Change Management Guide Analysis

This assignment requires an in-depth analysis of a range of resources related to change management. Students must examine the provided academic articles, books, and online materials to understand diverse perspectives and approaches to leading organizational change. The analysis should encompass various factors influencing successful change implementation, such as balancing autonomy and power, risk management, sensemaking, and authentic leadership.

Understanding and Leading
Change

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................2
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Comparison of various organization and impact of change on the organizational operation
and strategy.................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2 ....................................................................................................................................5
P2. Internal and external change drivers which affect team, individual and leadership
behaviour.....................................................................................................................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P4. Explain different barriers for change and determine how they influence leadership
decision-making..........................................................................................................................7
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
P5. Different leadership approaches to dealing with change in a range of organisational
contexts.....................................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Understanding and leading change is an effective aspect in any kind of organization in
that leaders will be able to adopt many different things more effectively. Leadership is a
management approach in that leaders have to play different role instead of being superior when
changes occur in the leading scenario (Yoder-Wise, 2014). This is a type of strategy which can
be utilized by any company in order to make changes and achieve objectives and goals. In
addition to this change is not stationary, it is continuous process of constructing various thinking
with the creativity and innovative ideas. It is very essential for company to adopt smooth running
operations and flexibility which can bring with more creativity in innovative manner. In the
given report organization which is chosen is Starbucks that is multinational organization, deals
with coffee products. This assignment will mainly focus on external and internal drivers and
impact of change on organization.
MAIN BODY
TASK 1
P1 Comparison of various organization and impact of change on the organizational operation and
strategy
At present every and each business is operating their business with motive that they can
earn more profit in the present competitive marketplace. It operates in the chaining environment
for this purpose organization require to adopt changes which is depend on their customer
demands or situation needs so that company can provide their products more effectively. There
are several changes which take place during operating the function of business and their day to
day activities. As the Starbucks, is largest organization which deals with coffee products
worldwide. This organization has been facing several carnages when it was performing business
in market(Doppelt, 2017). So it is required for organization to make changes as per requirements
and needs so that it will be easier for them to compete in marketplace with other organization so
that they can fulfil their motive.
Comparison between Starbucks and Costa Coffee as well as their impacts on organizational
operation and strategy are given below:
Basis Starbucks Costa Coffee

Competency based strategy This is very essential for any
organization to estimate wants
and needs of the customer's so
that they can bring more
creative and innovative
product in the market as per
preferences and taste of
customers. The particular
organization Starbucks is
bringing different and
innovative ranges of the coffee
and related products so that
they can fulfil demands of
customer and satisfy them.
As Costa Coffee has different
products like mock tails and
infusion with broad range of
variety. This company does
not focus on needs of
customers but this organization
is offering different range of
products with creativity with
offerings (Espedal, 2017).
Increasing price In this, when an organization
has to retain the good image in
market which is more
competitive then they have to
raise price 50% but increasing
price of product can be turned
up as negative image in
customers. In order to maintain
their image in market again
they have to decrease price
range.
With different kind of effective
use and innovation strategies
Costa Coffee is able to take
competitive position in the
market.
Promotion tools and their
techniques
Starbucks required to bring
with some creative and
innovative products and also
effective promotion tools
which will attract more
Costa Coffee does not
advertise their products so
people do not get to knows
changes which are brought by
organization. They need to

number of customers (Daft and
Marcic, 2016).
change their strategies which
can promote their product
more in market.
Therefore, above components will impact on the strategy and operation of business. Thus
organization has to improve the quality of their product in such a way that large customer can
attract towards it.
TASK 2
P2. Internal and external change drivers which affect team, individual and leadership behaviour
In any company, leadership is a process the capability to make decision and along with
that inspire the respective team in order to perform their responsibilities and roles in effective
way (England, 2016). Leadership plays major role in any organization to help it to achieve their
targets, objectives and goals within the stipulated period. Certainly there are some drivers which
are making impact on the leadership, individual behaviour and team and operations of business
as well, they are explained below:
External drivers: These drivers defined as drivers that are uncontrolled and can affect
business operations and functions in any organization. Starbucks is discussed their drivers of
change by using PEST analysis.
Political factors: These factors are referred as factors that includes regulation, political
stability, rules, tax policy, foreign policy and governmental interferences. All these factors
indirectly or directly impact on the business operations and function of particular organization.
For such popular and worldwide organization required to cope up with various anticipated and
future policies, so leader can make some decisions and actions can be taken to maintain
individual behaviour and team work in particular organization.
Economic factors: Economic factors are joint with micro and macro economic factors
like supply and demand of services & goods, consuming pattern or interest rate changes of
customers. These factors affect the changes which are occurring in competitive market. Leaders
of the Starbucks required to determine changes economic stability of respective country where
this organization can operating business that will help them to understand driver of changes

