Leading Change: Strategies and Examples

This assignment delves into the topic of leading change across different sectors like education, business, and healthcare. It examines various leadership styles and change management techniques through a review of academic articles and books. Key areas covered include emotional intelligence in leadership, leading virtual teams, and fostering innovation within organizations. The assignment also considers real-world examples from diverse fields to illustrate successful change implementation.

UNDERSTANDING AND
LEADING CHANGE

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Different organisational operational strategies after making alterations in a firm................1
P2 External and internal drivers of change that affects leadership, team and individual
behaviour.....................................................................................................................................4
P3 Evaluation of how to minimize the impact of change on an organisation.............................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................7
P4 Different barriers for change to determine how it influence leadership in decision making
of an organisation........................................................................................................................7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
P5 Different approaches of leadership while dealing with change.............................................8
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
With a change in course of time market has become dynamic in nature. In order to gain
maximum profit companies are using various tools and technologies. Understanding and leading
change helps an organisation in knowing the modification in market area so that they can prepare
a proper plan and strategies which firm can follow so as to achieve their objectives (Aslan and
Reigeluth, 2013). Marriott Hotel belongs to hospitality sector and is one of the leading
companies in United Kingdom. In this report, comparison between two organisation is being
done so that they can know about the strategies that have implemented. Other than this, internal
and external drivers is included in this assignment so as to see the changes that may affect
leadership, team and behaviour within the organisation. Apart from this, various measures is
included in order to reduce the negative impact of change in a company.
TASK 1
P1 Different organisational operational strategies after making alterations in a firm
Change in any form helps a company in making proper strategies according to the needs
and wants of their customers. So, it is an essential element for an organisation, to go with the
current market situations. This will assist the enterprise in gaining their objectives and goals in
specific timer period. For this, companies uses various tools and techniques so that they can
deliver their best services and facilities to their customers. Although change is always good but
sometimes it plays a negative role for an organisation. Thus, it is necessary for them to provide
services so as to fulfil the satisfaction level of consumers.
In order to conduct their business operation in smooth manner it is essential that they
accept all the modification in terms of governmental rules, social, economical and many more.
Marriott hotel is taking feedbacks and reviews from their customers so that they can make
changes to their best if necessary. Managers of this hotel are helping them in making proper
strategies and plans so as to attract more and more customers towards their organisation
(Doppelt, 2017). By providing all the facilities and services in a better manner as per the
requirements of guests this will enable them in gaining their superior position.
Therefore, Marriott hotel is giving better services as compared to other companies
working in same sector. Comparison of Hilton Hotel and Marriott is given below so as to know
the strategies which they are applying in their business operations.
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Marriott Hotel:
Company was established in the year 1927, by J. Willard Marriott and currently it is
having 6,000 properties in almost 122 countries all over the world. In this hotel. 226,500 number
of employees are working and along with this they are assisting the organisation in gaining
maximum profits.
Hilton Hotel:
This organisation was founded in the year 1919, by Conrad Hilton and is one of the
leading hotels around the globe with around 570 hotels and resort in approximately 85 countries.
It is considered as the best in hospitality sector. Other than this, company is providing both
business and leisure travellers in various locations.
Some of the strategies are mentioned below in order to differentiate between the services
provided by them:
Strategies Marriott Hilton Hotel
Competence Change is a prime factor which
company should see from time
to time. So, it is essential that
they provides services as per
the needs and wants of their
guest (Foltin and Keller,
2012). Marriott hotel is
making some alterations with
respect to interiors and
exteriors and this is helping
them in attracting a large
number of clients towards their
organisation. This is gradually
increasing the sales and
productivity.
Basically, this hotel is also
providing services so as to
satisfy their clients but the
tools and technologies which
they are using are not
appropriate in terms of
increasing their revenues and
profit shares. They are
applying different strategies
and plans like giving discount
coupons in order to pull
maximum number of guests.
Strategies which are related to
pricing
As Marriott is from the sector
of hospitality so they have to
Hilton Hotel is reducing the
price of their rooms during
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focus on pricing policies in
order to gain the interest of
number of clients. Along with
this they are giving holiday
packages, gift vouchers etc.,
and for their regular guest they
can give special offers.
peak time i.e. from the month
of July to November. Through
this process they are able to
increase their revenues.
Advertising Strategies With the change in market
situation, the new tools and
techniques has came into
being. This is enabling the
organisation in gaining
maximum benefits. Therefore,
Marriott is using social media
sites, TV commercials,
magazines and many more in
order to tell the new plans to
large amount of people around
the globe.
Hilton Hotel is using the same
sort of strategies and plan of
action which other are using.
They are telecasting their ads
with additional information
about their packages in
televisions, social media,
internet. Apart from this, they
are publishing the same in
newspapers and magazines.
