Management and Operations Report

This report analyzes the roles of leaders and managers in a business context, using Vodafone as a case study. It explores different leadership theories and models, key approaches to operations management, and the impact of external factors on decision-making. The report also highlights the importance of operational management in achieving business objectives and the role of corporate social responsibility.

MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATIONS

Contents
...................................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................4
TASK 1......................................................................................................................................4
P1 Comparison of different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager...................4
TASK 2......................................................................................................................................5
P2 The role of a leader and function of a manager apply on different situational context.....5
P3 Different leadership theories and models of approach .....................................................6
TASK 3......................................................................................................................................7
P4 Key approaches to operations management and the role that leaders and managers play
................................................................................................................................................7
P5 The importance and value of operation management in achieving business objectives...8
TASK 4......................................................................................................................................9
P6. The factors within the business environment that impact upon operational management
and decision-making by leaders and managers......................................................................9
CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Operation management is concerned with planning, supervising, organizing in the
process of production. It is the process of managining production system by converting inputs
(labour, raw materials) into ouputs (goods and services). This report is based on UK
Company Vodafone which is a British multinational telecommunications corporation. The
operation management of Vodafone helps contomers by listening their complaints.
Management of vodafone communicate with their consumers and get feedback directly by
them. In this, the managers and leaders of Vodafone also play a dominant role in
accomplishing company goals. Along with this, some leadership theories and models of
approaches which help company to reach its goals is also discussed in this project. In addition
to this, how value of operation management help company in achieving their objectives is
also evaluated.
TASK 1
P1 Comparison of different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager
Leader: Leaders are an individual who leads employees of organisation to complete their
given tasks. They set clear vision for company, give guidance to workers about the process of
their project (Nakayama and Bucks, 2012).
Manager: Managers are an individual who performs mainly five basic functions in
organisation such as, planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling. They manage
whole working of company and follow the instructions of leader.
Role of a leader
 Guiding employees: This is a first and important role of a leader of Vodafone to
guide employees of company for their work process. It is their role to provide them
with sufficient tools to perform their tasks easily.
 Building morale: It is the role of Vodafone leaders to build morale between
employees and motivates them to work together on a common objective.
 Setting goals: It is also an important role of a leader in managing the organisation and
achieving goals.
 Initiating actions: The leader of Vodafone has to take decision and actions for
specific tasks without depending on anyone (Hugos, 2018).

Role of a manager
 Informational roles: In this, manager of Vodafone collect information to develop
understanding of organisation and environment. It is important for them to gather
information from organisation and outside to achieve their goals.
 Decisional roles: In this, a manager of Vodafone oversees and focus on projects
and plans assigned by leader and take decisions in way of accomplishing goals of
company.
Comparison between role of leader and a manager
Leader Manager
 Leaders have manager and
employees under them who
follows instructions.
 Leaders create vision and
encourage employees to turning
that vision ino reality.
Managers are individuals who follows
instructions of leader and have
employees who works for them to
accomplish goals.
The maain focus of managers of
company is on setting and creating
goals. They control and resolve
situation which arise between their
objectives.
Characteristics of a leader
 Confidence: It is important for a leader of Vodafone to be confidant at all levels
while taking decisions or commanding manager and workers of company to
accomplish goals.
Characteristics of a manager
 Knowledge: It is important for a manager of Vodafone to have knowledge to carry
out tasks and can resolve issues of their employees.
Comparison between characteristics of a leader and manager in Vodafone
Leader Manager
The leader of Vodafone influences workers
to work and accomplish goals. They
concern which group goals and members
satisfaction (Wu and Chen, 2012).
 Leaders are innovative in nature and
helps in developing management
functions.
 The leader of Vodafone company
relies on trust and focus on people
working in company.
The manager of Vodafone performs functions
to reach goals. They are concern with
organisational goals.
The managers of Vodafone are administrative
in nature and helps in maintaining functions
and operations of company.
The role of managers is to focus on systems,
functions and structures of company. They
relies on control.

