Analysis of Leadership Styles and Team Effectiveness

This assignment requires a comprehensive analysis of various leadership styles, including transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership. The document also discusses the importance of effective teamwork, organizational communication, and human resource management in achieving team effectiveness. The analysis is supported by references to academic studies and real-world examples from organizations such as UPS. The assignment aims to understand the relationship between leadership styles, team cohesion, and team performance.

WORKING WITH AND
LEADING PEOPLE

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
LO 1 ................................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Using recruitment, selection, and retention procedure..........................................................1
1.2 Effect of legal and ethical circumstance at the time of recruitments. ..................................2
1.3 Being part of selection process.............................................................................................3
1.4 Contribution as an HR manager in selection process............................................................3
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Skills and attributes required for leadership..........................................................................4
2.2 Difference between leadership and management..................................................................4
2.3 Leadership styles for different situations..............................................................................5
2.4 Ways to prompt staff to achieve objectives..........................................................................6
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................7
LO 3.................................................................................................................................................7
3.1 Benefits of team-working for UPS........................................................................................7
3.2 Working in team as leader and solving the conflicts............................................................7
3.3 Effectiveness of working in team to achieve goals. .............................................................8
LO 4 ................................................................................................................................................9
4.1 Factors involved in planning and monitoring the work performance...................................9
4.2 Assessment of development needs of individuals.................................................................9
4.3 Evaluation of success of assessment process........................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Leadership and leading people help organization in appropriate way. They can lead you
to success as they follow the stratified way along with line of control and command. This type of
people foster the work-environment which helps the workers and other staff to stimulate an open
exchange of their views and encourage demur. Such people through their knowledge and
motivation helps to innovate new things and lead the company to success. They have strong
decision making ability, high skills, business ethics, strategies and concept which helps their
organization to achieve their objectives. Current assignment is related about the United Parcel
Service which is UK's largest courier firms (Bakar and Mustaffa, 2013). Organisation is facing
issues regarding the administration, financial, leadership and management. Along with this, they
have faced various losses as firm failed to deliver the service in time and many of the staff has
left with senior managers. The report suggest various aspects which help the HR to conduct the
recruitment process, selection and retention process. Moreover, report describes different styles
and impact of leadership. Further, how HR are able to make the work progress effectively by
establishing the team work. At last, needs of individual are identified which are necessary for
their development. Suggestions are provided by the HR manager in order to improve the status of
the company and resolve their issues.
TASK 1
LO 1
1.1 Using recruitment, selection, and retention procedure
HR plays essential role in providing skilled human resources which can help organization
to achieve their goals. Having inventive, affianced, innovative, skilled and committed
employees are required by every organization. In order to have such employees the HR
managers needs to make recruitment, selection and retention process. In the firm the recruitment
process have some guidelines which are they must be able to work 20 hrs a week along with this
person should be able to lift 70 pounds (The Hiring Process at UPS: From Application to
Interview to Orientation, 2017).
Applying Process: Company uses the online portal for the application which can be open using
the social security number and then a personal pass code is set by applicants. Personal details are
filled by the applicants and at last recruiters/ HR mails the person if they are illegible.
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Process: As there are more than 10000+ employees required during holiday season every year, so
status of the form is shown at portal of UPS which can help applicants.
Getting call for interview: As the applicants application forms are received by the HR manager
them they allocate the place-time for interview. Moreover, UPS also allows some candidate's to
visit the location of working so they are clear with about working areas.
Interview Process: At UPS different skills, knowledge and dedication is judged so there is no
procedure set for recruitments. They uses different approach in order to evaluate the person.
Sometimes, HR takes the interview first and then can allow you to work for few hours to see
your dedication for the work.
During the recruitment process job description is provided where all the qualification are
mentioned. Resume is the first process which is considered by HR. Then interview process is
done where GD and technical round is taken. At last, CV assessment is there according to
performance and qualification (Bonnici, 2011). Further, company make some research about
candidate related to their background. After all the process if they are selected then they are
informed by letter or call for training and development programs.
