TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1 P1 Assessing different classical management theories and application in service industry.......1 P2 Explaining role of leader and different leadership styles in context of service industry.......2 P3 Reviewing management and leadership styles in Hazev, Haz and Tas chains......................3 P4Investigatinghowdigitaltechnologyaffectedinternalandexternalfactorsimpact management styles and structure................................................................................................4 P6 Discuss future management and leadership skills required by the service sector and how these can be achieved..................................................................................................................5 P7 Comparing and contrasting different service industry organization change management systems and leadership in implementing change........................................................................6 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8 REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9
INTRODUCTION Leadership plays an effective role in every business area such that it is the action of a leading group or an organization who help a business to leads towards success. In the same way, report also based upon the case study of Docklands Academy which has a close relationships with three restaurants such as Havez, Haz and Tas. That further includes 21 food and beverages operation at world level. The report present different classical management theories and also describe the role of leader and different leadership styles in the service sector industry. Further, study will also review the management and leadership styles and also determine the internal and external factor that influence management style and its structure as well. Then, report assess the current management and leadership hard and soft skills by providing evidence as well and also discussfuture managementand leadership skills required by a firm as well. Lastly. It also contrast different service industry organization change management system. P1 Assessing different classical management theories and application in service industry Classical management theory is on basis of belief that workers have presence of economic and physical needs. It does not account social needs along with job satisfaction but advocates specialization of labour, maximising profit, centralised leadership along with decision making. There are numerous classical management theories are stated below: Scientific management approach: It is on basis of concept of planning of work to attain standardisation, efficiency, simplification and specialisation. This acknowledge the approach to raise productivity via mutual trust among workers and management. On basis of service industry, every portion of task must be analysed and selected the best one and workers must be selected carefully and offered specific training to perform task as per scientific developed method (Kark, Van Dijk and Vashdi, 2018). The manager must be cooperating each worker at every stage in order for ensuring about right path. Lastly, the task and responsibilities must be divided in workers and management must develop scientific methods . Weber's bureaucratic approach: This theory lays emphasis to operate organization under different hierarchy of positions. Moreover, it is well known that it has presence of higher authority which ultimately reach to owner or director of organization. This consider company as segment of wider society on basis of concept of different formal organizations. The service industry must have appropriate structure where positions should be appropriately arranged in 1
hierarchy along with established amount of authority and responsibility. However, expertise labor and rules and procedure will be formalised. Administrative approach: It is a mode to organize things in proper manner which comprises clearly defined tasks, hierarchical structure and division of labour of the organizations. On basis of service industry, management lays emphasis to improve performance along with organization's overall function. Furthermore, management must imply appropriate blend of de centralisation and centralisation of decision making and authority. Thus, unity of command and directions should be there with interest of organization must not become subservient to interests of individual along with interest of group of employees. P2 Explaining role of leader and different leadership styles in context of service industry Leadership is all about motivating, influencing and enabling for contributing towards success and effectiveness of organization of which they are members. It is a key element in service firm to attain success because of significance for learning, customer relations and cooperation in this environment. The two important leadership styles are stated below with role of leader: Transformational leadership: It is practice of corporation through which leaders and followers incident consonance of high level among vision and values of organization along with competence, personality and conduct. In this leadership style, leaders motivate and encourage subordinates to step beyond self interests and to build commitment for mission and objectives of organizations in service industry. The leaders sacrifice willingly about own interests over the shared objectives and values of company. Moreover, this type of leader rely on great pool of motivation and knowledge to problem solving instead of constantly giving solution. This particular leadership styles lays focus on inspiring followers through promoting vision that followers would be capable to attain more than expectation with presence of extra efforts and they seeks for arousing and satisfying higher needs (Jensen and et.al., 2019). In this aspect, there are factors which reflects components of transformational leadership style as idealized influence attributes and behaviour, inspirational motivation, individualised consideration and intellectual simulation. Transactional leadership: The leaders in this styles are highly anxious about processes instead of future growth. However, they disburse awareness to followers work with context to locate deviations and faults. Similarly, they concentrate in performance of followers and 2
