Mobile Application Development for Faraday Steel Manufacturing Industry

This paper proposes and discusses how Faraday Steel Manufacturing Industry will employ the use of a mobile application to notify technicians on the status of all the machines, give the latest information on spare-part and product stocks, integrate in-app chat module to improve communication amongst the employees, and provide easy management of all the company assets.

MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT 1
Mobile Application Development
Student Name
Institutional Affiliation

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Executive Summary
Manufacturing industries require efficiency and flexibility in order to maintain competitive
advantage in the industry of operation. Facilitating cooperative and mobile work for the engineers
is a critical success factor. Many IT systems in engineering are monolithic desktop software with
multifunction and complex front-end constraints the enhancement of engineering process through
IT driven methodologies.
Faraday Steel Manufacturing is a company that deals with the manufacturing of steel products and
is based in Brisbane, Queensland. The company wants to adopt a mobile application that will
address the challenges of communication, tracking, and monitoring on the status of the
manufacturing components. The mobile application will offer the company with the latest
information regarding the spare parts and products that are in stock. Secondly, it will integrate and
in-app chat that will allow the employees to communicate and share information easily and
quickly. Thirdly, the application will allow management of the company assets and provide remote
tacking and monitoring. This paper will propose and discuss how Faraday Steel Manufacturing
Industry will employ the use of a mobile application to notify technicians on the status of all the
machines, give the latest information on spare-part and product stocks, integrate in-app chat
module to improve communication amongst the employees, and provide easy management of all
the company assets.

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Table of Contents
Executive Summary............................................................................................................................2
Introduction........................................................................................................................................4
Background Information.....................................................................................................................5
Proposed solution...............................................................................................................................6
Cost Analysis......................................................................................................................................7
Strategic Alignment between Business and IT strategies...................................................................8
Value Proposition.............................................................................................................................12
Project Management and Control.....................................................................................................13
Infrastructure Requirements.............................................................................................................14
Development Platform..................................................................................................................14
Coding Language and Tools.........................................................................................................14
Cloud Services..............................................................................................................................14
Software Design, Development Methodologies and Testing Strategies..........................................15
Internalization...................................................................................................................................16
Social Media Integration Strategies..................................................................................................16
Risk Management.............................................................................................................................16
Integration and Deployment Strategies............................................................................................17
User Acceptance and Change Management.....................................................................................18
Maintenance......................................................................................................................................18
Future Opportunities and Enhancements..........................................................................................19
Recommendation and Conclusion....................................................................................................19
References List.................................................................................................................................19

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Introduction
Technology evolution and revolution has brought major changes in the engineering industry. The
increasing complexities in the engineering system has led to the need to employ technology
concepts. In today’s engineering environment, engineers and other engineering professionals
require applications and systems that will enable them to continuously update and develop their
knowledge and skills. In addition, the rise of mobile technology and online tools is gradually
bringing effectiveness and efficiency in the engineering environment which are key benefits in
increasing productivity and performance (Charland and LeRoux, 2011, p. 20). According to Yu,
Zhou, Gong and Chien (2015 p. 280), engineers are getting more constraint in the process of
application development because of the progressively accelerating and advancing technology
while budgets and timelines remaining the same. Because of this reason, engineers need to be
innovative and efficient and this can only be achieved through adoption of technology.
Competitive engineering companies are continuously seeking to deploy new technologies in their
operations which are necessary in simplifying and enhancing the design process. One of the major
objectives of mobile technology is to improve communications and sharing of critical information
within the company (Dong-Hoon and Jun-Yeob, 2013, p. 18). Adoption of mobile based
application has been welcomed by the engineering industry because of its ability to facilitate
remote communication and web accessibility to the design tools.
Individualization and globalization have led to higher complexities, shorter product life cycle, and
different products. These aspects require efficiency and flexibility in order to maintain competitive
advantage in the industry of operation. In such context, enabling cooperative and mobile work for
the engineers is a critical success factor. Many IT systems in engineering are monolithic desktop
software with multifunction and complex front-end constraints the enhancement of engineering
process through IT driven methodologies. With the rise of mobile computing (tablets and
smart[hones), the emergence of mobile application has facilitated anytime and anywhere properties
which are very essential in process optimization in the engineering industry (Eshet, 2012, p. 14).
Additionally, exploiting this technology offer a big potential for improved efficiency and
flexibility in engineering tasks. Technicians are getting real time notifications about the various
engineering processes that require their attention. In this paper, we discuss how Faraday Steel
Manufacturing Industry will employ the use of a mobile application to notify technicians on the
status of all the machines, give the latest information on spare-part and product stocks, integrate
in-app chat module to improve communication amongst the employees, and provide easy
management of all the company assets.