1.2 Effect of legal and ethical circumstance at the time of recruitments.
During the recruitment process, legal and ethical factors are needed to be considered so
that it can be taken in proper format. There are various legal consideration which company needs
to follow like The Equality Act 1998-2004 which are considered by every organisation. This
means that every employ must be provided fair shot during recruitment. They must not be
discriminated on any status. Such factors are considered by the HR at UPS, they follow
complete rules and regulation for conducting the interview and there is no act like discrimination
happens. Further, company follows the standard ethical practice in their operational management
and recruitment process. Through this employees don't feel vulnerable at work place along with
discrimination. Government has the set of regulation for employee protection which helps
company to avoid any unethical work (Caldwell, 2013). Along with this, the organization is not
found in any debt bondage, undisclosed fees or contract substitution, social isolation or illegal
activities. For instance, women are also allowed to work in UPS with the same salary and post as
of men.
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1.3 Being part of selection process
Choosing the effective and dedicated staff is what the role of HR. Selecting the right
candidate's is the main objective of us which can easily handle their work load and stress. Being
the HR manager, various strategies and planning are made by me in order recruit suitable
individuals which can perform their duties at UPS with full dedication. Following stages are
followed by me in order to make selection process:
1. In UPS as there is requirement of general manager and other staff so advertisement and
job details were send through newspaper and posters. Further, those applicants who have
previously applied are being evaluated on their education and other qualification level.
2. Company needed the loyal candidate's which can support the company during heavy
work load so dedication was main aspect which candidate must show (Collins and
McCray, 2012). Further, unskilled employees are not required as they will decrease the
profitability of the firm.
3. Then through calls and emails interview place-time was decided and interview was taken.
4. For the interview process resume were selected of applicable candidate's, then GD,
aptitude and technical round was taken. For those who cleared and scored good marks are
selected for final interview. Candidate's are judged at the basis that whether they are able
to perform the duties with rules and regulation in the company.
5. For this interviewee ask certain question related to company or to evaluate the applicants.
Those found applicable are selected and the company introduce them other details.
6. Legal social and ethical points are considered during the interview so that there is no
discrimination among applicants. If they continue they are provided training.
1.4 Contribution as an HR manager in selection process
In order to attract potential applicants HR manager need to focus on the selection process.
Further there should not be any partiality or illegal aspects followed during or after the interview.
Selecting the right candidate's their potential ability and capabilities must be evaluated. As the
HR manager of the company, recruitment should be healthy competitive process followed by
applicants. Certain techniques, theories and models are used by me during the time of selection
process (DeChurch and Mesmer-Magnus, 2010). Human relation theories are adopted in order to
maintain friendly relationship with new applicants. Some of the contribution made by the me are
mentioned below:
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1. The interview was done by following all the rules, regulation and policies followed by
the company. There was no discrimination or ill-aspects taken during the interview.
2. Candidate's were given the proper environment so that they are able to feel comfortable
during the interview.
3. Selection of candidate's was done accordingly to the position applied and all the firm
laws were introduced to them like working hours and pays.
4. Further, before the selection processes they were detailed at work-position and how they
would be performing their function. Workplace safety and team-working were relevant
factors which must be focused by new applicants.
5. For all the process, financial, budget, statistics and data were develop and utilize.
6. After the recruitment success was measured and evaluation was made.
LO 2
2.1 Skills and attributes required for leadership.
Leadership are required in UPS so that new techniques and methods can be adopted to
minimize the work load and maintain the market status. They provide the ideas and concepts by
which UPS service level can be increased. In order to be good and effective leader following
qualities like honesty, delegation, efficacious communication, interpersonal skills, confident,
committed, positive attitude, creative, good learner and listener, motivator and must have
positive approach towards other employs. Moreover, person should be able to inspire other so
they could also innovate new things (Allen and Hartman, 2008). Having such qualities person
can help to maximize work-efficiency and provide new ways by which UPS can achieve its
goals. Further they are required to maintain the team work and work balance. Their self
confidence and morale values provide stable market growth to the company. With their effective
contribution they can easily resolve issues faced by organization.
2.2 Difference between leadership and management
Leadership is about doing accurate things while management is completing things rights.
Leadership and management both are required in order to complete the organisation task and
achieve their goals and objectives. Though they are same but there are certain difference between
them in UPS. Some them are mentioned below:
Leadership Management
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Definition Person is able to inspire, motivate and
supports and helps others so they can
contribute to organisation in effective
way and lead it to success.