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associated satisfaction to both punishments and rewards to attain recent organizational objectives in efficient manner. The contingent management and rewards through exception are two features of transactional leader. Moreover, contingent reward is the reward that particular follower would be granted if agreed objectives are attained. They will inspire commitment, loyalty and higher performance through the followers (Cho and et.al., 2019). In management through exception, leaders would closely trace followers for investigating level of difference of performance of subordinates via pre identified standards. Thus, leaders forms culture of empowerment for subordinates by giving training and guidance along with sufficient resources and authorityto satisfy the external customers which are key to gain success in service industry. P3 Reviewing management and leadership stylesin Hazev, Haz and Tas chains Service sector is largest sector which gives major contribution in the present scenario and is growing in positive aspect as well. The review of above stated management and leadership style in service sector are stated below: Transformational leadership style: Pros This approach is very important for particular restaurant chain in Hazev, Haz and Tas chains as this stands out through other style of leadership and enables quickly to assess current situation of organization along with formulating vision for growth and its improvement. The leaders communicate visions appropriately to others and to get each of them on board. It indirectly helps in dealing with challenging situations and even creates enthusiastic work environment and drove company with alterations and innovations. In this style, it vision aligns with capability to inspire and motivate and even passion is common trait that enable these leaders to attain their members for optimising performance. Cons In the similar aspect, these leaders are known with context to inspiration and vision of big pictures and they will struggle with detailed orientation at particular time. In simple words, it could face serious detail issues and extracted that they might fall in trap to depend too much on emotion and passion tends to overlook truth and reality in restaurant chain. Although, type of leadership is powerful and not used morally and for mutual benefit. It is not associated with approach fits to definitionand employ transformational leader to attain alternatives through 3
motivating followers for setting aside individual and short term interests to work together for common objective. Transactional leadership style Pros It helps in giving clear evaluation about roles and expectations through leader and followers and even this ensures culture within service sector is maintained. It also observes that rules are strictly followed according to behavioural norms. This is composed of structure which is concise and clear and employees with this type of management style informed prior hand that what company expects from them. Lastly, this is very effective within terms of production and cutting down costs with fact that leadership style has presence of short term objectives that creates ease for employees to get the things done in restaurant chain. Cons Onthecontrary,itsignifiesfailurefordeliveringtheexpectedresultcoldgive consequences such as reduction of pay, without bonuses or the worse: dismissal. Furthermore, leadership style is very direct in face approach. Apart from this, leader expect outcome through his followers which in turn gives and desire to suffer the consequences in service sector. P4Investigatinghowdigitaltechnologyaffectedinternalandexternalfactorsimpact management styles and structure Every organization has their own culture as each aspect impacts ability of organization to respond and compete successfully to alterations in external environment. The leaders are capable for impacting and guide people so organization could become very effective to attain objectives. Leadership styles are impacted through both external and internal factors which are stated below: External factors Organizational environment: The business have specific work environment with own values which is direct legacy of previous leaders along with current leadership. These specificvaluesarecareoforganizationwithpresenceofcustomers.,investors, community and the staff and they identify that how business would be managed (External FactorsAffectingLeadership,2019).Thedigitaltechnologyhasimpactedthe organizational environment because several members are well known to tech and they criticise their opposite one. 4
