Tourism Development in Hong Kong

This assignment examines the complex issue of tourism development in Hong Kong. It delves into various aspects of the industry, drawing upon academic literature and statistical data to analyze its impact on the city's economy, culture, and environment. The paper also explores the challenges and opportunities facing Hong Kong's tourism sector, highlighting key issues such as carrying capacity, sustainability, and the role of government policy.

RUNNING HEAD: Strategic Planning for Tourism and Leisure 0
Strategic Planning for Tourism and Leisure

Strategic Planning for Tourism and Leisure 1
Executive Summary
Hong Kong Tourism Commission is undertaken by government to enhance tourism facilities
in country. The commission supports the expansion of new attractions and events. In this
report the background of Tourism Commission is explained to support it’s role and functions.
The examples of Tourism Commission’s project are provided such as Aberdeen Tourism
Project, Hong Kong Wetland Park, Hong Kong Disneyland, Avenue of Stars and more. The
types of stakeholders and relationship have been defined. Further the impact of Tourism
Commission’s work has been described by social and cultural, economic and environmental
impacts. The benefits and challenges of using historic buildings have been detailed. A case
study in Hong Kong is also taken to describe history, functions, social impacts and economic
impacts. Finally the conclusion and recommendations are given to support the study of
Tourism Commission.

Strategic Planning for Tourism and Leisure 2
Contents
Executive Summary...............................................................................................................................1
Introduction...........................................................................................................................................3
Tourism Commission............................................................................................................................3
Background, structure, vision and missions.......................................................................................3
The role and function.........................................................................................................................4
Examples of Tourism Commission’s Project and their stakeholders.....................................................4
Types of stakeholders........................................................................................................................6
Example one......................................................................................................................................6
Example two......................................................................................................................................7
Relationship of stakeholders..............................................................................................................7
Impacts of Tourism Commission’s work...............................................................................................7
Social and Cultural impacts...............................................................................................................7
Economical impacts...........................................................................................................................8
Environmental impacts......................................................................................................................8
Benefits and challenges of using historic buildings for tourism, leisure, hospitality and event purposes
...............................................................................................................................................................9
Benefits.............................................................................................................................................9
Challenges.......................................................................................................................................10
A case study in Hong Kong.................................................................................................................11
History and current function............................................................................................................11
Social impacts..................................................................................................................................12
Economical impacts.........................................................................................................................12
Conclusion and recommendations.......................................................................................................13
References...........................................................................................................................................14
Appendix.............................................................................................................................................17

Strategic Planning for Tourism and Leisure 3
Introduction
The tourism commission enhances and develops tourism. It formulates policy and enhances
service quality. The government has identified four major economic pillars, fiscal services,
tourism, trading and logistics and professional and producer services. These pillars are
driving force for the economic growth in the country. It creates employment and provides
impulse to the growth of other sectors. The tourism commission focuses on tourism and
impact on cultural and natural heritage. The heritage conservation, historic buildings and
cultural activities need to be developed by commission to attract more visitors. The
government is focusing on tourism development by innovating heritage conservation. This
report aims to strategize planning for tourism and leisure. It evaluates the functioning of
Hong Kong Tourism Commission. The impact of tourism commission in the areas of
tourism, leisure and hospitality is defined by undertaking various factors.
Tourism Commission
The Tourism Commission was initiated by government of Hong Kong special administrative
region in 1999. It was established to maintain the position of Hong Kong as the top spot for
visitors. The aim of commission is to develop the tourism facilities and co-ordinate the
development of new destinations so that the country remains a leading tourist destination.
The country offers charm and natural beauty (Tolkach, 2018). The commission has
undertaken some important projects like Hong Kong Wetland Park, Ngong Ping 360 and Ma
Wan Park which will be streamed in recent years.
Background, structure, vision and missions
The tourism commission works diligently with Hong Kong Tourism Board (HKTB) and
some other organisations to enhance tourism in Hong Kong. The commission is liable for
framing and directing policies, schemes and plans for the tourism growth (Khavarian-
Garmsir, Stavros & Saraei, 2017). It also coordinates Government bureaux for the policies
which have impact on tourism development.
The Board comprises 20 members. The members of board are appointed by the country’s
SAR government. It terms up to three years. The head quarter of HKTB is in Hong Kong. It
has 15 offices and has agents in six different markets. Mr. Anthong lau is executive director