(Hillson and Murray-Webster, 2017). In case if consuming patterns change organization has to
make change according to that.
Social factors: These factors are made up of demographic, customer's buying pattern and
cultural in the marketplace. Social factors directly effect particular organization as this is
associated with people's pattern of consumption (Iveroth and Hallencreutz, 2015). Leaders of
particular organization has to analysis market value of different related products so that they can
make right decision regarding any product or changes in organization. An appropriate decision
has to make according to services and product which can fulfil demand and requirements of
customers and make them satisfy.
Technological factors: In this factor different views and new innovative ideas with
advanced techniques and tools so that company can provide services and offer products in
different way. This will help team members to raise their sales with the help of online portal so
that organization can increase their efficiency.
Internal factors: These factors defined as factors that are under control of particular
organization. This commonly consists of factors such as marketing issues, cultural differences or
workplace, man power and finance which will impact on individual behaviour and team
members. There are specific internal factors such as:
Financial management: It plays most effective role in order to make proper allocation of
raising funds or budget which will bring innovative products. Funds are necessary to control and
mange business operation as well as this also helps to gain profit within market of came industry
line. This is very important for leaders and mangers to construct well allocation of funding in
order to maintain their brand's image. And also making strategies which will help to increase
their product's sale. In addition to that they need to encourage and motivate their employees by
giving bonus, incentives to achieve their targets and goals in particular period of time.
Cultural differences: Cultural is very essential in any kind of organization as employees
comes from different nation so their religion and region will be different. For this kind of
purpose it is essential for particular organization to regulate and maintain good culture, this will
make every employee more comfortable in that environment as well as it will decrease their
hesitation with their team members (Rogers and Marres, 2016). Leaders core duty is to avoid
quarrel and making peaceful environment at workplace.

According to above mentioned external and internal drivers of changes which are
impacting the business operation as well as their function. Leaders of organization required to
maintain stability for all these drivers so they can avoid it's impact on the changes which are
need to change according to situation and demand.
P3. Evaluation of how negative impacts of change could be minimised
It is crucial for a firm like Starbucks to appropriately take certain measures which could
effectively reduce all the negative impacts which change could have. This could result in
ineffectiveness in implementing the change. Furthermore, this might also result in higher
resistance of change.
To better ensure that its negative impacts are reduced, there are certain models which
could be utilised by Starbucks in relation to reduce such impacts and help to implement the
change in a better manner. This model is Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) Model of change
management and is briefly discussed below: Plan: In this step, Starbucks must plan the change appropriately through internal and
external analysis of the company. Furthermore, marketing research would enhance
familiarity of the company with external market conditions which would appropriately
determine aspects which are required to be changed. Moreover, internal analysis would
also determine elements which are necessary for the organisation to change. Firm then
requires to effectively plan several strategies in relation to implementation of change. Do: In this stage, Starbucks are required to appropriately evaluate all the strategies which
are developed in planning stage. Furthermore, such aspect is also important in relation to
effectively analyse that whether these strategies are effective enough for the plans
regarding the change. As an example, if the organisation plans a strategy to reduce the
cost in relation to Brexit, then this stage needs the company to appropriately perform
analysis regarding forecasts and related elements. Check: Within the third stage, Starbucks must appropriately track the performance of
implementation of change. Furthermore, it is also important that the company
appropriately measure effectiveness of all the strategies which are developed by the
company in order to appropriately implement the change. To attain this, the company is
required to effectively compare all the current outcomes against all the expected results
which would assist the company in appropriately finding any sort of deviation. Thus, if in