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Background Information
Faraday Steel Manufacturing is a company that deals with the manufacturing of steel products, the
company was founded in 1989 and currently has a total of 1500 employees. The major products
the company deals with include steel pipe, steel plate among other. It is currently located in
Brisbane, Queensland-Australia. For several years, the company has been depending on employees
to monitor and notify on the status of critical processes and machines within the company. This
has been an ineffective way to manage the operations within the company and has reduced
productivity and overall performance of the industry. Also, the company has been depending on
email and notice board communication to pass information across the company. As such, the to
have a mobile application to address these challenges arose. The company seeks to implement a
mobile application that will facilitate notification of machine status, provide information about
spare parts and product stocks, asset management and ease communication through the in-chat
feature. The major purpose of the application is to improve communication and flow of
information within the firm through piggy backing today’s Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)
trend.
One of the opportunities being explored is creating a mobile application that will offer the
employees within Faraday easy communication platform (He, 2011). The days when workers had
to monitor the various processes and machines manually though bulky and large computer
workstation are slowly disappearing. Technology advancement such as desktop virtualization has
facilitated application access that employees need to achieve a particular objective or complete a
task through the use of more portable computing devices such as smartphones and tablets.
Moreover, the trend towards facilitating predictive service and maintenance of critical components
in production to improve performance and production speed (Huenerfauth, 2014, p. 20). Both plant
manufacturers and operators will focus on installing sensor equipment to the manufacturing
machines. The mobile application will further enable tracing and tracking of equipment and
products remotely and the safety of employees working in the factory. The attention is now
shifting to quality management where functions and processes like real time tracking of products,
functional assignment, and chain production.
The integration of SMS group platform services (in-app chat) is the basis of digital, intelligence
service competence. The platform offers the company a simple and secure way to electronically
exchange and share information. eService solution is one of the SMS group e-functions that enable
the users to reliably and quickly determine spare parts and access files such as service guidelines,
data sheets, and operation manuals (Ibhadode, 2012). The application will offer an intuitive
environment that the plant will use directly to correct or identify the correct spare part component
and facilitate initiation of procurement process in a click of a button through the ordering
procedure.

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Proposed solution
The application seeks to address the challenges of communication, tracking, and monitoring on the
status of the manufacturing components. The mobile application will offer the company with the
latest information regarding the spare parts and products that are in stock. Secondly, it will
integrate and in-app chat that will allow the employees to communicate and share information
easily and quickly. Thirdly, the application will allow management of the company assets and
provide remote tacking and monitoring.
Two decades ago, such concepts would have sounded impossible to many industries and but
because of the advent in technology, mobile technology perceptions have changed and is now
being embraced (Lee, 2013). By employing this technology Faraday will be able to take advantage
and increase its competitiveness in the industry through effective and efficient production,
tracking, and monitoring of production processes and equipment. Often, tools that are
indispensable in private life are anticipated to be available naturally in the working environment.
This is why the manufacturing industry is progressively adopting mobile devices so as to enable
managers, technicians, and operators to maintain connectivity and completely take controls of all
the plant processes anywhere and anytime (Nunes and Simões-Marques, 2015). There exist other
essential factors of mobile devices beyond mobility that render them useful and interesting in the
manufacturing environment.
The application will be expected to enhance portability by allowing use of lightweight and easy to
use devices such as tablets and smartphones which are greatly effective in consultation lists such
as inventory, production orders, maintenance operations among other or where technicians are
needed to gather data manually and fill in the correct form like quality control check list.
Application portability allows the users to view the production data and status of every
manufacturing component from anywhere and add notes that can be shared with other employees
regardless of their location (Qiu and Ju, 2012). A technician or operator at Faraday Manufacturing
company can be able to refer to manuals, guides, electrical and mechanical schematics directly
from the mobile device and enabling them to carry along a whole library of materials on the tablet
or smartphone without the need of carrying the physical files or documentation.
Secondly, the application will enhance availability by ensuring production flexibility in
departments with independent components or several islands. Additionally, the mobile application
will facilitate eradication of fixed control and supervisory stations while making sure that
technicians and operators can enter and receive required production information (Seliger, 2012).
When compare to computer workstations that have to be installed in the company for the purpose
of tracking, monitoring, and communication, the mobile devices are cheaper and affordable.
Furthermore, the have better performance and is easy to use. Replacement or maintenance cost of

