Effective Leadership Styles for Change

This assignment delves into the various leadership styles employed to effectively manage organizational change. It examines case studies and research articles that highlight successful implementation strategies and tactics for leading change, particularly in healthcare settings. The analysis emphasizes the impact of different leadership approaches on school improvement, sustainability, and scholarly communication.

Understanding and Leading
Change

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1. Comparison of different organisations and major impact of change on their strategies and
operations....................................................................................................................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P2 Evaluations of internals and external drivers of change that affects on leadership, team and
individual behaviours within an organisation.............................................................................4
P3 Evaluating measures for minimising negative impacts of changes on organisational
behavioural..................................................................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P4 Different barriers for change and its influence on leadership decision-making....................7
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
P5 Different leadership approaches for dealing with change within organisation......................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Change management is the system which stimulates various kinds of resistance and give
challenges to individuals regarding their habits, behaviours as well as beliefs and values. It
concerns with disciplines which help in adopting changes to the people through providing proper
instructions and guidelines that how they can prepare, equip and accept the challenges for
attaining set targets or goals in an effective manner (Alkahtani, 2011). On the other side, change-
management is concerned with several kinds of challenges or changes that must be adopted by
using effective tools or techniques. Organisation has to consider these changes and make
decisions regarding appropriate strategies and utilise available resources so that they can achieve
company's goals or objectives in critical situations. This report is based on two different
organisations i.e. Apple Inc. and Samsung Group. These companies are multinational and deals
in electronic and telecommunication field. This assignment will define the major impact of
changes on both organisation's strategies and operations. There are some internal and external
drivers of change which affect the leadership, team and individual behaviour. Some measures for
minimising negative impacts are also discussed here. It will define barriers that influence the
leadership decision-making. Different leadership approach for dealing with change within an
organisation are studied as well.
TASK 1
P1. Comparison of different organisations and major impact of change on their strategies and
operations
Change management is defined as the system which considers company's culture,
policies, structures, rules and regulations, etc. which help in creating effective and positive
environment as well as work place within organisation (Anderson and Anderson, 2010). Change
is essentially required for every firm because it depends on environmental forces or its elements
that can affect the business operations. Therefore, successful organisations always consider
change systems and make strategies for adopting or accepting changes to achieve their set goals
or objectives in an appropriate manner. Apple Inc. and Samsung Group which are big
organisations and adopt various strategies by considering several factors for surviving in the
market and make effective positions among competitors. Both have their unique strategies and
master planning for competing with strong market leaders. Apple Inc. is one of the biggest firms
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that is leading telecommunication market at the global level. This company is focusing on
introducing new ideas and launching innovative products in the market so that customers’ needs
and wants can be satisfied at maximum level (Bingham, 2010). They also focus on their target
audiences and try to attract number of customers towards organisational goods and services so
that effective brand can be built among competitors effectually. There are some information
about companies such as:
Apple Inc.
This firm is an American multinational technology company which is situated in
California. It generally deals in designing, developing and selling various computer software,
consumer electronics items as well as online services in the market place. This company was
found by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne in the April 1976. Some of major
products that they are dealing with are like Macintosh, iPad, iPhone, iPod, Laptop, TV, Apple
Watch, etc. On the other side, there are different services which Apple is providing such as
Apple Store, iCloud, iTune, iBook and many more in the market. As per the recent data or
records of this firm, it has generated revenues around US $ 229.234 billion. In this organisation,
there are approx. 123,000 employees working as they are the key people of firm who put efforts
and time to gain success and also work hard for achieving particular goals or objectives on time.
Samsung Group
This firm is South Korean Multinational Company which is situated in Samsung Town,
Seoul. Samsung group was found in the year 1938, by Lee Byung-Chul from trading company.
