Economic Evaluations & Integrated Care for Older Adults

This assignment involves a systematic review of instruments used for economic evaluations in health and social care for older people. It also covers key aspects such as partnership working in integrated care, interpersonal relationships in nursing, dissemination and implementation research in health, evaluating outcomes in health and social care, factors promoting joint working between services, future of mental health care, race and trust in healthcare, benefits and risks of social media use by professionals, customized care interventions for multimorbidity, collecting data on patient experience, qualitative inquiry methods, and applications of social media in medicine. The assignment aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of various aspects related to health and social care services for older adults.

Communicating in Health &
Social Care Organisations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Main Body...................................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
Q.1 Use communication skills in a health and social care context.(P1.2)..................................1
Q. 2 Review methods of dealing with inappropriate interpersonal communication between
individuals in health and social care setting (P1.3).....................................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
Q. 3 Standard ICT package document for a new staff member joining the clinic......................3
Analyse the use of strategies to support service users with specific communication needs in
health and social care (P1.4).......................................................................................................4
Q. 4 Suggest ways of improving the communication process in a health and social care
setting..........................................................................................................................................5
TASK 3 ...........................................................................................................................................6
Q. 5 In health and social context apply a range of relevant communication theories to
communication in health and social care contexts (P1.1)...........................................................6
Q. 6 Explain how the communication processes are influenced by individual values and
cultural factors.............................................................................................................................6
Q. 7 Explain how legislations, charters and code of practice impact on communication
processes in health and social care (P2.2)...................................................................................7
Q. 8 Analyse the effectiveness of organisational systems and policies in promoting good
practice in communication. (P2.3)..............................................................................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
Q. 9 Analyse how legal considerations in the use of ICT can impact on health and social care.
.....................................................................................................................................................8
Q10 Analyse the benefit of using ICT in health and social care for users of services, care
worker and organisation.(P 3.2)..................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Communication plays a vital and crucial role in handling health and social care
operations that will help in better management of wide range of operations that supports the
individuals to gain a good control over the functions that are operated in an organisation to
operate effectively (Betancourt, Green and Owusu Ananeh-Firempong, 2016). For the report,
NHS is taken as the organisation of context. It is a UK based health and social care firm. Report
will lay emphasis on the use of communication skills in health and social care with dealing
measures of inappropriate interpersonal interaction among individuals. Also, the use and effect
of various communication strategies is analysed. Besides this, relevant communication theories
and process influencing individuals and different legal measures with their effectiveness are
assessed. Also, the impact of ICT on the user and provider of health and social care is analysed
(Yonker, Zan and Kinane, 2015.).
TASK 1
Q1. Using communication skills in a health and social care context (P1.2)
The communication skills play a crucial role in the handling of health and social care that is
been provided to the individual. A good and effective communication skills that are been
adopted and practised by an individual will help the social care organisation to provide a better
service to its customers and clients in a setting. The implementation and practising of good
communication skills will help employees at NHS to get effective knowledge of the problems
or issues faced by an individual in a health and social care setting (Makai, Brouwer, and
Nieboer, 2014). The poor and inexpressive communication will create a state of confusion and
dilemma that will lead to a gap in between a patient and health care service provider. Besides
this, the health care firm has to look after the better handling of different operations and
measures that will help in better management of wide range of operations that will help in
efficient delivery of health care measures.
Other than this, the workers of NHS or other
nursing care entity must look after the usage of
good verbal communication skills that will
impact the growth and development of wide
range of operations that will help in good
This will reduce the awkward situation
and will help in better management of wide
range of operations that will help in suitable
rise in various business entities that will lead to
growth and development of a health and social
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management of different functions that will
help in suitable handling of delivering a good
treatment and other medical help to its clients
and patients. But, this will only be possible if
people in organisation practise an effective
communication process that will support
eradication of interaction gap and help in
developing good communication skills (Glasby
and Dickinson, 2014). The usage of
interpersonal statement that are inappropriate
must be deemed from usage at NHS.
care organisation. Apart from this,
management of NHS must look after the better
management of certain operations that will
cause organisation to carry operations of
company in a much effective and better way.
