Research Project

Research Project
(To identify the role of cultural diversity
and its importance in managing
productivity at workplace)

Contents
Executive summary.............................................................................................................................3
Methodology........................................................................................................................................4
Results/ Findings..................................................................................................................................7
Discussion...........................................................................................................................................12
Conclusion..........................................................................................................................................17
Recommendation...............................................................................................................................17
Reflection............................................................................................................................................17
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................20
Appendix............................................................................................................................................21

Executive summary
Main intent behind conducting this report is to identify the role of cultural diversity
and its importance in managing productivity at workplace. This is a main purpose and in
order to accomplish this purpose, different numbers of activities or tasks were completed by
researcher. Literature review is a main activity that was done by using number of secondary
sources such as articles, magazines, books etc. Research methodology is another activity that
was important for researcher in gathering as well as analysing of reliable information with the
use of questionnaire. Results were described by the researcher by using frequency
distribution analysis and Ms-Excel for making effective graphs. Discussion was done by
interpreting primary data and relating with this data to the literature review. Conclusion was
completed by researcher by presenting entire information in short manner. Recommendations
were done by providing suggestions to the company about the improvements that are related
with the topic. Reflection is a last part that was done by explaining experience and
effectiveness of research methods in accomplishing of research aim and objectives.

Methodology
Methodology refers to the significant part of study that will helps researcher in
gathering as well as evaluating of data in appropriate and relevant ways. There are some
methods that will be beneficial in completing of full research which will be described as
below:
Research Philosophy: This section has two types of philosophy which are positivism
and interpretivisim. Both are essential but doing current study, positivism philosophy will be
applied because it support in collecting and analysing of quantitative information regarding
the role of cultural diversity and its importance in managing productivity at workplace within
limited time duration (Amjad and et. al., 2018).
Research approach: There are two approaches of study which are known as inductive
and deductive. These are essential but for conducting this investigation, deductive approach
will be applied because it facilitate in analysing of data in form of quantitative and in less
time duration. On the other side, inductive is another approach that is not helpful for
researcher in performing of present study over the role of cultural diversity because it takes
maximum time of researcher and not provide information in quantitative manner (Wu and et.
al., 2018).
Data collection: Data collection is the essential process of collecting information
regarding the field of study. There are basically two types of sources that will be used within
an investigation for collecting primary as well as secondary information. Questionnaire has
been applied by researcher for gathering primary information (Barak, 2016). On the other
side, secondary is another source of data collection that helps investigator in gathering of in-
depth and accurate information from number of sources such as magazines, books, articles,
publication research etc. Therefore, within a current study, both primary and secondary
sources of data collection are useful.
Sampling: Sampling within an investigation refers to the process of sample selection.
For selecting sample, there are two techniques or methods which are probability and non-
probability. These techniques are essential but for selecting sample size according to the
exiting topic or study, simple random sampling under probability sampling has been followed
because it helps in saving time and also selection of large number of sample size. However,
non-probability type of sampling is not appropriate for current investigation because it is

based on small number of sample size and also need maximum time period (Schilpzand, De
Pater and Erez, 2016).
Research instruments: There are number of research instruments which are
interview, questionnaire, observation, focus group etc. All are consider effective instruments
but for collecting information or data about the role of diversity, questionnaire has been
applied by investigator because it is useful in gathering of valid and reliable data within less
time as compare to other instruments of study (Gjesfjeld and et. al., 2020). Questionnaire
according to the current project will be presented as below:
Q1) Do you aware about the concept of cultural diversity? Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10
Q2) Does managing cultural diversity is important at
workplace in increasing employees’ productivity?
Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20
Q3) What are the major benefits of managing cultural
diversity acquire by Apple at working area?
Frequency
a) Promote creativity 20
b) Increase employee productivity 20
c) Enhance innovation 10
Q4) What kind of challenges faced by Apple due to cultural
diversity at working area?
Frequency
a) Cultural barriers 20
b) Develop negative working environment 15
c) Reduce employee productivity 15
Q5) What are the alternative ways by which Apple can
overcome from the issue of cultural diversity?
Frequency
a) Strong leadership 20
b) Proper training and development 20
c) Provide equal opportunity 10
Q6) According to you, managing diversity at working area
help in enhancing performance level of company at market
place?
Frequency

