The provided assignment discusses the various factors influencing change in business, including internal (employee resistance, management style) and external (government regulations, market trends) factors. It highlights the importance of effective leadership and management strategies to navigate these changes successfully.
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Understanding and Leading Change
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Table of Contents INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1 TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1 P1. Impact of change on organizational strategy and operations...............................................1 P2. Impact of internal and external drivers of change on leadership, team and individual behaviour.....................................................................................................................................3 P3 Measures regarding minimising the negative impact of change............................................5 TASK 2............................................................................................................................................7 P4 Barriers of change and their influence on leadership decision making.................................7 TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8 P5 Contribution of different leadership approaches regarding organisational change...............8 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11 .......................................................................................................................................................11
INTRODUCTION Change is an important factor which drives the success in organisation. It includes process of change in strategies and policies to improveflexibility in organisation and achieve their organisational targets. There is a huge impact of change on the behaviour of employees and team. There are many external factors present in the business environment which leads to change. It isduty of management to accept all such changes and apply many change theories which help indevelopment of innovation and leadership among employees. This provides an opportunity regarding lowering the risk of uncertainties and optimum utilisation of given resources. Starbucks and Costa coffee are two big organisations which provide their services in the same industry worldwide(Bin Taher, Krotov and Silva, 2015). In the present report, impact of change on an organisation’s strategy and operations, effect of internal and external drivers on the behaviour of individual and team as well as measures which minimise the effect of change will be discussed. Also, barriers of change and their influence on leadership decision making as well as application of leadership approaches to deal with changes will be studied here.
TASK 1 P1. Impact of change on organizational strategy and operations Change is the process of happening of new events and situations onoperations of organisation due toexternal factors which are present in business environment. Change is an integral part of every organisation. An organisation attain both positive and negative impact due to the changes. Starbucks and Costa coffee are big organisations and deliver their products and services worldwide. There are large number of external factors like political, economic, social, technological, etc. which are the main drivers of change. Determination of these factors helps the management of both companies to prepare appropriate strategies. Large number of advantages are attained by both the organisations like competitive advantage, new growth opportunities, development of innovation, increased efficiency, etc. All changes which are going to happen in the future in organisation have a large impact on the strategies and operations. It is important for both Starbucks and Costa coffee to identify such changes in the preparation of strategies which minimise their adverse effect. So, some reasons regarding which the management of both companies identify changes are mentioned as below: Competitive advantage:Acceptance of changes helps in the improvement of quality of their products and drive out competitors from market. This helps in ascertain position in market. Encourage innovation:Identification and acceptance of changes create innovative ideas among employees regarding deployment of their functions. This will contribute in the expansion of business activities. Increased efficiency:Change increases the efficiency of processes which helps in satisfaction of customers’ needs as well as employees. For example, implementation of technological change contributes in the development of productivity. Description of both companies; Starbucks and Costa coffee is mentioned as below: Starbucks:It is an American coffee company which provides their products and services worldwide. It operates their business transactions in more than 23768 locations. Around 238000 employees are working in Starbucks to perfectly provide their products and services to end customers. The major products in which company deals are coffee beverages, smoothies, tea, baked goods and sandwiches. In terms of revenue, Starbucks creates a large amount of income
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from its business operations i.e. approximately US$22.387 billion. This shows that organisation is doing well in market and has a strong brand image (Brazer and Bauer, 2011). Costa Coffee:It is also a multinational coffee house which provides their services worldwide. Costa Coffee is considered as the second largest coffee house. This organisation has 3401 stores in 31 countries. It also has more than 2121 restaurants in the UK and having approximate 1280 outlets in overseas countries. The products which are majorly provided by Costa Coffee are Coffee, tea, ice drinks, etc. The revenue earned by this organisation is£1.167 billion. Due to having their business operations worldwide, a large number of factors lead to changes in both the organisations. This will have a direct impact on the existing strategies and operations of organisation. Both; Starbucks and Costa coffee are needed to adopt new strategies to accept the changes and improve business activities which are mentioned as below: StrategiesStarbucksCosta Coffee Marketing strategiesStarbucks is a big brand which retains the highest position in world’smarket.Thisis achievedduetoeffective marketingstrategies.This helpsinresearchaboutthe marketandpreferencesof customers and select a large number of distributors which effectivelyprovidetheir productstoendcustomers. Starbucks give more emphasis onthesocialmediatoolto promote their products as this method has a wide range. Costa Coffee is also one of the coffee houses with large scale ofbusinessoperations. Starbucksisthebiggest competitor. Costa Coffee has good market capture in the UK incomparisontoworldwide locations. So, the management has decided to focus on UK market to retain their position. For this purpose, local media is used to promote their coffee productsamongthe individuals of UK. Pricing strategiesStarbucks has a strong brand imageandknownforthe Costa Coffee needs to attain the market and large market