There are various fields of this firm which diversified and it entered in the electronics industry in
1960. It is known as the world's largest electronic leading company at global level (Main, 2010).
It increased various activities at international market and became income source by mobile
phones and semiconductors. This firm also deals in various products such as apparels, electronics
items, medical health, telecommunications equipment, home appliances and information
communication technology, etc. it has generated approx. US$ 305 billion. It has 6th highest
international brand value in 2017. In this industry, there are around 489000 employees working
in different departments or diversified sectors such as Samsung electronics, C&T Corporation,
Life insurance, Fire & Marine, etc.
For dealing with various changes, both companies use their different strategies for
running effective business operations. They focus on adopting several new technologies, unique
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features and creativity in their products or services so that number of customers can be attracted.
Due to increasing competition, both concentrate on making appropriate strategies for achieving
competitive advantages which are different from each other (Branson, 2010). There are some
major differences in between Apple and Samsung such as:
Strategies Apple Inc. Samsung
Pricing strategies Apple uses their different price
strategies which are based on its
products and services from RM199
until RM7999. It can be seen that this
company is selling products with
higher rate due to good quality and
innovative technology.
Samsung uses their own pricing
strategies which are different from
Apple as they charge their
products according to production
costs and competitors such as
Samsung galaxy S II from
RM1499 (Brown, 2012). Their
price is also higher because of
effective manufacturing of goods
and services.
Products This firm is dealing in various kinds
of products and services such as iPod
shuffle, nano, iPod, iPad, iPhone and
Mac book. Customers are attracted
more towards its products because of
high quality and good features which
satisfy their needs and wants.
Samsung Group is also selling
number of items with good
features and new technologies in
electronic products such as
Televisions, Samsung galaxy
series, computer products, home
appliances, etc.
Promotions Apple use its effective promotional
tools and techniques for selling
products and services such as they
provide stuff or material for free while
purchasing any items like install some
applications as well as free Wi-Fi to
people for improving the brand image.
This firm also considers
promotional strategies for
promoting and developing its
goods and services such as
advertising and effective
marketing tools to provide
information and create awareness
among customers. They also
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provide free services when buying
any product.
Place It has various branches that are
located everywhere in the world.
Customers can reach at Apple store
for buying the products.
Samsung makes effective
strategies for finding and reaching
at potential customers for
satisfying their needs and wants.
People They concentrate on good workforce
and skilled person for bringing new
innovative ideas and creativity in
production process (Carrington,
2010). They provide better services to
customers as per their demand.
In this company, they focus on
qualified and skilled person who
can increase sales volume as well
as generate higher profits for the
organisation.
Process In this firm, it use highly production
process and also focus on using
distribution channel for reaching at
desired customers.
Company have various procedures
which they follow for producing
effective goods and services as
well as provide it in best quality to
the people
Physical evidence Apple Inc. has many stores across the
world so they focus on making good
working environment and create
positive work place.
They always try to maintain all
physical resources for effective
utilisation and also make healthy
climate within an organisation.
TASK 2
P2 Evaluations of internals and external drivers of change that affects on leadership, team and
individual behaviours within an organisation
For every successful organisation, there is requires an effective team or workforce which
helps in achieving predetermined goals or objectives and develop business performance. Leader
play an important role in making effective team or groups and provide instructions towards goals
to the people for to be succeed (Deppeler, 2010). Leaders and mangers are key personnels for
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every firm because they set path and find suitable way for achieving success. They influence
individuals behaviours and motivate them so that they can perform their task in appropriate
manner and attains set visions or missions of the firm.
Apple Inc. is an American multinational company which deals in computer software and
consumers electronic items. They focus on different leadership styles that helps in managing
people and team members as well as create better coordination among them. Leaders also
enhance people skills and knowledge for increasing productivity as well as brings new
innovative ideas for producing effective products and services with best quality (Moss, 2010).
Therefore, adoptions of leadership styles and theories must be necessary for achieving
competitive advantages. Here are some internal and external forces that can affects on the
leadership, team behaviours and individuals in Apple Inc. such as:
Internal Factors:
Internal factors generally concern with those which directly effects on the firm from
inside. These forces can be occurred due to changes of internal environment, therefore, it must be
required to make appropriate strategies by managers and leaders. They have to adopt best
suitable methods for surviving or managing internal forces as well as take favourable decisions
for better organisation. It can be find through SWOT analysis which helps in ensuring about
major impacts on leadership such as:
Strengths Weakness
Employees morale: it is an important factor
and necessary elements for every successful
organisation as there should be highly
motivated employees (Doppelt, 2017). It is the
responsibility of company to enhance people
skills and boost their morale by increasing
motivation level as well as confidence in
appropriate manner.
