Leadership and Management Styles

The provided assignment details a comprehensive analysis of leadership and management styles. It explores the importance of effective leadership strategies in achieving business objectives, discussing topics such as planning, performance monitoring, equality, discrimination, government policies, selection processes, team working, and more. The document cites various references from books and journals to support its arguments, making it a valuable resource for students looking to understand these concepts.

Working with and Leading
People

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Documentation to select and recruit a new member of staff.................................................1
1.2 Impact of legal, regulatory and ethical in recruitment and selection process.......................2
1.3 Taking part in selection process............................................................................................2
1.4 Own contribution in selection process..................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Skills and attributes needs for leadership..............................................................................4
2.2 Difference between leadership and management..................................................................5
2.3 Leadership styles of different situations...............................................................................5
2.4 Different ways to motivate staff to achieve objectives.........................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
3.1 Benefits of team working for an organisation.......................................................................7
3.2 Working in a team as a leader towards specific goals..........................................................7
3.3 Effectiveness of team to achieves goals................................................................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
4.1 Planning, monitoring and assessment of work performance................................................8
4.2 Assessment of development needs of an individual.............................................................9
4.3 Evaluate the success of assessment process..........................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Each and every organisation management require to work and lead people by giving them
appropriate instruction and guidance in respect to duties and tasks assigned to them. This help
administration to motivate and inspire employees to make them perform tasks effectively;
thereby accomplish goals and objectives. Present assignment is based on United Parcel Services
which is popular courier company established in UK. This report includes documentation done
by employer to select and recruit a new member. Impact of legal, regulatory and ethical
considerations in recruitment and selection process. By taking part in selection activities help
examine contribution (Reesand French, 2016). This help acknowledge skills and attributes
needed for leadership to motivate staff and achieve objectives. Superior assess benefits of team
work and overcome their conflicts. Work and development needs of individuals are analysed by
seniors to make them success and grow in career.
TASK 1
1.1 Documentation to select and recruit a new member of staff
Human resource is essential part of business which conduct recruitment process to select
and provide duties to members to conduct appropriate business operations. In UPS, employer
select candidate which have skills and knowledge to produce creative and unique things in
according to fulfil demands of people. For this, management uses various tactics and techniques
to communicate and inform public and staff about various position that are vacant. This gives
opportunity to candidates to apply for job in respect to their qualification and experience. These
are various documentation which are done by HR are stated below (Goleman, 2017):
Job description: This document is prepared by employer to specify company, job title,
role, responsibilities and other essential details in respect to job. This help UPS to attract
applicants by providing them information about post.
Advertisement: This is another tools used by human resource to aware individual about
job and its description to grab attention of people.
Approval of recruitment: This is document which is send by employer to give
information to candidate about their selection and invite them for interview.
Curriculum Vitae (CV): This is document which includes information about candidate
that is name, address, e-mail and other personal details. Along this, education qualification,
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experience and certificate courses are specified by applicant to help entrepreneur acknowledge
their capabilities and select appropriate person (O'Sullivan, Moneypenny and McKimm, 2015).
1.2 Impact of legal, regulatory and ethical in recruitment and selection process
Employer require to have complete information about rules and legislations that are
formulated by government to protect and manage organisation. It is essential that system
function legally and adequate workforce is present in firm which help administration to
accomplish objectives. Human resource manager of UPS recruit people which have adequate
skills and abilities to perform tasks in proficient manner. Employment equality regulation act,
sex discrimination act and so on are various laws which are considered by administration of UPS
while providing duties and compensation to staff. Therefore, this is influence of legal, regulatory
and ethical consideration in recruitment and selection process is stated beneath: Sex Discrimination Act: Employer duty is to give duties and tasks to members in respect
to their skills and abilities. Male and female, both have right to get fair and equal
treatment from management. Along this, they even require to get compensation in
according to their performance and outcomes (Adamou, 2017). Right to Employment Act: Every individual require to get job and able to generate
adequate income to maintain and regulate livelihood and standards. Human resource
check criminal record and background profile of applicant to select appropriate person.
 Age regulation Act: Old and young members require to be given same advantage and
facilities by employer in respect to their performance and experience. This help UPS to
deliver quality things to people and give importance to competent and skilled members.