a) Yes 35
b) No 15
Q7) Does spreading awareness about cultural diversity among
employees is important for Apple Inc to enhance productivity
level?
Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20
Q8) Is managing cultural diversity help in building positive
relation among staff members?
Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10
Q9) As per your view point, how Apple Inc promotes diversity
at working area?
Frequency
a) Promote a positive learning climate 30
b) Encourage employee interaction 10
c) Proper flexibility at workplace 10
Ethical consideration: Within a current study, research ethics played an important
role in completing full study ethically. There are some values or principles of research ethics
that must be require using by researcher. These principles are specifically related with safety
of confidentiality and anonymity, reducing the threat of harm, acquiring informed consent,
warding off use of misleading practices and presenting right to withdraw to the studies
members. All those are predominant concepts that should be following within a research by
way of researcher because it allows them in completion of full dissertation ethically in
addition to successfully (Gurung and Prater, 2017).
Research reliability and validity: This introduces to the powerful and critical part of
study’s methodology as it help in checking out of validity and reliability of look at. For this
segment of method, questionnaire is extra appropriate because it aid investigator in
accumulating and analysing of data about the topic in dependable and valid way. Therefore,
this can support in gaining of legitimate consequences without problems and accomplishment
of studies aim and objectives inside constrained time period and in powerful manner (Han
and Beyerlein, 2016).

Results/ Findings
This is an important part of study that helps investigator in identification id number of
respondents and their view ablaut the questions. For results, there is need for researcher to
make graphs and tables. Graphs will be made with the help of Ms-Excel that is effective in
presenting of data in graphical manner. Along with this, for analysing data, frequency
distribution table has been made that support investigator in analysing of quantitative
information systematically (Jimenez, Boehe, Taras and Caprar, 2017). Distribution table and
graphs has been mentioned as below:
Q1) Do you aware about the concept of cultural diversity? Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10
a) Yes b) No
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
40
10
Frequency
Frequency
Q2) Does managing cultural diversity is important at
workplace in increasing employees’ productivity?
Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20

a) Yes b) No
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
30
20
Frequency
Frequency
Q3) What are the major benefits of managing cultural
diversity acquire by Apple at working area?
Frequency
a) Promote creativity 20
b) Increase employee productivity 20
c) Enhance innovation 10
a) Promote
creativity b) Increase
employee
productivity
c) Enhance
innovation
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
20 20
10
Frequency
Frequency
Q4) What kind of challenges faced by Apple due to cultural
diversity at working area?
Frequency
a) Cultural barriers 20
b) Develop negative working environment 15
c) Reduce employee productivity 15

a) Cultural
barriers b) Develop
negative working
environment
c) Reduce
employee
productivity
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
20
15 15
Frequency
Frequency
Q5) What are the alternative ways by which Apple can
overcome from the issue of cultural diversity?
Frequency
a) Strong leadership 20
b) Proper training and development 20
c) Provide equal opportunity 10
a) Strong
leadership b) Proper
training and
development
c) Provide
equal opportunity
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
20 20
10
Frequency
Frequency
Q6) According to you, managing diversity at working area
help in enhancing performance level of company at market
place?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 15

a) Yes b) No
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
35
15
Frequency
Frequency
Q7) Does spreading awareness about cultural diversity among
employees is important for Apple Inc to enhance productivity
level?
Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20
1 2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
30
20
Chart Title
Q7) Does spreading awareness about cultural diversity among employees is important
for Apple Inc to enhance productivity level?
Frequency
Q8) Is managing cultural diversity help in building positive
relation among staff members?
Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10

1 2
0 0
40
10
Chart Title
Q8) Is managing cultural diversity help in building positive relation among staff
members?
Frequency
Q9) As per your view point, how Apple Inc promotes diversity
at working area?
Frequency
a) Promote a positive learning climate 30
b) Encourage employee interaction 10
c) Proper flexibility at workplace 10
a) Promote a
positive learning
climate
b) Encourage
employee
interaction
c) Proper
flexibility at
workplace
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
30
10 10
Frequency
Frequency