quality of their products and services.Mainaimof companyistoretainthe quality and ambience of their stores worldwide. So, the high pricing of their coffee has not mucheffectontheirsales figure. share. Pricingstrategiesplay an important role in improving the sales figure and attraction of customers. For this purpose, linnetpricingpoliciesare adopted by company to attract middleincomegroup individuals worldwide. P2. Impact of internal and external drivers of change on leadership, team and individual behaviour In the modern era of globalisation, all organisations have globalised business operations. Similarly, Starbucks and Costa Coffee have their business operations worldwide (Brisson-Banks, 2010). As the business environment of every country is different, having large number of different external factors which effect business operations of organisation. These factors include political, economic, social, competitors, etc. All these factors are the external drivers of change. Simultaneously, there are many internal factors which are present in the organisation itself and have effect on the business operations. These factors are the internal drivers of change which include technological capacity, organisational culture, employee’s morale, high wastage, poor delivery, etc. Starbucks and Costa Coffee are also get affected by the internal and external drivers of change. Both these internal and external factors have impact on the leadership and behaviour of team and individual employee of company. These factors have both positive and negative impact on the em,employees of company. This will depends upon the capability of the management regarding how they accept such changes and make appropriate changes in their policies and plans.Suchacceptanceofchangesdrivetowardsthesuccessoforganisationand accomplishment of the organisational objectives. Impact of internal drivers of change on Starbucks and Costa Coffee Technological capacity:This is the most important internal factor which is responsible for change in organisation. Starbucks and Costa Coffee are multinational organisations required to adopt always advanced technology in providence of their functions. This
helps in deriving the shape of business operations for long run. This will have huge impact on the leadership and behaviour of individual and team in performance of their tasks. As the employees are more enthusiastic and passionate towards their activities. Employeemorale:Itistheimportantinternalfactorwhichaffectsthebusiness operations ofboth Starbucks and Costa Coffee. If the employees are satisfied with services of company and jobs are assigned to them, then this will improve the strength of employee. This will provides positive energy in organisation which helps in improving the efficiency and leadership qualities among employees (Brundrett and Duncan, 2011). Organisation culture:This factor has major effect on the behaviour of the individual and teams. It is the duty of the management has to consider cultural differences which are exist in organisation. To improve productivity and efficiency of employees there is need to remove such differences. For this purpose, required to adopt similar policies for employees. This will improve communication and coordination among the employees. Impact of external drivers of change on Starbucks and Costa Coffee Political:Starbucks and Costa Coffee have globalised business operations. The political condition of different countries have huge impact on the business operations, leadership and behaviour of individual and team. If the government polices are strict regarding performanceoffunctions,thiswillreducecapabilityofemployeesandteamsin performance of their functions. Economical:This includes factors like cash flow in economy, sources of funds, income of people etc. This will have large impact on the business operation of both the companies. Good income of individuals of country helps in increase the demand of their products. This builds positiveness among employees and helps in creation of effective teams which timely complete their projects. Competitors:This also one of the external factor which leads to change in organisation regarding the behaviour of employees and team. Healthy competition is must to perform better and creates innovation among employees. This force employees of company to work as teams to achieve their desired targets and attain competitive advantage (Coronel, Moreno and Carrasco, 2010).
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P3 Measures regarding minimising the negative impact of change A success of organisation is depends upon the change management policies which are adopt by organisation regarding minimising the adverse effect of change on organisational behaviour and operations. Application of such theories helps in identification of the change which are going to happen in future and their adverse impact on employees and business plans. There are many theories like system theory, complexity theory etc. are used by the managers of Starbucks and Costa Coffee to minimise the negative impact of change which are mentioned below: System Theory:It is the effective theory which is adopt by the management of Starbucks and Costa Coffee which helps in creation of leadership qualities among the employees. This approach has large number of benefits in development of innovation among employees and perfectly handle the situation of contingency. It is the effective theory which is implemented by Starbucks in minimising the adverse effect of change. Under this theory, leaders treat the organisation as supra system and other key factors as system. It is the advance model which helps in minimising negative impact. The organisation for which leader is working is known as system, teams are known as subsystem and the leaders are assumed to be work as component system. Leaders plays the vital role in this theory to build the qualities among the employees and make them flexible to accept the changes. Complexity theory:This is another important theory which is implemented by both companies Starbucks and Costa Coffee. Application of this theory helps in measuring the diversity present in both internal and external factors such as departments, customers, suppliers, political, social etc. The main aim of this theory is to recognise the effect complex situation at micro level on the capability of organisation regarding handling the factors which are present in Macro environment. This theory has the main feature of complex adaptive system. The function of this feature is to identifies the important information from the environment and perfectly store such knowledge into this system. This provides opportunity to the management regarding preparation of policies and provide direction employees to effectively perform their function with the helps of such plans and strategies. Such contribution of this theory helps in minimising the negative impact of change (Ellenbogen, Berger and Batjer, 2010).