1.3 Taking part in selection process
Recruitment activities that is interview, aptitude test and group discussion are various
techniques conducted to acknowledge skills and knowledge of individual; thereby select best
candidate. Job description and advertisement are various tools used to provide information to
people about profile, roles and responsibilities. This help attract people and make them apply for
job. After this, these are various activities organised to select best applicant are as follows: Selection panel: Individuals send curriculum vitae which provide appropriate
information about knowledge and qualification. This help to choose candidate and send
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them confirmation and provide information about various activities that is test and
interview. Short listing: This is next step in which aptitude test that is MCQ and IQ are organised to
examine knowledge and abilities of individual. This help select candidate and arrange
interview for people which have adequate good technical skills. Interview session: Panel is determined by top personnels to interact with candidate and
acknowledge their skills and knowledge. Questions are asked from applicant in respect to
know their background, educational qualification, experience and knowledge and cultural
background.
 Appointment: This is essential activity which defines sending letter to applicant about
their selection. Individual is informed about job profile, role and responsibilities and
other essential data in respect to location and salary.
1.4 Own contribution in selection process
Employer conducts interview, test and physical examination to anticipate skills and
abilities of candidates. They plays essential part in selection process which is choose best
applicant and provide them duties and targets in respect to their capabilities. Job description,
advertisement and job letter are various documents that are prepared to inform people about job
title, role and responsibilities. Along this, CV is tool used to anticipate qualification and
experience of applicant; thereby select best individual. This help UPS to have adequate
manpower which benefit company to execute business operations effectively.
As I was part of panel of interview, questions were asked from applicant to assess
abilities of person and communication skills. Curriculum Vitae is document which specifies
information about education, experience and various other courses that are done by individual.
Face to face interaction with applicant makes it more relevant to acknowledge their knowledge in
various field and areas. Besides this, physical examination is conducted by me in which mental
and health condition of candidate is analysed. This help me to select best individual and send
appointment. Induction and orientation are various activities organised to inform new joiners
about environment of UPS. Along this, duties and tasks are given to candidate in according to
their capabilities.
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TASK 2
2.1 Skills and attributes needs for leadership
Superior require to have ability to direct and coordinate employees to make them perform
tasks effectively. Leaders are not made as they are born talented and have skills to manage team
members. They require to have appropriate skills and features to easily guide and instruct
colleagues to function proficiently. UPS is company which is expanding business and increasing
branches to enhance market reach and customer base. New outlets are opened in different cities
and nations to provide appropriate facilities to people to avail services of UPS. For this,
management require to have adequate number of employees which give quality and quick things
to customers to satisfy and make them loyal towards firm. These are various abilities and
attributes which leader have are defined below (Quaile, 2017): Communication skills: Leader provide instruction and guidance to staff in respect to
tasks and activities assigned. It is necessary that employees have complete information
about targets and duties required to be accomplished by them. Along this, suggestions
and feedback is taken from members to anticipate their opinion and thoughts; thereby
make changes and modification in system accordingly. Motivational skills: Subordinates work in proficient manner and complete tasks
effectively. Training and development programmes that is sessions and seminars are
organised by leader of UPS to improve skills and abilities of staff; thereby give them
chance to grow in career. Promotion, rewards, appraisal and compensation are various
other techniques that help superior to increase morale of employees (Ntui, 2017). Decision-making skills: Meeting and conference are executed by superior of UPS to
involve members and take appropriate judgements. Leader and manager are involved by
administration to make select adequate things, frame strategies and design system to
function effectively.
 Conflict resolution skills: Leader establish friendly relations with subordinates which
help timely acknowledge issues and difficulties faced by them; thereby provide them
appropriate solutions. This help UPS to retain skilled and competent people for longer
period. Along this, team members are coordinated and function effectively with each
other.
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2.2 Difference between leadership and management
Manager responsibility is to frame strategies and provide duties and targets to members
in respect to their skills and knowledge. Employees work effectively if they have complete
information about tasks and proper instruction and guidance. Apart from this, leader establish
relations with staff to motivate and solve issues and conflicts of members. Thus, both
management and leader have different responsibilities and duties which is stated below (Kim and
Beehr, 2018):
Source Leadership Management
Concept This is narrow tactic, as leader
duties and responsibilities are
less than manager.
It is wider concept, because
manager frame strategies and
coordinate team.
Function Leader construct relations to
motivate and inspire staff;
thereby make them perform
tasks effectively and achieve
targets timely.
Manager frame strategies and
provide duties to team
members in according to their
skills and abilities. This help
them to attain UPS objectives.
Authority Leadership might be present in
informal group to direct
employees by establishing
friendly relations with them.
Management is aspect which
exist in formal organisation
structure which are given
duties by executive.
2.3 Leadership styles of different situations
Superior responsibility is to direct and motivate members to make them perform tasks
effectively. In USP, leader provide instruction and guidance to staff in respect to duties and tasks
assigned by seniors. These are various leadership style which are used by leader to make system
function in according to market conditions are stated below (Michelman, 2017):
Autocratic leadership: This style define that leader keeps decision-making and power
with themselves as they don't give importance to members. Superior may not be able to make
appropriate judgements and select things in according to their skills and knowledge.