Organizational resources: Generally leaders are dependent on the resources and position is defined through responsibilities and tasks must be performed in relationship with others. Internal factors Communication: The successful organization thrives on robust communication where team leaders and teams communicate freely and for improving outcome (Hendarman. and Cantner, 2018). This two way communication down and up the hierarchical structure extends through top to bottom. On basis of digital technology, communication is spread as soon as possible and it leads to save time, money and resources. Organizational structures: Multiple organization had hierarchical structure with different layers of management and leadership defines organizations through top to bottom. P6 Discuss future managementand leadership skills required bythe service sector and how these can be achieved In the reference of Havez, Haz and Tas, there are some leadership and management skills which will help in the success of a business some of them are as mention below: Critical thinking: In future, the quoted firm's leaders should posses the ability of critical thinking so that they can easily find new solution which also leads to increase the efficiency and also improve the preexisting process (Moldoveanu and Narayandas, 2019). It can be easily achieve by hiring new employees who have the ability or skills of critical thinking. The ability of solving difficult problem also help a business to lead at further level of success. Understanding of new technology in future, it is quite necessary fro the managers and leaders to understand all new technologies and also opt new techniques into the working area. Moreover, using artificial intelligence into the working area will also help a business to increases the production level and reduce the level of using human resources into business (Schad and Smith, 2019). This can be attain through campus placement, and provide training session to their employees so that they can easily increases the knowledge of information technology an it creates direct and positive impact upon business as well. 5
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Management skills: An excellent management skills also help a business for its success. By keep changing in the management of the business will help to move the entire team in positive direction. To attain the defined goal as well. Such that the leaders of Havez, Haz and Tas are able to delegate the responsibilities then they will easily motivate the employees. Moreover, the management skills are also achieve through proper training and using new and advance techniques into the working area (Clapp-Smith and et.al., 2019). P7 Comparing and contrasting different service industry organization change management systems and leadership in implementing change For Havez, the organization change management system can be be implemented by using Kurt Lewin model which is mostly used by dynamic organization. There are four stages of the model such as: Unfreeze: It is the first stage of Kurt Lewin which realize that something is going to be change and as per the case study, the company is adopting new management system that helps to creates the positive impact upon the managementand leaders have to deal with strong emotions. There is a needs to explain that why the change is adopted and by involving the employees help to take a constructive approach to the change process (Kihlstrom, 2019). Change: In this stage, Havez has to implement the process in shorter time and the leaders and managers has to make aware the employees about new change and become familiar with a change. It is also realized that employees are suffering from changes and that is why leaders should remind the reason for a change and its benefits as well. Refreeze: It is the last stage in which the employees are inclined to revert to their old habits and thus, managers should make necessary arrangements with proper monitoring. They should also make positive environment so that employees are comfortable with this new change (Akingbola, Rogers and Baluch, 2019). 6
On contrary, For Haz, the change system can be implement by using Kottler 8stages process which is as mention below: Create a sense of urgency:By making aware of need and urgency of change to employees, help to adjust in the changing environment and this can be supported by the leaders of Haz's open and honest dialogue. Create a guiding alliance:The managers should take a constructive approach to encourage the employees and through coalition, all the employees come together in order to rely on a group and identify themselves as a team members (Pollack and Pollack, 2015). Create a vision for a change:Forming a clear vision also help to understand employees why the change is occur in Haz. Such that the ideas of employees should be incorporates in the vision as well. Communicate a vision:Most important step and can be achieved by continuous talking about the vision with an employees. Proper communication and new vision must be fully adopted across the entire organization (Wentworth, Behson and Kelley, 2018). Remove obstacles:Before changing the changes at all level, it is quite necessary for the firm to remove the obstacles and even to encourage the acceptance of a vision by the employees, which further assist when the ideas are incorporated and implemented. Create short term wins:By creating short term goals will help to motivate the employees and also involve the employees to take participate in the changing process. Improvements:To achieve the long term goals, the organization should also needs to keep looking for the improvements, then only success can be achieved and also establish the change as well into the company (Salman and Broten, 2017). Anchor changes:it is the last stage in which a change become only a part of corporate culture. Such that the company's values and standards should be align with the new vision. This will be done through regular evaluation and discussion about the progress of a change. CONCLUSION From the above report, it could be concluded that leadership plays very important role to attain success. It is very effective, there has not been with consensus on mutual set of attributes ofdifferenteffectiveleadership.Itcouldbelearnedandexecutiveshavepotentialfor 7
undertaking better decision makers. It has shown about different classical management theories suchasadministrative,hierarchyandscientificmanagementwithsignificanceinservice industry. Moreover, it has articulated about different factors which impact management style and structure like leadership, organizational structure and hierarchy. Thus, it has concluded by demonstrating management and leadership skills for the particular restaurant chains. 8
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