Strategic Planning for Tourism and Leisure 4
of HKTB. He took up the position in 2007 to manage the global operations and lead the
market as one of the best destinations.
The vision of tourism commission is to inaugurate and endorse country as Asia’s foremost
international city and global target for leisure and business visitors. The mission of
commission is to maximise social and economic contribution of tourism (Chandralal &
Valenzuela, 2015). It associates position of city as a desired destination. It is involved in
improving facilities for visitors.
The role and function
The commission is accountable for framing and application of policies and plans for the
tourism development. The role of tourism commission is to:
 To identify the trend for long term tourism development.
 To focus on the possible scope for long term tourism development.
 To plan a tourism planning framework for country.
The functions of tourism commission are:
 The commission functions to upturn the involvement of tourism to country.
 To stimulate commission as a world class destination for tourists (Akroush, et. al.
2016).
 To support government in promoting community for tourism.
 To support activities of persons who provide service for visitors.
 To advise chief executives for the measures taken for foregoing matters of tourism.
Examples of Tourism Commission’s Project and their stakeholders
The tourism industry is main stake of the economy in Hong Kong. It contributed 5% of GDP
in 2014. It accounted for the 7.2% of total employment in country (Tourism Commission
2018). The major projects completed by tourism commission includes Aberdeen Tourism
Project, Hong Kong Wetland Park, Hong Kong Disneyland, Ngong Ping 360, Golden
Bauhinia Square, Avenue of Stars, Ngong Ping Piazza, Master redevelopment plan for ocean
park, Kai tak cruise terminal and many more (McCarthy & Cheung, 2017).
Aberdeen Tourism Project

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Aberdeen is one of the renowned tourist attractions in Hong Kong. The tourism commission
was selected in 2006 to advance an intangible design for Aberdeen tourism project. It objects
to fetch out the scope of traditional fishing harbour and local culture of Aberdeen. It enhances
the Aberdeen attractiveness to international and local visitors by supporting the elements of
differentiated tourism (Richards, 2016). It contains a lot of commercial elements. The tourism
commission was appointed to consult financially and evaluate profitable and financial
sustainability for the conceptual design in 2008. The study was accomplished in 2009 and
revealed financial viability of design which was very marginal. The commission decided to
undertake improvement for the further implementation of project. It carried out improvement
work for the boardwalk on both sides. It used the subject of traditional fishermen’s village.
The modern development was done to develop the tourist attractions and facilities in
Aberdeen. The government is providing funds for the expansion works on both the sides of
promenade. The government is also funding for the Ap lei chau main street and nearby
streets. It is making use of traditional fishermen’s village as before. The funding for the
Aberdeen tourism project was approved in 2011 by the finance committee. The development
works were completed in 2015 (Lempert, 2016).
Hong Kong Wetland Park
The Hong Kong Wetland Park is first major green tourism facility. The park is at Tin Shui
Wai and opens to the public on 20 May, 2006. It provides opportunity to admire heritage of
Hong Kong to the nature lovers. The Agriculture, fisheries and conversation department has
undertaken management and operations of park (Lai, 2014).
The workshops are conducted at park such as Butterfly towel origami, ‘hide and seek in
nature’ photo collection activity. Public activity highlights, summer internship programme
and experience nature (Chandralal & Valenzuela, 2015).
Hong Kong Disneyland
The government and Walt Disney came into an agreement in 1999. The agreement was made
to build Disneyland at Penny’s bay, Lantau. For this purpose both the parties set up a joint
venture called Hong Kong international theme parks limited. The Disneyland was opened on
12 September 2005. It is the first Disney theme park of the country. It represents a new age of
tourism in country. It helps country to relocate itself as a primary destination for the families
(Higgins & Huque, 2015).

