1ANNOTATED OUTLINE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Virtual Reality in the Hospitality Industry Abstract Virtual realityoffers multiple useful applications for hospitality which deserve more attention from thehospitalityprofessionals and researcher. The number and importance of the applications will inevitably increase as the VR technology continues to develop. Managementand planning, entertainment, marketing, education, accessibility as well as preservation of heritage are six hospitality areas where VR can be particularly valuable. The industry will be benefited from future research into the topics under study and will pose several recommendations for future research. Introduction Virtualrealityisperceivedtobethe21stCentury’smostrapidlytransforming technology. By encouraging the senses with the computer-generated pictures, they can engage the minds in such experience that momentarily accepts the VR. VR produces strong immersive 3D visual environments for all sorts of purposes. VR is regarded as a revolutionary technology for the tourismindustry, which has the strong influence of bluffing the senses into thinking that one is present in thevirtual world by offering a computer-simulated immersive 3D environment. Such appearance may depict any tourist site or attraction replicated as the3D image, powered by strong computers that build the entire virtual environment. Nayyar, A., Mahapatra, B., Le, D., & Suseendran, G. (2018). Virtual Reality (VR) & Augmented Reality (AR) technologies for tourism and hospitality industry.International Journal of Engineering & Technology,7(2.21), 156-160
2ANNOTATED OUTLINE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Display technologies for virtual reality With respect to the selection of the VR devices, the key priority is to choose thedevice which is very user-friendly, that iseasy in wearing, versatile in operations for the user must be provided by the visual experience and viewing depth. The competition is within the numerous VR software and hardwaredevelopers, and VR technology is developing very rapidly that testing the new technical requirements. Huang, Y. C., Backman, K. F., Backman, S. J., & Chang, L. L. (2016). Exploring the implications of virtual reality technology in tourism marketing: An integrated research framework.International Journal of Tourism Research,18(2), 116-128. Modern virtual reality technology VR systems typically monitor the movement of portable objects or the user’s head or limbs, as well as the data collected is used to assess the user’s vision, object interaction, navigationand potential virtual body movement. Visual elements of the Virtual Reality technologyoften attract the greatest interest, and an audio dimension can also be very critical in creating realistic VEs. The audio is usuallytransmittedby headphonesor speciallyplacedspeakersin Virtual Reality systems. Simeone, A. L., Velloso, E., & Gellersen, H. (2015, April). Substitutional reality: Using the physical environment to design virtual reality experiences. InProceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems(pp. 3307-3316).
3ANNOTATED OUTLINE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Yung, R., & Khoo-Lattimore, C. (2019). New realities: a systematic literature review on virtualrealityandaugmentedrealityintourismresearch.CurrentIssuesin Tourism,22(17), 2056-2081. Future virtual reality technology There is no doubt that VR devices will enhance their ability to activate each of the five senses as VR technology continues to develop. The ways in which theusers communicate withVRsystemsisalsoexpectedtoadvancefarbeyondtheinputandoutput technologies currently being used. Choi, S., Jung, K., & Noh, S. D. (2015). Virtual reality applications in manufacturing industries:Pastresearch,presentfindings,andfuturedirections.Concurrent Engineering,23(1), 40-63. Tourism and VR VR has been identified asthe main technical advances of today that will have a significant impact on the hospitality industry. VE’s are expected to change several industries,with the hospitalityindustry set to capitalize on this technology’s growth. For advertising purposes, hospitalityindustryand destinations tap into emerging realities and therefore provide travelers with a multi-sensory communication experience with destination without even booking trips. VR has long been proposed as a supplement for travel encounters and travel use. Ankomah,P., & Larson, T. (2019). Virtual tourism and itspotentialfor tourism development in sub-saharan africa. InAdvanced methodologies and technologies in digital marketing and entrepreneurship(pp. 584-595). IGI Global.