case the standards of these current results are higher than the expected results, in that
case, the firm would be implementing its previous strategies. However, if the expected
results are somewhat lower, this would enhance the need for the company to review their
strategies.
Act: The last step requires the firm to appropriately choose what plans are appropriate and
utmost suitable and effective for the firm to implement as part of the change. Starbucks would be
appropriately giving training as well as development tasks to employees which would allow
them to work appropriately in implementation of change. This would develop a wider scope of
change which is important in relation to effectively ensuring a sustainable growth of the
company.
TASK 3
P4. Explain different barriers for change and determine how they influence leadership decision-
making
Introduction of Starbucks
It is an American coffee company and coffee-house chain. This company was founded in
1971 by Jerry Baldwin, Zev Siegl and Gorden Bowker. This firm operates its business
worldwide and more than 30,000 location at international market (White and Robinson, 2014).
There are 291,000 employees who are working under this company. Operating income of this
company is US$3.88 billion and net income is US$4.51 billion. There are various subsidiaries of
this firm are Ethos water, Evolution Fresh, Hear music and many more. It produces different
products like coffee beverage, smoothies, tea, baked goods and sandwiches etc.
Force field analysis
This model is developed by Kurt Lewin in 1951. this analysis provide an overview of the
change problems that need to be tackled by a business splitting factors in to forces for and
against change (Tang, Lu and Hallinger, 2014). This analysis classified into two categories such
as driving force and restraining force.

Source: Force Field Analysis,(2018).
Driving force for Starbucks
Customer relationship management- In an organisation to get success in the business of
the firm it is most important aspect to build effective relationship with the customers. In
Starbucks, for increasing productivity, the company must use updated software that help in
making bridge among the firm and customers (Jones and Harris, 2014). With the help of them,
they can monitor the needs and demands of the customers and offer products and services
according to them. This help in building better relation with the clients and business.
Effective and new technology- Now these days, technology play an important role in the
business growth and development of the firm. The advent of technology is creating change in the
business of Starbucks. There are various technologies that can be used by the management of this
company such as Artificial intelligence, Voice technology and Internet of things. With the help
of these technology, the firm can offer more effective services to its customers. In Starbucks, the
management of the company can use various technology related to payments like online
payment, net banking and others. In Promotional technologies, it can be used social media and
Facebook for promoting its products.
Restraining force for Starbucks
Illustration: Force Field Analysis

Less involvement of employees- It refers to the major force that restrains the employees
back from attaining profit a maximisation in an effective and efficient manner (Alavi and Gill,
2017). In Starbucks, when employees and workers are not adopt change to come out from
comfort zone in order to perform better in organisational task and work which create problems in
attaining business objectives.
Cost- For the purpose of accepting new and effective technologies or productive
workforce than it need huge cost which affect business operation and production capacity of the
firm. This factor create restrictions for the company to find out competitive market and providing
proper training to the workers and the business can reduce sustainability in the market.
Different barriers to change and how they influenced decision making and leadership
The term change is an important concept in context of an organisation to analyse the
complex situation of the firm because it provide solution to create successful strategies to attain
business objective of the company. In context of surviving in competitive atmosphere, the
management of the company should accept the change which enables them to sustain for a long
period of time. But at similar time affect the company positive and negative manner which
become a barrier for the company. There are some barriers that are faced by Starbucks are as
mentioned below:
Ineffective communication-The main aspects for the success of the company is effective
communication whereas poor communication create various issues and problems like
dissatisfaction, conflicts between employees and affect the decision making of the leader. In
Starbucks, it also negatively affect the working environment of the company and create impact
on the sales of the firm as well as productivity.
Lack of accurate governance for transformational change- In Starbucks, improper
changes in structure, policies and procedure of the firm also create beerier for the company. In
this company, the manager of the company make change in the polices of the firm which affect
the beingness of the firm. In order to expand business, the manger clearly define strategies and
policies and provide chance to participate staff in decision making process so that they can share
their problems and issues (Lawrence, 2015). It help in increasing or enhancing morale and the
firm can achieve its objectives in effective manners.
In Starbucks, the change are accomplished through make change in the by adapting new
technology and making effective relationship with the customer of the firm. The change was

