Organizational Behavior: Influence of Culture, Politics, and Power on Behavior and Performance

Organizational
Behavior

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO 1.................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Analyze how an organization’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team
behavior and performance...........................................................................................................3
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................5
P2 Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques
enable effective achievement of goals in an organizational context...........................................5
LO 3.................................................................................................................................................8
P3 Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team............................8
LO 4...............................................................................................................................................10
P4 Apply concepts and philosophies of organizational behavior within an organizational
context and a given business situation......................................................................................10
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................10
References......................................................................................................................................10
Books and Journal.....................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Organizational Behavior (OB) is the study of human behavior in organizational settings, the
interface between human behavior and the organization, and the organization itself. To have
an effective operation of the employees in an organization this principle is used. Organizational
behavior promotes innovation, communication, job satisfaction, job performance and encourage
leadership. This study of behavior not just study the individual but also group performance. This
organizational behavior study will lead to good environment in the organization. In the present
time this study has evolved to modern theory of decision making and business structure.
Marks and Spencer is one of the major British multinational retailer of United Kingdom.
The specialization of this company is to selling high quality of clothing, food and home products.
The company has also started selling other products like Kellogg's Corn Flakes recently and has
959 stores across UK which has 615 stores which are selling just food products. M&S are selling
their own innovated food products and have chief's of their own who are experimenting with
healthy food and new ideas with good food. Report will highlight the impact of culture, politics
and power influence individual and team. It will also lay emphasis on the content and process
theory of motivation.
LO 1
1 Analyse how an organisation’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team
behaviour and performance.
Impact of Culture-
The values, the beliefs and the implication of these are the soul of the organizational
culture. Charles Handy has divided this impact into four categories and those would be-
Task
Task culture forms when teams in an organization are formed to address specific
problems or progress projects. The tasks can change frequently and sometimes take a long time
to change. Some employees can be skilled in some fields and the other employees in another. So,
due to this the power keeps shifting for an effective work environment. There has to be a right
mix of leadership and personality because of this the team can work creatively and productively
(McShane and Glinow, 2017).

In M&S the work distribution is done so well that there are no inner conflicts in the
company\organization. If solution to the problems are found then this makes the team motivated
and influence individual and team behavior. The company is therefore the best in UK because
they are well planned and organized in their kind of steps. The tasks they get are always well
distributed and the powers are given to the right person who can handle the team.
Role
This culture is based on rules and regulations. Due to the responsibility and roles divided
in the team and everyone's power the organization has a strong role culture and highly
controllable one. The power depends on the role culture of the employee's position in the
company. The organization with role culture tend to be very official and administrative.
The designations appointed to people in M&S company are very specific and does not
need to be changed. The roles of the employees are fixed and they have to problem with that
kind of system. The work distribution becomes easier and people tend to work in their own
circle. This reduces the politics in the company and lets the company's work environment remain
healthy.
Power
The power in an organization is held by just few individuals and those few individuals
are selected on the bases of their influence in the organization. The decision making is done by
the people with power and the other employees are just judged on their working achievements
and the powerful people allot them work accordingly (Borkowski, 2016). If people in power does
not treat right, then this can impact team behavior and individual performance negatively.
The powerful people of M&S are always busy keeping their employee's happy and
satisfied with the work allotted to them and their work environment. The impact of power is that
the people with power distribute the work accordingly and try to make the work environment
better instead of including the management into the small matters. This can increase the
performance level of individual and team behavior motivation. It can lay negative impact on
individual team and performance. The politics in M&S are very low and therefore this company
is doing so well (Ellis and et.al., 2017).
People
The organization’s objective is to make the people work in the company. The employees
of an organization see themselves as superior and unique with person cultures.