Continuous improvement model:It is the effective model which includes the function of continuously improve the products and services of organisation. Adoption of this model by Starbucks and Costa Coffee contributes in accomplishment of their objectives. This model includes the proper cycle of development which helps to accept the changes which are going to happen in future. Function of this cycle is described below: PDCA cycle:Both the organisation derive the importance of this cycle regarding the acceptance of changes effectively mentioned below: - Plan:This is the important process of planning which helps in identification of changes. - Do:This is the important step which involves the process of application on business opportunities. - Check:This is the process of identification regarding the effectiveness of change on business operations. This helps in solving the problems and improving the morale of employees. - Act:This includes the important process of application of such approaches on large level if they are contributing in the growth of organisation. Otherwise, organisation has top apply other approach and recreate the cycle process to effectively accept the changes and gain the positive impact on employees and teams. TASK 2 P4 Barriers of change and their influence on leadership decision making Force Field analysis: It is the important model which includes the evaluation of the factors which are for and against the change. This is considered as the important techniques which increases the decision making power of the management and improves the chances of success. This analysis helps in making the equilibrium between the forces which drive the changes and some which are resist change (Hall, 2010). Other important steps are define below: Step 1: proposal for change This step includes about the process of defining mission and vision of company. This helps in identification of the change and appropriate change models which contributes in achievement of such mission. Step 2: Identification of forces of change This step includes about identification of the forces which are the main drivers of change. Internal drivers
Technological up-gradation Employee morale organisational culture External drivers Competitors Demographic trends Economic environment Step 3: Identification of forces against change This includes the forces which are unfavourable to change. Internal resistors Attitudes of employees External resistors Government legislation Customers Step 4: Assign scores This includes about provide score to the forces which are weak and strong. This includes about the rating of forces according to their effect on business operations. Step 5: Analysis and application This includes about the evaluation of the effect of forces of change and preparation of the plans. This will have huger importance in the application of appropriate theories and model regarding the improvement of organisation. Barriers of change an their impact on decision making of leaders There are large number of barriers are present internally and externally which have the effect on the ability of Starbucks and Costa Coffee regarding the acceptance of change. There is huge impact of such barriers on the decision-making power of leader regarding matters. Different barriers which restrict change are mentioned below: Employees: These are considered as the internal barrier which reduces the ability of the management of Starbucks and Costa Coffee in acceptance of changes. This is so because employees don't wont to changetheir process and method in performance of their functions. This creates the difficulty regarding the implementation of advance
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technology. This will reduces decision making power of leader regarding the completion of tasks on time (Harris, 2012). Government: This is considered as the external barrier which affects the ability of organisation regarding the acceptance of change. Sometimes, government has strict policies regarding the maintenance of quality and environment safely operations. This doesn't allow organisation to adopt new processes. This will affects productivity and brand image of organisation. Environment: It is the important factor which is required to be keep safe by organisation while providing their services. Criticism ofsociety affects the ability of leader regarding taking important decisions. TASK 3 P5 Contribution of different leadership approaches regarding organisational change Leadership approaches are used by the leaders of Starbucks and Costa Coffee for the purpose of development of motivation and leadership skills among employees. There are many leadership approaches like situational, transactional, transformational etc. All these approaches have large importance in development of skills among employees and to deal with changes effectively. The different approaches which are adopt by Starbucks and Costa Coffee are mentioned below: Situational leadership:This theory includes about the change in leadership approach as per different situations which are present in organisation. It is effective approach which provides direction to employees in different situation regarding performance of their functions. This approach of leadership helps in satisfaction of the demand of different customers in different situations. This provides opportunity to the management of both organisation regarding handling of different situations and provides support to employees . In this approach, leaders apply different theories regarding different situations. This will enhance the ability of organisation regarding achievement of their tasks and increase their profitability (Mayfield, 2014). Transactional leadership:This leadership approach provide shape to different functions of organisation to accomplish their targets in more efficient manner. This includes about providence of rewards and compensation to the best employees of company. This will
contributes in motivation of the other employees to work hard and get rewards from management. This also provide the opportunity to employees regarding the handling of higher authorities and development of their professional career. Transformational leadership:It is important leadership approach which is used by the management of both the companies regrading identification of the changes in process and provides direction to their employees regarding solve the problems effectively. This leadership approach highly motivate the employees regarding the acceptance of changes in organisation. This helps in removal of the barriers and improves decision making power of leader. This theory contributes in motivation, building and improving the existing performance of employee. In identification of the changes the leaders should perform work with subordinates and understand their views and feedbacks. CONCLUSION It has been concluded from the above report that, change is the important factors which contributes in the failure and success of organisation. It depends upon the capability of management, regarding how effectively they can identify such changes and apply effective change management models. There are two internal and external factors which are main cause of change in business. Both these factors have positive and negative impact on functions of business. There are many barriers are present internally and externally which restrict to adopt changes in organisation like employees, government etc. All these barriers have large impact on decision making of leaders.
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