Some practices like avoiding words
showcasing endearment, inappropriate
touching, using first name without permission
and giving bad verbal cues will cause conflict
in between a patient and a health and social
care worker. Thus, efficient steps must be
taken to avoid such conditions (Arnold and
Boggs, 2015).
Q2. Reviewing methods of dealing with inappropriate interpersonal communication between
individuals in health and social care setting (P1.3)
Various measures and preventive methods will be taken in consideration by health and social
care settings like NHS to avoid inappropriate interpersonal communication. Such conditions
will be taken in consideration to develop a good relationship in between a patient and health and
social care worker (Brownson, Colditz and Proctor, 2017). This will not only fulfil the
communication gap but will also help in developing a good understanding that will help the
organisation to keep a check on behaviour of their employees. Some effective measures that are
been taken in efficient thought process are as follows:
Provide introduction
loop: This approach
will involve usage of
various screening
techniques that will
help NHS to have a
better control over
Listening carefully
and using
interpreter: Effective
listening of problems
faced by individuals
will help organisation
to have better
Speaking clearly: A
clear speech will
support in better
understanding and
grasping of
information that helps
a worker in social care
Adapting the need:
Requirements of
patients might be
changing constantly
and thus, in this case, a
firm like NHS has to
develop a strategic
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inappropriate
behaviour of its
employees. Keeping
check on the
behaviour of
workforce will help
the organisation that
will lead to build a
trust level in between
workers and clients.
understanding of
problems that are
being faced by
individual patients in a
nursing care home.
Apart from this, to
reduce language
barrier, work force can
use an interpreter or
translator to act as a
bridge in between
employees and
patients.
setting to provide its
clients with better
services and medical
support (Dickinson
and O'Flynn, 2016).
plan to adopt the needs
of its patients and
come up with better
health and social care
services (Cameron,
Lart and Coomber,
2014).
TASK 2
Q3. Standard ICT package document for a new staff member joining the clinic (P1.3)
Covered in PPT
Analyse the use of strategies to support service users with specific communication needs in
health and social care (P1.4)
Covered in PPT
Q. 4 Suggest ways of improving the communication process in a health and social care setting.
Covered in PPT
TASK 3
Q. 5 In health and social context apply a range of relevant communication theories to
communication in health and social care contexts (P1.1)
A wide range of theories will be taken in consideration by a health and social care firm
like NHS to facilitate the good communication process. The implementation of these theories
will help in facilitating a good communication in health and social care firms and help it to meet
the requirements of their clients and patients of nursing care home in a better way. Some theories
that are been taken in consideration are as follows:
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 Adaptive structure theory (AST) : the organisation will look after the better following
of different operations that will help in better management of business operations which
will help in suitable handling the requirements of health and social care firm. This will
support the firm to take effective decision based on the adaption of different measures
that will helps in effective fulfilment of requirements of clients in a better way.
 Agenda setting theory: This approach will lead to the setting of a plan or agenda and all
the reforms and other measures are been taken in consideration as per the decision. It will
help work force to identify the requirements of respective clients in a much effective and
better way. Also, it supports the better transfer of various services at nursing firm
(Grajales III, Sheps and Eysenbach, 2014).
 Communication accommodation theory: this involves the adjustment of the
communication style in an organisation. The communication process is adjusted as per
the requirements and the changes are been made in verbal and non verbal communication
process. It involves the approaches like convergence and divergence. The convergence is
used to get the approval in the implementation of an approach in company while the
divergence approach will help in getting an interpersonal communication process.
 Cognitive Dissonance theory: it helps in rectification of the different conflicts that are
been taken in effective consideration by the organisation. This will help in removing the
differences between the work force and clients or patients of a hlath and social care
setting in a better way (Lewis, 2015).
Q. 6 Explain how the communication processes are influenced by individual values and cultural
factors.
The cultural beliefs and the individual values lay a very deep and significant impact on
the health and social care firm. Many times, the personal practices and cultural methods act as
the barrier in providing of proper health and social care to an individual client or an employee.