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the mobile devices are more reasonable and the fact that the users pay more attention to such
devices reduces the risk of theft or breakage (Wu, 2011).
This application is mainly designed to be used by filed technicians, floor managers and staff,
administrators, and top management. The app will ensure timely maintenance of machines, no
shorts in materials and spare parts, view the conditions of the various assets, paperless reports, and
seamless distribution of information. It is crucial that this app is designed and developed because
by don doing so, the process of production is delayed, no timely reports, inconsistent flow of
information, more errors because of manual operations, and so on (Stillström and Jackson, 2013, p.
189).
Cost Analysis
The table below shows the cost summary of the hybrid application development for Faraday
Manufacturing industry running both on android and iOS.
Faraday Cost Summary for Hybrid application development for iOS and Android
Task Cost
Wireframing and discovery $6,000
Design of application interface $6,000
App development $75,000
Back-end design, APIs, and databases $22,000
Administration of the application $20,000
Refinements and quality assurance $14,000
Deployment (cloud) $4,000
Total (Android & iOS) $147,000
The following factors were considered during the cost analysis:
Application environment and platform: the cost is increased by the fact that the application has to
be build for both iOS and android. This is because android uses java programming while iOS uses
swift programming language o Objective-C and windows uses C#. The cost and time if app
development will increase if the developer choses to develop the app for all the platforms using
individual native languages. However, hybrid technology allows developers to build one app for
all the platforms using PhoneGap, HTML5, JavaScript, and CSS to prepare the application for all
platforms.

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Secondly, customization of the application through standard application convention and widgets
increases the cost and time needed to develop the app. Every development platform has specific
widgets for building conventions that are standardized such as changing screens, navigation, user
interaction elements, and animations (Wilke, 2015, p. 13). Cost effectiveness will be realized by
employing the use of standardized convention.
The number of screens required for the application impact directly on the overall cost, that is, the
more the screens needed the more the cost will increase. To achieve cost effectiveness, it is
necessary to build less complex, less busy, and cleaner screens that has simple and easy to use
navigation menu. Since the app should be flexible enough to integrate and work with other systems
in place, the developer will have to link the application to third party APIs. This will need extra
money and time for the developer to learn and implement it correctly.
Building customized interface that will be able to support the different screen resolutions such as
phablets, smartphones, and tablets can be costly and time consuming. Additionally, building an
application that will support all the different types of mobile operating system will be costly. As
such, it is recommended to choose the popular operating systems such as iOS and Android.
Integrating the handoff/ continuity feature will facilitate sharing of data and information and
enable connection among the various devices. Building this feature can be substantially costly and
time consuming.
Strategic Alignment between Business and IT strategies
Strategic alignment refers to the degree at which the IT strategies meets the business objectives,
mission, and vision. It can also be described as the degree to which business strategies are
supported, enabled, and stimulated by information technology strategies (Chaudhry, 2015, p. 53).
It is the ability of the company to automate processes and share information with the relevant
stakeholders that enables the company to survive and remain competitive. Interoperability of the
different manufacturing systems forms the basis of operational aspect of the bigger company
concern, that is, strategic alignment. One of the strategic alignment aspects is to develop a well-
structured exchange of information between the various applications and systems. IT strategies
seeks to positively add value to the company through creation of new opportunities and strategies
and improve on the already existing ones (Grøgaard, 2012, p. 402). This objective can be achieved
by exploring the various ranges and types of information technology capabilities and systems
possibly available for the company. In this paper, the author seeks to explore the alignment
between IT and business strategies by concentrating on the approach of strategy modelling. The
objective is to dispense to a model-driven technique in order to create and weigh the IT and
business alignment within the Faraday Manufacturing Industry.

