Roles and Characteristics of Leader and Manager in Operations Management

This document discusses the roles and characteristics of leaders and managers in operations management. It explores the importance and value of operations management in achieving organizational goals. The document also covers different approaches and theories in operations management.

MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATIONS

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO 1.................................................................................................................................................3
P1. Roles and characteristics of leader and manager...................................................................3
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................5
P2. Role and function of leader and manager in different situations...........................................5
P3. Theories and model of approach...........................................................................................6
LO 3.................................................................................................................................................7
P 4 Key approaches to operations management..........................................................................7
P 5 Importance and value of operations management.................................................................9
LO 4...............................................................................................................................................10
P 6 Key factors influencing the business...................................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
The control and monitoring on the functioning of an organization must be efficient in the
market so that the achievement in the market can be higher which is known as operation
management. There has to be good planning and decision making which is required to convert
the input into output so that there is going to be higher success which is going to be present. Uber
technologies, Inc. which was founded in 2009 and is having its headquarters in California,
United States. The company is serving in 69 countries and the net income of the organization is
$8.506 billion as of 2019 with more than 26,900 employees working in the company. The report
is going to consist of roles, characteristics and responsibilities of leaders and managers in the
company, theories and approaches which they must use so that there is going to be higher
functioning which would be present. Operation management and their value in the company for
making the company operate effectively and efficiently is also going to be discussed in the
further report.
LO 1
P1. Roles and characteristics of leader and manager
Basically, the roles of managers and leaders are inter-related but still there is a slight
difference in their functions which was carried out by both in order to guide and assist their
workforce to work for the betterment of the establishment. In the organisation managers are the
one who carried out tasks of determining objectives in accordance with the vision and mission of
the establishment and further it is the role of the leader to transmit the visualisation to workers
and motivate them to work with full efficiency and follow the path which leads them to
individual as well as organisational growth. The differentiation on the basis of characteristics is
discussed below:
Managers Leaders
Managers are the one who set the companies
objectives
Leaders tend to induce the purpose introduced
by the managers.

They effectively communicate all the rules,
guidelines and policies to the leaders
They motivate the workers to work in
accordance with the policies.
They provide direction to the teams or groups They work along with the teams by becoming
one of them and provide all the necessary
directions.
They create new strategies and ideas for the
effective functioning of the organisation
Their role is to efficiently implement all these
concepts and plans in such a way to turn these
dreams and ideas into reality.
Their main focus is on the actions and
activities.
They are people centric their main objective is
to manage their team and people.
The major and foremost role of the manger is
to do planning function in the enterprise.
While on the other hand their responsibility is
to motivate and encourage their people to work
with full contribution
They tend to avoid taking risk and follow
measures through which risk situations can be
ducked.
Leaders like to take risks
Their work is to give direction to the
employees
Their motive is to lead and guide their
followers to the targeted destination.
The role of managers is differentiated in a productive manner with the roles of a leader in the
organisation. The management of the UBER company determined the performance standards of
the actions of the workers and the leaders in the establishment with the help of their interpersonal
skills they get workers to complete their task in no time and without much supervision bearing in
mind the values set by the administrators (Cote, 2017). The functions of managers and the role of
leaders in the organisation are as follows:
Planning: The one of the important function of managers of Uber is to plan and determine the
goals and targets of their company in such a way that help in increase the profit and sales. The

strategies developed by the establishment in regards with the objective which pays in the nonstop
enhancement in the efficiency of their services. The role of a leader in Uber is to communicate
all of these tactics and responsibilities established by the administrators to their workforce in
such an effective manner that they will get determined and encourages towards the
accomplishment and attainment of these determined goals.
Organising: The superiors of the company organise the resources for the proper utilisation in an
effectual manner which results in the achievement of organisational target. While the influential
professional works towards allocating these possessions that these can be used for the best
results.
Directing: The task is being directed by the superiors of the Uber but the captain plays an
important role in formation of a team and guide them the way to fulfil the assign task.
Staffing: Hiring and recruiting of employees is a managerial function in the company and the
heads are required to train and bring out the best in them. In Uber the tasks and duties allotted to
the people in accordance with the skills and expertise possessed by them and on the other side
the captain or the team head continuously encouraging the workforce and maintain a effective
communication with them if they are facing and issues and having some queries regarding the
work (Khoshhal and Guraya, 2016).
Controlling: The tactics formulated by the supervisors and the application of these plans in the
company is manged by the and controlled by the management of the Uber and the team leaders
verify the conclusions of the presentation of their employees according to the performance
standard set by the administration.
LO 2
P2. Role and function of leader and manager in different situations
As it is identified that there is difference in the roles and characteristics, an don the basis of that
it is discussed that how they react or manage occurrence of different situations within the
organisational setting.