Even the organisational culture lay a very deep and significant impact on the overall growth and
development of the innovative and better services that will lay an impact on the functionality of a
firm like NHS. The health care entity has to look after that no employee or individual client is
been discriminated on the basis of his/her cultural and personal ideology and beliefs. The
organisation has to avoid the situations which can lead to the rise in conflict between the
individuals and helps them to meet the operational requirements of the organisation in a better
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way. Other than this, it will help in effective controlling of sense of hatred, disrespect, and
hesitation to treat and communicate with clients and individual employee's. This help in better
facilitation of the communication process in a health and social care setting.
Q. 7 Explain how legislations, charters and code of practice impact on communication processes
in health and social care (P2.2)
The legal measures that are been taken in the consideration are been play a very deep role
in the handling of the wide range of operations in a health and social care setting. The adoption
of better measure lay a very deep impact on the operation that are been followed in an
organisation (Grajales III, Sheps and Eysenbach, 2014). There are various legal tools and act that
are been taken in consideration by the organisation for the effective management of wide range
of operation which help in suitable rise in the operation of a health care firm. Some legal
measure that are been taken in consideration for effective handling of health and social care
measure is a follows:
 Right to health and social care: This will help the firm to ensure the better rights sand
providing of effective health carte measure in an individual that will help in better
management of operation and meeting of their requirements in a better way. This will
look after that every individual, requiring proper health and social care services should be
provided with it, without any discrimination (Coulter, Locock and Calabrese, 2014).
 Equal opportunity Act 1995: this will help in better handling of operations in a better
way that will help in meeting their requirements. This approach will help in better
handling of operations in a better way. This ensures that every one gets the equal
opportunity to communicate and express his/ her views.
 Human Right Act 1998: This will help to prevent the discrimination at the work place
and will help the firm to avoid any sort of conflict. This will help every individual in the
health and social care setting to get access to the service in vicinity.
Beside this, the charters and code of practices that are been set in a health care firm help
in improving the functional condition and will look after the better management of business
operations in a better way, by diminishing the differences and conflicts.
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Q. 8 Analyse the effectiveness of organisational systems and policies in promoting good practice
in communication. (P2.3)
The organisational structure of a health and social care firm like NHS will see through
the effective handling of different functions that will help in better rise in operational capacity of
organisation in a better way. The organisational system and structure and the policies that are
been set in an organisation like NHS will help it to gain a better scope of communication process
that will help in better rise in it efficiency and effectiveness. Other than this, a good
organisational structure will help the firm to meet its operational requirement in a better way.
This will support better transferring of messages, develop a good understanding and help in
meeting the needs and demands of the users in a very effective way.
The following of policies will help in meeting the organisational requirements of the
organisation and help it in meeting the requirement of organisation in a better way. This will also
help in maintaining the ethicalness in the firm (Lewis, 2015).
TASK 4
Fact sheet
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Analyse how legal considerations in the use of
ICT can impact on health and social care.
The legal measures that are been taken
in the consideration in a health and social care
firm as it helps in better growth and
development of the operation. With the
advancement in technology, firms like NHS
are using the ICT to effectively carry out their
operations in a better way. Thus, these
approach helps in better handling of various
health care that will help in suitable rise in
effectiveness of a health and social care
setting. Although, the rise in cyber threats and
misuse of ICT tools have been emerged as the
major issue for an organisation (Arnold and
Boggs, 2015.). Thus, a firm has to see through
the better management of different measures
that will impact its growth and development in
a better way. Beside this, it is required to adopt
effective cyber security measures that impact
the growth and development of a health and
social care organisation.
Analyse the benefit of using ICT in health and
social care for users of services, care
worker and organisation.(P 3.2)
The effective usage of ICT will help in
suitable rise in the effectiveness in the
providing of good service to an organisation in
a better way. It will help in increasing the
effectiveness of the organisation. And it
workers. The proper utilization of technical
tools and measures will help in better
management of medical and health care
measures that are been taken in consideration
by a firm. It improves work efficiency and
client satisfaction level (Glasby and Dickinson,
2014).