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The advent of information technology competencies and resources is one of the major pedals for
economic success and efficiency in the manufacturing processes (Hossain, Sohrab, Jamshid, and
Mahmood, 2012, p. 12018). The figure below shows the relationship between business activities
and IT strategies at a strategic level.
Figure 1: Strategic Alignment Model
(Source: Issa-Salwe, Ahmed, Aloufi and Kabir, 2010, p. 125)
Strategy Execution: this approach conforms to the hierarchical, classical view of strategic
administration. Business strategies are considered the driving factors of the logical information
technology infrastructure and organization design choices. Business strategies are formulated by
the top management and the ICT is taken to be the implementer of the strategies.
Technology Potential: this aspect considers the business strategy as the driving force to the
company. The perspective entails IT strategy formulation to support the selected business strategy
and the equivalent needed information technology processes and infrastructure (Magdanov, 2015,
p. 4). Technology vision should be developed by the top management in order to articulate the
choices and logic regarding IT strategy that would support the selected business strategy better. IT
manager is responsible for effective and efficient implementation of the information technology
infrastructure needed that will provide consistent service delivery.
Competitive Potential: this approach is associated with taking advantage of the abilities of
emerging information technology to impact on the primary strategy attributes, influence new

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10
services and products, and create new types of relationships. This perspective unlike the former
two aspects enables the business to use emerging IT abilities to modify business strategy.
Service Level: it concentrates on how to create a sophisticated IT infrastructure within the
company. Business strategy has an indirect responsibility as is often considered not sufficient but
necessary to make sure that IT resources are used effectively and be flexible to the fast changing
and growing user demands (Ravasi and Phillips, 2011, p. 130).
Strategic Alignment model has been considered as the de factor standard for improvement and
measuring strategic alignment. Faraday Manufacturing industry should rate the IT alignment with
the business goals to provide bigger validity and reliability.
The new mobile application should be in-line with Faraday business strategy. This can be achieved
by representing the business strategy using goal-oriented models which are employed to formalize
information technology and business strategies. Many at times, these strategies are determined
through interview conducted through out the company with IT managers and business managers.
This approach depends on comparing two goal models with one describing the IT strategy while
the other representing the business strategy. The concepts o goal modelling better support
modelling of strategy. The culminating models represent strategies in terms of goals, vision, and
objectives. The figure below shows the relationship between strategy and main vision of the
company. The diagram is also called the Business Rules Motivation Model (BRG-Model)
Figure 2: Business Motivation Model

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(Source: Singh and Desai, 2012)
In figure 2, Vision represents the end-state in which the company strives to achieve, Mission
describes the various tasks and activities that should be done in order to attain the vision, Goal is
an abstract statement describing the intention to support the vision, Strategy is the long-term task
formulated to achieve a goal, Objective is a measurable and specific statement with intention to
support a goal, while a Tactic is a short-term activity employed to meet an objective.
IT strategy and business strategy goal model analysis allow for comparison of both models to
identify the components that belong to IT domain or business domain that are associated
semantically. Additionally, it is essential to determine the connections that exist between the
components. Today, it is the ability of the company to employ the use of IT in managing the
company resources that determines the its competitiveness. This concept has been emphasized by
several practitioners and researchers by stating that the viability and performance have been
greatly increased through increased dependence on information technology.
Failing to align the business strategy with information technology strategy will reduce IT
credibility and decrease investment in IT strategies by implementing proactive system rather than
reactive systems. The impact and value of information technology on manufacturing efficiency
and performance can be seen through cost-effectiveness, operational feasibility, competitive
advantage, capacity to manage, and product delivery. Thus, it can be summarized that the use of
technology in manufacturing industries has shifted to being regarded as critical factor in delivering
business functions from the old days of just be considered as a supporting strategy to operational
functions. Its has become very vital to align business objectives to IT strategy because, currently,
manufacturing processes highly depends on information technology in order for the company to
remain relevant and maintain competitiveness in the industry it operates in.
Research in information technology has found out that IT has a greater influence on the overall
business success. In addition, information technology has become a crucial part of every day
manufacturing processes and a potential primary factor in competitive positioning. Information
technology has become a key manufacturing resources for monitoring and controlling plant
processes.
Value Proposition
Value proposition is a very critical aspect to any industry, as such, it is essential to have an
impactful and robust value proposition on order to connect and engage with stakeholders,
customers, employees, and partners by having a clear communication on how better, different, and
worth buying from (Aggarwal, Kundapur and Holikar, 2009). It has been considered as the epi
center of the overall manufacturing model and should form the basis for all operations, decision