Discussion
This is another important part of the research report that will helps researcher in
interpreting and evaluating of results of the study. This section of the research is based on
findings which are related with literature review (Mousa and Alas, 2016). This will support
researcher in gaining of valid outcomes and achieving of research aim and objectives easily.
Interpretation of primary data and their relation with literature review has been explained as
below:
Theme 1: Awareness about the concept of cultural diversity.
Interpretation: Unlike other things, globalisation has provided a large number of
benefits to the organisation who are operating their business at global level. Company can
now have an opportunity to select suitable candidates from the large pool of talents.
According to respondents, 40 out of 50 participants go with the option “Yes”, which means
that they are aware about the concept of cultural diversity which means they know that
cultural diversity means accepting and respecting people who are from other culture. It
provides every individual with an identity that makes him/her different or unique from one
another. However, cultural diversity includes various parameters and elements such as
ethnicity, race, gender etc., and it becomes prime responsibility of superiors or mangers to
manage and maintain gender equality at workplace. Moreover, believes that culture diversity
while working in a workplace provides with an opportunity to work with people who are
from diverse culture and also increase the productivity level of both company and individual.
Whereas, other 10 respondents don’t know anything about the concept of cultural diversity
and how maintaining the same at workplace can provide benefits in terms of profit and an
increased market share.
Theme 2: Managing cultural diversity is important at workplace in increasing
employees’ productivity.
Interpretation: Cultural diversity, for a company has become one of the major
sources in relation to increasing the value and profitability at the market area. Now, while
performing an activity company can have a lot of ideas which however, enables company in
getting their job done in a unique and creative manner. As per the responses collected from
respondents, it has been evaluated that 30 numbers of participants out of 50 believe that
“Yes”, managing cultural diversity within the organisation always helps in increasing the
productivity of an employee. It helps in improving community relations which furthermore,

assist company in performing any kind of activity under a single umbrella. All these
respondents also think that having a culturally diverse workplace provides with a variety of
perspectives and this is because of the critical thinking process of individuals who are
associated with the action. Whereas, other respondents i.e. 20 out of 50 participants thinks
that cultural diversity has not role in increasing the productivity level of an employee at
workplace. As it is all about the knowledge they acquire and handwork they do in order to
achieve the goals and objectives in a speculated time frame.
Theme 3: Major benefits of managing cultural diversity acquire by Apple at working
area.
Interpretation: If an organisation, easily manage the cultural diversity at workplace
than they can attain benefits from the same. Thus, it is required that an effective rules and
regulations are developed, regulated and maintained. This will help the organisation in
getting activities done in an effective manner. Moreover, as per the viewpoints of 20
respondents, they think that managing cultural diversity promotes creativity because it helps
in thinking about the same task with different mind sets. Thus, employees will come up with
better new ideas in order to perform an activity. Besides this, better decision making will be
possible and as a result, company can achieve what they have thought of achieving. Whereas,
while talking about other 20 participants, they believe that having a proper management at
workplace enhance the productivity level of employees because it provides leverage to
workers to think according to their better innovative abilities and provides company with
better problem-solving measures. Lastly, remaining 10 respondents think that by managing
cultural diversity, company can enhance innovation. Reason behind this is proper employee
engagement because employees from diverse group encourage workers in involving
themselves truly in the job. As a result, it creates a sense of belongingness towards the
company and moreover, in context with company they get a better opportunity if building
great reputation.
Therefore, whatever the company is whether working at global level or at local level
whether it is small, medium or large if management of the company succeeds in managing
cultural diversity than firm will not only be able to increase its profits but will become
capable of providing effective services and facilities in a speculated time frame (Ravazzani,
2016).
Theme 4: Challenges faced by Apple due to cultural diversity at working area.

Interpretation: While managing diversity at working area, business organization face
various issues and problems because due to diverse culture workforce also fail in performing
their task and activities. These can be put negative impact over the employee performance
and at the same time also reduce their motivation level. In this, 20 out of 50 respondents think
that cultural barrier is major issue faced by company at working area that develop adverse
impact over the employee performance. In addition of this, 15 people think that it also
develops negative working environment that reduce workers motivation towards the set goals
ad objectives. On the other hand, rest of 15 participants said that it may also reduce employee
productivity through which workers fails in achieving their objectives in an effective manner.
Theme 5: Alternative ways by which Apple can overcome from the issue of cultural
diversity.
Interpretation: Managing cultural diversity is not an easy task for company because
it creates various issues and complexities at working area because workers are from different
culture and background. This is the reason that company use alternative ways to overcome
from the issues that arise due to diverse culture. With the assistance of this, firm can easily
improve their performance and also enhance employee productivity. In relation to this, 20 out
of 50 people think that strong leadership is one of the effective ways that help company in
eliminating the issue of cultural diversity as it support in leading workers in order to make
them able in performing their best and at the same time also attain their set goals and
objectives. In addition of this, 20 respondents give their views that providing proper training
and development is help in improving employees ‘skills and knowledge about the specified
target and objectives. This can be beneficial in improving their efficiency level and at the
same time also influence them to give their best efforts to accomplishing their targets.
Furthermore, remaining 20 participants said that providing equal opportunities to each and
every staff members also help in managing diversity and equality at working area. As
employees can easily perform their task along with diverse workforce by managing their
relation with others. All these are directly contributes enhancing the possibilities retaining
workers for longer period of time within the business. It also beneficial in reducing employee
turnover that support in establishing positive and famous brand image at market place.
Theme 6: Managing diversity at working area help in enhancing performance level of
company at market place.