successful because the management of the company produced goods according to the consumer
needs and wants which provide satisfaction to them (Feldman, Hart and Milosevic, 2017). The
use of new technology was also successful because with the help of social media, the firm
provided information about its products to its customers. This help in increasing sales and
profitability of the firm.
TASK 4
P5. Different leadership approaches to dealing with change in a range of organisational contexts
There are several approach of leadership, they are as following:
Autocratic Approach- This approach also know as authoritarian leadership. It refers to a
leadership style which is characterised by individual control over all decisions and there are little
input of group and team members. This approach basically make choices which are based on
their ideas and judgement and in rare cases accept advice from followers and employees.
Advantages- It help in making decisions quickly specially in stress filled situations. This
approach a strong and clear chain command.
Disadvantages- It discourage group input and affect the morale of employees and team
members.
Democratic approach- It is an another leadership approach and a type of leadership style in
which members of the team are also take and participate in decision making process and share
their views.
Advantages- This approach involve and consist employees job satisfaction and encouraging
innovation (Lopez and Wise, 2015). It also help in creating solution and help in resolving
organisational problems and issues.
Disadvantages- It include reduction of efficiency and problems with accountability. This
approach does not always provide and create positive outcome.
CONCLUSION
Thus, it could be concluded from this report, that it is very important for an organisation
to understand an lead change if their sustainable growth and effective future is required by the
company. It is very important that the firm compares and contrasts the change drivers and how
these would affect strategies and operations of distinct companies in relation to identify how they
are dealing with it. Furthermore, it is very important that external and internal drivers within the

business environment are analyse with respect to how they affect leadership and organisational
behaviour. To reduce the negative impact of the change, it is very important that PDCA model is
applied by the firm. In addition to this, it is crucial to appropriately determine several barriers of
change and how these barriers influence the decision-making process in a company. Lastly, it is
crucial to identify as well as critically evaluate several leadership approaches which are used by
the company to deal with change.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Yoder-Wise, P. S., 2014. Leading and managing in nursing. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Doppelt, B., 2017. Leading change toward sustainability: A change-management guide for
business, government and civil society. Routledge.
Espedal, B., 2017. Understanding how balancing autonomy and power might occur in leading
organizational change. European Management Journal. 35(2). pp.155-163.
Daft, R. L. and Marcic, D., 2016. Understanding management. Nelson Education.
England, N. H. S., 2016. Leading change, adding value. British Journal of Healthcare Assistants.
10(6). pp.302-3.
Hillson, D. and Murray-Webster, R., 2017. Understanding and managing risk attitude.
Routledge.
Iveroth, E. and Hallencreutz, J., 2015. Effective organizational change: leading through
sensemaking. Routledge.
Rogers, R. and Marres, N., 2016. Landscaping climate change: A mapping technique for
understanding science and technology debates on the World Wide Web. Public
Understanding of Science.
White, V. and Robinson, S., 2014. Leading change in policing: police culture and the
psychological contract. The Police Journal. 87(4). pp.258-269.
Tang, S., Lu, J. and Hallinger, P., 2014. Leading school change in China: A review of related
literature and preliminary investigation. International Journal of Educational
Management. 28(6). pp.655-675.
Jones, M. and Harris, A., 2014. Principals leading successful organisational change: Building
social capital through disciplined professional collaboration. Journal of Organizational
Change Management. 27(3). pp.473-485.
Alavi, S. B. and Gill, C., 2017. Leading change authentically: How authentic leaders influence
follower responses to complex change. Journal of Leadership & Organizational
Studies. 24(2). pp.157-171.
Lawrence, P., 2015. Leading change–Insights into how leaders actually approach the challenge
of complexity. Journal of Change Management. 15(3). pp.231-252.
Feldman, L., Hart, P. S. and Milosevic, T., 2017. Polarizing news? Representations of threat and
efficacy in leading US newspapers’ coverage of climate change. Public Understanding
of Science. 26(4). pp.481-497.
Lopez, P. and Wise, D., 2015. Leading Change for the Implementation of Common Core State
Standards in Rural School Districts. Education Leadership Review of Doctoral
Research. 2(1). pp.47-56.
Online
Force Field Analysis. 2018. [Online]. Available Through: <https://www.change-management-
coach.com/force-field-analysis.html>.