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Democratic leadership: This style determine that workers and superior are involved in
decision-making which help administration to make appropriate judgements. This also help
seniors to direct members and make them feel connected by giving value to their skills and
experience.
Free-rein and Laissez-faire leadership: This is another style which is used by leader to
distribute powers to employees and give them freedom to take decisions and choose things in
according to duties and outcomes required to be accomplished by them (Williams, 2017).
From these leader of USP uses autocratic leadership style which help superior to make
appropriate judgements and timely take decisions. Employees are given importance and feel
connected by seniors by involving them in meeting and conferences.
2.4 Different ways to motivate staff to achieve objectives
Subordinates perform tasks effectively and complete work within defined time, if they
get adequate working environment and facilities by management. UPS is courier company which
require to have skilled and competent members to provide quality items and quick services to
people. These are various tactics that are used by superior to increase morale of employees and
accomplish objectives are stated below: Compensation: In UPS, staff members are given salary in according to their performance
and outcomes. This help superior to motivate employees and make them execute
activities in proficient manner. Training and development: Sessions, seminar, training and development are various
activities that are conducted by manager of UPS to enhance skills and abilities of staff;
thereby give them opportunity to grow in career. Along this, employees are even able to
work with latest technologies easily (Cochenet, 2015).
 Treating employees with Respect: Manager of UPS maintain good relations with team
members to direct then and make them dedicated towards job. Employees are given
respect and value which help seniors to retain skilled and competent members for longer
period.
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TASK 3
3.1 Benefits of team working for an organisation
Management frame strategies and provide duties and targets to staff in respect to their
skills and abilities. UPS is courier company which require adequate business operations executed
by employees. Various team are constructed to utilise resources and deliver appropriate items
and services to clients. This help superior to prevent duplication and utilise material efficiently.
These are various importance that team working have on performance of company are stated
below:
Effective growth: In UPS, system function effectively which is due to team working
which helps management to deliver appropriate items and services to people. Business activities
become easier and faster, if activities are divided into workers (FitzGerald and Quiñones, 2018).
Establish employee relationship: Proper cooperation and coordination are various
aspects which help leader to direct members and make them perform tasks effectively. Manger
encourage open communication and positive feedback to have complete and accurate
information about system functionality and market conditions.
Increase sales and profitability: Team working helps UPS to utilise funds, material and
manpower; thereby deliver appropriate items and services to people. Along this, creative and
innovative things are given to customers which help superior to attract customers and make them
purchase things. Thus, management is able to enhance sales and generate adequate revenue from
business (Heilmann, 2017).
3.2 Working in a team as a leader towards specific goals
In UPS, leader establish relations with staff to acknowledge issues and difficulties faced
by them, thereby provide them appropriate solutions; thereby achieve goals and objectives.
These are various importance that team working has on system functionality are as follows:
 Coordinator- Manager provide instruction and guidance to members to direct them and
make them perform tasks in proficient manner.
 Monitor the performance- Superior conducts performance appraisal to acknowledge
capabilities of employees by analysing outcomes generated by them. This help UPS
deliver quality things and services to people.
 Finisher- Manager takes care that staff complete tasks and targets within defined time.
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 Implementer- Superior require to have ability to execute strategy and conduct
appropriate business operations to deliver adequate things to customers.
 Team worker- Manager coordinate members and make them work in group so that
appropriate things are delivered to people. This also helps UPS to utilise resources that is
funds, material and manpower efficiently (Schmidt, 2018).
3.3 Effectiveness of team to achieves goals
Team working help organisation to accomplish goals and objectives within defined time.
Staff members are given duties and tasks in according to their skills and abilities. This help
management of UPS to organise business operations and deliver appropriate items and services
to people; thereby accomplish goals and objectives. Company performance is analysed by
superior by conducting market research and survey. This help administration to have complete
information about reputation and image of UPS in respect to rival firms.
Proper code of conduct and tactics are designed by manager of UPS to direct members
and make them perform activities in proficient manner. This help seniors to make employees
perform activities in team effectively. There will be no duplication of activities and resources are
utilised efficiently. Thus, management is able to enhance goodwill in market and accomplish
goals and objectives (Rees and French, 2016).
TASK 4
4.1 Planning, monitoring and assessment of work performance
Management formulate strategies and plan which specifies about various business
activities that are executed to deliver appropriate items and services to people. In UPS,
employees performance and outcomes are analysed by superior. Market research is conducted by
superior to analyse customer's requirement and image and reputation in market. These are
various techniques used by manager to monitor working of staff are stated below:
Performance appraisal: Management by objective, BARS, 360-degree appraisal, cost
accounting and various other methods are used by superior of UPS to acknowledge skills and
capabilities by comparing actual results with standards.