TASK 2
P2 The role of a leader and function of a manager apply on different situational context
It important for manager and leader of a company to perform their own role and
functions to deal with different situations which arise in organisation (Pinkerton, 2011). In
context of Vodafone, the manager and leader has ability to resolves issues which rise during
operations. In this regard, some situations which can arise in Vodafone are as follows:
Conflict between employees: This is the first and common situation which can arise
in Vodafone between the employees. To overcome with this situation it is important for a
leader and manager of a company to perform their roles and functions. In this, the role of a
leader is to manage and resolve those conflicts at right time. It is their role to wait for a right
time to resolve issue (Rushton, Croucher and Baker, 2014). On the other hand, the function of
manager is to discuss issues with leader and take actions quickly to resolve issues in a
minimum period of time. For example, conflicts can arise between professiobnal and semi-
skilled workers in Vodafone, but it the responsibilityn of both high authorities to solve it in a
systematice manner. They can provide organisational training to all workers of company
which help them to reduce conflicts and gaps between employees.
Inter-organisational conflicts: The managers and leaders of company should also
have ability to deal with inter-organisational conflicts. These conflicts increase the level of
competitions between two companies in market. In case of Vodafone, it is the role and
important function of mangers which they have to perform to go through with situations. In
order to overcome with these situations it is their duty to solve conflicts by discussion on the
matters or by taking positive decisions which help them to resolves issues quickly. For
example, inter-organisational conflicts between vodafone and airtel increase the competion
between both companies at market place. So, the managers and leaders of vodafone deal with
them to make vodafone stay at top in market place.
P3 Different leadership theories and models of approach
A leader of an organisation performs different theories and models which help them
to achieve their goals and maximizes profitability. In context of Vodafone, there are also
some leadership theories performed by leader of company to attain objectives. These theories
are discussed as under the following statement:
Situational leadership: This theory or model of approach is studied by Kenneth
Blanchard and Paul Hersey. This style explains that these depends upon the type of situations
to which strategy is best suited to tasks. According to this theory, the managers of Vodafone
will adopt those styles which suited to their situations and from which they can achieve their
goals. (Kumar and Chandrakar, 2012). They also looks and the ideas include the nature of
tasks, nature of group and others which are helpful in accomplishing their goals. This is based
upon four primary leadership styles as follows:
 Telling: In this, the leader tells employees what and how to do the task.

 Selling: This style in which leaders sell their ideas and communicate with staff
members to work for specific tasks.
 Participating: In this, a leader of Vodafone gives less direction and allows members
to participate in taking active role and decisions.
 Delegating: In this, the involvement is very less. The other members tend to make
decisions and responsibilities regarding tasks and specific projects. In this, the leaders
of vodafone delegate some tasks to employees who are working under them. This
helps employees to focus on different initiative. This helps leaders to ensure about
employees are ready for thier responsibility.
Systems leadership: In this system, the leaders of company creates some conditions
in organisation which workers to perform their tasks easily. This system help leader in
identifying the behaviour of employees by providing tools (Pavlineri, Skoulikidis and
Tsihrintzis, 2017). This system is also used by Vodafone which help leaders to build effective
systems to perform their tasks and achieve their goals in time frame.
Contingency leadership: This system defines that how leadership style matches to
the situation of leader. To use this theory it is important to identify the style which leaders
have. This approach is also considered by Vodafone so that leaders can adopt situation
according to their styles and achieve their goals in time.
Thus, the leadership styles dopted by vodafone is Contingency leadership. This is
most effectice and precise leadership style. This helps vodafone in developing close
relationship between leaders and workers. This also allows leaders to ensure about their tasks
they are responsible for without any confusion and can easily achieve their goals and
objectives in alloted time frame.
TASK 3
P4 Key approaches to operations management and the role that leaders and managers play
Operational management is a method of managing or operating a firm. It includes the
transformation of resources through a systematic manner so that company achieves its
objectives. In the same way, managers and leaders of Vodafone also perform its functions.
They ensures that organisational goal has been fulfilled with complete customer satisfaction.
In this context, Key Approaches to operational management are as follows :
 Lean production: This approach defines the production process in such a way that
there is minimal wastages. Thus, the Vodafone management also works on this
concept which helps the company to achieve is goals efficiently by providing
maximum output. By the help of this production technique, Vodafone can produce
goods with proper allocation of resources by reducing wastage. This is beneficail for

Vodafone, as it helps company in producing better quality products with aim of
increase profits and productivity.
 Six sigma: This approach is used to take decision in order to control risk
management. In this, sigma defines a sign of risk and six sigma helps company to take
decision efficiently (Singh, Padhy and Sharma, 2011). The company Vodafone also
uses this approach of management which help them to take reliable decisions and
reduce the risk of their failure.
 Queuing theory: This theory is a mathematical study of waiting lines and queuing
lengths. This concept helps company in solving problems which are scientific. The
leader of Vodafone adopted this theory to identify the causes of delay in queuing
lines. This process also helps the managers of company to supervise the entire process
of organisation. Along with this, it is also helpful and beneficial for employees to
reduce delays in queuing.
Role of leaders in organisation
 Representative of the organisation: It is an important role which leaders of
company play. In Vodafone, the leader has to represent seminars, conferences,
general meetings, etc. It is their role to communicate with workers to achieve goals of
company. Solicits support: The role of leader in Vodafone is to support the employees of
company in their issues. They has to give suggestions to workers to implements plans
and other activities in organisation.
Role of managers in organisation
 Role of planning: It is an important role of manager of company to achieve their
goals and objectives (Cloudt and Willems, 2011). The managers of Vodafone execute
plans and formulate their activities according to that plans. This helps them to perform
their role in a systematic manner.
 Role of directing: This is an another important role of manager in Vodafone in which
they have direct and guide employees about their tasks. This helps workers to resolve
their issues easily.
 Role of controlling and monitoring: The important role which a manager has to play
is to monitor and control the situation. It is their duty to look after the work of
employees and to monitor them. The manager of Vodafone also monitors the
activities and control if any situation rises in organisation which affects the objectives
of company.
 Role of organising: It is an important function of manager which they have to
perform in organising the overall structure of company. In this, the manager perform