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making, and consumer engagement. Value proposition is more that promotion messages or set of
words; it is the foundation for how the company will align its processes and output with the
customer needs in order to deliver a good experience that be attached to money value via value
exchange.
Currently, mobile applications are an enticing technology but many firms and businesses are
getting trapped by designing applications that do not reflect their value (Gopu, 2012, p. 16).
Mobile applications account for over 85 percent of the mobile usage time. If an app does not meet
the users’ requirements, the users will tend to uninstall and abandon them. As such it is important
to develop an app that will add value to the company and increase efficiency and effectiveness in
production and communication.
The proposed application will be able to add value to Faraday Manufacturing company by
automating processes and enhancing communication and resources sharing (Kim and Kwon, 2013,
p. 372). The application will be able to assist the company in collecting critical data regarding the
plant processes and operations. This will enable the company to identify which processes to
improve upon in order to increase productivity and performance. The ability of the app to allow for
social interaction will also make interaction with customers more engaging and their feedback can
be easily capture. It will also allow scheduling of maintenance activities.
The mobile application will offer a unique value proposition to Faraday that makes it outstanding
and competitive in the industry. However, before developing the app it is important to clearly state
and define the unique value proposition (UVP) describing the company, what the company expects
from the app, and target users (Quero and Ventura, 2018). Value proposition is important in
validating the business strategy for the purpose of continuity. The following are some of the
aspects that should be considered when determining, analyzing, and achieving the value
proposition: the mobile application should be able to give direction by defining the target users
from the beginning and then finding and articulating the need that the app should address. A well
define value proposition will aid the company in minimizing or avoiding time wastage, energy,
and money and developing an application that will be irrelevant to the company.
Secondly, it creates focus for the team by determining the fundamental activities, initiatives, and
perspectives of the company that will have positive impact in meeting the company objectives.
The value proposition is considered as the “True North” of the company by concentrating on why,
who, and how you are adding value (Smith, 2015, p. 13). It dictates what you must produce in
order to meet you set objectives and develop an overall remarkable experience to the target users.

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Value proposition also offer a platform for the company to engage with consumers in a resonant
and compelling way enable you understand how the customers view you as a company and the
products being offered.
Project Management and Control
All projects undergo a certain degree of uncertainties and turbulence and thus needs someone to
oversee, control, and manage it. The project manager will be the person in charge of the overall
project by overseeing the progress and managing every aspect related to it (Davidson, 2014, p. e2).
The project manager (PM) is responsible for the initiating, planning, designing, developing,
controlling, monitoring, and project closure. For the project manager to effectively and efficiently
manage, he/she should have skills to ask insightful question, resolve conflicts, and identify
undefined assumptions. Moreover, the PM should have effective management skills. Some of the
duties and roles of the project manager include determining threats that may influence the success
of the project. Mobile application development requires a project manager that is knowledgeable in
software and application design. Focusing on the primary objectives of the project will enable the
project manager to ensure successful project. All the decisions both small and large are made by
the project manager. Other responsibilities that the project manager should undertake include
planning and defining project scope, scheduling, cost and time estimation, planning and
sequencing of activities, resource planning, budget development, risk analysis, strategy
influencing, team leadership, reporting and monitoring progress, risk management, documentation,
quality control, and goal realization (Mir and Pinnington, 2014, p. 206). To successfully achieve
project objectives the project manager must be give full support by the Faraday management.
The executive management expect regular communication on the progress of the project from the
project team. It is essential to consider all communication methods given the geographical and
organizational project team diversity. Communication can either be active or passive (Ponnappa,
2014, p. e3). Active methods of communications are used to pass information to the executive
include video conferencing, face to face meetings, webinars, in-person stand up presentation, and
telephone. Passive methods of communication that can be employed include web cast, blogs,
project newsletter, pod cast, website, email, and table top presentation.
Infrastructure Requirements
Development Platform
The choice of the development platform is very important because it enables the developers to
deliver a near-native experience to the users while minimizing complexities and reducing the cost
associated will multiple devices and platforms. For the development of the mobile application for
Faraday, Mendix’s development platform is the most recommended. This is because this platform