Their main task is to organize,
maintain, direct and control the staff
so that with team work and
coordination they can complete their
task and make organization achieve
its goals.
Personality Honesty, delegation, efficacious
communication, interpersonal skills,
confident, committed, positive attitude,
creative, good learner and listener,
motivator and must have positive
approach towards other employs.
Problem solving approach, good
maintenance, able to organize things
appropriately, persistence, good
listener, can provide advice and
helping nature
Positioning and
Focus
They are focused on leading (Mehta
and et.al., 2015)
They are focused on tasks
management
Outcome Accomplishment Final result
Approach They are focused towards the problems
and concentrate to find solution
Build planning, strategies. Further
need to follow policies and methods
to manage the team properly. Take
action which are required for UPS
benefits.
Risk taking
factor
They take risk in order to innovate new
things
They reduce the chances to risk
Decision making Helpful Active
Organisational
Structure
They have followers They have subordinates
Style Innovative, participative and
consultative
Authoritarian, Standard, Interact,
Dominating and Advisory
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2.3 Leadership styles for different situations
In order to solve certain problems in UPS various leadership styles are followed which
help them to perform the specified tasks. Some of this styles are detailed below: Autocratic: Decision making is done by single person without consideration of other
members. Complete administration power is under their hands. Such decision are
imposed on others. Such leadership qualities are not adopted in UPS as they have work in
team and follow firm ethics. Participative: During such decision making, judgements are made in consideration of all
employees. Though the final decision are taken by leader but it includes others opinion.
Such type of approach shows team work and positive work-environment. At UPS this
type of methods are practised (Singh and Sushil., 2013). Transactional: These type of leadership style uses the rewards and punishments
methods. If performance of the employee is found to be good they are promoted else they
get demotion. For this purpose monitoring and performance evaluation is done. Such
leadership helps employees to know their weakness and strengths which can be enhanced
by them.
 Transformational: In such leadership approach, organisation communicate with staff to
meet their objectives. Motivation and other development programs are made in order to
achieve organization goals. This helps to reduce work load, increase performance and
complete task in limited time. Such leadership style is adopted and followed at UPS.
2.4 Ways to prompt staff to achieve objectives
Sometimes there are chances when staff needed motivation or support in order to
improve their performance, productivity and strengths. Its the role of manager and leader to
motivate their staff in UPS so they can complete their work within time and in appropriate ways.
In UPS following ways are used to promote the staff:
 Building communication level and team-working in the organisation (Wagner III and
Hollenbeck, 2014)
 Providing monetary and non monetary rewards, according to performance and ability
 To improve the skills and abilities providing the training and services.
 Including the staff in decision making process.
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Following two methods are used for providing motivation to employees at UPS:
Maslow's theory of motivation : There are 5 stages in Maslow in order to enhance the
capabilities of individual employ. Hierarchy stage is followed in this where basic, psychological
and self-fulfilment needs are considered. This factors helps the individual to grow their skills and
remain motivated.
Herzberg Two factor theory: Fredrick Herzberg suggested that there are various factors which
influence individual to improve their performance level. Accomplishment, recognition,
obligation, challenges, development etc. are considered to be among main motivation factor.
Other factors can be positive work-environment and hygiene, team work and employee relation.
UPS consider both the theory for the individual development. Both the theories help them
to achieve their goals and maintain ethical and morale values in company (Wilkinson, 2014).
TASK 2
LO 3
3.1 Benefits of team-working for UPS
Strength in organisation can be increased using team-work. Though, in organisation
person have to work individually but the are collaborated to achieve single goals. This helps to
build teamwork. In order to remain in market and provide strong competition such things are
required. Higher level of problems and workload can be reduced. Collective working in UPS
helps in following ways.
 Employees can effectively use their potential in collaborated manner which can combine
all their ability to innovate new things or methods. Such things can help them during the
period of vacation (Haywood and Tzuriel, 2013).
 Through this they can improve their productivity, knowledge, skills and ability. This
increases the efficiency, productivity, knowledge and reduces work load on individual.
 Positive work environment is developed and morale values increases.