Process Every company have its
unique style of giving services
and facilities to their
customers. They are
conducting various training
programmes for employees so
that they can perform their task
in a proper manner. They are
using latest methods of giving
better services to their guests
and as a result they are one of
Managers of Hilton Hotel is
assisting the organisation in
making the company more
reliable for their guest by
initiating changes as per the
new trends. In their resorts,
they are giving spa treatments
and other sport games which
guest can enjoy along with
pleasant stay (Fullan, 2014).
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the leading companies in
around the globe.
P2 External and internal drivers of change that affects leadership, team and individual behaviour
Leadership
This is a trait which makes an individual different form one another, the person having
this trait are very good in motivating, leading and making a proper balance between others.
Therefore, the main aim of leaders is to encourage team members so that they can push their
limits which will enable them in achieving the goals and objectives (Different type of leadership
styles, 2017). Leaders of Marriott are motivating their squad and along with this they are
providing appropriate training programmes from which employees can enhance their skills and
knowledge. Gradually this is increasing the productivity and sales as well.
Internal Drivers: This is consider as one of the factor that can affect or influence the
working of an organisation and this includes workers, finances, managers and leaders,
composition of a company.
Therefore, to run a business in an effective manner it is important that all the employees
of an organisation have a healthy relation with their subordinates this helps them in maintaining
mutual understanding amongst all the members. Other than this, it encourage them to perform
the task collaborately in order to achieve the common goal. Marriott hotel is generating ample
amount of funds through which they are giving better services and facilities and this is partially
increasing their sales and productivity. Along with this, managers and leaders are assisting the
organisation in maintaining a coordination between employees and supervisors.
External Drivers: Marriott Hotel's market share depends on external drivers and it can
effect the business in a negative or positive way depends on marketing conditions. Governmental
organisation, shareholders etc., are included under this that can have an impact on business
operations. Along with this, they are using different tools and techniques and this is helping them
in giving better services and facilities to their guest.
Leadership links with drivers of changes:
Leadership is consider as a one of the basic trait which everyone should acquire to make
them unique from other and it differs form person to person. They motivate their team members
so that they can complete the task in specific period of time (Hintz and Bahia, 2013). Along with
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this, Marriott hotel is conducting various programmes related to training and improving skills for
their employees by which workers will give better services and facilities to their guests. Apart
from this, the basic role of leaders is to guide their squad the right course of action by which they
can achieve the goal. Thus, it is prime duty of superiors to provide appropriate path which their
employees can follow (Keppel and et. al., 2012). On the basis of previous performance leaders
can evaluate whether their workers are improving or not.
Goals and objectives of a leader:
There are basic duties which leaders have to perform at workplace are as follows:
Authority: handling the responsibility is not an easy task it requires a capable person who
can manage the work properly. Leaders can be one of the important face while representing their
organisation in different situations. They are supportive and cooperative in nature and take the
team all together in order to attain the goals.
Control: This factor is very essential which leaders have to perform so that employees
uses limited amount of resources this will save cost and time as well. For this, managers of
Marriott Hotel are keeping an eye on their workers whether they are performing well or not.
Ability of Guiding: Leaders are said to be the great guiders, as they show the appropriate
path to their workers in order to achieve a common goal.
P3 Evaluation of how to minimize the impact of change on an organisation
Change is always accepted when it is done in a positive manner, learning new things is
possible if company makes modification in their business operations. Thus, managers and leaders
are responsible in doing so, for this, they are using latest tools and techniques from which they
can gain maximum profits. Marriott Hotel is utilising all the possible resources which will help
them in sustaining their position for long period of time. Change in rules and regulations by
governmental organisation can be one of the reason that may affect any company. Other than
this, introducing new technologies can have both positive and negative impact on business. For
example: Workers may find it difficult to operate new machineries this may reduce the ability of
producing goods in specific time period whereas in terms of positive impact this enable them in
manufacturing products in ample number so that they can deliver them to respective distributors
(Latham, 2013).
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Therefore, it is prime duty of leaders and managers to evaluate whether all the strategies
applied by them are giving benefits or not. Some of the elements that is having a negative impact
on organisational structure are mentioned below:
Expenditures: Marriott is a starring company in hospitality because they are able to
manage their expenditures according to respective departments. Organisation is achieving this by
providing better services to their customers. Along with this, they are making modifications in
their hotel rooms by adding basic facilities like spacious suite according to the preference of
guests. Other than this, they have tried to renovate the interior according to the current market
situations (Lawrence, 2015). As the organisation is expanded all over the world so it is quite
difficult to manage the who system and employees as well. This can act as a barrier in business
operations so it is essential that a proper coordination is maintained between employees and
superiors as well.
