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Epidemiology of Tuberculosis among individual more than 18 years in African Countries between 2005-2015

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Added on  2020-10-23

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PUBLIC HEALTH SURVEY INTELLIGENCE TABLE OF CONTENTS Epidemiology of Tuberculosis among individual more than 18 years in African Countries between 2005-2015 1 Context 1 Demographics2 METHODS/ DATA SOURCE3 RESULTS 4 DISCUSSION 10 Strength 11 Limitations 11 CONCLUSION 11 REFERENCES 12 Epidemiology of Tuberculosis among individual more than 18 years in African Countries between 2005-2015 Tuberculosis is an infectious disease which causes damages to the lungs. Thus, use of poor technology

Epidemiology of Tuberculosis among individual more than 18 years in African Countries between 2005-2015

   Added on 2020-10-23

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PUBLIC HEALTH INTELLIGENCE
Epidemiology of Tuberculosis among individual more than 18 years in African Countries between 2005-2015_1
TABLE OF CONTENTSEpidemiology of Tuberculosis among individual more than 18 years in African Countriesbetween 2005-2015..........................................................................................................................1Context.............................................................................................................................................1Demographics..............................................................................................................................2METHODS/ DATA SOURCE........................................................................................................3RESULTS........................................................................................................................................4DISCUSSION................................................................................................................................10Strength......................................................................................................................................11Limitations.................................................................................................................................11CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12
Epidemiology of Tuberculosis among individual more than 18 years in African Countries between 2005-2015_2
Epidemiology of Tuberculosis among individual more than 18 years inAfrican Countries between 2005-2015Tuberculosis is an infectious disease which causes damages to the lungs. This is disease is2nd biggest killer and almost 1.8 million patients have died and 10.4 million are still strugglingfrom this bacterial infection (Tackling the Tuberculosis Epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, 2015).It mainly affects the lungs but it can also affect the other parts of body. There are two kinds ofinfections which is being spread world wide through interacting with an infectious person. Thus,mainly in African country the ratio of TB infected individual and mortality rate was higher suchas it raised to 3% from 2015. It is because the rate of TB cases and mortality had affected thenation due to poverty, inappropriate medical facilities as well as vaccination against suchdisease. Along with this, use of poor technology in diagnosing the disease as well as in adequatevaccination have affected this ratio (TB Statistics - Incidence, prevalence, high burden, 2018).Latent Tuberculosis is the type of infection in which bacteria remains on inactive state inthe body. It generally does not cause any symptoms as well as they are not contagious.Moreover, with no any reaction, symptoms etc. they can cause damage to the body as well asthey can be active anytime. Active Tuberculosis is serious bacterial type of infection in whichservice user experiences several symptoms as well as is easily spread from one person to another.Therefore, it is highly risky and can cause health issues to mass population.ContextTherefore, on the basis of such type of TB bacteria on which it can be estimated there arechances of having 1/3rd of population is being infected with Latent TB. In any part of the body,there will be chances of having this inactive bacterium. Therefore, there are only 10% chances ofLatent TB bacteria to get active (All you need to know about tuberculosis, 2018). It is riskier forthe people who have poor immune system such as people surviving with the life-threateningdiseases such as HIV, Diabetes as well as are malnourished. Along with this, people who smokeregularly have chances to develop TB (Giri et.al., 2018). diseases. It is infectious and thereforespread through air around infected person via laugh, cough, sneeze, etc. It is causedby a type ofbacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It's spread when a person with activeTBdiseasein their lungs coughs or sneezes and someone else inhales the expelled droplets, which containTBbacteria.1
Epidemiology of Tuberculosis among individual more than 18 years in African Countries between 2005-2015_3
DemographicsThere have been impacts of this disease in individuals of all age group. It is the mostcommon diseases mainly in Asian and African countries. In accordance with the recent surveysmade by National Institute for Communicable diseases, in 2012 there were 80% of generalyoung population in developing countries have been infected with this disease. The sample insuch survey was on selected on cluster basis for 349 as planned individual on which 169002 aspatient aged between 18-24 years and 44-65 years. There have been higher chances (20%) ofhaving this infection due to the air pollution as well as various factors which have spread itquickly. In most of the adults, this ratio is comparatively higher as per habit of smoking whichdamages their immune system as well as invites various diseases.Figure 1 Tuberculosis impacts in South Africa(Source: South African Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Survey 2012–14, 2015)Global impacts of Tuberculosis:This is among the most common infectious cause of death which have affected worldwidepopulation especially backwards areas of Asia and African countries. In accordance with thesurvey of 2006 which have reflected that there were 9.2 million cases where 1.7 million had beendied due to TB and in 2017 there were 1,600,000 deaths on which 234,000 were children below16 years. Thus, on which the major cases had been found in Asia while in Africa there have been2
Epidemiology of Tuberculosis among individual more than 18 years in African Countries between 2005-2015_4

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