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allows developers to create application using visual models that are intuitive while abstracting the
code. This platform allows development of multiplatform application and removes the need to
build individual app for every environment. The technical details like provisioning, infrastructure,
app management components, and code development are abstracted away in Mendix’s platform.
As such, the developed app will work seamlessly across platforms and devices an has the ability to
integrate with other systems. The advantages of using Mendix’s platform include: higher
productivity, high quality custom application, reduced IT overhead, and unparalleled flexibility.
Coding Language and Tools
The coding languages are very important in app development. In this project, Java and objective-C
programming languages will be adopted as the primary development tools (Ball, Onarheim, and
Christensen, 2010, p. 572). These are the most preferred mobile programming languages for both
android and iOS respectively. Both are object-oriented languages and are flexible enough to allows
code re-use. One advantage with java is that is facilitates development of cross-platform
applications including big data technology, server applications, android apps, games, websites,
embedded space, and web apps. However, Java is less useful when developing iOS applications
and that’s why there is need to adopt objectives-C in order to enable development of iOS app. Both
languages support third party APIs making it flexible enough to integrate with existing systems,
powerful IDE make development simple and reduces errors, high level of security, and are object
oriented.
Cloud Services
Faraday should adopt and host the application in the cloud. This is because it is cost-effective,
increases efficiency, more reliable, facilitate interoperability/compatibility, speed, scalability,
security (better backup and disaster recovery strategies), and analytics (keep track on how the app
is used by the employees).
Software Design, Development Methodologies and Testing Strategies
Software development methodologies refer to proven practices and practical ideas which enable
mobile and software application developers to efficiently manage software projects (Yong, 2014).
In this project, Agile development methodology is recommended. This is because it allows quick
and faster deliverance of the application solution. This methodology supports continuous user
involvement thus enhancing transparency, user satisfaction and value addition is created because
the focus is on the user, and enable development of a high-quality mobile application.

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Figure 3: Agile Application Development Methodology
(Source: Schuh, Pitsch and Salmen, 2015, p. 243)
Application testing strategies are important because they are used to certify if the final application
meet the user expectations and requirements. Testing strategies include non-functional and
functional testing for AUT validation. The testing methodologies include integration testing, unit
testing, performance testing, and system testing. Every testing strategy have a defined deliverable
and test objective. Application testing is an integral part in the application development and should
be carried out with utmost precision to ensure that the application meet all the specified objectives
and requirements.
Internalization
Internalization refers to making the app available for all users by taking care of content display,
font style, language orientation, and plethora of other smaller details to ensure deliverance of
intuitive user experience in their native language. Internationalization considers different aspect of
number formats, text interpretation, dates, and punctuation conventions. Additionally, it facilitates
identification of localizations that have the potential to offer better return on investment. However,
internationalization id faced with a couple of challenges including the extensive coding required

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which is expensive and time consuming. Moreover, may have its people speaking many languages
and a native language such as English which also have various versions including US English, UK
English and many others. However, in this application, internalization is not necessary because the
app will be used thin the company.
Social Media Integration Strategies
Integrating social media into the application is very essential because it will help in increasing
social visibility and make the app more special (Arjomandy, 2016, p. 111). This will enhance user
engagement, increase conversations, and extent application’s reach. It is very important to
integrate social network profile because it enables easy retrieval of user information. To achieve
this integration, it is necessary to use third party APIs such as CloudRail API integration which
enables connection to several social network suing only one library.
Risk Management
Risk management in application development include assessing the risks and devising mitigation
strategies to prevent the risks from happening. Risk assessment is the process of determining
potential risks and examining their potential impact (Khodakarami and Abdi, 2014, p. 1237).
Mitigation strategies are techniques that have been put in place to minimize or eliminate the
impact or risk occurrences. Privacy, security, and confidentiality of the data and information
shared using the application is very crucial. As such, there is need to ensure that these aspects are
not compromised. Risks can be categorized into the following groups: technical, schedule, cost,
client, contractual, environmental, political., financial, people, and so on (Wateridge, 2011, p.
192).