The weak point is no coordination between
employees and management. They both are
very important for making good organisation
so, it is highly required for creating positive
energy as well as healthy working environment
within the firm.
Threats Opportunities
Organisational cultural: it is defined as the
biggest threats in which consider the behaviour
Culture can be helpful in achieving
competitive advantages because it support in
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and attitudes of an individual or group within
an organisation.
making better organisation structure and
coordination among employees.
External Factors:
In this includes those factors that influence on the company and its operations from
outside. External factors cannot be controlled, so managers make strategies and adopt techniques
for managing these types forces in effective manner and survive in the market. Here are external
factors such as:
Political factors: In this includes several government policies, tax rates, environmental
laws that can affects on the company and its operations so, Apple Inc. must be consider this
factor while running business as well as adjust marketing policy.
Economic factors: Economic forces have major impact on the firm due to financial
fluctuations such as inflations and deflations (Fagerström, 2010). These can effect on business
operations and activities so that it is requires to accept all these changes within firm for running
smoothly.
Social factors: This is also an other factor which should be consider as Apple firms
always keeps their working environment in healthy way by providing motivations and extra
benefits to all employees so that they will work more efficient and adopt new ideas or
technologies.
Technological factors: It is an important forces in which includes all new techniques and
strategies regarding company success. Apple always focus on adoptions of new innovative ideas
and technologies for making best quality of products or services.
P3 Evaluating measures for minimising negative impacts of changes on organisational
behavioural
Every firms always try to minimise the entire negative impacts of various changes within
the firm by using some measures. It is an essential in reducing the several kinds of effects on the
business and create healthy environment in the company (Salmela, 2010). Apple Inc. is consider
entire negative factors and effects by acquiring and adopting suitable techniques as well as
strategies for the purpose of avoiding such impacts. Favourable decisions must be required while
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adoptions of changes in appropriate manner. Apple Inc. consider various measures for reducing
the negative impacts such as:
Training: It is an essential for managing the entire team with their best performance in
the company. This tool helps in accepting several types of changes in the business environment.
Apple Inc. undertakes these tools and techniques for the purpose of overcome all negative
impacts of changes. Training is very important for enhancing individuals skills and knowledge so
that they can attains their set goals or targets in effective manner (Fullan, 2014). This strategy
must be adopted by Apple Inc. whenever face any kinds of changes or challenges within firm. It
is an important components that helps in bringing confidence as well as motivations in any
critical circumstances.
Healthy relations with employees: This is an important aspect as there should be an
effective or healthy relations among people for the purpose of maintaining harmony systems.
Manager always ensure about their team and workforce so that they focus on proper
communication process. It helps in making positive relations and interactions among each person
at work place. This is fundamental duty of manager to provide information regarding adoptions
of business strategies and technologies for producing innovative goods and services.
Research: this is also an another important measure that support in analysing market
trends, customers, competitors. There are various companies who conducts research or survey
procedures for collecting data or information regarding new competitors with their featured
products or services, customer's tastes and preferences so that appropriate strategies can be made
for surviving in the market place as well as achieve competitive advantages. Research is very
useful tool for measures that support in gathering information and reduce negative factors.
Technology: This measure is also very helpful which generally change according to
environment. It is major part of external environment and it affects on the production of goods or
services, company always consider this factors in change systems for adopting suitable
techniques (Hallinger, 2011). Apple Inc. is most famous or reputed organisation in consumers
electronics and computer software so that it has required to change the technologies and adopt
best one for ultimate solutions. They can make better innovative phones with unique features and
some special components can be added in this. New technologies can help in reducing costs
factors or expenses because effective utilisation of available resources within the organisation.