 Employees can easily achieve their target in limited time and can support other
employees to reduce their work load. This helps to reduce issues in the company and
create healthy work environment.
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3.2 Working in team as leader and solving the conflicts.
Being a leader, person has to perform lot of task at same time and take decision so that
organization can make development. I too have to puzzle out certain issues and conflicts faced
by the staff members along with customers. Some of them are mentioned below:
Employees faces issues about different things which I need to listen and take action
accordingly (Huang, 2016). Further, some cases are too complicated which required entire team
and group meeting. Issues related to late delivery or working hours and payments are common
issues which are necessary to be resolved. For this I listen their problem, identify the main reason
and then provide them solution. If then also employees find issues then team meeting is
organized and issues are kept in front of all, finally collective decision is considered. As the
company adopts the ethical policies they don't have such issues regularly.
Feedback: To improve the performance of the employees and reduce issues in company, at
regular interval feedback are taken from the employees and possible solution are provided.
Interacting with employees help to create good communication level in the company and they
can work with their full performance.
3.3 Effectiveness of working in team to achieve goals.
In UPS, team work help in following ways to achieve their goals of organization:
1. Open communication: In UPS, every staff members are allowed to raise their voice and
communicate at all organisational level through proper approach. This helps to improve
effectiveness of employees (Jackson, Schuler and Werner, 2011).
2. Workers in decision making process: This helps to take decision according to employees
perception. Through, this they will face less issues in organization and contribute their
work with potential. Organisation considered there suggestion valuable and important for
its growth.
3. Organise team activities:Organizing such activities helps to know each other. Staff share
their skills, ability and problems. Further, they use it to be more productive to company.
Interrelationship develops and they act as family in UPS.
4. Monetary and non-monetary rewards:In order to encourage and motivate the staff such
things are provided. By this way, efficacious work is received and performance is
increased.
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LO 4
4.1 Factors involved in planning and monitoring the work performance
In UPS being a service company, monitoring and planning are required to improve the
performance level and develop positive work environment. For this following factors are
included
1. Learning style: this helps to evaluate the performance and ability about how task has been
accomplished by the employee (Caldwell, 2013). For this they are assigned various task
which needs to be completed within time limit. Further,understanding level of employees
increases and they are able to understand working criteria.
2. Analytical and technical skills: Such skills are necessary to so that they can complete
their task in simple aligned ways.
3. Monitoring: Such things helps the employees to analyse and assess the workers working
ability.
4.2 Assessment of development needs of individuals
Assessment is required to improve performance and achieve target. IN UPS assessment is
done in following stages:
1. Planning: Data collection and information are gathered from the employees and
performance is being evaluated after which planning is started. Planning helps to identify
the pros and cons of employees (Collins and McCray, 2012)
2. Analyse and access: Following stages improves the strength and weakness from the
previous planning stage. Proper feedback, training, development and motivation are
provided to improve. It helps to increase working efficiency and develops ability to solve
analytical problems.
3. Improve: After the above stage, improvements is provided and feedbacks are collected
which shows the employee ability. Improvement are regularly evaluated and provided so
more skills and ability can be increased.
4.3 Evaluation of success of assessment process.
Following success plans are adopted in order to assess the process of the employees.
Using the above assessment process employees can improve their ability, skills and performance.
Following point justified the following factors:
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Improved employee’s performance: Strength and weakness are identified by the manager in the
company. For this various aspects, methods and training and development programs are
organized. Such things helps to improve the employees interpersonal skills and ability
( DeChurch and Mesmer-Magnus, 2010).
Increased productivity: In UPS firm, productivity is increased as now people are working in
groups to solve issues. Moreover, incentives and gifts helps to improve performance which in
terms result in productivity. Now delivery process is fast due to advancement and adaptation of
new technologies.
CONCLUSION
From the above report we can conclude that, leadership qualities are required to innovate
new things in firm. Due to their risk taking ability and skills company can achieve success in
market. In order to maintain the level and standards of UPS, company must adopt the
motivational theory mentioned in the report. Moreover, difference between leadership and
managers mentioned along with motivation theory. Further team-working and other concepts
related to leadership in UPS are described, evaluated and discussed. Various plans are designed
and techniques to used in this plan to improve performance level at UPS.
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