting that
leadership style can handle any kind of situations in positive way.
Advantages:
 This style recognizes the need for flexibility instead of treating everyone with single
perspective. It helps to create an encouraging and comfortable environment where people
come forward, share their ideas, and stay more productive to find success (Pagell and
Shevchenko, 2014.).
 This style allows evaluating the competency of each member and boost motivation based
on the style which is best suitable for that member. This lead to improve the effectiveness
of the team members.
Disadvantages:
 This leadership style is much focused on short-term needs than long-term. Leaders may
find it hard to focus on overall objectives. They can fall into trap where they are
responding to immediate circumstances only.
 Sometimes leaders are asked to follow particular sets of rules, policies and regulations.
They can't be more flexible and find themselves more in telling place rather than a
listening space.

Contingency Leadership :
This theory of leadership states about powerfulness of a leader is contingent upon his
personal leadership style and situation such as nature of a task and how certain and uncertain it
was (Martin and et.al , 2017). To be successful there must be strong leader-member relations.
With help of that leadership style organisation can be able to understand the demand of time and
act accordingly to achieve desirable outcomes.
Advantages:
 Like any other situational theory, it takes situational factors into account to determine the
effectiveness of a leader.
 It defines thumb rule for identifying which leaders are best to handle the particular
situation.
Disadvantages:
 It does not offer the flexibility. If your style does not match the situation, Game is over.
 This style of leadership is reactive in nature. Sometimes handling the situation is hard for
leaders.
 A leader may appear inconsistent to his/her subordinates because of frequent changes.
System Leadership :
This style helps in build regulations and environment in which people can give their best
at every sphere effectively (Pohl, 2014.). This approach begin with clear aim. Organizations have
systems and conditions which enable appropriate leadership to flourish and this lead to a well led
organization. With help of that leadership style organisation can be able to build effective
regulations in which every one has the right to use their power and behave in effective manner.
In context of Tesco with help of system leadership organisation can be easily distribute power
and responsibilities to their employees in proper manner.
Advantages:
 It allows spreading of leadership at all levels to achieve improvement and changes.
 Helps to identify strategic leadership priorities.
 Helps to build effective system which drive productivity and effectiveness in the
organization.
Disadvantages:

System leadership style sometimes create ad implement negative effects by unequal
supply of power and duties within in their employees.
TASK 3
P4
Operation management is an important sphere for purpose of create or design controlling
various processes for producing and designing operations for production of products and
services. There are some important approaches of operation management that are as follows:
TQM:
Total quality management which is an management conceptualization to gain
sustainability by consumer satisfaction (Ramasamy and et.al , 2014.). With efforts of TQM all
members of an organisation contributes towards improving in product, services and processes
with culture of an organisation to deal in effective manner. It is one of most important attribute
that proved helpful in improving quality of products to provide positive outcomes for customers
for gaining competitive advantage. In context of Tesco with help of Total quality management
organisation should be able to create best goods for compensating consumer needs and demands.
The standards set as part for TQM approach shows both priorities of internal environment and
standards of the industry are important factors that come into place. While applying total quality
management role of a leader and manager is very much important to find out areas in which
quality is very much potential and they apply various measures to improve quality.
Lean Principles:
Lean Principle is one of most important operation management approach that helps in
minimization of wastage while producing products and services in manufacturing system to
maximise productivity level (Ramasamy and et.al ., 2013.). It gives specific values to the end
user with motive to give delighted experience to consumer base. To provides best value to
consumers organisation have to create value for each and every possible extent. After that value
based products should be given to ultimate consumer base by creating give error free products
and services in best possible manner. As best products and services should be framed consumers
smoothly moves towards the upstream of that product. As value increases wastes totally remove
from the production process and firm should be ready to give error free goods in best way. With

help of Lean principles leaders and managers easily remove errors in products and services to
deliver right value.
Six sigma:
six sigma is a statistical, determined and data driven approach to bring improvement in
production and production process by eliminate defects in effective manner (Slack, 2018.). It is
one of most effective approach developed by Motorola that is based on quality management
fundamentals. It represents the standard deviation that helps in measurement of data set that is
collected in the process. By eliminating defects at maximum level firm should ready to give
error free goods to the consumer base in positive way. In its process for eliminating wastages
includes measurement, improvement and validation of works and activities in proper way. In six
sigma designation, six sigma and other related factors shows the no. of defects in million as per
opportunities. In context of Tesco by using six sigma approach organisation can be able to
eliminate wastages at maximum level so that best products and services should be given to the
final consumer.
Hence all these approaches of operation management helps in coordinate with each other
by eliminating wastages at maximum level with maximise productivity.
P5
Operation management is very much potential for an organisation to deal in effective
manner of a manufacturing operations to deal in effective manner that are as follows:
Value enhancement by operation management:
Product quality:
Operations management helps in quality management that helps in giving best quality
product and services to give delighted experience to consumer base. In product quality majorly
two factors are very much important that are reliability and durability. With the quality
management process that enables to provide durable products on which consumers can easily
rely on. In context of Tesco which always focus on giving best quality products and services to
their consumers by using various factors and attributes.
Consumer satisfaction:
Consumer satisfaction is one of most important factor in sales and production to get
repeated consumer business (Wensveen, 2018). With help of quality management organisation
can take care of product quality by ensuring consumers needs properly. This system proved