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TASK 3
P4 Different barriers for change and its influence on leadership decision-making
It is a fact that changes always brings various kinds of barriers in the company, changes
can be anything that bring effectiveness at the working place. Barriers are biggest threats for
every business firm as it can create conflicts in achieving predetermined goals or objectives. It
make enterprise as in getting stuck anywhere in the work. There can be various kinds of
problems or issues which occurred in any complex situations in which company's owner has to
wind up his business in that circumstances (Heck, 2011). Apple company is biggest firm in
electronics and telecommunication so they have prepare better team workforce for producing
quality of products and services. Company motivate to its employees for increasing work
productivity so effective strategies must be required for overcoming the all risks factors as well
as reduce uncertainty in appropriate manner.
Lack of proper communication: The barriers can be arise due to lack of proper
communications as it must be required that to communicate with entire team members by
manager and leaders regarding companies policies and procedures as well as necessary
information to the employees. It helps in maintaining relations among people through better
interaction so company should consider this for effective workforce. Company requires to
communicate about adoption of changes that are going to take place within firm and also prepare
them according to changes for effective working environment. Therefore, it leads to lack of
communications which can affects on the business and results will be failure.
Organisational cultural planning: it is must be required to have better or positive
working environment as it has major impact on the individual behaviours and performance level
at work place (Malenfant, 2010). Team workforce should be in effective manner and their main
focus must be on the making effective policies, areas for achieving particular goals or objectives.
Lack of employment involvement: It is a major mistake of most of companies that they
do not involve to people while making any decisions as well as actions plans for an organisation.
This factor also can create barriers because workers do not take interest in accepting any kinds of
changes if they are not involved in such kinds of decision-making.
These types of barriers can be find by using Force field analysis. In this includes various phases
that are determine below such as:
Force Field Analysis:
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 Step 1. Proposal for change: In this consider that the major factor of barriers are
changing culture as well as environment that can be create conflicts for every individual
in understanding about changing systems. Step 2. Identify forces for changes: This is the second phase where Apple Inc. identify
the barriers and try to overcome all these complexities as well as conflicts through
using appropriate strategies that support in developing business firm (Parsons, 2011). Step 3. Identify force against changes: It is major mistakes that most of firms
generally does as they make decisions regarding business without any involvement of
employees so it can be created conflicts for adopting any changes due to fear. Step 4. Assign scores: Management are required to focus on effective communications
for maintaining good relations among people because it also another factor of barriers
that leads lack of communication.
 Step 5. Analyse and apply: Last but not least as sufficient and effective working
environment must be create for achieving business goals so manager have to motivate
employees so that they can perform better towards getting success and objectives.
TASK 4
P5 Different leadership approaches for dealing with change within organisation
Leadership is defined as the quality for getting work done by influencing individual
behaviours and inspire them to perform any task so that company's goals or objectives can be
achieved. In this includes various approaches and styles which are very helpful in dealing with
any kinds of changes within an organisation (Cornett, 2011). Leaders always encourage or
inspire people behaviours for accomplishing objectives and they also manage entire team
workforce by maintaining performance and relations at the work place. Leadership styles
generally concern with adoptions of changes in better way so that business strategies can be
developed.
In the Apple Inc. manager always influence individual behaviours and motivate for
adopting new technologies, ideas and innovation that support in producing best goods and
services with unique quality. In other words, leadership styles and approaches generally adopted
as per the business natures and requirements. There are some various leadership styles that have
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adopted by the Apple company for producing innovative products for satisfying customer's needs
and wants such as:
Autocratic style: In this style, it can be analyse that leaders perform their tasks through
collecting data from feedbacks of employees as they use tools and techniques for conducting
survey. It can be effective in various complex situations or conditions.
Democratic leadership styles: This approach is very useful for every organisation as
Apple company generally adopt this styles for the purpose of leading and promoting the business
(Salmela, 2012). In this provide feasibility and participation scope for every employees for
achieving targets and goals. Apple consider this approach for providing platform to enhance their
skills and knowledge for persona development.