Workers Resistivity: It is not necessary that change will always give better outcomes but
for achieving good results it is essential to adopt alterations. Employees are the one who are
affected by this because if they not feel like connected with the company than they may leave the
job. Hence, it is prime duty of superiors of an organisation to have a healthy relation with all
their workers so that they doesn't feel alienated. Other than this, they can give bonus or
performance appraisal in order to sustain their workers for longer period of time. Therefore, after
applying all these process the company will gain market shares and employees loyalty.
Lack of Support: It is important to give equal opportunities to all the members of an
organisation so that no one feels discriminated and if it is not done than, it may create an issue
amongst all members in a company. So, it is prime duty of managers and leaders to assign task as
per the capability of an individual. Apart from this, there must be a proper way of
communication so that the message is conveyed to all the members properly.
Psychological state: In order to work properly it is necessary that they company provides
a better workplace to their employees where they can work appropriately (Mukherjee and et. al.,
2012). As hospitality is a hectic sector and Marriott Hotel is offering a flexible working hours to
their workers which is reducing pressure form employees. Other than this, organisation is
motivating, encourage and increasing their morale of customers which will give them
psychological benefits.
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TASK 2
P4 Different barriers for change to determine how it influence leadership in decision making of
an organisation
In order to grow and remain in the market for longer period of time it is essential that
company accepts changes this will give them a wider perspective of how to operate the business
effectively. Mainly heads of supervisors are the one who takes decisions so as to make their
company more reliable. Marriott Hotel are making strategies according to the current situations
present in the market area. Thus, they are focussing on gaining long term benefits by providing
better services and facilities to their guests (Salmela, Eriksson and Fagerström, 2012). Apart
from this they are modifying the plan of action and strategies which is enabling them in gaining
profit and sales. Sudden change in policies by government can have an impact on business and
due to which company may make changes accordingly. For this, it is necessary that organisation
includes superiors as well as leaders in decision making. Therefore it is necessary that plan of
action is done under the supervision of heads so that they can evaluate if any changes are needed
to be done. Therefore, Marriott Hotel is making changes as per the feedbacks and reviews taken
form their clients and along with this company is working according to the current market
situations. Complexity in business operations can also be the other factor so it is required that a
proper system is maintained which organisation can follow in attaining their goals and
objectives. Thus, it is necessary that leaders and managers explain the whole process in a better
way in order to perform the work appropriately.
Therefore, it is necessary that Marriott hotel make strategies which will add value in their
market shares not those that my lead to losses. Company is making changes according to two
perspectives i.e. initiative and imposed alterations both differs form one another. The former one
is helping them in implementing modifications and taking decision as well. Whereas in initiating
changes they are assisting supervisors to take feedbacks and reviews form guests and employees.
By this they will be able to provide better services and facilities as per the needs and wants of the
clients. Therefore, managers and leaders are using various tools and technologies in making
proper plan of actions like evaluating the previous performance. Other than this, they are also
including methods by which they can eliminate the risk factor (Thomas and et. al., 2013). This is
gradually helping them in gaining maximum profit and productivity as well.
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Therefore, to remain in the market area it is necessary that company accept all the
changes and training and developing programme is helping them in doing the same. In case of
Marriott Hotel, organisation is not facing much problem as they are running their business
according to the norms which are regulated by governmental authorities. In short they are
accepting the modifications that are present in the market. Through this they are enhancing their
brand image in front of their customers which is good for the company and for workers who are
working there.
TASK 3
P5 Different approaches of leadership while dealing with change
In organisation, superior uses various concepts and implement different approaches in
firm. This help management to make changes in system and function it in according to market
conditions. Situational leadership is style of leadership which was evolved by Paul Hersey and
Ken Blanchard. This approach defines that superior will act with staff members either in
directive manner or in supportive way (Lawrence, 2015). For application of this concept in
organisation; these are phases which are applied in system are stated beneath:
 Telling: In firm, leader represents low supportive behaviour and high directive action.
 Delegating: This stage specifies that leader portrays both elements at low level.
 Selling: Leader depicts both supportive and directive behaviour at high level.
So, in present day, leader require to use management style in respect to conditions that
exist in system and according to market situations. This help superior to frame business
operations in such manner that appropriate outcomes are generated by firm and in specified time.
For this, leader of Claridge's uses situational leadership style in organisation; through
which system and operations are improved appropriately. For this, superior require to deliver
adequate information to workers in according to duties assigned to them. This benefit company
to accomplish goals and objectives within specified time.