helpful to give products as per desires of consumer base. In context of Tesco they time to time
conduct research and development to know changing needs and wants of their consumers so that
they can get delighted experience from them.
Increase in revenue:
Enhance in revenue is one of important objective for an organisation and it can be
possible by enhance product quality and giving consumer satisfaction. It can be possible by
building a reputation in front of consumer base for that they can be ready to pay higher. So it can
be said that overall efforts helps in enhance value of company and its market value as well.
Waste reduction:
Waste reduction is one of important activity of operation management for providing
quality goods to customers (Slack, 2018.). . With help of lean manufacturing systems that helps
in reducing wastage at maximum level and by coordinating inventory. In context of Tesco by
managing all important attributes organisation can be able to reduce their production wastages at
maximum level to get right kind of product. These are the major value and importance that given
by operation management for attaining desirable outcomes in perfect manner. For Tesco their
main objective is to give best quality products and services to their consumer by gain higher
profitability in better manner.
Importance of operation management:
Operation management manage day to day activities of an organisation by planning,
organising, monitoring and coordinating each and every activity in proper manner (Pohl, 2014.)..
It helps in improve overall productivity of products and services as to give best products to
consumer base. It utilizes all resources in proper manner that ultimately helps in enhance
efficiency level of organisation to deal in effective manner while producing products and
services. In context of Tesco by implementing operation management organisation can be able to
achieve desirable goals and objectives.
TASK 4
P6
Environment of a firm plays crucial role for an organisation to evaluate and take
measures to bring effectiveness in organisational development and enhancement. There are
various factors that helps in operational management to deal in effective manner. For an

organisation it is necessary to build strategies and tactics to get desirable goals and objectives in
proper way.
Corporate social responsibility:
Corporate social responsibility is a kind of world private business concern for self
regulation. It is an inside organisational line of reasoning that helps an organisation to be socially
responsible for organisation, stakeholders and for general public (Kozak and Lee, Here North
America LLC, 2012).. In context of Tesco with help of CSR activities they build a image in mind
of consumers that proved beneficial to gain competitive advantage in competitive world. Tesco
contributed for general public by contributing in their education, for environment and for
resolving issues and problems that faced by society. It gives contribution in both monetary and
non monetary activities so that they can grab attention of large no. of consumer base in positive
way. CSR activities helps in enhance goodwill in market by giving loyalty to their consumer
base in distinctive way to enlarge business opportunities.
Values:
Values are very important for an organisation to build a distinctive image in front of
consumers. There are some values that possess by an organisation that are integrity and respect
towards their consumer base, innovation and rules to drive success (Katsikopoulos, and
Gigerenzer, 2013). In context of Tesco by building their values they give also guidance to their
workforce to always follow fair path that are very much important for them to achieve their goals
and objectives in better way. They time to time conduct research and development for knowing
consumers interest areas and return back so that consumers always pay attention on their
activities and helps to remain always competitive in marketplace.
Ethics:
Ethics is the moral philosophy in which systematizing, defend and recommendation all
major activities involved that proved beneficial in taking important decision regarding right or
wrong. Every organisation follow some ethical values and considerations which enables to create
effective image in front of consumer base to remain always relevant in market. For the Tesco
they follow some ethical attributes that are very much significant for organisation to give best
quality products and services to the ultimate consumer base to remain always competitive in
marketplace.

So all are the important factors that enables to grab attention of large no. of consumer
base in marketplace with help of operation management by deliver right kind of values to
consumer base.
CONCLUSION
From assignment it has been summarised that leaders and managers are very much
potential for organisation to deal in effective manner by managing and coordinating each and
every activity properly. By giving power and authority to managers and leaders they can give
their best also have some significant traits and characteristics that differentiate from others to
achieve firms goals in proper way. It enables for kinds of leadership theories that helps in gain
effective results by giving right value to business. Values to consumers that given by
organisation are plays very significant role to remain always competitive in marketplace with
help of operation management.

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