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Analyse how legal considerations in the use of ICT can impact on health and social care.
The legal measures that are been taken in the consideration in a health and social care
firm as it helps in better growth and development of the operation. With the advancement in
technology, firms like NHS are using the ICT to effectively carry out their operations in a better
way. Thus, these approach helps in better handling of various health care that will help in
suitable rise in effectiveness of a health and social care setting. Although, the rise in cyber threats
and misuse of ICT tools have been emerged as the major issue for an organisation ( Arnold and
Boggs, 2015.). Thus, a firm has to see through the better management of different measures that
will impact its growth and development in a better way. Beside this, it is required to adopt
effective cyber security measures that impact the growth and development of a health and social
care organisation.
Analyse the benefit of using ICT in health and social care for users of services, care worker and
organisation.(P 3.2)
The effective usage of ICT will help in suitable rise in the effectiveness in the providing
of good service to an organisation in a better way. It will help in increasing the effectiveness of
the organisation. And it workers. The proper utilization of technical tools and measures will help
in better management of medical and health care measures that are been taken in consideration
by a firm. It improves work efficiency and client satisfaction level (Glasby and Dickinson,
2014).
CONCLUSION
Thus, it can be said that Communication plays a very deep role in handling of clients in a
health and social care setting liker NHS. The report laid an emphasis on use of communication
skills in health and social care with dealing measures of inappropriate interpersonal interaction
among individuals. Also, the use and effect of various communication strategies and relevant
communication theories and process influencing individuals and different legal measures with
their effectiveness is been assessed. Also, the impact of ICT on user and provider of health and
social care is been analysed.
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REFERENCES
Books and journals
Betancourt, J.R., Green, A.R. and Owusu Ananeh-Firempong, I.I., 2016. Defining cultural
competence: a practical framework for addressing racial/ethnic disparities in health and
health care. Public health reports.
Yonker, L.M., Zan, and Kinane, T.B., 2015. “Friending” teens: systematic review of social
media in adolescent and young adult health care. Journal of medical Internet
research, 17(1).
Makai, P., Brouwer, W.B., and Nieboer, A.P., 2014. Quality of life instruments for economic
evaluations in health and social care for older people: a systematic review. Social science
& medicine, 102, pp.83-93.
Glasby, J. and Dickinson, H., 2014. Partnership working in health and social care: what is
integrated care and how can we deliver it?. Policy Press.
Arnold, E.C. and Boggs, K.U., 2015. Interpersonal Relationships-E-Book: Professional
Communication Skills for Nurses. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Brownson, R.C., Colditz, G.A. and Proctor, E.K. eds., 2017. Dissemination and implementation
research in health: translating science to practice. Oxford University Press.
Dickinson, H. and O'Flynn, J., 2016. Evaluating Outcomes in Health and Social Care 2e. Policy
Press.
Cameron, A., Lart, R. and Coomber, C., 2014. Factors that promote and hinder joint and
integrated working between health and social care services: a review of research
literature. Health & social care in the community, 22(3), pp.225-233
Naslund, J.A., Aschbrenner, K.A. and Bartels, S.J., 2016. The future of mental health care: peer-
to-peer support and social media. Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 25(2), pp.113-
122.
Boulware, L.E., Cooper, L.A. and Powe, N.R., 2016. Race and trust in the health care
system. Public health reports.
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Ventola, C.L., 2014. Social media and health care professionals: benefits, risks, and best
practices. Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 39(7), p.491.
Wittink, M.N., Yilmaz, S. and Duberstein, P., 2016. Customized Care: An intervention to
Improve Communication and health outcomes in multimorbidity. Contemporary clinical
trials communications, 4, pp.214-221.
Coulter, A., Locock, L.. and Calabrese, J., 2014. Collecting data on patient experience is not
enough: they must be used to improve care. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 348.
Lewis, S., 2015. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five
approaches. Health promotion practice, 16(4), pp.473-475.
Grajales III, F.J., Sheps, S., and Eysenbach, G., 2014. Social media: a review and tutorial of
applications in medicine and health care. Journal of medical Internet research, 16(2).
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