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4ANNOTATED OUTLINE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Bec, A., Moyle, B., Timms, K., Schaffer, V., Skavronskaya, L., & Little, C. (2019). Management of immersive heritage tourism experiences: A conceptual model.Tourism Management,72, 117-120. Application of Virtual Reality in Hospitality Industry WhenVRtechnologiescontinuetodevelop,theprospectswithinthe hospitalitysectorfocusingtheVR will increase. Nonetheless, regardless of how theVR technologyprogresses,inthehospitalityindustrytherearemultipleimmediate applications for VR. The scope has grown in terms of effective planning with the aid ofVR technologies and enforcing effective tourism policy in the hospitality industry. For plan your journeys, VR apps enable virtually realistic, simple and accurate navigation of thetourist locations. Travelers will experience like a bird’s-eye views of the tourist place with VR technology, to get a comprehensive feel and look of the location to be visited. Nayyar, A., Mahapatra, B., Le, D., & Suseendran, G. (2018). Virtual Reality (VR) & Augmented Reality (AR) technologies for tourism and hospitality industry.International Journal of Engineering & Technology,7(2.21), 156-160. Yung, R., & Khoo-Lattimore, C. (2019). New realities: a systematic literature review on virtualrealityandaugmentedrealityintourismresearch.CurrentIssuesin Tourism,22(17), 2056-2081. Virtual reality as a tourism substitute Many people would like to see thereality and not just virtuality. In fact, certain elements of anytourist experience can never be fully reproducible in VR. Most virtual heritage
5ANNOTATED OUTLINE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY researchers claim that their work inspires visitors to see the real site, providing the visitor extra information to improve the actual visit to the site. A user’s interpretation of theVR experience’s authenticity will be thefactor affecting the acceptance of it as theVR replacement. Obviously, VR experiences are fundamentally inauthentic when assessed with theobjective, criteria-based authenticity evaluation. The willingness of a person to consider a replacement for VR tourism will also be affected by the reasons behind his or her preference for the specific experience. Tourists frequently travel for fun but may also have other, more nuanced motives. This may involve personal motives Bogicevic, V., Seo, S., Kandampully, J. A., Liu, S. Q., & Rudd, N. A. (2019). Virtual realitypresenceasapreambleoftourismexperience:Theroleofmental imagery.Tourism Management,74, 55-64. Najafipour, A. A., Heidari, M., & Foroozanfar, M. H. (2014). Describing the virtual realityandvirtualtouristcommunity(applicationsandimplicationsfortourism industry).KuwaitChapteroftheArabianJournalofBusinessandManagement Review,3(12A), 12. Benefits of Virtual Reality in Hospitality Industry Many travelers willfeel more relaxed because they have seen the aircraft and know the location of all emergency exits. Virtual reality offers visitors the opportunity to take off on the3D plane ride prior to departure. VR’s future in hospitality industryis notcompletely absolving actual tours. Alternatively, travel coordinators will consider the advantagesof virtual reality in tourism as regards presentations.
6ANNOTATED OUTLINE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY The holiday planning business making full use of social media is one, whichdoes more than share pictures of famous locations. The virtual reality can give companies an advantageoverthecompetitionbyhavingcoordinatorspostthe3Dcitytoursso consumers are more excited about travel plans forcontactingthe company. Zaitseva, N. A., Larionova, A. A., Yumatov, K. V., Korsunova, N. M., & Dmitrieva, N. V. (2016). Assessment of the Impact of Globalization on the Introduction of Innovative TechnologyCompaniesintheHospitalityIndustry.InternationalJournalof Environmental and Science Education,11(14), 7176-7185. Wei, W., Qi, R., & Zhang, L. (2019). Effects of virtual reality on theme park visitors' experience and behaviors: A presence perspective.Tourism Management,71, 282-293. Challenges of Virtual Reality in Future While VR technology will continue to develop, the level of innovation that future technologieswillbringisdifficulttopredict.Existingtechnologiesalreadyallow auditory and visual performance of high quality, with precise re-creation of existing sites. Although re-creating VR sites can provide a variety of educational opportunities, any potential inaccuracies in such virtual sites must be recognized as evidence. The question is especially important for historical re-creations since these re-creations would simply reflect a specific period of time. Sheridan, T. B. (2016). Recollections on Presence beginnings, and some challenges for augmented and virtual reality.Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments,25(1), 75-77.