Laissez fair: In this defined some fundamental aspects which must be applied within the
firm as various rights are given to the employees for making appropriate decisions as well as take
actions during any circumstances. In this use different tactics for better methodologies within
firm. This is an essential for running an organisation in smooth level and effectively.
Transformational: these are very supportive in making decisions regarding business
operations as this style usually adopt for daily based transactions of the business operations. In
such kinds approach, leaders ensure about entire employees that they are performing every and
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Illustration 1: Leadership style
Source: Different leadership styles 2016

each activities for achieving predetermined goals or objectives (Eriksson, 2012). Leaders always
enhance employee's skills and motivate to workers to all workers for completing tasks in
minimum time period. Transformational leadership styles are very supportive in managing day-
to-day business activities for attaining goals or set targets.
Transactional: In this leadership style, leaders always focus on managing health relations
among employees and organisation management (Suchman, 2011). In this use various strategies
as well as policies like awards, rewards, promotions and appreciation, so it can be said that
management and leadership skills are necessary for making successful organisation because they
are perfect combination for the company.
CONCLUSION
From the above following report, it has been concluded that changes are defined as the
system in includes all business policies and procedures. It has major impact in internal and
external environment, therefore every organisation adopt effective strategies for accepting these
changes and achieve business goals and objectives. This report is based on Apple Inc. which
deals in consumer electronic items and computer software. It also discussed about Samsung
Group which are leading various electronics products and telecommunication industry in the
market. They both adopted various strategies and operations for running the business. There are
some factors defined that can affect on the business operations and its activities. Measures can
support in overcoming the negative impacts and achieve competitive advantages.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alkahtani, A.H., 2011. The impact of personality and leadership styles on leading change
capability of Malaysian managers. Australian Journal of Business and Management
Research. 1(2). p.70.
Anderson, D. and Anderson, L.A., 2010. Beyond change management: How to achieve
breakthrough results through conscious change leadership. John Wiley & Sons.
Bingham, D. and Main, E.K., 2010. Effective implementation strategies and tactics for leading
change on maternity units. The Journal of perinatal & neonatal nursing. 24(1). pp.32-42.
Branson, C.M., 2010. Leading educational change wisely. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.
Brown, B.C., 2012. Leading complex change with post-conventional consciousness. Journal of
Organizational Change Management. 25(4). pp.560-575.
Carrington, S., Deppeler, J. and Moss, J., 2010. Cultivating teachers' knowledge and skills for
leading change in schools. Australian journal of teacher education. 35(1). pp.1-13.
Doppelt, B., 2017. Leading change toward sustainability: A change-management guide for
business, government and civil society. Routledge.
Fagerström, L. and Salmela, S., 2010. Leading change: a challenge for leaders in Nordic health
care. Journal of Nursing Management. 18(5). pp.613-617.
Fullan, M., 2014. Leading in a culture of change personal action guide and workbook. John
Wiley & Sons.
Hallinger, P. and Heck, R.H., 2011. Collaborative leadership and school improvement:
Understanding the impact on school capacity and student learning. In International
handbook of leadership for learning (pp. 469-485). Springer Netherlands.
Malenfant, K.J., 2010. Leading change in the system of scholarly communication: A case study
of engaging liaison librarians for outreach to faculty. College & Research Libraries.
71(1). pp.63-76.
Parsons, M.L. and Cornett, P.A., 2011. Leading change for sustainability. Nurse leader. 9(4).
pp.36-40.
Salmela, S., Eriksson, K. and Fagerström, L., 2012. Leading change: a three‐dimensional model
of nurse leaders’ main tasks and roles during a change process. Journal of advanced
nursing. 68(2). pp.423-433.
Suchman, A.L., 2011. Leading change in healthcare: Transforming organizations using
complexity, positive psychology and relationship-centered care. Radcliffe Publishing.
Thomas, T., 2013. Leading change and innovation in teacher preparation: A blueprint for
developing TPACK ready teacher candidates. TechTrends. 57(5). pp.55-63.
Online
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