For organisation functionality, changes are challenge and to deal with this difficult
situation; it is essential that transformation are made in strategies and system. This directly or
indirectly influence on business activities (Latham, 2013). For this, it is necessary that superior
conduct these activities which are as follows:
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 Management require to deliver appropriate information about firm and its operations to
shareholders. Besides this, they even should acknowledge requirements of resources for
carrying out adequate business activities (Hintz and Bahia, 2013). For effective function
of system, it is necessary that superior communicate information about business activities
to staff members and make them perform tasks effectively. This help manager to make
employees acknowledge requirement of change and implement latest technologies in
system. Leader require to establish relationship with workforce; through which they are able to
anticipate problems and issues that are faced by them. Thereby, provide them appropriate
solution and make them perform activities in proper manner. This help superior to
implement modifications in tools and techniques through which employees accomplish
targets within specified time.
Kotter's 8-Step change model: This concepts can be specified with help of these
descriptions which are stated beneath: Increase urgency: This concept specifies that superior should communicate with staff
members about need of alterations in system, thereby take support from employees. So,
this help management to acknowledge market opportunities and threats. Thereby, make
modifications in technologies and strategies in according to demands of people. Build guiding team: It is essential that manager frame adequate team in firm and make
members perform activities properly. Besides this, they even require to maintain
coordination between employees and make them attain targets with defined time. So, by
distribution of work in respect to skills and abilities of workforce; help superior to make
team members dedicated and motivated towards job (Yoder-Wise, 2014). Develop the vision: Management require to formulate appropriate vision, through which
they are able to utilise resources efficiently and make employees perform tasks
effectively. This help Claridge's firm to accomplish goals and objectives timely. Communicating for buy in: Administration design vision, mission, goal and objective for
firm. Besides this, they even require to acknowledge interest of employees and provide
them appropriate information about tasks and targets that are to be accomplished by
them.
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 Empower action: This element specifies that management require to distribute activities
in according to skills and abilities of staff members. So, they are able to overcome
problems and complexities which may affect on success and growth of firm (Keppel and
et. al., 2012). Create short term wins: Administration require to provide targets to employees and make
them perform tasks effectively; through which appropriate outcomes are generated. Don't let up: This element specifies that superior focus on targets and objectives for firm,
rather than on plan and programs.
 Make change stick: This is last phase which states that management make changes and
implement latest technologies in system. This help Claridge's firm to conduct business
operations in effective manner.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be concluded that superior require to have skills and
abilities; through which they are able to direct employees and provide them adequate guidance in
respect to duties assigned to them. This help management to conduct business operations
effectively and attain goals and objectives. For this, strategies and policies are made and
implemented in firm through which system function in according to market situations. So, leader
uses change model in system through which market opportunities are used and secure firm from
threats. This help superior to use resources properly and make organisation function superior
than competitors. Thus, management uses internal and external components to make appropriate
decisions and reduce problems and difficulties from system.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Aslan, S. and Reigeluth, C. M., 2013. Educational technologists: Leading change for a new
paradigm of education. TechTrends. 57(5). pp.18-24.
Doppelt, B., 2017. Leading change toward sustainability: A change-management guide for
business, government and civil society. Routledge.
Foltin, A. and Keller, R., 2012. Leading change with emotional intelligence. Nursing
management. 43(11). pp.20-25.
Fullan, M., 2014. Leading in a culture of change personal action guide and workbook. John
Wiley & Sons.
Hintz, C. and Bahia, H., 2013. Understanding mechanisms leading to asphalt binder fatigue in
the dynamic shear rheometer. Road Materials and Pavement Design. 14(sup2). pp.231-
251.
Keppel, G. and et. al., 2012. Refugia: identifying and understanding safe havens for biodiversity
under climate change. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 21(4). pp.393-404.
Latham, J. R., 2013. A framework for leading the transformation to performance excellence part
II: CEO perspectives on leadership behaviors, individual leader characteristics, and
organizational culture. Quality Management Journal. 20(3). pp.19-40.
Lawrence, P., 2015. Leading change–Insights into how leaders actually approach the challenge
of complexity. Journal of Change Management. 15(3). pp.231-252.
Mukherjee, D. and et. al., 2012. Leading virtual teams: how do social, cognitive, and behavioral
capabilities matter?. Management Decision. 50(2). pp.273-290.
NHS England, 2016. Leading change, adding value. British Journal of Healthcare Assistants.
10(6). pp.302-303.
Salmela, S., Eriksson, K. and Fagerström, L., 2012. Leading change: a three‐dimensional model
of nurse leaders’ main tasks and roles during a change process. Journal of Advanced
Nursing. 68(2). pp.423-433.
Thomas, T. and et. al., 2013. Leading change and innovation in teacher preparation: A blueprint
for developing TPACK ready teacher candidates. TechTrends. 57(5). pp.55-63.
Yoder-Wise, P. S., 2014. Leading and Managing in Nursing-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Online
Different type of leadership styles. 2017. [Online]. Availavle through:
<https://www.pinterest.com/pin/486670303463675723/> .
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