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7ANNOTATED OUTLINE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Gibson, A., & O’Rawe, M. (2018). Virtual reality as a travel promotional tool: Insights from a consumer travel fair. InAugmented reality and virtual reality(pp. 93-107). Springer, Cham. Conclusion VirtualRealityenablingtechnology,themostcommonVRequipmentandother VRapplications use cases for the hospitality industry. This evaluated the successes, shortcomings and challenges for designing and using VRapplications to boost current marketing funnel designs, increase consumer conversion levels and thus provide the added value as well asROI needed.
8ANNOTATED OUTLINE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY References Ankomah, P., & Larson, T. (2019). Virtual tourism and its potential for tourism development in sub-saharan africa. InAdvanced methodologies and technologies in digital marketing and entrepreneurship(pp. 584-595). IGI Global. Bec, A., Moyle, B., Timms, K., Schaffer, V., Skavronskaya, L., & Little, C. (2019). Management ofimmersiveheritagetourismexperiences:Aconceptualmodel.Tourism Management,72, 117-120. Bogicevic, V., Seo, S., Kandampully, J. A., Liu, S. Q., & Rudd, N. A. (2019). Virtual reality presence as a preamble of tourism experience: The role of mental imagery.Tourism Management,74, 55-64. Choi, S., Jung, K., & Noh, S. D. (2015). Virtual reality applications in manufacturing industries: Past research, present findings, and future directions.Concurrent Engineering,23(1), 40- 63. Gibson, A., & O’Rawe, M. (2018). Virtual reality as a travel promotional tool: Insights from a consumer travel fair. InAugmented reality and virtual reality(pp. 93-107). Springer, Cham. Huang, Y. C., Backman, K. F., Backman, S. J., & Chang, L. L. (2016). Exploring the implications of virtual reality technology in tourism marketing: An integrated research framework.International Journal of Tourism Research,18(2), 116-128.
9ANNOTATED OUTLINE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Najafipour, A. A., Heidari, M., & Foroozanfar, M. H. (2014). Describing the virtual reality and virtual tourist community (applications and implications for tourism industry).Kuwait Chapter of the Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review,3(12A), 12. Nayyar, A., Mahapatra, B., Le, D., & Suseendran, G. (2018). Virtual Reality (VR) & Augmented Reality (AR) technologies for tourism and hospitality industry.International Journal of Engineering & Technology,7(2.21), 156-160. Sheridan,T.B.(2016).RecollectionsonPresencebeginnings,andsomechallengesfor augmented and virtual reality.Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments,25(1), 75-77. Simeone, A. L., Velloso, E., & Gellersen, H. (2015, April). Substitutional reality: Using the physical environment to design virtual reality experiences. InProceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems(pp. 3307-3316). Tussyadiah, I. P., Wang, D., Jung, T. H., & tom Dieck, M. C. (2018). Virtual reality, presence, and attitude change: Empirical evidence from tourism.Tourism Management,66, 140- 154. Wei, W., Qi, R., & Zhang, L. (2019). Effects of virtual reality on theme park visitors' experience and behaviors: A presence perspective.Tourism Management,71, 282-293. Yung, R., & Khoo-Lattimore, C. (2019). New realities: a systematic literature review on virtual reality and augmented reality in tourism research.Current Issues in Tourism,22(17), 2056-2081.
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10ANNOTATED OUTLINE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Zaitseva, N. A., Larionova, A. A., Yumatov, K. V., Korsunova, N. M., & Dmitrieva, N. V. (2016). Assessment of the Impact of Globalization on the Introduction of Innovative TechnologyCompaniesintheHospitalityIndustry.InternationalJournalof Environmental and Science Education,11(14), 7176-7185.