Management and Operations Assignment : Marks and Spencer group plc

MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATIONS

Table of Content
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
P 1 Characteristics and roles of leader and manager..............................................................3
P 2 Roles of leader and manager in different situations.........................................................6
P 3 Application of different models and theories...................................................................8
P 4 Key approaches of operation management and role of leader and manager....................9
P 5 Importance of operation management in accomplishing objectives of company..........11
P 6 Factors of environment impacting operational management and decision-making.......12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................15
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................16

INTRODUCTION
Management and operations is a practise of business for creating the highest efficiency
level which is possible in an organization or business entity (Paras, Pal and Ekwall, 2018). Here
in this report, Marks and Spencer group plc will be taken to identify management and operations
of company. The company is a retail multinational company which is operating in Britain. The
company deals in selling of home products, clothing of high quality and food products. The
company was founded in 1884 in Westminster, London. Marks and Spencer group plc is
operating in many brands like Classic, Limited edition, M & S collection, Blue harbour, M & S
energy, Per Una, etc (About Marks and Spencer group plc, 2019).
This report will also focus on application of various situational context for examining the
role of leader as well as function of manager. Along with this, the different theories and models
such as situational leadership, contingency leadership and system leadership. The strength and
weaknesses of different approaches in situational context will also be determined in this report.
Key approaches for operation management and role of managers and leaders under this report
will also be emphasized. Also, the importance and value of operation management will be
determined in order to attain business objectives. This report will focus on certain factors within
business environment which impact on operation management and decision- making of different
leaders and managers working in the company.
P 1 Characteristics and roles of leader and manager
Leadership can be referred to as an activity or a process through which a person leads a
group of a person or an individual. A leader is a person who directs and leads the employees
within the company and outside as well (Akalin, Huang and Willems, 2016). The main aim of
leader is to influence and attract employees to follow and abide by their rules and regulations.
On the flip side a manager is an individual who is responsible for administering and
controlling the company and its working. A manger is responsible for planning and controlling
all the operations of the business (Hitt, Xu and Carnes, 2016).
The different characteristics of a good leader are as follows-

Honesty- A leader must be honest in its working with its peers and colleagues so that the
organizational goals and objectives are achieved. The relationship are based on reliability,
honesty and trust. The leader for an efficient working needs to be very honest in its approach of
working.
Confidence- A good and efficient leader needs to show and outline proper confidence
because of the reason that if the leader will not be enough confident in its approach then how it
will lead the group or individuals under him.
Optimistic- The leader needs to be very optimistic in its nature. This is because of the
reason that if the leader will be having negative thoughts in mind then it will create the same
environment for its followers and peers as well. So it is very necessary for the leader to be
optimistic in its thoughts and way of working.
Similarly there are many characteristics of the manager which are distinct and different
from that of the leader. Some characteristic of manager are discussed in the following points-
Knowledge- The manager is the one who manages each and every task within the
company. So it is of utmost importance that the manager must have complete knowledge relating
to the basic concepts with which it relates to. The manager must have basic knowledge of
managing and dealing with the employees and their coordination, must be efficient in team
managing and developing the employees.
Communication- The manager is the liaison authority between the company and outside
world and also within the company. So the manager must have the skill of effective and efficient
communication that is it must have ability to do clear, free and understandable communication
with one another.
Basis Leader Manager
Characteristics Honesty- A leader must be
honest in its working with its
peers and colleagues so that
the organizational goals and
objectives are achieved. The
relationship are based on
reliability, honesty and trust.
The leader for an efficient
Coordinator- this is the
essential characteristic of
manager. This is because of
the reason that the manager
has to maintain coordination
among all the business
activities. Also, it has to
coordinate the work that is