its function in balancing and maintaining overall resources of the company to achive
its goals and objectives.
P5 The importance and value of operation management in achieving business objectives
Operation management is a function which improves the overall productivity of
company. This system also handles issues like designs and functions of organisation which
are used to maintain production of goods (Fayol, 2016). It also plays a crucial role in
management of Vodafone which helps manager to perform their tasks easily and in an
effective manner. It also assists manager in performing their daily activities such as, planning,
organising, controlling, staffing and directing. It also helps management in making products
according to customer’s satisfaction. In addition to this, with the help of this process it will be
useful for company for produce products with less wastage and will proper allocation of
resources. It is useful for all types of business and improves the level of performance of
employees of organisation. There are some processes of management operation in Vodafone
which helps in achieving business objectives which are as follows:
 Know the process: This helps the Vodafone managers in identifying process to
achieve their objectives easily in a allotted time frame.
 Train within the process: Operation management also helps the managers of company
to train employees within process. It is important for managers to provide training to
employees so that they can perform their tasks easily.
 Measure the process: This process also help managers of company to measure the
process. This is beneficial for company in attaining their business objectives.
 Control and distribution systems: In Vodafone, controlling and distribution is an
important factor in operation management. This process helps the mangers of
Vodafone in controlling the process of production. On the other hand, it also ensures
proper distribution of products with aim of fulfil the goals and objectives of
organisation.
 Raw materials into finished goods and services: It is also an important function of
operation management. It helps in analysing and determining the needs and demands
of consumer and fulfils their wants (Park and Jho, 2012). The company produce
finished goods by transforming raw materials into final product according to
consumer’s needs. In this way, it also helps the operation management of Vodafone in
meeting their objectives and goals.
 Capacity management: This function is also important in operation management og
Vodafone. It refers to the process of production of goods in such a way so that more
goods or exceed products are not produced.

TASK 4
P6. The factors within the business environment that impact upon operational management
and decision-making by leaders and managers.
The environment of business is affected by some external factors which affects the
functions and operations of company. It also affects the decision making process of company.
It is also important for Vodafone to understand the reasons behind the factors. This will help
company to reduce impacts of factors by adopting some strategies and policies to overcome.
Some external factors which affect the company environment and decision making process
are political, economic, social, technological and legal (Sedaghati and Kavousi-Fard, 2014).
In this regard, the environment of Vodafone is also affected by these external factors but to
overcome from these company uses CSR policy which proved to be beneficial for company.
Political: Impact of political factors on business envioronment and decision making incresse
the chances of risk and it aslo lead loss to company. So, to ocercome with this. It is
importamt to follow all rules and laws of government.
Economical: The enviornmrnt of business and decision making can aslo affected by some
ecoomic conditions such as, inflation, demand and supply, interest rates, etc. Thus, to
oevrcome with this it is important to have stable economic conditions and to maintain balance
between demand and supply.
Social: These involves, society, beleives, customs, lifestyle, etc. This can also affect business
environment and decision making of mangers and leaders in Vodafone. Company can satify
social needs of consumers to get over from this factor.
Tecnological: These factors includes new techniques and strategies used in production
process. This also affect business environment of company, but they can overcome by using
advanced techniques and strategies of production to stay in top at market place and
competitions.
CSR: The policy of CSR stands for cooperate social responsibility. It is a business
approach which defines as to deliver economic, social benefits to employees and consumers
of society. In this, the leadership and management of Vodafone play an important role in
CSR to achieve goals.
Short term goals: The Company should also adopt short term goals which also give
advantages to them in long run. In this, CSR plays an important role by doing minor
adjustments and compromises.
In this, company should ensure about the resources which are in use in while making any
product. They should allocate all resources properly by reducing wastage of resources. This
resource also helps company in their decision making process. The leaders and mangers of
company perform their activities in an systematic and effective manner. It is also important
for them to communicate effectively while making decisions in operational management.

CONCLUSION
From the above project it has been stated that managers and leaders plays and
important role and functions to achieve goals and targets of company. Along with this,
operational management also plays an important role in sustainable development of business
organisation. It is also crucial in daily activities of organisation from production process upto
the process of delivery to its consumers. In this report, it also discussed that every
organisation should undertake the policy of Cooperate social responsibility for the protection
of organisation culture. In addition to this, the managers and leaders of company also follows
some theories and approaches to accomplish organisational goals and objectives in allotted
time frame.

REFERENCES
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