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Figure 4: Risk Profile
(Source: Dionne, 2013)
Integration and Deployment Strategies
Integrating mobile application into the company will offer Faraday manufacturing with innovative
means to efficiency and effectiveness in the manufacturing process and enhance communication. It
is necessary that the application be integrated with the already existing systems such as ERP, CRP,
HRM, among others to improve productivity and better the results (Ma, Meng and Jiang, 2014, p.
1382). There exist three ways of integrating mobile application. they include:
Point-to-point integration: this approach employs the technique of using one link to connect all the
business applications. This approach offers limited scalability and is easy to build.
Multipoint: this approach uses separate engines that manages and receives notifications form
various channels to connect applications and databases.
ESB Solutions: company bus service system is used in this approach as multilayered solution for
the enterprise.
However, integration of mobile application can be very challenging to the company in various
ways including legacy issues, testing, costs, complexities, and lack of stakeholders. Nevertheless,
these challenges can be overcome by creating a prioritized application road map that clearly states
the optimized protocols, integration architecture, and platform service in order to meet the
experience requirement of the application user (Pulathaneli, 2014, p. 24).
User Acceptance and Change Management
User acceptance is a very critical aspect in application development. To validate user acceptance,
user acceptance testing will be conducted. The users will be given the application to interact with it
and to find out If the application meet all the requirements that were stipulated by the company
and users. Users will accept the application if it meets the functional and non-functional
requirements.
Change management is very essential as it aid in transiting from the old way of doing things to a
new way. Therefore, it is necessary to have a change manager so as to guide the users through
transition and help the stakeholder manage change adoption in a well-structured manner (Zhang,
Cao, Chen and Mei, 2011, p. 2869). Change management involves user training on how to use the
application, communication, user engagement, rewards, and other techniques based on the
enterprise objectives. In summary, user acceptance and change management go hand in hand.

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Maintenance
Application maintenance is a very critical process to ensure continuous availability of the
application services while improving performance and enhancing security. Regular updates should
be done regularly in order to meet the changing users need and preferences, changes in market
structure, and user behavior. Regularly updating the app gives the users a positive attitude towards
the app because of the regular improvements done on the application and allow them to take
advantage of the application benefits (Dong-Hoon and Jun-Yeob, 2013, p. 23). The diagram below
shows a typical update process of an application:
Figure 5: Application Update
(Source: Huenerfauth, 2014)
Additionally, application patches should be done as regular as possible so as to fix the
vulnerabilities that the app may have. Patching the application more often help in enhancing the
security of the application and ensures it is protected from external attacks because attackers are
not given the opportunity to explore the vulnerabilities of the application.
Future Opportunities and Enhancements
The evolving technology and the ever-changing user need and preferences should be considered
during app development. This is to ensure that the app is flexible enough to support the changing
user behavior and preference. The mobile application to be developed for Faraday Manufacturing
Industry is for internal use only. However, the application should be able to support CRM

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integration so as to allow the company to actively engage with its customers to get their feedback
and opinions.
Recommendation and Conclusion
The use of mobile computing devices has increased in the recent years and is now becoming a
necessity. As such, company and enterprises should ensure that this factor is considered in order to
improve productivity by allowing the employee to use such devices in carrying out their daily
activities. Using mobile applications increases flexibility and allows the employees to monitor
manufacturing processes, components, and company assets from a single platform. The developers
should watch out for cross-device development and cross platform to ensure that users using
different devices running on different operating systems/platforms are supported. Mobile
applications are convenient, easy to use, easy to scale, cost-effective, and increases flexibility.
Therefore, it is recommended that Faraday Manufacturing Company adopts this proposal.

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