Conflict resolution: In the case of any conflict or issue arises among the co-workers or between
top level management and the employees. In this kind of situation both the leader and the
manager have to deal it with ease because prevention of conflict is not possible but to handle it is
a big and important task to do (Valiga, 2019). Both of them should listen to each side of the story
they make sure to not take anyone’s side, instead try to evaluate the issue with their point of
view. Identify the reason of the problem. The main difference between them is manager handle
the situation based on the facts, which action is correct according to the policy and on the other
hand leader look into things with more personalised point of view.
Employee engagement: Maintaining healthy and harmonious relationship with the employees is
the duty of both. But the managers maintain a professional relationship with their workers they
look after their essential benefits, rights, duties, appraisal and reward recognition and provide
them all the essential requirements which are required to perform their duties. They facilitate the
people with all the necessities which are in their right being a part of the institution (Joseph and
et. al., 2019). But leaders develop a personal level of relationship and engagement with their
members, they look after their emotional needs and help them develop and grow from within and
fight for the rights of the workers, and educate and guide them to be a better person
professionally and personally.
Performance management: Managing performance is an integral part of Uber establishment,
measuring, calculating and rewarding employee efforts is efficiently handled by managers and
group or team leaders. There are standards pr-determined in organisation for measuring the
performance, Employees contribution will be calculated by the superior’s ion the basis of that
standard and to what extend they fulfil the criteria of that standardised measurement. They are
rewarded on the base of fulfilment of task allotted to them on the contrary head of the groups
tend to encourage and appraise every single member of the group they recognise their
contribution of both who done exceptionally well and also of those who are slow performers but
dedicatedly moving towards perfection.
P3. Theories and model of approach
Situational leadership: It basically refers to the technique of leading on the basis of abilities and
capabilities of the workers which are required to be guided and motivated for the fulfilment of

allotted work. The operational management of the Uber can be highly influenced with this
particular type of technique as the leaders adapt different styles in accordance with various
situations. The current situation of the organisation is they are facing issues related to increase in
costing, this specific style can play a vital role in managing this situation (Gray and Rhodes,
2018).
System leadership: This leading technique is applied in Uber as the head of the team manage and
monitor the actions and activities of the employees and communicate all the present condition
going on within the organisational environment, so that they should be aware that in which
direction they have to put their efforts in and what are the essential need of the establishment.
The company is required to make changes in the operational activities and functions and
implement the leadership related strategy for the accomplishment and improvement in the
functions of the establishment (Imron, Satria, and Puspitaningtyas, 2019).
Contingency theory: This theory explains that that there is no certain way or plan or to manage
or control the actions and workforce, make decisions and organise the functions of the enterprise.
Instead the actions are totally dependent on the external and internal components of the
environment all the political, technological, environmental, social, legal aspect will reflect their
influence and mould the functioning of the organisation of Uber. Such leaders are very efficient
and adaptable to situation that they identify the issue with the state of affairs and apply the best
suitable leading style at various conditions. They are flexible in nature as they can mould their
actions and have a wide viewpoint to analyse things with different perspectives and act according
and take corrective actions which is in the favour of the organisation.
LO 3
P 4 Key approaches to operations management
There are a lot of approaches which the leaders and managers can have in the market so
that the outcomes are going to be better and make the brand value increase in the market. The
following report is going to discuss the three approaches which are present in Uber to make sure

that the company is having a competitive advantage in the market which is going to be
profitable.
 Total quality management
Uber will have to use the right approaches in order to make sure that the quality of the
service in product is matching the satisfaction level of the customers and their standards which
are present in the market. The demand of the customers is increasing and it is very important for
the company to be able to maintain an increase their operational management techniques so that
there is going to be higher match of that demand (Bril and et.al., 2019). This approach is going to
help Uber gain loyalty of the customers and higher market share which is good for the reputation
and standards of the organisation in the market. matching the demands of the customers is going
to be very beneficial for the profitability and in order to make sure that this is happening the
employees have to be motivated from time to time so that there is going to be good management
which is present in the business.
 Just in time
That is a requirement of raw materials but the leaders must keep a track on the inventory
which is present in the organisation so that there is no wastage of these materials. The leaders
make a list of requirement which is going to be required for the operational factor and the
managers must ensure and recheck that list before making the placement for the order which is
going to make the company have better functioning (Plumanns and et.al., 2017). Go to the brand
image and reputation which Uber has developed for them in the market there is a trust of the
suppliers which is present in the company. This is a very effective approach which Uber can use
since it is going to be very cost friendly and the profit margins can be used for expansion and
getting in more products and services which are going to add unique feature to the company.
 Six sigma
Uber is having a very planned and a good method fun maintaining the disposal of waste
which is being generated in the organization making the company have a higher brand reputation
in the market. The company has taken zero carbon footprints measures by getting in electronic
cars to fulfil the demand of the customers with the maximum standard and lifestyle which is

