Classical Management Theories and Leadership Styles - PDF
Added on 2021-06-01
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Table of ContentsIntroduction:................................................................................................................................................3Learning outcome 1: Classical management theories and leadership styles................................................31.1.Scientific Management Theory:...................................................................................................31.2.Administrative theory:.................................................................................................................31.3.Classical management approach in Hilton:..................................................................................51.4.Leadership style:..........................................................................................................................6Learning outcome 2: Internal and external factors that influence management styles and structure in a service industry context...............................................................................................................................72.1. Internal factors:.................................................................................................................................72.2. External factors:................................................................................................................................82.3. Sustainable management:.................................................................................................................8Learning Outcome 3: Current and future management and leadership skills for the service sector.............8Learning Outcome 4: Management and leadership skills in service industry context................................10Conclusion:...............................................................................................................................................11References:................................................................................................................................................122
Introduction:Hilton hotel is one of the largest hotel chains in the world with 6110 properties that consist of971,780 rooms. It has celebrated its 100 year of hospitality in 2019. Being the most hospitablecompany in the world through creating heartfelt experience for the guests, meaningfulopportunities for the employees and high value for the owner is the mission of the company. Sustainability has become a core concern in the tourism and hospitality industry. Like manyother global hospitality brands, sustainability is one of the core concerns of Hilton. The purposeof this report is to demonstrate how leaders and managers in tourism and hospitality industrytransform their businesses through strategic approach to sustainability. Learning outcome 1: Classical management theories and leadership stylesOver the decades there are various management theories and approaches have been developed todescribe the ideas setting the usual rules on how to manage an organization. Managementtheories are the collection of ideas which set fort general rules on how to manage anorganization. They demonstrate how supervisors and manager relate to their business in theknowledge of its objectives, the execution of effective means to accomplish the goals and how tomotivate the subordinates to offer their best efforts in achieving the organizational goals (Limor,2019).There are various notable classical or traditional management theories including scientificmanagement theory, administrative management and bureaucratic organisations. 1.1.Scientific Management Theory:Scientific management perspective is the first among the classical perspective of management.Frederic W. Taylor proposed one best way to do things. Scientific theory is applied to low levelroutine and repetitive tasks which could be management at supervisory level as according to thistheory, managers are superior intellectually to the average employees as well as they have apositive responsibility to supervise their subordinates and organize their tasks. According to Taylor, scientific management theory is based on the following four principles:1.A manager or supervisor should develop a best methodology for each task scientifically.2.The best individual should be selected to perform the task and ensure that best training isgiven. 3.It is managers’ responsibility to ensure that best person perform the task using the bestmethodology. 4.Managers should ensure that the worker is responsible only for the actual jobperformance (Robbins and Coulter, 2012). 1.2.Administrative theory: The general administrative theory is one of the contemporary classical management theorieswhich is based on traditional or administrative principles. Henry Fayol is considered as the fatherof modern management for his contribution in the classical management field, mainly focusing3
on the operational approach through 14 management principles and emphasizing 5 basicfunctions of managers’ performance (Sridhar, 2017). Table 1: 14 management principles Based on Sridhar (2017) and Robbins and Coulter (2012)According to Henry Fayol, there are five basic functions of management performance (Robbinsand Coulter, 2012). A manager or supervisor should address these functions (figure 1) based onrationality, logic and consistency (Sridhar, 2017). 4
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