Interpretation: In business organization, different people are working who are totally
different from culture and nation as well. Mainly, cultural diversity plays a significant role in
creating innovation as working area as it helps in increasing profitability level of the
company. Along with this it is also beneficial in developing positive brand image at market
place by reducing its employee turnover. In this context, 35out of 40 people give their view
that managing diversity at working area may help in making employees more productive
through which they can easily execute their task and activities. On the other side, remaining
15 participants are not aware about this theme.
Theme 7: Spreading awareness about cultural diversity among employees is important
for Apple Inc to enhance productivity level.
Interpretation: From the preceding graphical represents that promoting cultural
diversity at working area is important because it support company in inviting talent and skills
workers who are able to perform their task in a group and also share healthy relation at
workplace. In this context, spreading awareness at working area is effective through which
employees are aware about diversity and its influences. This will also contribute in keeping
workers more productive and efficient who contributes in accomplishing positive and
competitive image at market place. In relation to this, 30 out of 50 people give their views
that diverse culture may aid in developing productive workplace wherein all the employees
perform their work effectively and also tries to attain their targets without any kind of issues
and obstacles. Apart from this, remaining 20 participants think that spreading awareness
about cultural diversity does not important in enhancing productivity level of the workers and
company as well.
Theme 8: Managing cultural diversity help in building positive relation among staff
members.
Interpretation: Managing cultural diversity is important for every business
organization as it help workers in developing positive and healthy relation with each other’s.
As company operate their business at wider scale wherein, they recruit large and diverse
workforce who belongs to different culture and background as well. This can be beneficial in
developing healthy working environment in which staff members easily perform their task
and activities along with higher productivity level. With the help of this, workers always try
to managing healthy relation with others by sharing their view points. It directly contributes
in enhancing employee’s performance and at the same time also encourage them to take

participates in entire business activities. With the help of this, company can easily build their
competitive and famous brand image at market place. In this context, 40 out of 50 people
give their views that by managing diverse culture employees is able to develop as well as
build positive relation with other staff members and remaining 10 respondents are not aware
about the time and does not have any ideas about managing diversity at working area.
Theme 9: Apple Inc promotes diversity at working area.
Interpretation: As per preceding graphical representation it can be evaluated that it is
important for business organization to promote equality and diversity at working at area as it
helps in developing positive working environment. This can be beneficial in developing
competitive brand image. In this regard, 30 out of 50 respondents think that promoting a
positive learning climate at working is an effective way that used by company with the aim of
making employees able and eligible to attain their targets. Along with this, 10 participants
think that encouraging employee interaction is also help in promoting as well as managing
cultural diversity at working area. Apart from this, rest of 10 people give their views that
providing proper flexibility at workplace support workers in making able in accepting all
kind of changes in an effective manner. This will directly contribute in enhancing overall
performance of the company.

Conclusion
From the above mentioned information, it has been concluded that most of the
participants are aware regarding the cultural diversity and its role within an organisation.
There are number of roles and benefits played by cultural diversity at workplace of company
such as promoted creativity, increased employee productivity and enhanced innovation. All
these are effective for business performance and in accomplishment of competitive
advantages easily. Apart from this, there are also different issues analysed that were faced by
company while managing diversity at working area such as cultural barriers, negative
working environment and reduced productivity level of employees. These are main issues
that have negative effect over business performance and growth of company. Apart from this,
number of ways used by company for company issues associated with the cultural diversity.
These ways are developed strong leadership, providence of training and development and
providence of equal opportunities. There, all these are effective that were supported company
in improvement of its business performance. Along with this, different ways were also
followed by an organisation for promoting diversity at workplace. These are, encouraged
employee interactions, promote a positive learning criminate and proper flexibility at
workplace.
Recommendation
From the above mentioned data, there is need of suitable changes and solutions that
will be used by Apple Inc for managing cultural diversity at workplace. These solutions will
be explained as below:
 Apple Inc. should also supply alternative of bendy running to their divers and other
personnel. As it aid company by using keeping employees for long time and also
assist to boom client’s base. As educated and satisfied staff could be able to address
patron's complainants and offer higher services which lead to help commercial
enterprise with the aid of growing its sales.
 Apple Inc. Should offer war resolution education to their divers’ staff as it aids them
in reduction of struggle or misunderstanding among personnel. It will in addition
assist a business enterprise in development of its performance.