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The visitors should plan the trip in advance to and check traffic before setting journey to
Disneyland. It can be done by various channels such as website, telephone inquiry and media
broadcasts.
Avenue of stars
The Avenue of Stars was opened in 2004. It is located on prime stretch of Tsim Sha Tsui
waterfront. It was established in order to create interest in Hong Kong movies. It identifies
the role of film industry to tourists and economic growth of country (Gorfinkel & Su, 2016).
It has become the must see attraction for tourists. The Avenue of stars is closed from October
2015 for the major repair and development works. The exhibit part at Avenue of stars
includes the sculpture of Kung Fu film star Bruce Lee (Tourism Commission, 2017).
Types of stakeholders
Example one
The government is stakeholder of trade commission Hong Kong. The government has
provided major funds to enhance tourism industry. It includes total amount of HK$238
million on the areas to work (Tourism Commission, 2017). It includes area to support light up
shows, meetings, conventions and exhibitions tourism. It promotes the diversification of
tourism products. It appeals high spending visitors and enhances the country as tourist
destination. It also supports to the travel trade. The 238 million investments is divided into
the following segments:
 82 million HK$ is given to support light shows and promotion of events.
 17 million HK$ is provided to promote variation of tourism products. It also focuses
to promote green tourism.
 33 million HK$ is done to attract high spending visitors. The pilot scheme is used to
attract transit visitors.
 A hefty amount of 79 million HK$ used to enhance appeal as tourist destination. It is
going to step up the positive image of country. It will enhance promotions of mega
events.
 To strengthen the support to travel trade 27 million HK$ investment is done. It will
increase participation of trade development council in overseas promotional events
(Fagioli, Diotallevi & Ciani, 2014).

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Example two
Hong Kong Tourism Board (HKTB) promotes tourism in Hong Kong. It offers one stop
support. It promotes Hong Kong as MICE. It is an international trading hub. HKTB has
created employment opportunities for employees. It attracts the high spending investors for
tourism commission. It has established the tourism data base. The important activities
conducted by HKTA are:
 HKTA has upgraded and improved tourist facilities.
 It has implement visitor signage improvements.
 A green guide is prepared to cover all natural resources of country.
 A computer database is prepared to improve flow of market information.
Relationship of stakeholders
The government develops a wide choice of tourism attractions in Hong Kong. The
government has completed redevelopment plan. As a result of this plan, Ocean park has
become world class marine theme park. The tourist commission work closely with HKTB to
promote tourist development in Hong Kong. The accountability of HKTB is to endorse Hong
Kong as a destination. It takes initiative to enhance experience of visitors (Samimi, Sadeghi
& Sadeghi, 2017). It regularly makes recommendations on the range and quality of facilities
provided.
Impacts of Tourism Commission’s work
Social and Cultural impacts
The tourism focuses on the developing and upgrading infrastructure facilities. The impact on
society varies on the basis of region, social relationships, education and the level of
communication between local residents and tourists and reputation of international visitors.
The tourism contributes to the social problems such as gambling, drugs, crimes, mobbing,
prostitution and crowding (Wang & Xu, 2014).
The interchanges between hosts and guests create better understanding of culture. It also
helps in raising awareness of the preservation of traditional culture and occasions. It can also
lead to the destruction of traditional cultures. The tourism also affects the host’s spoken

Strategic Planning for Tourism and Leisure 8
language. The social and cultural impact has affected residents of country regarding the
overall sense of wellbeing (Coccossis, 2016).
Economical impacts
The tourism industry is one of the fast growing industries. The tourism produces economic
growth, improves standard of living and develops infrastructure. The price of land, goods and
services are also raised by tourism. The economic impacts can be divided into two types,
direct impacts and indirect impacts. The direct impacts are dignified by the tourism
expenditure of country. It takes place within the main tourism sector of Hong Kong such as
transportation, accommodation and amusement parks (Joppe & Li, 2016). The indirect
impacts are caused from the economic activity of consequent expenditure. The economic
impact provides importance of tourism in an economy. It is an significant factor in marketing
and management decisions (Adeyinka-Ojo, Khoo-Lattimore & Nair, 2014). The tourism is a
main stake in the economy of Hong kong. It contributed 3.4% of GDP in 2009. The
government makes efforts to develop various tourist attractions to develop country as tourist
destination. The tourist attractions of country help to develop economy of country (Sharpley
& Ussi, 2014).
Environmental impacts
The factor analysis is used to discover the impact of dimensions of tourism influences. The
tourism helps to create awareness to preserve environment. It increases investment in the
environmental infrastructure of tourist destinations. The growth of tourism also affects the
environmental quality. It creates disturbance in the air and water pollution and waste
problems. The abandoned conservative tourism attitudes potential threats to the natural areas.
It puts pressure on the area such as soil erosion, natural environment loss and increased
population. The environment is impacted by the exhaustion of natural resources, pollution
and physical impacts.
The depletion of natural resources
The tourism development puts pressure the natural resources which can increase the
consumption where resources are already scarce.
Water resources: It is one of the acute natural resource. The tourism industry overuses the
water for the purposes like water resources for hotels, swimming pools and personal use by