Survey customers: Market research is tool used by manager to have accurate and
complete information about needs and wants of people. This help UPS to design system and
deliver things in respect to demands of customers (Goleman, 2017).
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Professional Development Plan:
Focus
Area
Where now Activity Resources Timings
Presentati
on skills
Good communication
ability and able to
establish relation with
staff.
Provide information to
members about duties
and targets.
MS PowerPoint
software
15 days
Team
working
skills
Effective interpersonal
ability which help in
coordinating members
and function in group.
Employee engagement
programmes such as
conference and
meeting
Organise games 30 days
4.2 Assessment of development needs of an individual
UPS is courier firm which has outlet established in UK and various other nations.
Management conducts performance appraisal which help them analyse capabilities of staff
members. Outcomes are compared by standards to assess skills and abilities of employees.
Training and development programmes such as session and seminar are organised to improve
knowledge and capabilities of subordinates. This help staff members to grow up in career and
utilise opportunities of promoting to higher position (O'Sullivan, Moneypenny and McKimm,
2015).
Professional development plan helps individual have complete information about their
abilities and take adequate coaching and lectures to improve capabilities. Staff members learn
new ways and things to conduct activities in innovative manner and complete duties effectively.
4.3 Evaluate the success of assessment process
Management of UPS conducts assessment activities to examine effectiveness of system.
It is essential that employees are given duties and tasks in according to their skills and abilities.
This help company to deliver quality things and services to customers which help superior
enhance image and image in market. Performance appraisal techniques that is BARS, 360-degree
appraisal, cost accounting to acknowledge capabilities of staff by comparing actual outcomes by
standards. This help seniors analyse importance of training and development programmes to
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enhance skills and abilities of members; thereby make them give opportunities to grow in career
(Adamou, 2017).
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be comprehended working and leading people is essential
activity that is executed by management to direct members and make them perform tasks
effectively. Documentation that is job description, advertisement, CV are used for recruitment
and selection process. Equality, discrimination and government policies are analysed by
administration to anticipate impact on business activities. Selection process is executed to choose
best candidate and provide them duties accordingly. Leader assess skills and attributes and use
appropriate leadership styles to motivate employees and accomplish objectives. Team working
helps manager to direct staff and make them function effectively. Thus, planning and
performance is monitored by management to conduct activities for development needs of an
individual.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Adamou, C., 2017. Leading and managing people effectively in the face of global public health
emergencies: lessons from Ebola and Zika virus outbreaks. Strategic HR Review. 16(1).
pp.45-48.
Cochenet, J., 2015. A Woman Leading an Orchestra. Women in Higher Education. 24(2). pp.6-
7.
FitzGerald, A. M. and Quiñones, S., 2018. Working in and With Community: Leading for
Partnerships in a Community School. Leadership and Policy in Schools, pp.1-22.
Goleman, D., 2017. Leadership That Gets Results (Harvard Business Review Classics). Harvard
Business Press.
Heilmann, P., 2017. 2 Leading a Specialist. Navigating Through Changing Times: Knowledge
Work in Complex Environments.
Kim, M. and Beehr, T. A., 2018. Empowering leadership: leading people to be present through
affective organizational commitment?. The International Journal of Human Resource
Management. pp.1-25.
Michelman, P., 2017. Leading to Become Obsolete. MIT Sloan Management Review. 59(1).
Ntui, A. M., 2017. Challenges in Leading and Managing People in Institutions of Learning in
Cameroon. Research Journal of Education. 3(11). pp.150-156.
O'Sullivan, H., Moneypenny, M. J. and McKimm, J., 2015. Leading and working in
teams. British Journal of Hospital Medicine. 76(5). pp.264-269.
Peterson, R. S., 2016. Four steps to leading diverse teams effectively. London Business School
Review. 27(3). pp.40-43.
Quaile, A., 2017. Leading support for those with mental health issues and learning
disabilities. British Journal of Mental Health Nursing. 6(6). pp.294-296.
Rees, G. and French, R. eds., 2016. Leading, managing and developing people. Kogan Page
Publishers.
Schmidt, A., 2018. Contested authority: Working women in leading positions in the early
modern Dutch urban economy. In Women and Work in Premodern Europe. pp. 214-
236. Routledge.
Williams, K., 2017. Youth Leading Youth: Fighting for the Environment [Pipelining: Attractive
Programs for Women]. IEEE Women in Engineering Magazine. 11(2). pp.42-44.
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