going to be matched of the customers (Dawson, Ferguson and Vincent, 2020). The leaders have
to make sure that the employees are getting in the changes effectively therefore the leaders must
monitor them and make sure that they have a clear idea of the objectives and goals which are
present of the company in the market.
P 5 Importance and value of operations management
The brand image in the market and value of the business has to be present so that the
operations and effectiveness is going to be present for making sure that the needs and demands
of the customers is being fulfilled. The company has to gain competitive advantage in the market
so that the market share and customer base of the company is going to be strong in the market.
 Raising Employee Motivation
Employees are the most important element which is present in an organisation since they are
the backbones to be able to achieve the goals and targets of the organisation. The best of
environment is being provided to the employees of Uber so that that is going to be higher
achievement (Butola, Dahiya and Rao, 2020). The leaders make sure that there is proper training
and guiding which is being provided to the employee’s. Motivating the employees is going to
help Uber be able to achieve the targets and goals which they are having and net income is going
to increase.
 Reduce Wastage
It is very important for the operation management to find the best method to reduce the waste
which is being produced in the company and making the portfolio of the company even stronger.
The management of Uber has made sure that they’re taking the right decisions in order to make
the company have higher achievements and the leaders are taking but in these so that there is
going to be effective measures and monitoring (Jackson and et.al., 2019). Leaders are controlling
the employees and monitoring them from time to time so that the changes are coming in the
company effectively. The leaders also make sure that the demands of the employees is being

matched and there is cost friendly measures which Uber is taking will be able to find success in
this competitive market.
 Control and distribution systems
Uber is having an effective working in the market which is a very important factor for the
reputation and brand value. There is computerized control system which is present in the
organisation to make sure that there is good achievement which would be present in the company
and the distribution of the products and services is going to be higher matching the standards of
the customers (Okanazu, Madu and Igboke, 2019).
 Raise Sales
Uber is being able to maintain the standards in the market because of their quality of services
which is matching the lifestyle and standards of the customers and making them loyal to the
organisation. the demands of the customers is increasing and it is very important for the company
to match them which is made sure by the management and leaders of the company making the
organisation have higher achievements in the market.
 Logistics and inventory management
It is very important to manage the inventory and logistics which is present in Uber so that
there is going to be right productivity which is going to be present. That has to be right
investment which the company has to make for the inventory so that that is going to be lesser
waste which witch would be present and it is going to be cost friendly for the organisation
(Cherkashyna, 2019).
LO 4
P 6 Key factors influencing the business
It is very important for the company to understand both, external as well as internal
factors of the organization so that the working and productivity of the organization is going to be
higher. The internal stakeholders are CEO, President, employees, executive board, chief

customer officer, etc. The company has to make sure that they are making the decisions after
consulting all the internal factors so that there is going to be higher functioning and operations
which is going to be present in the company. The customers are going to have higher
expectations and stakeholders have to fulfil them on time so that the profit margins and sales are
going to remain the same (Andreeva and Sviridov, 2017). The company needs to have higher
competitive factor which is going to help the company be able to operate effectively in the
market so that there is going to be higher functioning and operations which would be present in
the company and that is good for the reputation of the company as well.
 Ethics
Ethics which are found in all the organisations and they must be followed to make the
company have a better discipline and improvement which is going to be visible. The leaders and
managers make sure that there is the right decision and planning which the company is having
which would make the standards and expectations of the customers be matched. The competition
in the market is also increasing like Ola which is a great competitive company. The leaders have
to make sure that the employees are giving in their personal best so that the customer satisfaction
is going to be present and the sales are going to remain the same.
 Culture
Other employees have different cultural backgrounds therefore it is very important for the
leaders to make sure that the management is respecting the culture and values which they have.
The customer’s culture is also going to be different and it is very important to make the
customers feel comfortable with the products and services. to make the customers be loyal to the
company it is very important that the leaders and managers are putting in their best and there are
going to be more ideas and investment which is being done in the company to make sure that this
is being improved upon (Brühl and Eigler, 2020). The objective of managers and leaders in Uber
is to make sure that the culture of the employees and customers are being followed making them
have a better experience.
 Corporate Social Responsibilities
The GDP an unemployment rate in United Kingdom is improving we just making the
lifestyle of the customers also improve which is a great advantage for the organisation overall.

The pricing of the product according to the class can be done and the company is targeting for all
kinds of classes for the products and services they have in the market. The quality is being
maintained and that is because of the decision-making of the leaders and managers which is
involved in the overall planning of the company (Kazemi, Hamidi and Hajikarimi, 2020). The
demands of the customers will have to be matched and so will the quality be improved from time
to time so that the loyalty of the customers is going to be present and that is going to impact the
profitability margin of the organisation making them be able to invest in other factors as well for
higher expansion which is going to be present in the organisation.
CONCLUSION
From the report it can be concluded that there is a need for the organization to analyse the
internal and external factors so that they can make the operation management higher in the
market which is going to make the company have higher functioning. There has to be a good
sense of direction which needs to be present in the company so that there is going to be higher
achievement which is going to be visible and that is going to be very good for the overall
development of the company. Managers and leaders have to make sure that they are getting in
the changes in the company effectively so that there is going to be higher functioning and
decisions making is going to be effective as well which a great factor for the company to have is.
There has to be good improvement in the company from time to time because the competition in
the market is also increasing therefore it is important for the company to be able to maintain this
factor so that there is going to be higher functioning which would be present.

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