Strategic Planning for Tourism and Leisure 9
tourists. It can lead to water shortage and deprivation of water supplies. It can also result in
great volume of water waste.
Local resources: The tourism can create stress on home-grown resources like food, energy
and other raw materials which can be already short in supply. Greater withdrawal and
transportation of resources intensifies the physical impacts connected with manipulation
(Zhang, Decosta & McKercher, 2015).
Land deprivation: The important land resources are minerals, fuel, forests, wetland and
wildlife. The increased creation of tourism has increased burden on the resources. The direct
impact on natural resources can be caused by the use of land for space and infrastructure. The
forests usually suffer from the adverse impact of tourism, as the deforestation caused by land
clearing.
Pollution
The tourism can cause pollutions like air, noise, release of sewage, visual pollution and solid
waste.
Air and noise pollution: The transportation of air and road is growing in respond to the
increasing number of international air passengers. The share of air emission of tourists can be
judged by their 60% of air travel. The transport emissions are connected to the acid rain and
global warming. The noise releases from airplanes, car and buses is mounting problem of
modern life. In result it causes stress and hearing loss.
Waste: The high concentration of tourism activities and naturally attraction areas is a serious
problem. The disposal is despoiler of rivers, scenic areas and roadsides. The tourists generate
great wastage in the mountain areas. It degrades the environment.
Sewage: The creation of accommodations, hotels and other facilities cause to sewage
pollution. It has contaminated tourist attractions. The sewage can cause serious damage and
stimulate the growth. The sewage pollution can threat not only persons but animals also.
Benefits and challenges of using historic buildings for tourism, leisure, hospitality and
event purposes
Benefits
Historical and cultural value:

Strategic Planning for Tourism and Leisure
10
The historical buildings are an evidence of displaying history and reflects behaviour of
people and culture in past. It educates tourists about evolution of city. The buildings not only
symbolize the image of country but also allow people to dash historical origin (Vogt, Jordan,
Grewe & Kruger, 2016).
Social value:
The historical buildings provide the real and noticeable interaction with history. The rezoning
and adaptation to land can be of high leisure educational values. The heritage tells the people
how past was seen because it records the important historical events. People feel proud to see
their distinctive origins. It appreciates the indication of human activity (Gayle & Goodrich,
2014). Tourists feel a sense of belonging to the places. The culture can be refined because
heritage signifies the communal memories.
Economic value:
The houses with great history and architecture become asset after successful renovation. The
value of historical buildings can be increased by revitalizing and converting into tourist
sports. Hong Kong is an important economic pulse (Papayannis, 2017). The reputation of
country is known as international modern city. It has distinctive history which is enhanced by
the renovation.
Sustainable development:
The concept of sustainable development was introduced in 1992. It was introduced by the
United Nation conference on environment and development. It is distinct as the
advancementment that meets the need of present generation without negotiating the
capability of future generation to meet their needs (Coccossis, 2017). The custom not only
belongs to the present but it belongs to future generation also. So the heritage should be
protected for the benefit of future generation as well.
Challenges
The historic building faces many challenges. It is a major task to meet challenges.
Integration:

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11
The challenges of using historic buildings are incorporation. The communities and historical
and tourism interests should ensure that tourism plans are incorporated. These plans must be
integrated with greater process of policy making and planning (Jordan, 2015).
Cooperation:
The organisations within the tourism planning process should learn to work together in a
helpful manner. The sustainable development necessitates that all concerns should deal with
conflicts. It must explore the way of sharing knowledge and possibilities in the tourism
development (Camilleri, 2016).
Impact assessment:
The communities cultivate plans and policies to meet need and respect heritage. The
communities should evaluate the potential impact of new tourism developments. The use of
displays is essential in the impact process. The communities must be in a condition to access
how plans are accomplishing objectives. The community is required to know how it is doing
struggles to domain heritage and improving the quality of life of all residents.
Interpretation:
There must be a innovative use of demonstration techniques to define culture and story to
tourists. The techniques can array from visitor centres, re-enactments, audio visual shows,
collaborative computer programs and several forms of print media.
Creative functioning:
The lack of government funds in Asia and deteriorating resources are stressful condition for
the tourism commission. The declining funds from international development interventions
are equally deteriorating. It is important to generate various forms of creative financing (Jia,
et. al. 2016).
A case study in Hong Kong
History and current function
A Golden Bauhinia Square is the symbol of Hong Kong. It is an open area in Wan Chai,
Hong Kong. The blooming Bauhinia sculpture provides the expo promenade. The golden
bauhinia square was gift from central government to mark 1997 handover. It indicates the

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12
prosperity of country. It is a 6 meter tall sculpture comprised of a floated blooming bauhinia.
It is the symbol of country’s region and is designed as per the shape of great wall which
symbolizes the motherland. The monuments serve symbol of reunification (Choo & Petrick,
2015). A flag ceremony is done every day at square at 8 am. Since January 2002, three types
of flag raising ceremony are held at square.
 Daily flag raising ceremony: The ceremony is performed from 7:50am to 8:03 am.
The five officers in a normal police uniform hold the ceremony. It is performed
except the first day of every month.
 Enhanced flag raising ceremony: The enhanced flag ceremony is performed from 7:45
am to 8:13 am. It is executed the first day of each month except 1 July and 1 October.
The flag ceremony is performed at flag. It consist a 10 officer flag companion team in
ceremonial dresses and a police pipe line. The national anthem is performed by the
police band. A ten minute musical presentation is performed by the band after raising
flag.
 The special flag raising ceremony: The special flag raising ceremony is held each year
on 1 July and 1 October. It is accompanied by the officials of Hong Kong,
representatives of central organisations, members of legislation, parliament, other
community leaders and chief executive of Hong Kong. The flag escort team is also
included in this ceremony from fire department, migration department, taxes and
excise department and correctional services department (Adu-Ampong, 2017). The
national anthem is sing by a middle school chorus. The music of ode to the return is
performed by the Hong Kong police band to end the ceremony. The view of Golden
Bauhinia is given in the appendix.
Social impacts
There are various visitors who visit Golden Bauhinia Square every year. There is not only
square but there are various attractions nearby. The visitors can visit Hong Kong convention
and exhibition centre which is the most impressive architectural sites (Chan, Petersn &
Marafa, 2015). It shows the visual proof of the development of country. There are 5
exhibition halls, 2 theatres, 2 conventional halls and 52 meeting rooms in the centre. There is
central plaza which is the tallest building in Hong Kong. The happy valley racecourse is also
an attraction nearby square. It is the best place for the racing enthusiasts. It crows high end
technology for better and live broadcasts on a gigantic screen (Brokaj, 2014). The bank of

Strategic Planning for Tourism and Leisure
13
China tower nearby square is one of the stunning landmarks. It is 70 story building inspired
from bamboo. The exchange centre is recognised as stock exchange and an important
architectural achievement. People come for taking photos along with financial transactions.
Economical impacts
The flagship ceremony can be cancelled anytime due to bad weather conditions. An
announcement is made through the local media between 7 am to 8 am. It is the best place to
enjoy sculpture view and watch symphony of lights show. The demographic groups protest
at the Golden bauhinia square. The security guards are there to safeguard the square.
Conclusion and recommendations
Hong Kong has notable tourist attractions. From this report it can be concluded that the
country has enough attraction points. The background of Hong Kong is royal. The role and
functions of Tourism Commission is contributing for the development of country. The
Tourism Commission work is putting impact on social, culture, economy and environment.
The benefits of using historic buildings are enough to cover the challenges derived by it.
From the above achievements it can be concluded that there is enough scope to enhance
tourism by diversifying the markets and product offerings. The country can do more to
promote business travel. The country has immigration regime which provides free visa access
to 170 countries. The access can be made easy by modifying immigration rules. It will make
easy access to people to experience galore of Hong Kong.

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14
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Appendix
(Source: China.org.cn, 2018)