People and organization : assignment
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Added on 2020-01-06
People and organization : assignment
Added on 2020-01-06
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People and Organization1
INTRODUCTION To develop a good organization and become a leader of the organization, it is important tobuild a good workforce. It is essential for the management that development of people in such asdirection so that they can help in achieving business objectives and aims. Many of the firm focuson getting the right people with the right skills for job position. It is needed to ensure thatemployees should have the appropriate skills or not. The present research is based on People andOrganization and to understand its importance, a case of Enterprise Rent-A-Car is taking into theconsideration. It is an international car rental company which is doing its business in NorthAmerica. It provides a service to the customers to use of car. To deliver the excellent services tothe end users, cited organization trains its employees and motivate them. The following isdividing into two parts in which first section will be related to different motivation andleadership approaches and various communication techniques used by the company. Second onewill be related to feedback process and performance management methods use by firm totranslate individual performance into a development plan. PART 1TASK 1Assessment of motivation and leadership approaches with Enterprise by using theory and practical examplesThe case study of Enterprise Rent-A-Car (Enterprise) defines that how its managersexplore the ways to motivate the staff. In the present time, company has more than 750000 rentalcars in the services at the international level. The focus of the firm is deliver good services to thecustomers and meets their satisfaction level. To achieve this objective, Enterprise knows that it isimportant to motivate employees because company prides itself on providing excellent customerservices. In this context, organization determines various factors that are non financial anddeliver high level of motivation to its employees (About, 2016). For this, cited firm appliesseveral motivational and leadership approaches which assessment is as follows:Motivational approachesMotivation is a driving force which gives a reason to individual to do something good. It3
is belonging to each and every person so it is essential to determine those driving forces whichmotivate individual. Some employees may be motivated by working in a team where others canbe a driver for each and every one to make a difference (About, 2016). Some motivationapproaches use by Enterprise Rent-A-Car (Enterprise) and their evaluation is as follows:Maslow hierarchy of needsIts 8 factors fit closely with the motivation of human resources in an organization.According to the following model, with the application of hierarchy of needs, workers may fulfiltheir wants (Turner, Conkel, Starkey and Landgraf, 2010). At the lower level, they entail goodpay so that they can fulfil their basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter etc. Second level issafety needs in which an employee expects safety needs from the employer to feel secure at theworkplace. At social level, staff member requires a need for affection, support andencouragement from the colleagues. At fourth self esteem stage, employee looks for self respectand the respects form others. At self actualization level, worker needs an opportunity for personalfulfilment (Pinder, 2014). Enterprise Rent-A-Car impose Maslow hierarchy needs to motivate its employees in theeffective manner so that set objectives can be achieved. From the evaluation of followingmotivation theory, it has determined that to fulfil the basic needs of staff, company pay goodwages to them (Schunk, D.H. and Zimmerman, B.J., 2012). Along with this, it also provides thefood and water facilities to the employees within the workplace. In safety needs, Enterprise givesjob security to the workers by insurance and different health and safety policies. For the same,during the work, personal protective equipments also give by the firm to its staff members fortheir safety and security (What is motivation?, 2016). Further, management creates a friendlyenvironment to the workforce which helps in develop trust between owner and employees. Itmeets the social needs of the workers and motivates them in the right direction. Apart from this,Enterprise gives recognition to the work of the staff members by promotion, performanceappraisals, increase job responsibilities, etc. With the help of this, it increases the level of selfesteem in the workers and motivates them. In addition to this, to achieve self actualization,organization provides opportunities to workforce to learn something new and for this, it organizevarious training and development programs. So, with the application of Maslow hierarchy ofneeds, Enterprise Rent-A-Car effectively motivates the employees and meets their needs and4
wants (Knowles, Anokhina and Serpell, 2013). Frederick HerzbergFrederick Herzberg motivation theory defines that actual motivation comes from internal.Good pay and working conditions type’s factors stop employees to de-motivate. According to thefollowing theory, there are two factors: hygiene and motivators factors. Hygiene feature maycauses dissatisfaction in the working environment and but cannot motivate by themselves (Millerand Rollnick, 2012). Motivators factors motivates and the staff and make them more productive.In the case of Enterprise Rent-A-Car, there are number of de-motivating factors present withinthe workplace and these are lack of proper organization structure, lack of effective method offeedback, unable to understand why a task is essential and lack of consequences for poorperformance. To overcome all these issues and motivate the employees, Enterprise use FrederickHerzberg motivation theory. Under this, organization divides factors into hygiene and motivatorscategories (Lin and Lu, 2011). From the evaluation of the following framework, it has found that Enterprise starts givetraining to its all branches managers to identify and workout on to reduce the impacts of de-motivating elements on the employees. For this, company introduce a new system which iscalled “The Vote” (Herzberg, Mausner and Snyderman, 2011). With the help of this, assessmentof each and every employee takes place to determine their performance level. By doing this, thebest performer and most improved employee can be finding out and it’s communicated in allbranches. By giving recognition to the efforts to the staff, it becomes easy for the company toshow that its employees are valuable. So, this is the way by which firm can identify those whomay need additional motivation. On the other hand, organization also gives training to themanagers so that they enable to motivate employees in non-management roles. For this, achecklist of actions prepares that takes by managers from employees (Wlodkowski, 2011). Apartfrom this, managers of Enterprise also motivate staff via informal competitions and givingopportunities to lead the team and develop new skills Leadership approaches Enterprise Rent-A-Car uses two different models of leadership: Kurt Lewin and DanielGoleman. The aim of following both of the approaches by the organization is to achieve theobjectives of the business. Evaluation of both leadership styles is as follows:5
Kurt LewinThe selection following approach depends on the style of the leader and the determineoutcomes. It includes three different styles: Autocratic, Democratic and Laissez-faire. ByEnterprise use autocratic style because there are some decisions which need to be taken bymanagement itself without involving the employees (Akers, 2013). Mainly, organization useskills of its workers to deliver high level of customer services. For this, company develops somestandards to provide good customer services and managers instruct all staffs to follow guidelinesfor dealing with customers. A branch manager sets the same standards for the entire team butencourage them to adopt flexible and responsive different approaches to follow the set standards.This thing ensures that end users get the services as they are expecting from the firm(AlMazrouei and Zacca, 2015). For example, Andy Taylor insisted all branches to use ESQi (Enterprise Service QualityIndex) which is a measure of customer satisfaction. With the help of this, he ensures thatbusiness objective can effectively meet. On the other hand, The Vice President of CorporateCommunications for Enterprise established an environmental committee. The aim of this was toinfluence the behaviour in order to reduce waste and improve carbon footprint. As an industryleader, organization sets high standards to minimize the impact of rental cars operations onenvironment. These examples show the application of autocratic style at Enterprise (Autocraticstyle, 2016). Daniel GolemanDaniel Goleman leadership style divides leadership into six styles: Visionary /Authoritative, Coaching, Affiliative, Democratic, Pacesetting and Commanding / Coercive(Democratic style, 2016). From these, Enterprise use democratic leadership approach to makedecisions in many parts of the business (Avolio and Mhatre, 2012). Organization givesopportunities to its employees to contribute ideas at the of decision making process. Under this,manager first takes decisions and then persuades staff to make the right decisions. Along withthis, sometimes managers invite groups in contributing to make decisions. So, with the help ofDaniel Goleman leadership style, Enterprise enables to deliver good customer services andachieve business objectives in more effective manner (Barrick and et.al., 2013). 6
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