Reflection
In order to meet with studies goals I used specific strategies for accumulating
statistics about the topic. I used questionnaire for amassing of primary facts. It is a powerful
method because it supported me via supplying data in reliable and quantitative way. This
method also helped me by means of saving my time and presenting appropriate statistics
about the subject. In order to accumulate secondary records I used books, journals etc.
Sources that helped in overcoming studies gap and attainment of studies aim and goals.
There is recommendation for opportunity study’s methodology that is Interview. It is an
alternative instrument of questionnaire as a way to also assist researcher in gathering of
number one information. In this respondents are free to provide their view and opinions about
the subject. Along with this by way of doing this investigation I found out about the
advantages of cultural range and bad effect of verbal exchange at place of work.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Amjad, M. and et. al., 2018. A review of EVs charging: From the perspective of energy
optimization, optimization approaches, and charging techniques. Transportation
Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 62. pp.386-417.
Barak, M. E. M., 2016. Managing diversity: Toward a globally inclusive workplace. Sage
Publications.
Gjesfjeld, E. And et. al., 2020. A quantitative workflow for modeling diversification in
material culture. PLoS One. 15(2). p.e0227579.
Gurung, A. and Prater, E., 2017. A research framework for the impact of cultural differences
on IT outsourcing. In Global sourcing of services: strategies, issues and
challenges (pp. 49-82).
Han, S. J. and Beyerlein, M., 2016. Framing the effects of multinational cultural diversity on
virtual team processes. Small group research. 47(4). pp.351-383.
Jimenez, A., Boehe, D. M., Taras, V. and Caprar, D. V., 2017. Working across boundaries:
Current and future perspectives on global virtual teams. Journal of International
Management. 23(4). pp.341-349.
Mousa, M. and Alas, R., 2016. Cultural diversity and organizational commitment: A study on
teachers of primary public schools in Menoufia (Egypt). International business
research. 9(7). pp.154-163..
Ravazzani, S., 2016. Understanding approaches to managing diversity in the
workplace. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal.
Schilpzand, P., De Pater, I. E. and Erez, A., 2016. Workplace incivility: A review of the
literature and agenda for future research. Journal of Organizational behaviour. 37.
pp.S57-S88.
Wu, Y. and et. al., 2018. A survey of physical layer security techniques for 5G wireless
networks and challenges ahead. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in
Communications. 36(4). pp.679-695.

Appendix
Questionnaire
Q1) Do you aware about the concept of cultural diversity?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) Does managing cultural diversity is important at workplace in increasing
employees ‘productivity?
a) Yes
b) No
Q3) What are the major benefits of managing cultural diversity acquire by Apple at
working area?
a) Promote creativity
b) Increase employee productivity
c) Enhance innovation
Q4) What kind of challenges faced by Apple due to cultural diversity at working area?
a) Cultural barriers
b) Develop negative working environment
c) Reduce employee productivity
Q5) What are the alternative ways by which Apple can overcome from the issue of
cultural diversity?
a) Strong leadership
b) Proper training and development
c) Provide equal opportunity
Q6) According to you, managing diversity at working area help in enhancing
performance level of company at market place?
a) Yes
b) No
Q7) Dispreading awareness about cultural diversity among employees is important for
Apple Inc to enhance productivity level?
a) Yes
b) No
Q8) Is managing cultural diversity help in building positive relation among staff

members?
a) Yes
b) No
Q9) As per your view point, how Apple Inc promote diversity at working area?
a) Promote a positive learning climate
b) Encourage employee interaction
c) Proper flexibility at workplace
Q10) Recommended the ways by which company can manage diversity at working area
to attain success.